阅读说明：本技术 一种金属结合剂金刚石磨具的制备方法 (Preparation method of metal bond diamond grinding tool ) 是由 赵志伟 晋凯 郑红娟 路朋献 王顺 关春龙 于 2019-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于金属结合剂金刚石磨具制备领域,涉及一种金属结合剂金刚石磨具的制备方法。所述的制备方法包括以下步骤：a、按配方称取Cu粉、Fe粉、Ni粉、Sn粉,将其机械合金化,得到机械合金化合金粉；b、将步骤a制得的产物和金刚石及一维碳纳米材料进行混合,加入临时粘结剂,混合均匀密封放置12～24h；c、采用油压机将步骤b制得的混合料初压成型,得到初压压坯；d、采用冷等静压机将步骤c获得的压坯再次压制,得到致密生坯；e、将步骤d得到的生坯,用微波烧结炉或放电等离子烧结炉烧结,制得金属结合剂金刚石磨具。本方法具有烧成温度低、烧成速度快、制作简单、成本低强度高等特点,易于工业化生产。(The invention belongs to the field of preparation of metal bond diamond grinding tools, and relates to a preparation method of a metal bond diamond grinding tool. The preparation method comprises the following steps: a. weighing Cu powder, Fe powder, Ni powder and Sn powder according to a formula, and mechanically alloying the Cu powder, the Fe powder, the Ni powder and the Sn powder to obtain mechanically alloyed alloy powder; b. mixing the product prepared in the step a with diamond and a one-dimensional carbon nano material, adding a temporary binder, uniformly mixing, sealing and placing for 12-24 hours; c. c, performing primary pressing on the mixture prepared in the step b by using an oil press to obtain a primary pressed blank; d. c, pressing the pressed blank obtained in the step c again by using a cold isostatic press to obtain a compact green blank; e. and d, sintering the green body obtained in the step d by using a microwave sintering furnace or a discharge plasma sintering furnace to obtain the metal bond diamond grinding tool. The method has the characteristics of low sintering temperature, high sintering speed, simple manufacture, low cost, high strength and the like, and is easy for industrial production.)

1. A method for preparing a metal bond diamond grinding tool is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:

a. taking 42-62% of copper powder (with the particle size of 1-3 microns), 20-40% of iron powder (with the particle size of 1-3 microns), 5-15% of nickel powder (with the particle size of 1-3 microns) and 3-13% of tin powder (with the particle size of 1-3 microns) according to mass percent, adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing in a ball mill, and drying in a drying box to prepare mechanical alloying prealloying powder;

b. uniformly mixing the mixture prepared in the step a, 100-170 meshes of diamond and a one-dimensional carbon nano material in a proper proportion, adding a temporary binder, uniformly mixing, and sealing and placing for 12-24 hours;

c. c, performing primary pressing on the product obtained in the step b by using a single-shaft oil press to obtain a primary pressed blank;

d. pressing the pressed blank obtained in the step c into a compact blank by using a cold isostatic press, and drying for 12-16 h;

e. and d, putting the pressed blank obtained in the step d into a microwave sintering furnace or a discharge plasma sintering furnace for sintering to obtain the metal bond diamond grinding tool.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mixing and ball milling are carried out in any equipment of a high-energy ball mill or a grinding mill.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the ball milling speed of the mechanical alloying prealloying powder is 150-360 r/min, and the ball milling time is 12-24 h.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the drying oven is any one of a forced air drying oven or a vacuum drying oven.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the drying temperature of the mixture is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 12-20 h.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the one-dimensional carbon nano material is one of a carbon nano tube or a carbon fiber.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the firing equipment of the diamond product is any one of a microwave sintering furnace or a discharge plasma sintering furnace.

Technical Field

The invention provides a preparation method of a metal bond diamond grinding tool, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of diamond grinding tools.

Background

The performance of the diamond article depends on the holding force of the binder on the diamond and the strength and hardness of the binder. If the strength of the binder is insufficient, the excellent properties of diamond will not be fully developed. Compared with ceramic bonding agents and resin bonding agents, the metal bonding agents have higher strength and toughness and the best holding force on diamond, and are widely applied to diamond products such as cutting tools, grinding tools, exploration drill bits, saw blades and the like.

In the conventional copper-based binder, cobalt is usually added as one of the binders, but cobalt is used as a strategic resource in China, so that the resource reserves are small, the price is relatively high, and therefore, the search for a metal binder with good performance to replace cobalt is urgent. Iron and cobalt belong to the same group elements, have similar properties and lower price, have better compatibility with copper-based metal binders and better bonding force with diamond, so that iron is gradually used for replacing cobalt and becomes a trend for preparing the metal binders.

The performance of the metal bond is not only dependent on the properties of the metal itself, but also on the preparation process of the metal powder and the preparation method of the metal bond. The pre-alloyed powder has good dispersibility and uniform element components, thereby fundamentally avoiding the segregation problem of metal during high-temperature sintering. The mechanical alloying method for preparing the pre-alloyed powder has the advantages of simple process, greatly reduced cost and resource saving.

The microwave sintering method and the discharge plasma sintering method can quickly and uniformly heat materials without causing cracking of the bonding agent or forming thermal stress in the bonding agent, so that a uniform fine crystal structure is formed inside the metal bonding agent, the performance of the metal bonding agent is improved, the strength and the hardness of a diamond product are enhanced, and the comprehensive performance of the diamond tool is improved. In addition, the sintering temperature can be reduced and the sintering time can be shortened by adopting microwave sintering and spark plasma sintering, and the prepared metal structure is more uniform and compact.

In addition, carbon nanotubes have extremely high strength, theoretically calculated as 100 times that of steel. Meanwhile, the carbon nano tube has extremely high toughness and is very soft, and is considered as a future super fiber. After the material is compounded with other matrixes, the composite material can show good strength, elasticity, fatigue resistance and isotropy, and the performance of the composite material is greatly improved.

The carbon fiber is a high-strength high-modulus fiber with the carbon content of more than 90 percent, and the high-temperature resistant fiber is the first of all chemical fibers. The carbon fiber has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electric conduction, heat conduction, corrosion resistance and the like, and has high strength and modulus along the fiber axis direction. The carbon fiber has low density, high specific strength and high specific modulus. The carbon fiber is mainly used as a reinforcing material to be compounded with resin, metal, ceramic and the like to manufacture advanced composite materials.

Therefore, in order to improve the performance of the metal bond diamond product, it is necessary to search a method for rapidly preparing a high-strength, high-toughness and high-hardness diamond product at a low temperature.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a novel method for preparing a metal bond diamond grinding tool so as to obtain a diamond tool with excellent performance, so as to better meet the urgent demand of modern industry on high-performance diamond tools. The method has the characteristics of energy conservation, production cost reduction, simple process and the like.

The preparation method of the metal bond diamond grinding tool comprises the following steps:

a. taking 42-62% of copper powder (with the particle size of 1-3 microns), 20-40% of iron powder (with the particle size of 1-3 microns), 5-15% of nickel powder (with the particle size of 1-3 microns) and 3-13% of tin powder (with the particle size of 1-3 microns) according to mass percent, adding a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly mixing in a ball mill, and drying in a drying box to prepare mechanical alloying prealloying powder;

b. uniformly mixing the mixture prepared in the step a, 100-170 meshes of diamond and a one-dimensional carbon nano material in a proper proportion, adding a temporary binder, uniformly mixing, and sealing and placing for 12-24 hours;

c. c, performing primary pressing on the product obtained in the step b by using a single-shaft oil press to obtain a primary pressed blank;

d. pressing the pressed blank obtained in the step c into a compact blank by using a cold isostatic press, and drying for 12-16 h;

e. and d, putting the pressed blank obtained in the step d into a microwave sintering furnace or a discharge plasma sintering furnace for sintering to obtain the diamond product.

The mixing and ball milling of the invention are carried out in any equipment of a high-energy ball mill or a grinding mill.

The ball milling speed of the mechanical alloying prealloying powder is 150-360 r/min, and the ball milling time is 12-24 h.

The drying oven is any one of a forced air drying oven and a vacuum drying oven.

The drying temperature of the mixture is 60-80 ℃, and the drying time is 12-20 h.

The one-dimensional carbon nano material is one of a carbon nano tube or a carbon fiber.

The firing equipment of the diamond product is any one of a microwave sintering furnace or a discharge plasma sintering furnace.

Compared with the existing method for preparing the diamond product, the method has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the sintering temperature is low, the sintering time is short, and the energy is saved. Compared with the traditional sintering method, the method can greatly reduce the reaction temperature, shorten the reaction time and effectively save energy.

(2) The microstructure of the sample was uniform. The microwave sintering or discharge plasma sintering method has the effect of synchronous heating inside and outside, and the prepared diamond tool is not easy to crack or form internal thermal stress.

(3) The performance is excellent. The invention integrates mechanical alloying prealloying powder, rapid sintering and the adoption of one-dimensional carbon nano material (carbon nano tube or carbon fiber) as a reinforcing material, and the like, so that the prepared diamond product has the advantages of large bending strength, high hardness, good grinding performance, long service life and the like, and has wide application prospect.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples: