阅读说明：本技术 一种用于降低钻具与井壁之间摩擦的装置及其方法 (Device and method for reducing friction between drilling tool and well wall ) 是由 石昌帅 李金平 祝效华 于 2019-09-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于降低钻具与井壁之间摩擦、提高钻井效率、缩短钻井周期的工具及其方法,其技术方案是：所述一种用于降低钻具与井壁之间摩擦的装置主要包括：滑杆、密封圈、挡圈、第一上壳体、限位半圆环、第二上壳体、碟簧、密封圈、挡圈、活塞、第三上壳体、普通平键、上定阀、上动阀、第四上壳体、定子、转子、下外壳、下动阀、下定阀、下接口；第一上壳体、第二上壳体、第三上壳体、第四上壳体、定子、下外壳、下接口依次螺纹连接；在转子的带动下使得下动阀的斜孔流道周期性的打开和关闭,从而把流体的能量转化为一系列的脉冲压力,打破钻具与井壁之间的静摩擦,从而达到降低摩擦和提升水平段钻进能力的目的。(The invention relates to a tool and a method for reducing friction between a drilling tool and a well wall, improving the drilling efficiency and shortening the drilling period, wherein the technical scheme is as follows: the device for reducing the friction between the drilling tool and the well wall mainly comprises: the device comprises a sliding rod, a sealing ring, a check ring, a first upper shell, a limiting semicircular ring, a second upper shell, a disc spring, a sealing ring, a check ring, a piston, a third upper shell, a common flat key, an upper fixed valve, an upper movable valve, a fourth upper shell, a stator, a rotor, a lower shell, a lower movable valve, a lower fixed valve and a lower interface; the first upper shell, the second upper shell, the third upper shell, the fourth upper shell, the stator, the lower shell and the lower interface are sequentially in threaded connection; the inclined hole flow channel of the downward moving valve is periodically opened and closed under the driving of the rotor, so that the energy of fluid is converted into a series of pulse pressures, the static friction between a drilling tool and a well wall is broken, and the purposes of reducing friction and improving the drilling capacity of a horizontal section are achieved.)

1. A tool for reducing friction between a drilling tool and a well wall mainly comprises a tool body; the device comprises a sliding rod (1), a sealing ring (2), a retainer ring (3), a first upper shell (4), a limiting semicircular ring (5), a second upper shell (6), a disc spring (7), a sealing ring (8), a retainer ring (9), a piston (10), a third upper shell (11), a common flat key (12), an upper fixed valve (13), an upper movable valve (14), a fourth upper shell (15), a stator (16), a rotor (17), a lower shell (18), a lower movable valve (19), a lower fixed valve (20) and a lower interface (21); the technical characteristics are as follows: the first upper shell (4), the second upper shell (6), the third upper shell (11), the fourth upper shell (15), the stator (16), the lower shell (18) and the lower interface (21) are sequentially in threaded connection from top to bottom; a round hole-shaped flow channel is formed in the slide rod (1), the lower end of the slide rod (1) is arranged in inner holes of the first upper shell (4) and the second upper shell (6) and is in clearance fit with the inner holes, and the slide rod (1) is connected with the second upper shell (6) through a spline; the inner surface of the first upper shell (4) is provided with a sealing groove for mounting a sealing ring (2) and a retainer ring (3); the limiting semicircular ring (5) is positioned between the first upper shell (4) and the second upper shell (6) and limits the axial movement of the part; the disc spring (7) is arranged in an inner groove between the second upper shell (6) and the third upper shell (11), and the upper end and the lower end of the disc spring (7) are respectively contacted with the sliding rod (1) and the piston (10); the piston (10) is arranged in an inner hole at the upper end of the third upper shell (11) and is in clearance fit with the inner hole, the lowest end of the sliding rod (1) is connected with the piston (10) through threads, and the outer wall of the piston (10) is provided with a sealing groove for installing a sealing ring (8) and a retainer ring (9); a common flat key (12) binds the third upper shell (11) and the upper fixed valve (13) together; the upper fixed valve (13) and the upper movable valve (14) are arranged in an inner hole of a fourth upper shell (15), the upper movable valve (14) is eccentric, a flow channel is axially formed at the upper end of the upper movable valve (14), 2-8 flow channels are formed in the side surface of the upper movable valve (14), and the axial flow channel is communicated with the side flow channel; the rotor (17) is arranged in the stator (16), the rotor (17) is eccentric, the stator (16) and the rotor (17) are power parts of a positive displacement screw motor, the upper end of the rotor (17) is connected with the upper movable valve (14) through threads, and the lower end of the rotor (17) is connected with the lower movable valve (19) through threads; the lower valve (19) and the lower fixed valve (20) are arranged in an inner hole of a lower shell (18), the lower valve (19) is eccentric, 2-8 inclined hole flow passages are formed in the lower part of the lower valve (19), the outer diameter of the inclined hole flow passage of the lower valve (19) is smaller than the inner diameter of an inner hole at the upper end of the lower fixed valve (20), the outer wall of the inclined hole flow passage of the lower valve (19) is positioned in the inner hole at the upper end of the lower fixed valve (20), the lower valve (19) is driven by a rotor (17), the outer wall of the lower end of the lower valve (19) is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the lower fixed valve (20), the rotor (17) rotates for a circle, and the inclined hole flow passages are alternately opened and closed periodically, so that the flow area of the lower valve (19) is changed from large to small and from small to large periodically, and the energy of fluid is converted into pulse pressure; a flow passage is formed in the lower connector (21), and a boss at the upper end of the lower connector (21) is used for limiting the movement of the lower fixed valve (20).

2. A tool for reducing friction between a drilling tool and a borehole wall according to claim 1, wherein: the power component consists of a stator (16) and a rotor (17); the piston (10), the upper fixed valve (13), the upper movable valve (14), the lower movable valve (19) and the lower fixed valve (20) form a valve component.

3. A tool for reducing friction between a drilling tool and a borehole wall as recited in claim 1, wherein: the upper sealing group consists of a sealing ring (2), a retainer ring (3), a sealing ring (8) and a retainer ring (9); the inner surface of the first upper shell (4) is provided with a sealing groove for installing the sealing ring (2) and the retainer ring (3); the outer wall of the piston (10) is provided with a sealing groove for installing a sealing ring (8) and a retainer ring (9).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tool for reducing the forward friction resistance of a drill string in a directional well, an extended reach well and a horizontal well and improving the horizontal section extension capability of the directional well, the extended reach well and the horizontal well.

Background

Along with the increasing demand of human beings on petroleum resources and the decreasing of the petroleum resources in the global scope, in order to meet the demand of human beings on the petroleum resources, the development of complex oil and gas reservoirs such as low permeability, low pressure and low porosity is carried out, and a directional well, an extended reach well and a horizontal well corresponding to the complex oil and gas reservoirs are also more and more widely applied; at present, with the continuous progress of the oil and gas reservoir exploration and development technology, the proportion of a directional well, a horizontal well and an extended reach well in the oil and gas reservoir exploration and development is higher and higher, and in the drilling process of the directional well, the extended reach well and the horizontal well, because the friction resistance between a drilling tool and a well wall is large, the drilling efficiency is low, the drilling period is long, the drilling cost is high, the mechanical drilling speed is obviously reduced, the well trajectory cannot meet the design requirement, the target rate in a target layer is low, and sometimes even accidents such as incapability of lifting the drilling tool or breaking the drilling tool occur, so that the directional well, the extended reach well and the horizontal well are one of important bottlenecks for restricting the development of the directional.

The coiled tubing technology is an economic and environment-friendly operation means, has great advantages in the operations of well washing, salvaging, horizontal well, extended reach well, existing well windowing sidetracking and the like, and becomes one of the leading technologies of oil field volume production, difficult-to-use reserve exploitation and final recovery rate improvement; since the last 90 s, 7000 wells were drilled worldwide using coiled tubing and an annual increase of 750 occurred so far_~850 mouths, the application is more and more extensive; meanwhile, along with the increase of the number of the horizontal wells, the length of the coiled tubing in the horizontal wells is increased, the friction force between the coiled tubing and the well wall is increased, the coiled tubing has limited drilling horizontal section footage due to small size, softness and poor drilling pressure transmission capability, the coiled tubing cannot reach the expected depth only by virtue of the horizontal driving force generated by the ground injection head, and the problem that the coiled tubing is difficult to run in the horizontal well section also becomes one of the main factors restricting the development of the coiled tubing.

The friction force between a drilling tool and a well wall in the horizontal well section is reduced, and the key for ensuring that a horizontal well and a displacement well are drilled in a long horizontal section in an extending mode is achieved.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is: in order to overcome the difficulties and improve the extension drilling capability of the horizontal section of the horizontal well and the extended reach well, the device for reducing the friction resistance of the horizontal well section is particularly provided, the friction resistance between a drilling tool and the well wall can be reduced, and the extension drilling capability of the horizontal section is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a tool for reducing friction between a drilling tool and a well wall mainly comprises a tool body; the device comprises a sliding rod, a sealing ring, a retaining ring, a first upper shell, a limiting semicircular ring, a second upper shell, a disc spring, a sealing ring, a retaining ring, a piston, a third upper shell, a common flat key, an upper fixed valve, an upper movable valve, a fourth upper shell, a stator, a rotor, a lower shell, a lower movable valve, a lower fixed valve and a lower interface; the technical characteristics are as follows: the first upper shell, the second upper shell, the third upper shell, the fourth upper shell, the stator, the lower shell and the lower interface are sequentially in threaded connection from top to bottom; a round hole-shaped flow channel is formed in the slide bar, the lower end of the slide bar is arranged in inner holes of the first upper shell and the second upper shell and is in clearance fit with the inner holes, and the slide bar is connected with the second upper shell through a spline; the inner surface of the first upper shell is provided with a sealing groove for mounting a sealing ring and a retainer ring; the limiting semicircular ring is positioned between the first upper shell and the second upper shell and used for limiting the axial movement of the part; the disc spring is arranged in an inner groove between the second upper shell and the third upper shell, and the upper end and the lower end of the disc spring are respectively contacted with the sliding rod and the piston; the piston is arranged in an inner hole at the upper end of the third upper shell and is in clearance fit with the inner hole, the lowest end of the sliding rod is connected with the piston through threads, and the outer wall of the piston is provided with a sealing groove for installing a sealing ring and a retainer ring; the third upper shell and the upper fixed valve are bound together by a common flat key; the upper fixed valve and the upper movable valve are arranged in an inner hole of the fourth upper shell, the upper movable valve is eccentric, the upper end of the upper movable valve is axially provided with a flow channel, the side surface of the upper movable valve is provided with 2-8 flow channels, and the axial flow channel is communicated with the side flow channel; the rotor is arranged in the stator, the rotor is eccentric, the stator and the rotor are power parts of a positive displacement screw motor, the upper end of the rotor is connected with the upper movable valve through threads, and the lower end of the rotor is connected with the lower movable valve through threads; the lower valve and the lower fixed valve are arranged in an inner hole of the lower shell, the lower valve is eccentric, 2-8 inclined hole flow passages are formed in the lower portion of the lower valve, the outer diameter of the inclined hole flow passage of the lower valve is smaller than the inner diameter of an inner hole in the upper end of the lower fixed valve, the outer wall of the inclined hole flow passage of the lower valve is located in the inner hole in the upper end of the lower fixed valve, the lower valve is driven by the rotor, the outer wall of the lower end of the lower valve is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the lower fixed valve, the rotor rotates for a circle, and the inclined hole flow passages are alternately opened and closed periodically, so that the flow area of the lower valve is periodically changed from large to small and from small to large, and the; the lower connector is internally provided with a flow passage, and a boss at the upper end of the lower connector is used for limiting the lower fixed valve to move.

The power part of the screw motor consists of a stator and a rotor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the tool has stronger axial vibration capability, can effectively reduce the frictional resistance between a drill column and a well wall, and can improve the extension drilling capability of horizontal sections of a directional well, a horizontal well and a large-displacement well; (2) if the tool is placed near the drill bit, the axial pulsation of the tool can reduce the axial vibration intensity of the drill bit and improve the uniform contact time of the drill bit and the rock, thereby improving the mechanical drilling speed; (3) the axial vibration can effectively destroy the rock debris bed formed in the horizontal section and can prevent drill jamming; (4) the control precision of the well depth track can be improved, the smoothness of the track is improved, and drilling steps caused by instability of a drilling tool face are effectively reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tool for reducing friction between a drilling tool and a borehole wall according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a slide bar in the tool for reducing friction between a drilling tool and a borehole wall according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top valve in the tool for reducing friction between the drilling tool and the borehole wall according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an upper actuation valve in a tool for reducing friction between a drilling tool and a borehole wall according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lower standing valve in the tool for reducing friction between the drilling tool and the borehole wall according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a lower valve of the tool for reducing friction between the drilling tool and the borehole wall according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a slide bar; 2. a seal ring; 3. a retainer ring; 4. a first upper case; 5. a semi-circle limiting ring; 6. a second upper case; 7. a disc spring; 8. a seal ring; 9. a retainer ring; 10. a piston; 11. a third upper case; 12. a common flat bond; 13. an upper fixed valve; 14. an upper valve; 15. a fourth upper case; 16. a stator; 17. a rotor; 18. a lower housing; 19. a lower valve; 20. a lower fixed valve; 21. and (4) a lower interface.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-6, a tool for reducing friction between a drilling tool and a borehole wall is mainly structured as follows; the device comprises a sliding rod 1, a sealing ring 2, a retainer ring 3, a first upper shell 4, a limiting semicircular ring 5, a second upper shell 6, a disc spring 7, a sealing ring 8, a retainer ring 9, a piston 10, a third upper shell 11, a common flat key 12, an upper fixed valve 13, an upper movable valve 14, a fourth upper shell 15, a stator 16, a rotor 17, a lower shell 18, a lower movable valve 19, a lower fixed valve 20 and a lower interface 21; the technical characteristics are as follows: the first upper shell 4, the second upper shell 6, the third upper shell 11, the fourth upper shell 15, the stator 16, the lower shell 18 and the lower interface 21 are sequentially in threaded connection from top to bottom; a round hole-shaped flow channel is formed in the slide rod 1, the lower end of the slide rod 1 is arranged in inner holes of a first upper shell 4 and a second upper shell 6 and is in clearance fit with the inner holes, and the slide rod 1 is connected with the second upper shell 6 through a spline; the inner surface of the first upper shell 4 is provided with a sealing groove for mounting the sealing ring 2 and the retainer ring 3; the limiting semicircular ring 5 is positioned between the first upper shell 4 and the second upper shell 6 and used for limiting the axial movement of the part; the disc spring 7 is arranged in an inner groove between the second upper shell 6 and the third upper shell 11, and the upper end and the lower end of the disc spring 7 are respectively contacted with the sliding rod 1 and the piston 10; the piston 10 is arranged in an inner hole at the upper end of the third upper shell 11 and is in clearance fit with the inner hole, the lowest end of the sliding rod 1 is connected with the piston 10 through threads, and the outer wall of the piston 10 is provided with a sealing groove for installing a sealing ring 8 and a retainer ring 9; a common flat key 12 binds the third upper housing 11 and the upper fixed valve 13 together; the upper fixed valve 13 and the upper movable valve 14 are arranged in an inner hole of a fourth upper shell 15, the upper movable valve 14 is eccentric, the upper end of the upper movable valve 14 is axially provided with a flow channel, the side surface of the upper movable valve 14 is provided with 2-8 flow channels, and the axial flow channel is communicated with the side flow channel; the rotor 17 is arranged in the stator 16, the rotor 17 is eccentric, the stator 16 and the rotor 17 are power parts of a positive displacement screw motor, the upper end of the rotor 17 is connected with the upper valve 14 through threads, and the lower end of the rotor 17 is connected with the lower valve 19 through threads; the lower valve 19 and the lower fixed valve 20 are installed in an inner hole of the lower shell 18, the lower valve 19 is eccentric, 2-8 inclined hole flow passages are formed in the lower portion of the lower valve 19, the outer diameter of the inclined hole flow passages of the lower valve 19 is smaller than the inner diameter of an inner hole in the upper end of the lower fixed valve 20, the outer wall of the inclined hole flow passages of the lower valve 19 is located in the inner hole in the upper end of the lower fixed valve 20, the lower valve 19 is driven by the rotor 17, the outer wall of the lower end of the lower valve 19 is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the lower fixed valve 20, the rotor 17 rotates for a circle, the inclined hole flow passages are alternately opened and closed periodically, the flow area of the lower valve 19 is changed periodically from large to small to large, and the energy of fluid is converted into; a flow passage is formed in the lower connector 21, and an upper end boss of the lower connector 21 is used for limiting the movement of the lower fixed valve 20.

The power part of the progressive cavity motor consists of a rotor 17 and a stator 16.

The piston 10, the upper fixed valve 13, the upper movable valve 14, the lower movable valve 19 and the lower fixed valve 20 constitute a valve member.

The upper fixed valve 13 and the upper movable valve 14 are arranged in an inner hole of a fourth upper shell 15, the upper movable valve 14 is eccentrically arranged, the upper end of the upper movable valve 14 is axially provided with a flow channel, the side surface of the upper movable valve 14 is provided with 2-8 flow channels, and the axial flow channel is communicated with the side flow channel; the lower valve 19 and the lower fixed valve 20 are arranged in an inner hole of the lower shell 18, 2-8 inclined hole flow passages are formed in the lower portion of the lower valve 19, the lower valve 19 is eccentrically arranged, the outer diameter of the inclined hole flow passage of the lower valve 19 is smaller than the inner diameter of an inner hole in the upper end of the lower fixed valve 20, the outer wall of the inclined hole flow passage of the lower valve 19 is located in the inner hole in the upper end of the lower fixed valve 20, the lower valve 19 is driven by the rotor 17, the outer wall of the lower end of the lower valve 19 is in rolling contact with the inner wall of the lower fixed valve 20, the rotor 17 rotates for a circle, and the inclined hole flow passages are alternately opened and closed periodically, so that the flow area of the lower valve 19 is changed periodically from large to small, the small to large, the energy of fluid is converted into a series of pressure pulses, static friction between a drill string and a well.

The tool has stronger axial vibration capability, can effectively reduce the frictional resistance between a drill column and a well wall, and can improve the extension drilling capability of horizontal sections of a directional well, a horizontal well and a large-displacement well; if the tool is placed near the drill bit, the axial pulsation of the tool can reduce the axial vibration intensity of the drill bit and improve the uniform contact time of the drill bit and the rock, thereby improving the mechanical drilling speed; the axial vibration can effectively destroy the rock debris bed formed in the horizontal section and can prevent drill jamming; the control precision of the well depth track can be improved, the smoothness of the track is improved, and drilling steps caused by instability of a drilling tool face are effectively reduced.