Supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system and method

文档序号：1588011 发布日期：2020-02-04 浏览：28次中文

阅读说明：本技术 超临界二氧化碳耦合lng冷能发电系统及方法 (Supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system and method ) 是由袁晓旭张小波张文祥魏小龙覃小文杨佐卫李应超周刚周帅张晓丹涂霜于 2019-10-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及能源利用领域,旨在解决现有的LNG冷能发电系统和S-CO2循环能量浪费较高、系统循环效率较低的问题,提供超临界二氧化碳耦合LNG冷能发电系统,其包括有机工质冷凝器、有机工质循环泵、有机工质蒸发换热器和有机工质透平；蒸发换热器具有能够相互换热的第一通道和第二通道,冷凝器、循环泵、蒸发换热器的第一通道以及透平循环串联形成有机工质循环回路；还包括S-CO2透平、S-CO2回热器、S-CO2压气机和S-CO2热源加热器；S-CO2回热器具有能够相互换热的第三通道和第四通道；S-CO2压气机、S-CO2回热器的第三通道、S-CO2热源加热器、S-CO2透平、S-CO2回热器的第四通道、有机工质蒸发换热器的第二通道循环串联形成S-CO2循环回路。本发明的有益效果是能量利用率高、系统循环效率高。(The invention relates to the field of energy utilization, and aims to solve the problems of the existing LNG cold energy power generation system and S-CO 2 The supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system comprises an organic working medium condenser, an organic working medium circulating pump, an organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger and an organic working medium turbine; the evaporation heat exchanger is provided with a first channel and a second channel which can exchange heat with each other, and the condenser, the circulating pump, the first channel of the evaporation heat exchanger and the turbine are circularly connected in series to form an organic working medium circulation loop; also includes S-CO 2 Turbine, S-CO 2 Regenerator, S-CO 2 Compressor and S-CO 2 A heat source heater; S-CO 2 The regenerator is provided with a third channel and a fourth channel which can exchange heat with each other; S-CO 2 Compressed airMechanical, S-CO 2 Third channel of regenerator, S-CO 2 Heat source heater, S-CO 2 Turbine, S-CO 2 The fourth channel of the heat regenerator and the second channel of the organic working medium evaporation heat exchanger are circularly connected in series to form S-CO 2 A circulation loop. The invention has the advantages of high energy utilization rate and high system circulation efficiency.)

1. The utility model provides a supercritical carbon dioxide coupling LNG cold energy power generation system which characterized in that:

the system comprises an organic working medium condenser, an organic working medium circulating pump, an organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger and an organic working medium turbine;

the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger is provided with a first channel and a second channel which can exchange heat with each other, the first channel is used as a cold end of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger, and the second channel is used as a hot end of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger;

the organic working medium condenser, the organic working medium circulating pump, the first channel of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger and the organic working medium turbine are circularly connected in series to form an organic working medium circulating loop; the organic working medium turbine is connected with the organic working medium generator to drive the organic working medium generator to generate electricity;

the organic working medium condenser is provided with an LNG inlet and a natural gas outlet and is used for allowing LNG used as a cold source to pass through;

the supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system also comprises S-CO₂Turbine, S-CO₂Regenerator, S-CO₂Compressor and S-CO₂A heat source heater;

the S-CO₂The regenerator is provided with a third channel and a fourth channel which can exchange heat with each other; the third channel is used as the S-CO₂The cold end of the regenerator, the fourth channel being the S-CO₂The hot end of the regenerator;

the S-CO₂Gas compressor, S-CO₂Third channel of regenerator, S-CO₂Heat source heater, S-CO₂Turbine, S-CO₂The fourth channel of the heat regenerator and the second channel of the organic working medium evaporation heat exchanger are circularly connected in series to form S-CO₂Circulation ofA loop; the S-CO₂Turbine connection S-CO₂Generator to drive S-CO₂The generator generates electricity.

2. A supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation method is characterized in that based on the supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system, the method comprises the following steps:

organic working medium enters an organic working medium circulating pump to be boosted to working pressure;

the organic working medium enters a first channel of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger and passes through S-CO entering a second channel of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger₂After turbine exhaust is heated and evaporated to high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas enters an organic working medium turbine to do work and drive an organic working medium generator to generate electricity;

the organic working medium after acting enters an organic working medium condenser to be cooled by LNG, and then enters an organic working medium circulating pump again to be circulated for the next time;

during the circulation of the organic working medium, S-CO₂Into S-CO₂The gas compressor is boosted to working pressure and then enters S-CO₂A third channel of the regenerator, into which S-CO is introduced₂S-CO of fourth channel of regenerator₂The turbine exhausts and carries out regenerative heating;

regenerative heated S-CO₂Into S-CO₂Heating to working temperature by a heat source heater, and then introducing S-CO₂Turbine expansion work and drive S-CO₂The generator generates electricity;

S-CO after work₂Into S-CO₂The fourth channel of the regenerator is passed through S-CO₂S-CO of third channel of regenerator₂The organic working medium entering the first channel of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger after being cooled by LNG is cooled to S-CO₂The working temperature of the compressor is then S-CO₂The compressor performs the next cycle.

3. The utility model provides a supercritical carbon dioxide coupling LNG cold energy power generation system which characterized in that:

the system comprises an organic working medium condenser, an organic working medium circulating pump, an organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger, an organic working medium turbine, an organic working medium reheating heat exchanger and an organic working medium turbine II;

the organic working medium reheating heat exchanger is provided with a fifth channel and a sixth channel which can exchange heat with each other, the fifth channel is used as the cold end of the organic working medium reheating heat exchanger, and the sixth channel is used as the hot end of the organic working medium reheating heat exchanger;

the organic working medium condenser, the organic working medium circulating pump, the first channel of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger, the organic working medium turbine, the fifth channel of the organic working medium reheating heat exchanger and the organic working medium turbine are connected in series in a circulating mode to form an organic working medium circulating loop; the organic working medium turbine II and the organic working medium turbine II are respectively connected with an organic working medium generator so as to drive the organic working medium generator to generate electricity;

the organic working medium condenser is provided with an LNG inlet and a natural gas outlet and is used for allowing LNG used as a cold source to pass through;

the supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system also comprises S-CO₂Turbine, S-CO₂Regenerator, S-CO₂Precompressor, S-CO₂Compressor and S-CO₂A heat source heater;

the S-CO₂Gas compressor, S-CO₂Third channel of regenerator, S-CO₂Heat source heater, S-CO₂Turbine, S-CO₂A fourth channel of the heat regenerator, a second channel of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger, and S-CO₂Pre-compressed gasSixth channel of organic working medium reheating heat exchanger, S-CO₂The compressors are sequentially connected in series in a circulating manner to form S-CO₂A circulation loop; the S-CO₂Turbine connection S-CO₂Generator to drive S-CO₂The generator generates electricity.

4. A supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation method is characterized in that: the supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system of claim 3; the LNG cold energy power generation method comprises the following steps:

the organic working medium enters an organic working medium circulating pump to be boosted to working pressure, then enters a first channel of an organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger, and passes through S-CO entering a second channel (hot end) of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger₂After turbine exhaust is heated and evaporated to high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas enters an organic working medium turbine to do work and drive an organic working medium generator to generate electricity;

the organic working medium after acting is subjected to neutralization with S-CO when passing through a fifth channel of the organic working medium reheating heat exchanger₂S-CO output by precompressor₂After heat exchange and temperature increase, the organic working medium enters an organic working medium turbine II to do work again for power generation, then an organic working medium condenser is cooled by LNG, and the organic working medium enters an organic working medium circulating pump again to do next circulation;

in the circulation process of the organic working medium, making S-CO₂Into S-CO₂After the precompressor performs precompression cooling, the organic working medium enters a sixth channel and a fifth channel of the organic working medium reheating heat exchanger for heat exchange, temperature reduction and cooling, and then the organic working medium enters S-CO₂The gas compressor is boosted to working pressure and then enters S-CO₂A third channel of the regenerator, into which S-CO is introduced₂S-CO of fourth channel of regenerator₂The turbine exhausts and carries out regenerative heating;

regenerative heated S-CO₂Into S-CO₂Heating to working temperature by a heat source heater, and then introducing S-CO₂Turbine expansion work and drive S-CO₂The generator generates electricity;

S-CO after work₂Into S-CO₂The fourth channel of the regenerator passes through S-CO₂S-CO of third channel of regenerator₂The organic working medium entering the first channel of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger after being cooled by LNG is cooled to S-CO₂The working temperature of the compressor is then S-CO₂The compressor performs the next cycle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of energy utilization, in particular to a supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system and method.

Background

The conventional LNG cold energy power generation system is a circulating system which utilizes LNG as a cold source, seawater or river water as a heat source, adopts organic working medium Rankine cycle and utilizes low-grade heat energy in the seawater to generate power. River water and seawater are used as high-temperature heat sources, although the specific heat capacity is large and the heat exchange efficiency is high, the seawater temperature is low, the temperature difference between the heat source and the cold source is small, and the circulation efficiency of the whole system is low. On the other hand, S-CO₂The circulation is used as a closed Brayton cycle, the gas compressor consumes a large amount of energy, the temperature of the inlet of the gas compressor is reduced, the power consumption of the gas compressor can be effectively reduced, and the S-CO is improved₂The efficiency of the cyclic power generation usually needs to control the inlet temperature of the compressor to be slightly higher than the critical point, namely about 35 ℃, but S-CO₂Exhaust temperature of circulating turbineTaking 550 ℃ as an example of the inlet temperature of the turbine as a high temperature, the exhaust temperature of the turbine exceeds 440 ℃, the exhaust temperature of the turbine still exceeds 100 ℃ after passing through a carbon dioxide regenerator, and in order to ensure the inlet temperature of the compressor, a precooler is generally required to be arranged between the carbon dioxide regenerator and the compressor, and S-CO is used₂Cooling from over 100 c to around 35 c wastes this energy and at the same time the construction of the cold end adds to the cost of the system.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system to solve the problems of the existing LNG cold energy power generation system and S-CO₂The waste of the circulation energy is high, and the circulation efficiency of the system is low.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:

a supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system comprises an organic working medium condenser, an organic working medium circulating pump, an organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger and an organic working medium turbine;

the organic working medium condenser is provided with an LNG inlet and a natural gas outlet and is used for allowing LNG used as a cold source to pass through;

the supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system also comprises S-CO₂Turbine, S-CO₂Regenerator, S-CO₂Compressor and S-CO₂A heat source heater;

the S-CO₂The regenerator is provided with a third channel and a fourth channel which can exchange heat with each other; the third channel is used as the S-CO₂Cold end of regenerator, said secondFour channels as the S-CO₂The hot end of the regenerator;

the S-CO₂Gas compressor, S-CO₂Third channel of regenerator, S-CO₂Heat source heater, S-CO₂Turbine, S-CO₂The fourth channel of the heat regenerator and the second channel of the organic working medium evaporation heat exchanger are circularly connected in series to form S-CO₂A circulation loop; the S-CO₂Turbine connection S-CO₂Generator to drive S-CO₂The generator generates electricity.

During the circulation of the organic working medium, S-CO₂Into S-CO₂The gas compressor is boosted to working pressure and then enters S-CO₂The third channel (cold end) of the regenerator, through which it passes into the S-CO₂S-CO of the fourth pass (hot end) of the regenerator₂The turbine exhausts and carries out regenerative heating; regenerative heated S-CO₂Into S-CO₂Heating to working temperature by a heat source heater, and then introducing S-CO₂Turbine expansion work and drive S-CO₂The generator generates electricity; S-CO after work₂Into S-CO₂The fourth channel (hot end) of the regenerator is passed through S-CO₂S-CO of third channel (cold end) of regenerator₂The organic working medium entering the first channel (cold end) of the organic working medium evaporation heat exchanger after being cooled by LNG is cooled to S-CO₂The working temperature of the compressor is then S-CO₂The compressor performs the next cycle.

In the scheme, the Chinese character 'PASI' isWith S-CO₂The circulating working medium of the cold energy power generation system is heated by the waste heat of the circulating exhaust gas, thereby ensuring that S-CO₂The inlet temperature of the circulating compressor is increased, the temperature of the circulating working medium of the cold energy power generation system is increased, the temperature difference between a heat source and a cold source of the cold energy power generation system is increased, and the circulating efficiency of the cold energy power generation system is improved. Meanwhile, the circulating working medium of the cold energy power generation system cooled by the LNG is used as S-CO₂Cold source of the circulating system can be saved, and S-CO can be omitted₂The arrangement of the original precooler of the circulating system reduces the construction cost of the system.

By combining the above discussion, the supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system is reasonable in coupling, high in circulation efficiency and low in system construction cost.

The application also provides a supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation method, which is based on the supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system, and the method comprises the following steps:

organic working medium enters an organic working medium circulating pump to be boosted to working pressure;

regenerative heated S-CO₂Into S-CO₂Heating to working temperature by a heat source heater, and then introducing S-CO₂Turbine expansion work and drive S-CO₂The generator generates electricity;

S-CO after work₂Enter intoS-CO₂The fourth channel of the regenerator is passed through S-CO₂S-CO of third channel of regenerator₂The organic working medium entering the first channel of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger after being cooled by LNG is cooled to S-CO₂The working temperature of the compressor is then S-CO₂The compressor performs the next cycle.

The application also provides a supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system which comprises an organic working medium condenser, an organic working medium circulating pump, an organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger, an organic working medium turbine, an organic working medium reheating heat exchanger and an organic working medium turbine II;

the organic working medium condenser is provided with an LNG inlet and a natural gas outlet and is used for allowing LNG used as a cold source to pass through;

the S-CO₂The regenerator having a phase of energyA third channel and a fourth channel that exchange heat with each other; the third channel is used as the S-CO₂The cold end of the regenerator, the fourth channel being the S-CO₂The hot end of the regenerator;

the S-CO₂Gas compressor, S-CO₂Third channel of regenerator, S-CO₂Heat source heater, S-CO₂Turbine, S-CO₂A fourth channel of the heat regenerator, a second channel of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger, and S-CO₂Precompressor, sixth channel of organic working medium reheating heat exchanger, S-CO₂The compressors are sequentially connected in series in a circulating manner to form S-CO₂A circulation loop; the S-CO₂Turbine connection S-CO₂Generator to drive S-CO₂The generator generates electricity.

When the supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system works, the organic working medium enters the organic working medium circulating pump to be boosted to working pressure, then enters the first channel (cold end) of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger and enters S-CO of the second channel (hot end) of the organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger₂After turbine exhaust is heated and evaporated to high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas enters an organic working medium turbine to do work and drive an organic working medium generator to generate electricity; the organic working medium after acting is subjected to neutralization with S-CO when passing through a fifth channel of the organic working medium reheating heat exchanger₂S-CO output by precompressor₂And after heat exchange is carried out and the temperature is increased, the organic working medium enters an organic working medium turbine II to do work again for power generation, then the organic working medium condenser is cooled by LNG, and the organic working medium enters an organic working medium circulating pump again for next circulation.

During the circulation of the organic working medium, S-CO₂Into S-CO₂After the precompressor performs precompression cooling, the organic working medium enters a sixth channel and a fifth channel of the organic working medium reheating heat exchanger for heat exchange, temperature reduction and cooling, and then the organic working medium enters S-CO₂The gas compressor is boosted to working pressure and then enters S-CO₂The third channel (cold end) of the regenerator, through which it passes into the S-CO₂S-CO of the fourth pass (hot end) of the regenerator₂The turbine exhausts and carries out regenerative heating; regenerative heated S-CO₂Into S-CO₂Heating to working temperature by a heat source heater, and then enteringS-CO₂Turbine expansion work and drive S-CO₂The generator generates electricity; S-CO after work₂Into S-CO₂The fourth channel (hot end) of the regenerator is passed through S-CO₂S-CO of third channel (cold end) of regenerator₂The organic working medium entering the first channel (cold end) of the organic working medium evaporation heat exchanger after being cooled by LNG is cooled to S-CO₂The working temperature of the compressor is then S-CO₂The compressor performs the next cycle.

In the scheme, S-CO is utilized₂The circulating working medium of the cold energy power generation system is heated by the waste heat of the circulating exhaust gas, thereby ensuring that S-CO₂The inlet temperature of the circulating compressor is increased, the temperature of the circulating working medium of the cold energy power generation system is increased, the temperature difference between a heat source and a cold source of the cold energy power generation system is increased, and the circulating efficiency of the cold energy power generation system is improved. Meanwhile, the circulating working medium of the cold energy power generation system cooled by the LNG is used as S-CO₂Cold source of the circulating system can be saved, and S-CO can be omitted₂The arrangement of the original precooler of the circulating system reduces the construction cost of the system.

And the organic working medium reheating heat exchanger is arranged to heat the organic working medium output by the organic working medium turbine and then used for the turbine to do work, so that the cycle efficiency and the energy utilization can be further improved.

The application also provides a supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation method which is based on the supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system; the LNG cold energy power generation method comprises the following steps:

regenerative heated S-CO₂Into S-CO₂Heating to working temperature by a heat source heater, and then introducing S-CO₂Turbine expansion work and drive S-CO₂The generator generates electricity;

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings referred to in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide coupled LNG cold energy power generation system in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 1-organic working medium condenser; 2-organic working medium circulating pump; 3-organic working medium evaporating heat exchanger; 4-an organic working medium turbine; 5-organic working medium reheating heat exchanger; 6-organic working medium turbine II; 7-S-CO₂A turbine; 8-S-CO₂A heat regenerator; 9-S-CO₂A gas precompression machine; 10-S-CO₂A compressor; 11-S-CO₂A heat source heater; 21-a first channel; 22-a second channel; 23-a third channel; 24-a fourth channel; 25-a fifth channel; 26-a sixth channel; l1-organic working medium circulation loop; L2-S-CO₂A circulation loop; 30-a generator.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used, the terms are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description of the present invention are only used for distinguishing between the descriptions and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like when used in the description of the present invention do not require that the components be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

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