阅读说明：本技术 一种基于气象无人机的气象探测系统 (Meteorological detection system based on meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle ) 是由 张聪 胡鹏飞 张家淦 于 2019-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于气象无人机的气象探测系统,属于气象探测领域,该系统包括无人机本体、地面支持系统、机载信号传输系统、机载动力系统、机载飞行控制系统及机载大气测量系统。本发明优异的气动外形,让它既可用于民用特殊区域长期气象监测,龙卷风等危险环境近距探测,亦可用于军事气象领域侦查,避免了有人驾驶高风险作业。本发明穿越台风所到之处测得的风场,温度,湿度,气压等探测数据,对于台风内部中尺度结构特征的认识,台风的业务定位和定强及路径和强度预报能力的提高发挥重要作用。本发明具有机动灵活,经济实用,大区域,长时间,连续气象探测能力,在航天器发射与返回,重要武器试验,战场气象测量应用中具有独特的作用和优势。(The invention discloses a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle, and belongs to the field of meteorological detection. The invention has excellent pneumatic appearance, can be used for long-term meteorological monitoring in civil special areas and short-range detection of dangerous environments such as tornadoes and the like, can also be used for detection in the field of military meteorological, and avoids high-risk operation of people driving. The invention has important functions of recognizing the mesoscale structural features in the typhoon, positioning and strengthening the typhoon business and improving the forecasting capability of the path and the strength by detecting the wind field, the temperature, the humidity, the air pressure and the like which are measured by crossing the positions where the typhoons arrive. The invention has the advantages of flexibility, economy, practicability, large area, long-time and continuous meteorological detection capability, and has unique function and advantage in spacecraft launching and returning, important weapon tests and battlefield meteorological measurement application.)

1. The utility model provides a meteorological detection system based on meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle which characterized in that includes: the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a ground support system, an airborne signal transmission system, an airborne power system, an airborne flight control system and an airborne atmosphere measurement system;

the airborne signal transmission system, the airborne power system, the airborne flight control system and the airborne atmosphere measurement system are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body; the airborne signal transmission system is respectively connected with the airborne power system, the airborne flight control system and the airborne atmosphere measurement system; the airborne signal transmission system is connected with the ground support system in a wireless communication mode;

the airborne power system is used for providing power for the unmanned aerial vehicle;

the airborne flight control system is used for controlling the attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle so as to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle flies according to a preset air route;

the airborne atmosphere measuring system is used for measuring meteorological parameters so as to forecast typhoon intensity and path;

the airborne signal transmission system is used for communication between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground support system, timely transmits the meteorological parameters obtained by the unmanned aerial vehicle back to the ground support system, and receives the control instruction of the ground support system in real time;

and the ground support system is used for sending the control command and receiving the meteorological parameters to forecast the typhoon intensity and the path.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the drone body comprises: the device comprises a body, wings, a tail wing, a carbon tube, a steering engine fairing and blades;

wherein the wing is disposed on top of the fuselage; the tail wing is connected with the pair of steering engine fairing through the carbon tube, and the steering engine fairing is connected with the lower surface of the wing; the paddle is arranged at the rear end of the fuselage.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the ground support system comprises: the system comprises a radio signal receiving and transmitting device, a signal conditioner and a ground station;

the signal conditioner is respectively connected with the radio signal receiving and transmitting device and the ground station;

the signal conditioner comprises an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) analog-to-digital module and a DAC (digital-to-analog converter) analog-to-digital module, wherein the ADC analog-to-digital module is used for converting a control instruction in an analog quantity form into a digital signal for being transmitted by the radio signal receiving and transmitting device;

the DAC digital-to-analog module is used for converting the meteorological parameters in the form of digital quantity received from the radio signal transceiver into analog quantity and transmitting the analog quantity to the ground station, so that ground researchers can forecast typhoon intensity and paths according to the meteorological parameters;

the radio signal transceiving device is used for transceiving radio signals;

and the ground station is used for receiving meteorological parameters sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle and monitoring and controlling the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the onboard power system comprises: the system comprises an engine, an internal oil tank, a generator and a lithium battery;

wherein the engine is disposed aft of the fuselage interior cavity; the internal oil tank is arranged in front of the engine and is positioned in the middle of the inner cavity of the engine body; the generator is respectively connected with the lithium battery and the engine.

5. The system of claim 3, wherein the on-board signal transmission system comprises: the system comprises a GPRS data transmission module, an image processing module, an image transmission module, a camera and an OSD module;

the camera is arranged at the front end of the body and connected with the OSD module; the OSD module is connected with the image processing module; the image processing module is connected with the image transmission module, the image transmission module is connected with the ground station, and the GPRS data transmission module is connected with the ground station in a wireless communication mode;

the camera is used for acquiring images; the OSD module is used for displaying the image data shot by the camera; the image processing module is used for processing images shot by the camera; the image transmission module is used for transmitting the image data processed by the image processing module to the ground station; and the GPRS data transmission module is used for transmitting the measured atmospheric parameters to the ground.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the airborne atmosphere measurement system comprises: the system comprises a temperature-humidity-pressure mixing measurement module, a wind field measurement module, a signal conditioner, a single chip microcomputer and a serial port expansion circuit;

the temperature, humidity and pressure mixed measurement modules are respectively arranged in a set at the left and right below the wings, and the front bottom of the inner cabin of the airplane body is provided with a set; the wind field measurement module is positioned at the foremost end of the wing, the temperature-humidity-pressure mixed measurement module and the wind field measurement module are connected with the single chip microcomputer through the signal conditioner, and the single chip microcomputer is connected with the GPRS data transmission module through the serial port expansion circuit;

the temperature, humidity and pressure mixed measuring module is used for measuring the temperature, humidity and air pressure in the typhoon; the wind field measuring module is used for measuring wind speed; the signal conditioner is used for converting the data measured by the temperature, humidity and pressure mixing measurement module and the wind field measurement module into digital signals from analog signals; and the singlechip is used for controlling signal transmission.

7. The system of claim 5, wherein the onboard flight control system comprises: the system comprises a receiver, a flight control board and a functional module;

wherein the receiver is connected with the flight control panel; the flight control board is connected with the GPRS data transmission module; the functional module is connected with the flight control panel; the receiver is connected with the radio signal transmitting device in a wireless communication mode;

the receiver is used for receiving the control instruction transmitted by the radio signal transmitting device; the flight control panel is used for operating a preset flight control program or controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle attitude air route according to a control instruction received by the receiver; the functional module is used for obtaining the height, the course and the coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle so as to enable the flight control panel to be used for flight control.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of meteorological detection, relates to the field of aviation, and particularly relates to a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle.

Background

When the prediction of the typhoon intensity is slow, the internal structural characteristics of the typhoon cannot be obtained through a meteorological satellite.

The detection of high-altitude wind has very important significance for knowing the motion condition of the atmosphere, and is an important means for researching global climate change and accurately forecasting the weather, and the existing high-altitude wind measuring method mainly comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of measuring wind by an air sphere method, measuring wind by a wind profile radar and detecting a manned aircraft, wherein the air sphere method is used for researching the change condition of an air wind field, acquiring all wind field information from the ground to the high altitude, and has the highest detection precision and detection height, but higher measurement cost and small detection area range; the wind profile radar is used for researching the wind field condition of a certain area at a specific height, has high detection precision and is easily influenced by the weather condition; the manned aircraft has higher typhoon detection risk and cost, and can not continuously detect for a long time, and most countries do not select the manned aircraft for detection and only depend on meteorological satellites.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the technical problems of high measurement cost, high risk and the like of the conventional high-altitude wind measurement method are solved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a weather detection system based on a weather unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising: the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a ground support system, an airborne signal transmission system, an airborne power system, an airborne flight control system and an airborne atmosphere measurement system;

the airborne signal transmission system, the airborne power system, the airborne flight control system and the airborne atmosphere measurement system are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body; the airborne signal transmission system is respectively connected with the airborne power system, the airborne flight control system and the airborne atmosphere measurement system; the airborne signal transmission system is connected with the ground support system in a wireless communication mode;

the airborne power system is used for providing power for the unmanned aerial vehicle;

the airborne flight control system is used for controlling the attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle so as to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle flies according to a preset air route;

the airborne atmosphere measuring system is used for measuring meteorological parameters so as to forecast typhoon intensity and path;

the airborne signal transmission system is used for communication between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground support system, timely transmits the meteorological parameters obtained by the unmanned aerial vehicle back to the ground support system, and receives the control instruction of the ground support system in real time;

and the ground support system is used for sending the control command and receiving the meteorological parameters to forecast the typhoon intensity and the path.

Preferably, the drone body comprises: the device comprises a body, wings, a tail wing, a carbon tube, a steering engine fairing and blades;

wherein the wing is disposed on top of the fuselage; the tail wing is connected with the pair of steering engine fairing through the carbon tube, and the steering engine fairing is connected with the lower surface of the wing; the paddle is arranged at the rear end of the fuselage.

Preferably, the ground support system comprises: the system comprises a radio signal receiving and transmitting device, a signal conditioner and a ground station;

the signal conditioner is respectively connected with the radio signal receiving and transmitting device and the ground station;

the signal conditioner comprises an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) analog-to-digital module and a DAC (digital-to-analog converter) analog-to-digital module, wherein the ADC analog-to-digital module is used for converting a control instruction in an analog quantity form into a digital signal for being transmitted by the radio signal receiving and transmitting device;

the DAC digital-to-analog module is used for converting the meteorological parameters in the form of digital quantity received from the radio signal transceiver into analog quantity and transmitting the analog quantity to the ground station, so that ground researchers can forecast typhoon intensity and paths according to the meteorological parameters;

the radio signal transceiving device is used for transceiving radio signals;

and the ground station is used for receiving meteorological parameters sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle and monitoring and controlling the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Preferably, the onboard power system comprises: the system comprises an engine, an internal oil tank, a generator and a lithium battery;

wherein the engine is disposed aft of the fuselage interior cavity; the internal oil tank is arranged in front of the engine and is positioned in the middle of the inner cavity of the engine body; the generator is respectively connected with the lithium battery and the engine.

Preferably, the airborne signal transmission system includes: the system comprises a GPRS data transmission module, an image processing module, an image transmission module, a camera and an OSD module;

the camera is arranged at the front end of the body and connected with the OSD module; the OSD module is connected with the image processing module; the image processing module is connected with the image transmission module, the image transmission module is connected with the ground station, and the GPRS data transmission module is connected with the ground station in a wireless communication mode;

the camera is used for acquiring images; the OSD module is used for displaying the image data shot by the camera; the image processing module is used for processing images shot by the camera; the image transmission module is used for transmitting the image data processed by the image processing module to the ground station; and the GPRS data transmission module is used for transmitting the measured atmospheric parameters to the ground.

Preferably, the airborne atmosphere measurement system comprises: the system comprises a temperature-humidity-pressure mixing measurement module, a wind field measurement module, a signal conditioner, a single chip microcomputer and a serial port expansion circuit;

the temperature, humidity and pressure mixed measurement modules are respectively arranged in a set at the left and right below the wings, and the front bottom of the inner cabin of the airplane body is provided with a set; the wind field measurement module is positioned at the foremost end of the wing, the temperature-humidity-pressure mixed measurement module and the wind field measurement module are connected with the single chip microcomputer through the signal conditioner, and the single chip microcomputer is connected with the GPRS data transmission module through the serial port expansion circuit;

the temperature, humidity and pressure mixed measuring module is used for measuring the temperature, humidity and air pressure in the typhoon; the wind field measuring module is used for measuring wind speed; the signal conditioner is used for converting the data measured by the temperature, humidity and pressure mixing measurement module and the wind field measurement module into digital signals from analog signals; and the singlechip is used for controlling signal transmission.

Preferably, the onboard flight control system comprises: the system comprises a receiver, a flight control board and a functional module;

wherein the receiver is connected with the flight control panel; the flight control board is connected with the GPRS data transmission module; the functional module is connected with the flight control panel; the receiver is connected with the radio signal transmitting device in a wireless communication mode;

the receiver is used for receiving the control instruction transmitted by the radio signal transmitting device; the flight control panel is used for operating a preset flight control program or controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle attitude air route according to a control instruction received by the receiver; the functional module is used for obtaining the height, the course and the coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle so as to enable the flight control panel to be used for flight control.

In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, through the cooperation of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the ground support system, the airborne signal transmission system, the airborne power system, the airborne flight control system and the airborne atmosphere measurement system, the measurement of temperature, humidity and pressure and wind field data can be completed in severe weather such as typhoon. The typhoon detection system has obvious positive significance for improving the understanding of meteorological researchers in China on mesoscale structural features in typhoons, service positioning and strength determination of typhoons, path and strength forecasting capability, and has unique functions and advantages in spacecraft launching and returning, important weapon tests and battlefield meteorological measurement application.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle of a weather detection system based on a weather unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground support system of a weather detection system based on a weather unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an onboard power system of a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal transmission system of a weather detection system based on a weather unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an airborne atmosphere measurement system of a weather detection system based on a weather unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a flight control system of a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological drone, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The invention provides a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle, which can detect atmospheric parameters and particularly form powerful supplement to meteorological satellites in severe weather such as typhoon.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a weather detection system based on a weather drone, which includes: the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body 1, a ground support system 2, an airborne signal transmission system 3, an airborne power system 4, an airborne flight control system 5 and an airborne atmosphere measurement system 6;

the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body 1, an airborne signal transmission system 3, an airborne power system 4, an airborne flight control system 5 and an airborne atmosphere measurement system 6, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 is provided with the airborne signal transmission system; the airborne signal transmission system 3 is respectively connected with an airborne power system 4, an airborne flight control system 5 and an airborne atmosphere measurement system 6; the airborne signal transmission system 3 is connected with the ground support system 2 in a wireless communication mode;

the airborne signal transmission system 3 is used for communicating the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground station, returning detection data in time and receiving a ground control command in real time;

the airborne power system 4 is used for providing power for the unmanned aerial vehicle;

the airborne flight control system 5 is used for controlling the attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle and ensuring that the unmanned aerial vehicle flies according to a preset air route;

the airborne atmosphere measuring system 6 is used for measuring meteorological parameters and forecasting typhoon intensity and paths;

and the ground support system 2 is used for sending a control command, monitoring the working state of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and receiving meteorological parameters to forecast the typhoon intensity and the path.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an unmanned aerial vehicle body of a weather detection system based on a weather unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the unmanned aerial vehicle body 1 includes: the airplane body 101, 4415 airfoil wings 102, 0012 airfoil reverse V-shaped empennage 103, carbon tubes 104, a steering engine fairing 105 and blades 106;

wherein the wings 102 are arranged on top of the fuselage 101; the inverted V-shaped empennage 103 is connected with a pair of steering engine fairings 105 through carbon tubes 104, and the steering engine fairings 105 are connected with the lower surface of the wing 102; the paddle 106 is disposed at the rear end of the fuselage 101.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a ground support system of a weather detection system based on a weather drone, according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the ground support system 2 includes: a radio signal transceiver 201, a signal conditioner 202 and a ground station 203;

wherein, the signal conditioner 202 is respectively connected with the radio signal transceiver 201 and the ground station 203;

the signal conditioner 202 comprises an ADC analog-to-digital conversion module and a DAC digital-to-analog conversion module, wherein the ADC analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the control instruction in the form of analog quantity into a digital signal for the radio signal transceiver 201 to transmit;

the DAC digital-to-analog module is used for converting the meteorological parameters in the form of digital quantity received from the radio signal transceiver 201 into analog quantity and transmitting the analog quantity to the ground station 203, so that ground researchers can forecast typhoon intensity and paths according to the meteorological parameters;

a radio signal transceiving means 201 for transceiving a radio signal;

and the ground station 203 is used for receiving meteorological parameters sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle and monitoring and controlling the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an onboard power system of a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the onboard power system 4 includes: an engine 401, an internal fuel tank 403, a generator 407, and a lithium battery 408;

wherein, the engine 401 is arranged at the rear part of the inner cavity of the fuselage 101; the internal oil tank 403 is arranged in front of the engine and is positioned in the middle of the inner cavity of the engine body; the generator 407 is connected to the lithium battery 408 and the engine 401, respectively.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal transmission system of a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological drone, provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the airborne signal transmission system 3 includes: a GPRS data transmission module 301, an image processing module 302, an image transmission module 303, a camera 304, and an OSD module 305;

the camera 304 is arranged at the front end of the body 101 and connected with the OSD module 305; the OSD module 305 is connected to the image processing module 302; the image processing module 302 is connected with the image transmission module 303; the image transmission module 303 is connected with the ground station 203, and the GPRS data transmission module 301 is connected with the ground station 203 in a wireless communication mode;

a GPRS data transmission module 301, configured to transmit the measured atmospheric parameter to the ground station 203;

an image processing module 302, configured to process an image captured by a camera;

an image transmission module 303, configured to transmit the image data processed by the image processing module 302 to the ground station 203;

a camera 304 for acquiring images;

the OSD module 305 is configured to display image data captured by the camera.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an airborne atmosphere measurement system of a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the airborne atmosphere measurement system 6 includes: a temperature-humidity-pressure mixed measurement module 601, a wind field measurement module 602, a signal conditioner 603, a single chip computer 604 and a serial port expansion circuit 605;

the temperature and humidity pressure mixed measurement module 601 can adopt RSS901 components of Vaisala company to complete tasks, one set is respectively arranged at the left and right of the lower part of the wing 102, and one set is arranged at the front bottom of the inner cabin of the fuselage 101; the wind field measurement module 602 is an airspeed meter at the foremost end of the wing 102, the temperature-humidity-pressure mixed measurement module 601 and the wind field measurement module 602 are connected with the single chip microcomputer 604 through the signal conditioner 603, and the single chip microcomputer 604 is connected with the GPRS data transmission module 301 through the serial port expansion circuit 605;

the temperature-humidity-pressure mixed measurement module 601 is used for measuring the temperature, humidity and air pressure in the typhoon;

a wind field measurement module 602 for measuring wind speed;

a signal conditioner 603 for converting the measured data from analog signals to digital signals;

and the singlechip 604 is used for controlling signal transmission.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a flight control system of a meteorological detection system based on a meteorological drone, where the airborne flight control system 5 includes: a receiver 501, a flight control board 502 and a functional module 503;

the receiver 501 is connected with the flight control panel 502; the flight control board 502 is connected with the GPRS data transmission module 301; the functional module 503 is connected with the flight control board 502; the receiver 501 is connected with the radio signal transmitting device 201 in a wireless communication mode;

a receiver 501 for receiving a signal;

a flight control panel 502 for running a flight control program or controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle attitude route according to a control instruction;

and the function module 503 is configured to obtain the height, the heading, and the coordinates of the unmanned aerial vehicle for flight control.

In this embodiment of the present invention, the functional module 503 may include: airspeed meter 504, compass 505, GPS506, accelerometer 507, magnetometer 508, optical flow module 509, ultrasonic module 510, pressure sensor 511, and the like. Modules not shown in embodiments of the invention may also be included.

It should be noted that, according to the implementation requirement, each step/component described in the present application can be divided into more steps/components, and two or more steps/components or partial operations of the steps/components can be combined into new steps/components to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.