Volumetric real-time flow engine
阅读说明:本技术 容积式实时流引擎 (Volumetric real-time flow engine ) 是由 班诺特·比尤多因 塞缪尔·热尔韦 马克西姆·阿瓦纳 于 2018-03-05 设计创作,主要内容包括:容积式实时流引擎,使用模拟水位检测技术确定进入废水泵站的实时流量的方法和系统。精确水位生成装置机制为用于计算水位之间的体积的每个水位从多个读数提供精确的平均值。利用两个连续水位,使用精确流量计算装置计算它们之间的体积以及从一个水位移动到另一个水位所花费的时间。实时流入量计算装置添加有关泵运行和溢流事件的结果,它们是水离开泵站的方式。当水位接近泵启动或停止时,或者发生异常事件时,预测异常事件调节装置用一个更稳定和可能的值(即,最后计算出的值加上它随时间的变化)取代非常可能异常的实时流入结果。(A positive displacement real-time flow engine, a method and system for determining real-time flow into a wastewater pumping station using a simulated water level detection technique. The precise level generation mechanism provides a precise average from multiple readings for each level used to calculate the volume between levels. With two successive water levels, the volume between them and the time it takes to move from one level to the other is calculated using a precision flow calculation device. The real-time inflow calculation means adds the result of pump-off operations and overflow events, which are the way water leaves the pumping station. When the water level approaches the pump start or stop, or an abnormal event occurs, the predictive abnormal event regulator replaces the very likely abnormal real-time inflow result with a more stable and likely value (i.e., the last calculated value plus its change over time).)
1. A method for determining a real time instantaneous volume inflow (510) into a waste pumping station, the method comprising the steps of:
a) receiving, at the precise water level generating device (300), a water level value from a water level sensor (302);
b) receiving a time value from a clock (304);
c) receiving a sampling period (308);
d) receiving a pump status (306);
e) receiving a periodic frequency (310);
f) associating the water level value (302) with the time value (304) to generate a time-stamped water level value (312);
g) storing the time-stamped water level value (312) in an original water level store (314);
h) performing an averaging equation (318) on the time-stamped water bit value (312) to generate a time-stamped averaged result if the end of the sampling period (308) is detected by a switch (316), otherwise repeating steps a) and b);
i) if it is detected by the switch (320) that the time-stamped average result is from the first set of data, storing the time-stamped average result in a precision watermark store (322) and naming the time-stamped average result as precision watermark 1;
j) storing, by a recorder (324), a pump status (306) in the precision water level store (322);
k) -erasing the raw level reservoir (314) by function (326);
l) repeating steps a) to k) if there is an end of the periodic frequency (310) detected by a timing function (328);
m) if the data detected in the precise level reservoir (322) by the switch (320) is not the first set of data, naming the detected data as precise level 2 by a function (330) and storing the precise level 2 in the precise level reservoir (322);
n) transmitting the accurate water level 1(338), the accurate water level 2(340), the time of water level 1 (342), the time of water level 2 (344), and the pump status (346) to an accurate flow rate generating means (400);
o) erasing the precise water level 1 by function (334);
p) renaming the accurate water level 2 as the accurate water level 1 and repeating the step k);
q) receiving the precise water level 1(338), the precise water level 2(340), the time of the water level 1 (342), the time of the water level 2 (344) and the pump status (346), and the area of the well (404) and the pump flow rate (412) from the precise water level generating apparatus (300) at the precise flow rate generating apparatus (400);
r) calculating the difference in volume Δ V (402) by the following equation:
Δ V ═ area of (accurate water level 2-accurate water level 1) × well
s) if the pump status (346) is off, then calculate the flow rate using equation (408):
precise flow delta volume/(time of water level 2-time of water level 1)
t) if the pump status (346) is on, then calculate the flow using equation (410):
precise flow rate ═ pump flow rate × (time of water level 2-time of water level 1) + Δ volume ]/(time of water level 2-time of water level 1)
u) transmitting the calculated flow rate (414) to a real-time inflow calculation device (500);
v) receiving, at the real-time inflow calculation device (500), the calculated flow (414) from the precise flow generation device (400), and the pump flow (412) and overflow (506);
w) calculating the well flow rate (502) using the formula Δ V/Δ T;
x) calculating the outflow (504) from the calculated pump flow (412) + the overflow (506); and
y) calculating the instant inflow (510) using the equation (508) well flow (502) + outflow (504), thereby generating the instant inflow (510) in real time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the water level sensor detecting the water level value (302) is an analog sensor.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
a1) receiving the immediate inflow (510) at a predicted exceptional condition adjusting means (600);
a2) receiving a maximum flow value (604), a minimum flow value (606), a start water level value (610), and a stop water level value (612) at the predicted exceptional condition adjusting means (600);
a3) detecting, by a switch (608), whether the precision water level 2(340) is almost equal to a start water level (610) or a stop water level (612) if the instantaneous inflow (510) is detected by the switch (602) to be between the maximum flow value (604) and the minimum flow value (606);
a4) if the precise level 2(340) is not nearly equal to the start level (610) or the stop level (612), then calculating the real-time flow (616) by the formula of averaging (615); and
a5) the real-time flow (616) is equal to the calculated last effective real-time flow (614) if it is detected by the switch (602) that the instantaneous inflow (510) is above the maximum flow value (604) or below the minimum flow value (606).
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising the steps of:
bl) receiving at a conditional repeating means (700) the cycle frequency (310), the start water level value (610), the stop water level value (612), the pump status (346), the precise water level 1(338), the precise water level 2(340) and a maximum water level variation (710);
b2) repeating steps a) to q) if it is detected by the switch (702) that the time has reached the end of the cycle frequency;
b3) detecting, by a detector (704), whether a start level (610) or a stop level (612) has been reached, if it is detected by the switch (702) that the time has not reached the end of the periodic frequency;
b4) repeating steps a) to q if it is detected by the switch (704) that either a start level (610) or a stop level (612) is reached;
b5) repeating steps a) through q) if a change in the pump status (346) is detected by a switch (706);
b6) detecting a change (delta level) between a precise level 1(338) and a precise level 2(340) if no change in the pump status (346) is detected by the switch (706); and
b7) if said change (delta level) between a precise level 1(338) and a precise level 2(340) is higher than said maximum level change (710), repeating steps a) to q).
5. A system for determining real-time instantaneous inflow (510) into a waste pumping station, comprising:
a precision water level generating apparatus (300) comprising a processor executing instructions that, when executed, are configured to perform the steps a) to q) defined in claim 1;
a precise flow generating device (400) comprising a processor executing instructions that, when executed, are configured to perform the steps r) to v) defined in claim 1; and
real-time inflow calculation apparatus (500) comprising a processor executing instructions which, when executed, are configured to perform the steps w) to z) as defined in claim 1.
6. The system of claim 5, further comprising:
predictive exceptional adjustment device (600) comprising a processor executing instructions which, when executed, are configured to perform the steps a1) to a5) as defined in claim 3.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising:
conditional repeat apparatus (700) comprising a processor executing instructions which, when executed, are configured to perform the steps b1) to b7) as defined in claim 4.
8. A method of selecting a pump from a plurality of pumps having different flow capacities for pumping water from a wastewater pump station, the method comprising the steps of:
a. receiving inflow data (902) including a flow rate of water into the waste pumping station;
b. receiving pump flow data (904) including a flow rate for each of the plurality of pumps;
c. receiving energy consumption data for each pump of the plurality of pumps (906);
d. calculating an efficiency (908) for each of the plurality of pumps by dividing the pump flow data (904) for each of the plurality of pumps by their respective energy consumption data (904);
e. selecting a most efficient pump (908) among the plurality of pumps having a pump flow rate (910) higher than the inflow amount (902) if it is determined by the switcher (910) that the inflow amount (902) is lower than a pump flow rate (910) of a currently operating pump; and
f. selecting a most efficient pump (980) if it is determined by the switch (910) that the inflow (902) is higher than a pump flow (910) of a currently operating pump.
9. A system for selecting a pump from a plurality of pumps having different flow capacities for pumping water from a wastewater pump station, the system comprising: an efficiency pump selection device (900) comprising a processor executing instructions that, when executed, are configured to perform the steps a) to f) defined in claim 8.
10. The system of claim 9, further comprising a timer for cycling a currently operating pump.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a real-time flow meter for e.g. a waste pumping station and a pump management system.
Background
The waste pump station has a well into which the waste water is fed from a pipeline and pumped by one or more pumps. In a pump station equipped with a constant speed pump, the pump is started and stopped at a predetermined level using analog and digital level detection techniques, forming a fill cycle and a pumping cycle. Ideally, the distance between these water levels should be maximized in order to minimize wear of the pump caused by pump activation stresses. The volumetric flow meter uses these predetermined water levels and the volume of water between them to generate an average flow rate over the time it takes to move from one water level to the next. This means that the flow can only be calculated when a known water level is reached, which may take several seconds to hours. Thus, the value generated by the positive displacement meter is always the average of the old data.
Products such as pump station flow meters are well known in the patented art, such as the following U.S. patent nos.: inventor Martin 4,127,030, Jorristma's 4,455,870, 4,669,308 and 4,821,580, Olson's 4,467,657, Free et al 4,897,797, Hon's 4,856,343, Adney's 4,962,666, Marsh et al 5,313,842 and 5,385,056, Beaudo's 5,597,960, 5,831,174, 6,990,431 and 2004/0260514, Saukko's 8,740,574 and 2011/0076163, and Duncan et al 8,956,125, 9,464,925 and 2009/0202359. All of these patent documents use water level measurements in some way to calculate volume for a volumetric flow meter or for work load efficiency. They all assume that the water level used in their formula, method, process or apparatus represents an exact water level, with no error coefficients that may exist. Some of these patents analyze the resulting flow by comparing it to other flow results, but none of them do so at the start of the process by analyzing the original water level value used to calculate the flow results. None of them mention the accuracy of the water level measurements used to calculate their flow rate or the errors caused by the fluctuations of these water level measurements, and therefore none of the previous inventions describe a device capable of significantly increasing the accuracy of the water level measurements enough to increase the flow rate calculated by the aforementioned inventions.
The volumetric flow technique is popular because it is simple and inexpensive to install and use, but its accuracy fluctuates greatly because it is proportional to the distance between the water levels. The operation of the pump is based on the signal received from the water level detection device. The water level detection device generates a signal when it is considered that a predetermined water level is reached. In fact, the size of the waves on the water surface in the well greatly affects the signal. The top of the wave will trigger the start of the pump before the average surface of the water reaches a predetermined start level; the bottom of the wave will trigger the stop of the pump before the average surface of the water reaches a predetermined stop level. Thus, the accuracy of a positive displacement flow meter is determined by the following equation:
flow rate accuracy error-instantaneous water level accuracy/distance between water levels used to calculate flow rate
If the wave is 1/2 inches and the distance between the water levels at which the pump starts or stops is 20 inches, the flow accuracy error is 2.5% (0.5/20). If the wave is 1/2 inches and the distance between the water levels is 2 inches, the flow accuracy error is 25% (0.5/2). Reducing the distance between the levels used for the flows in the calculation station greatly increases the calculated flow error, adding to it to become meaningless. In the above example, if the accuracy of the water level used in the flow calculation is 0.05 inches, then the accuracy of a flow meter that calculates 2 inches between water levels would be 2.5% (0.05/2). Therefore, there is a need in the art for a method that reduces the error associated with the water level value used in the volumetric flow calculation.
There are a variety of flow technologies that can generate real-time flow at a pump station, but only the following are mature enough to work properly in wastewater for long periods of time: magnetic channels, ultrasonic channels, and open channels. A problem with these techniques and their various variants is their purchase and installation costs, which are very high when physical constraints allow them to be installed. This is why most waste pumping stations do not employ any real-time flow technology.
Averaging formulas and statistical formulas have been used to average multiple values to improve the output of some water level detection techniques, but it has never been used with time-stamped values to obtain the most likely water level generated by any water level detection technique at a particular time.
Real-time traffic means that a traffic value is generated which is technically as close as possible to its time of use. To get closer to the "real-time" value, the distance between the water levels at which the pump operates is divided into a number of smaller intermediate water levels, so that a number of volumetric flow calculations can be performed during each cycle. Performing this operation using multiple floating switches or electrodes set to a particular water level, or even an analog water level detection device, has its own problems:
first, if the water level stays between two known water levels for a long time, even if they are small, the calculated flow rate is still the average of the old data. The solution to this problem is to use a timer instead of, or in addition to, the preset level. This ensures that the values generated by the volumetric flow meter are fresh enough to be referred to as "real-time".
Second, as previously mentioned, the accuracy of the real-time flow value is inversely proportional to the distance between the water levels used to calculate the flow.
Similar problems can occur with other types of sensors, such as pressure-based water level sensors. The pressure values are affected by the abnormal behavior of the sewage and debris falling into the well or the pump itself. This means that the instantaneous value of the sensor may not represent the actual mean surface water level, which may cause considerable errors in the results. The same kind of error is also generated by bouncing radio waves for ultrasonic water level sensors, and therefore the same averaging mechanism is also required to improve accuracy.
Therefore, there is a need for a method and system for accurately calculating real-time instantaneous volumetric flow into a waste pumping station.
Another common problem in the field of waste pumping stations relates to the management of pumps. Waste pumping stations equipped with constant speed pumps with different maximum flow rates use different schemes to operate the pumps. The most common sequence of operation is to even out the number of alternate starts between the pumps in order to wear them evenly. When the flow rate of the pump in operation is lower than the flow rate of the water entering the pump station, one or more pumps are additionally started and operated until the water level is lowered to the normal operation water level. Running multiple pumps at once is very inefficient, for example, running two pumps at a time requires 100% more energy than running one pump at a time, but only 50% more water is pumped. Furthermore, since different pumps operate at different flow rates, their operating times can vary greatly even though the number of pump starts can be the same. This results in different wear rates of the pump.
Another less frequently used pump management method is based on alternating according to the time of day, deciding which pump to activate. For example, multiple pumps may be programmed to switch at noon, midnight, or at different times of the day. However, by using this method, the number of times each pump is started and the operation time of each pump varies depending on its operation flow rate. This method is therefore inefficient and also results in different wear rates of the pump.
Therefore, there is a need for a pump management method that improves efficiency by attempting to balance the number of starts and runs of each pump, and by minimizing the number of times multiple pumps must run simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention describes a process for generating flow into a waste pumping station in real time using simulated water level detection techniques that may have been installed in order to operate the pump. The present invention proposes to solve this problem by providing an accurate average from a plurality of readings for each level used to calculate the volume between these levels using an accurate level generation mechanism. The averaging algorithm may use simple averaging, normal curves, regression, descriptive analysis, inferential or inductive analysis, correlation, percentile ranking, or other methods to generate an average, such as an average of averages or a mixture of averaging formulas. With two successive water levels, the volume between them and the time it takes to move from one level to the other is calculated using a precision flow calculation device. The real-time inflow calculation means adds the result of pump-off operations and overflow events, which are the way water leaves the pumping station. When the water level approaches the pump start or stop, or an abnormal event occurs, such as the water level dropping without the pump running, or the result is too high or too low to be physically possible, the predictive abnormal event regulator replaces the very likely abnormal real-time inflow result with a more stable and likely value (i.e., the last calculated value plus its change over time). The real-time inflow value is then released and the process is immediately repeated.
The invention also describes a method for selecting a pump from a plurality of pumps having different flow capacities for pumping water from a waste water pump station, and a system for performing such a method. According to the method, a pump selection device receives inflow data detailing a flow of water into a waste pumping station, pump flow data detailing a flow of each of a plurality of pumps, and energy consumption data for each pump. The pump selection device calculates the efficiency of each pump by dividing each pump flow data by the corresponding energy consumption data. The switch then determines whether the flow of water into the waste pumping station is less than the pump flow of the currently operating pump. If the answer is "no," the pump selection means selects the most efficient pump from the available pumps having a flow rate higher than the flow rate of water entering the waste pumping station. However, if the answer is "yes", the pump selection means simply selects the most efficient pump.
Drawings
Some embodiments of the invention are shown by way of example and not limitation in the figures. Like reference symbols in the various drawings may indicate like elements, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective cutaway view of a known waste pump station;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram generally illustrating a set of components of an illustrative embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a precise water level generating apparatus according to an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a precision flow computing device mechanism in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a real-time inflow calculation device in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a predictive exceptional condition adjusting apparatus according to an illustrative embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a repetition mechanism in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an illustration of a known pump operating scheme based on the uniformity of the number of starts of a pump started in a rotation;
FIG. 9 is an illustrative diagram of another known pump operating scheme for priming a pump on a daily or nightly basis;
FIG. 10 is an illustrative diagram of a pump operation scheme based on pump flow in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an illustrative graph of a pump operating scheme based on pump efficiency in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a pump selection mechanism in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
One embodiment of the invention may be used in a waste pump station. Figure 1 shows a perspective cut-away view of a typical pump station. It has a well 100 into which water enters at an unknown flow rate through an
Since it is a volumetric flow calculation, the flow is volume/time, and the accuracy of the resulting flow is directly related to the accuracy of the volume and the accuracy of the time used to perform the formula. In one embodiment of the invention used in a waste water pumping station, the accuracy of the time may be within one second, but for another embodiment an accuracy of 10 seconds may be sufficient, since the event does not occur within minutes, but within hours. The accuracy of the time is therefore dependent on the type of device in which the invention is used.
Referring now to FIG. 2, a flowchart of a system for generating real-time flow values is shown in accordance with an illustrative embodiment of the present invention. The system comprises: the precise water level generating means 300, the precise flow calculating means 400, the real-time inflow amount calculating means 500, the predicted abnormal event adjusting means 600, and the conditional
The precise water
Fig. 3 shows a precision water
A time-stamped
Fig. 4 shows a precision flow generating means 400 which uses the precision water level 1(338) and the precision water level 2(340) generated by the precision water level generating means 300 to calculate the
Some embodiments of calculating the
firstly, a formula table of absolute volume of a specific water level x is generated. If the geometry of the well varies at different water levels, the equation table will have a number of equations depending on the number of different shapes of the well. If the geometry of the entire well is the same, then the table will have only one equation. Each formula in the table has the following variables: a. b, c, d and minLevel.
(1) a, b, c, d are used in the following equations:
volume is a x3+b×x2+c×x+d
(2) minLevel is the water level at its calculated volume.
(3) In most pump stations, the well geometry is constant. In this case, many variables in the equation are not useful, so the equation becomes:
(4) absolute volume is area x water level.
(5) The volume av between the two water levels provided by the precise level generating means is the difference between the two absolute volumes calculated at these water levels.
And secondly, creating a volume table for each possible minimum water level change. Assuming an embodiment where the minimum water level change is 1 millimeter, the table would include as many rows of accumulated volume as there are possible values for the water level.
(1) After selecting the water level in the meter, the water level and the volume below the water level are retracted.
(2) The volume av between the two water levels provided by the precision water level generating means is the difference between the two volumes provided by the meter at these water levels.
(3) A volume table is created for each possible minimum water level change. Assuming this minimum water level variation is 1 mm, the table will include the mm volume at that water level. There are as many rows of volume as there are possible values of water level.
(4) The volume av between the two water levels provided by the precise water level generating means is the sum of all volume values of the table between the two water levels provided.
The
If no pump is running, the following
precise flow delta volume/(time of water level 2-time of water level 1)
If the pump is running, the following
Precise flow rate ═ pump flow rate × (time of water level 2-time of water level 1) + Δ volume ]/(time of water level 2-time of water level 1)
Fig. 5 shows a real-time
Well flow rate Δ V/Δ Τ. The
The outflow rate is the pump flow rate + the overflow rate. The
Instantaneous inflow-well flow + outflow. The
In a pump station, thousands of liters of liquid enter a moving state from a stopped state when the pump is started. Acceleration and deceleration of these thousands of kilograms of liquid does not occur immediately. When a pump is started or stopped, it is assumed that the pump is momentarily providing 100% of its pumping flow or 0% of its normal flow, which is not the case, because its capacity varies greatly during these events. Several conflicting events occur at the same time.
When the pump is started, the acceleration of the water in the outlet pipe is related to the water level in the well, the pressure at the pump outlet, its power and the design of its turbine. During this time, the water level continues to rise, but as the pumping capacity exceeds the flow, the rise in water level gradually slows until it begins to back off.
When the pump is stopped, the deceleration of the water in the outlet pipe 112 (fig. 1) causes a siphon effect, which is related to the outlet pressure, the water hammer mechanism and the overall configuration of the outlet piping system. The siphon effect means that water passes through the pump when the pump is not operating. During this siphon, the water level continues to drop, but as the flow rate of the siphon effect becomes lower than the inflow rate, the water level drops more and more slowly until it begins to rise.
When a soft start mechanism is used, the speed of the pump is accelerated or decelerated as the water in the pipe. The increase in the rate of change of the water level is affected by the conditions described in the first two paragraphs.
The transition period of several seconds is difficult to calculate because of all its variables and may produce erroneous results. Fig. 6 illustrates a predictive abnormal
Even if all mechanisms are used to achieve as high an accuracy as possible, sometimes it is not meaningful to calculate too high or too low a flow and must be corrected. In the predicted abnormal
If the
If the precision level 2 is near (≈) the
If the
Fig. 7 shows a conditional
The
Another common problem in the field of wastewater pumping stations relates to pump management. Waste pumping stations equipped with constant speed pumps with different maximum flows use different schemes to run the pumps. Referring now to FIG. 8, a known common
Still referring to FIG. 8, a
Referring now to FIG. 9, a less common known
Referring now to FIG. 10, an
Referring now to FIG. 11, an
- 上一篇:一种医用注射器针头装配设备
- 下一篇:声振检测装置及竞赛遥控车