阅读说明：本技术 用于操作机电马达和Yarimov马达的方法 (Method for operating an electromechanical motor and a Yarimov motor ) 是由 马拉特·奥特洛维奇·亚里莫夫 于 2018-03-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明总体上涉及用于将电能转换成机械能或反之亦然的电机领域中的电力工程和发电,并且可以用于能源工业、工业、农业、林业和公共事业中,以及人类活动的其他领域。为了提高将电能转换为机械能或反之亦然的效率和有效性,并扩大其他功能能力,牛顿力学的主要定律和能量守恒定律都得到了满足,并提供了符合国际标准计量单位的功。提出了以前未知的用于操作机电马达和机电机器的方法。用于操作机电马达的新方法以及该马达使得能够实现机电机器的实际能量特性。与现有技术相比,由所提出的发明执行的功或产生的功率总是更高。(The present invention relates generally to power engineering and generation in the field of electrical machines for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy or vice versa, and can be used in the energy industry, agriculture, forestry and utilities, as well as in other fields of human activity. In order to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy or vice versa and to extend the capabilities of other functions, both the principle law of newton's mechanics and the law of conservation of energy are satisfied and work is provided that complies with international standard units of measure. Previously unknown methods for operating electromechanical motors and electromechanical machines have been proposed. The new method for operating an electromechanical motor and the motor enable the realization of the actual energy characteristics of the electromechanical machine. The work performed or the power generated by the proposed invention is always higher compared to the prior art.)

1. a method for operating an electromechanical motor, the method comprising converting electrical energy into mechanical energy by interaction between a conductor or winding having an electrical current and a magnetic field between a stationary stator and a rotating rotor, the rotating rotor having a target mass and moment of inertia on a rotating support, characterised in that, during a start-up period, mechanical energy obtained upon accelerating the rotor or its rotational movement is accumulated; then the energy is stored in a quantification mode and is used as a main work component; this energy is operated in a steady-state mode, and further, in a steady-state nominal mode of the motor, another work component value from the current is performed, while the total mechanical work is performed in common, and the amount of total mechanical work obtained is equal to the sum of component values determined by the following mathematical expression,

Atot.＝|Ad.|+Ae；[1]

wherein atot is a total quantized function of converting electrical energy of the electromechanical motor into mechanical energy;

component values of accumulated energy from the rotational motion of the rotor of | Ad. | -work;

ae. -component values of work from current in steady state mode of the motor.

2. A motor comprising a stator and a rotor, which moves due to the interaction of an electric current with a magnetic field, the rotor having a target mass and moment of inertia on a rotating support, characterized in that it is able to accumulate mechanical energy, previously converted, resulting in an accelerated movement of the rotor mass during a start-up period, said mechanical energy then being stored and having an effective value as the main functional component in a steady-state mode of the motor, and a quantized component from the electric energy with work, which rotates the rotor in a steady-state mode, wherein the quantized balance of the total function is equal to the sum of the component values determined by expression [1 ].

Technical Field

The present invention relates generally to power engineering and generation in the field of electrical machines for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy or vice versa, and can be used in the energy industry, agriculture, forestry and utilities, as well as in other fields of human activity.

Background

Disclosure of Invention

1. Principle of electromechanical motors. Technical and process effects can be achieved when mechanical energy obtained by acceleration of the rotor during start-up is accumulated, or when the rotational movement of the rotor is accelerated in advance. Then, the accumulated mechanical energy is quantified and applied as a main component; this energy is directly operated in steady-state mode; furthermore, another work component from the current is performed in the steady-state nominal mode, while performing and obtaining the total mechanical work of the motor, in an amount equal to the sum of the component values determined by the following mathematical expression:

Atot＝|Ad|+|Ae|；[1]

wherein Atot is a total quantized function of converting the electrical energy of the electromechanical motor into mechanical energy;

ad is the component value of work from the accumulated energy of the rotor rotational motion;

ae is the component value of work from the current in steady state mode of the motor.

For convenience, considering the conventional method, we transform equation [1], express this equation [1] by power, and divide the two parts by time t. We get the power expression:

Ptot＝|Pd|+Pe；[2]。

where Ptot is the total power generated by the electromechanical motor expressed in numerical form;

| Pd | is a component value of power from the accumulated energy of the rotor rotational motion;

pe is the component value of the electromechanical motor in nominal or steady-state mode of the power.

The well-known methods for operating electric motors and their devices do not quantitatively and qualitatively express the main mechanical component, which contradicts the law of conservation of mechanical energy in [6], and therefore they are not industrially applicable. Alternatively, the stator may rotate while the rotor is stationary.

On page 195 (4), the equation of motion [5.20] of the electric motor or of the electric machine as a whole is described and only the physical course of the acceleration or accelerated rotation of the rotor during the start-up is also proven scientifically and technically. The equations and expressions [1] and [2] only reflect and describe the mechanical processes that occur in the proposed method for operating the electric motor and the device itself in the nominal or steady-state mode. For example, as can be seen from the figures presenting the energy diagram of the inventor's motor operation, if the operating motor Ae 0 is disconnected from the grid, its rotor will continue to rotate by inertia for a long time td until it stops due to friction and various losses. This makes it possible to clearly demonstrate and confirm that the work Ad (movement of the rotor with mass m and moment of inertia J expressed in modulus) is present simultaneously and continuously together with Ae (rotational force of the rotor associated with the interaction of the current and the magnetic field in the windings of the motor in steady-state mode).

The starting of the electromechanical motor in the figure is 0 at an initial time tn, | Ad |, the work of the rotary motion of the rotor is zero. At the same time the work Ae is at its maximum, the rotational force of the rotor is related to the current in the windings of the motor, and the work during acceleration of the rotor is much greater, sometimes much more so, than in the steady-state mode. Then, according to the inventor's energy diagram, after acceleration or conversion, the excess portion undergoes a conversion from electrical energy generated to mechanical energy, which is accumulated and stored as part of the rotor movement during the time period tn. After this time, the motor is operated in the steady-state mode at time tp with the component | Ad |. It has also been demonstrated that the law of conservation of mechanical energy (6) is adhered to, and that the conversion of the excess of work Ae (rotor rotational force associated with the current or the starting portion of work) into acceleration of the rotor takes place beforehand, so that | Ad | can be further used as the main work of the rotor rotational movement in the steady-state mode. Thus, according to the inventor's energy diagram, in the period tp in the steady state or nominal mode of the motor, two components act simultaneously: the work component Ae-the rotor rotational force associated with the current in the winding in the nominal mode, and | Ad | -the principal component work accumulated by the rotational motion of the rotor with mass m and moment of inertia J, which add up to the total work of the possible electromechanical machine.

In the methods for operating electric motors, which are well known from the information sources (1) - (5), essentially no work component of the rotary motion of the rotor is provided. There is no power | Ad | or power | Pd | that presents a motor that persists and does not disappear from the tracking shadowless. At the same time, in the absence of the component Pd, the electricity meter of the energy consumed by the electric motor measures only the power component Pe, which is equal to the cutoff tot ═ V3) U-I. The electricity meter in steady-state mode does not measure the cumulative power component | Pd | of the rotor movement of the electric motor in steady-state mode, whether or not this component is continuously present, and according to the diagram of the inventor in fig. 1, only because this component is provided in steady-state operating mode.

The efficiency coefficient and effectiveness of the proposed method for operating an electromechanical motor is supported by the presence of the main accumulated mechanical component | Ad |. These values are always higher than the known motors according to sources (1) - (4) and method (5) according to the GOST standard.

In the case where the inventor proposes the expressions [1], [2], the law of conservation of energy and the basic law (7) of newton's mechanics are completely adhered to. The absolute values of work and power of the rotary motion of the rotor in [1] to [2] are taken, because the direction of the work and power is negative, the rotor has a deceleration characteristic, and the motion is reduced under the action of friction.

(4) Equation [5.20] page 195]Based on scientific knowledge and practical proof of the existence of energy, work Ad, and classically describe the physical process when "mechanical energy is obtained under acceleration during start-up or accumulated at pre-accelerated rotational motion". It is known that the mechanical energy or work of a rotational movement is performed only by the angular velocity and the moment of inertia (mass distribution around the axis of rotation). (6) Section 4 "main law of dynamics of rotational motion" page 78 "example 1.M J-dop/dt as equation of motion for a solid rotor". Epsilon/dt is the acceleration of the electromechanical motor rotor during start-up. In the start-up period tn, the kinetic energy of the rotor is increased to a constant value Ad in the steady-state mode. Thus, the equation [5.20] on page 195 of (4)]Only the starting mode or starting cycle of the electromechanical motor operation is described, wherein the right side of the equation shows the electromagnetic torque or electrical energy starting part, which is equivalently converted into stored or accumulated mechanical energy of the rotor. After the rotor accelerates, the stored power can be "stored" as kinetic energy Ad ═ J-G²And/2, which is constant in size and can produce a work Ad.

In equation [5.20] on page 195 of (4), the right side as the power starting portion can be measured. For this purpose, the quantified value of the electrical energy should be measured separately using a conventional electricity meter or counter, as indicated by the "measurement of the electrical energy" consumed during the start of the steady-state mode from the moment of supply until the end of the acceleration of the rotor, according to the diagram of fig. 1, in page 221, 8-6, of the information source (2). The value consumption of the electric energy starting part is equal to the mechanical energy Ad of the motor rotor, which is based on the "conservation of energy and conversion law" in page 57, section 1 of the information source (6). "energy" Chapter 3 "work and mechanical energy", in the expression [1], is then present or stored quantitatively as a component and acts as the cumulative mechanical energy of the rotor all the time. The mass equivalent of the starting part of the electrical energy is therefore measured separately as Ae ═ V3-UT-5-tn/2-the area of the conventional triangle, where it is converted into rotational energy of the rotor by the rotor acceleration in the diagram of fig. 1.

As is known, the physical basis and evidence of the storage or accumulation of mechanical energy, for example from page 178 in the information source (8), "… … the work performed by all the forces applied on the body for obtaining its kinetic energy … …", and from page 195 in (4) [5.20], for the rotor of the electric motor of the invention it is considered that the work of electromagnetic force during starting is used for obtaining kinetic energy or storing and accumulating mechanical energy in the form of kinetic energy of the rotor of an electromechanical motor.

Then, according to the law of conservation of energy (6), the accumulated energy Ad together with Ae produces the total integral value of the physical work of the electromechanical motor, which converts the electric energy into mechanical energy [1 ].

The feature "storing and applying the accumulated mechanical energy", "directly running it in steady-state mode" is fully determined, wherein the motor rotor with the target mass m and moment of inertia J is the real object, and the accumulated mechanical energy in the form of final or calculated energy, obtained by equivalently reducing the electric energy start-up part to the nominal value during the acceleration of the rotor, is the material means of energy "storage".

Depending on the information sources (1) - (4), the characteristic Ae of "performing work components from different values of the current in the steady-state nominal mode of the motor" exists objectively. This work of energy is measured by conventional methods using the well known devices and meters described above.

The features "collectively perform the total mechanical work and obtain a quantity equal to the sum of the component values" as in expression [1] or [2] are based on the objectively present, separately measured values Ad and Ae, the above sum being based on the basic laws of energy conservation and transformation for the material means proposed for each feature objectively present.

Drawings

The figures show the inventors' energy diagram, which graphically presents the proposed method for operating an electromechanical motor and a motor. The diagram in the drawing divides three working areas at the top according to the type of energy: e-electrical, intermediate EM-electromechanical, and M-mechanical. The left side shows three time periods or modes of operation of the motor, tn is the start time, tp is the steady state mode time, and U is the motor stop time after the motor is disconnected from the grid. For each time segment, there is an interval of merit values on the right side of the graph: during starting, the steady-state work corresponds to the acceleration of the mass rotation of the rotor to kinetic energy, from component Ad 0 to Ad maximum, from zero to maximum, while the total energy balance is Atot | Ad | + Ae. Then, in the steady-state mode tp, the work is also equal to the total value atot. | Ad. | + Ae, and after the isolation voltage ta., the work is determined at intervals of the component from Ad ═ maximum value to Ad ═ 0. The bottom part of the graph shows equation [1]]As the sum of the work of the suggested methods. At the center of the graph, from top to bottom, the double headed arrows show losses, which have an effect on both components Ae and | Ad. Initially, during the starting period tn, the losses depend on the work of the large starting current, while the mechanical friction is equal to zero; finally, in steady-state mode, the loss balance is equally divided between each component, the electromechanical Ae, and the mechanical work | Ad. | of the rotor motion. As shown at the bottom of the graph, after isolating the voltage supplying the electromechanical motor, there is only a mechanical loss that decreases as the speed of the movement of the rotor due to inertia decreases. The middle dashed line from top to bottom limits and represents losses which individually and in total passArrows indicate, wherein acon.tot. ═ acon.e + acon.d. The mathematical formula | Ad | ═ J-co is shown in the machine region of the work on the graph²And/2, it is clear that this is the kinetic energy region of the rotor motion, work is always present after conversion from pure electric energy in the region of the rotor start-up period tn. At the top of the energy diagram, at the beginning of the start-up time tn, the total work Atot has an electrical characteristic and content, and during the acceleration of the rotor the electrical characteristic and content will decrease and be converted into mechanical work of the rotational movement of the rotor, which moves in the right mechanical direction of the diagram. The graph shows graphically the proportion of the components of the electromechanical and mechanical part of the work of the proposed method for operating an electromechanical motor, which is twice the energy diagram according to source (2) page 267 and the known methods of sources (3), (4).

2. A motor. This technical result is achieved by an electromechanical motor having a stator and a rotor, wherein a target mass and moment of inertia rotate in the stator and are placed on a covered support. The electromechanical motor may accumulate mechanical energy that is pre-converted due to the accelerated rotation of the rotor mass during startup, and then stored and used as the primary component of the motor in steady state mode, and a quantized component of work from electrical energy that rotates the rotor in steady state mode, where the quantized balance of total work is equal to the sum of the component values determined by expression [1 ].

In order to produce a new electromechanical motor, previously unknown, because it operates without violating the basic law of newtonian mechanics and the law of conservation of energy, and in international units, by the interaction of conductors with electric current and magnetic fields in the motor, the conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy consists in realizing with a rotor with mass m and moment of inertia J, and in being able to accumulate the mechanical energy in numerical form, and to obtain the total work or power from the two components according to the mathematical expressions [1] and [2 ]. The inventor's energy diagram graphically illustrates a possible rotor structure that accumulates quantized values of mechanical energy in the form of kinetic energy to move after conversion from electrical energy at start-up time tn.. Then, according to the mathematical expressions [1], [2], mechanical energy is always present and performs the total work or power together with the electrical component.

Detailed Description

The proposed electromechanical motor comprises a stator and a rotor rotating in the stator with a mass m and a moment of inertia J, manufactured in such a way that: the motor is able to accumulate mechanical energy converted beforehand, which rotates the rotor in steady mode due to the accelerated rotation of the rotor mass during the start-up period, then stores the mechanical energy and has effective value as the main component in the motor steady mode, and quantized components from the electrical energy with work, where the balance of total or total work is equal to the sum of the component values determined by expression [1 ].