阅读说明：本技术 一种生物有机营养土及其制作方法 (Biological organic nutrient soil and preparation method thereof ) 是由 李兆君 任伟 许蓓蓓 于 2019-10-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种生物有机营养土,包括下述重量份的原料：椰糠80-100份、泥炭土40-50份、珍珠岩10-20份、蛭石5-10份、腐熟生物有机肥20-30份、凹凸棒5-10份、烟草提取物4-6份、茶皂素0.1-0.3份、复合微生物菌剂4-6份。营养土中加入椰糠和泥炭土,具有较好的透气性和保水性；加入生物有机肥作为营养土中的养分来源,营养元素全面,肥效持久,可为苗木持续提供养分。本发明的生物有机营养土采用纯天然原料混配制成,所制得的营养土环保无毒,且配方所用原料及制作方法简单,使用方便,无异味；本发明的生物有机营养土土壤结构良好,土壤透气性和保水保肥性能较好,有利于苗木生长发育。(The invention provides biological organic nutrient soil which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of coconut chaff, 40-50 parts of peat soil, 10-20 parts of perlite, 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of decomposed bio-organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of attapulgite, 4-6 parts of tobacco extract, 0.1-0.3 part of tea saponin and 4-6 parts of composite microbial agent. Coconut chaff and peat soil are added into the nutrient soil, so that the nutrient soil has good air permeability and water retention; the biological organic fertilizer is added as a nutrient source in the nutrient soil, has comprehensive nutrient elements and lasting fertilizer effect, and can continuously provide nutrients for the nursery stocks. The biological organic nutrient soil is prepared by mixing pure natural raw materials, the prepared nutrient soil is environment-friendly and nontoxic, and the raw materials and the preparation method used in the formula are simple, the use is convenient, and no peculiar smell exists; the biological organic nutrient soil has good soil structure, good soil air permeability and water and fertilizer retention performance, and is beneficial to the growth and development of nursery stocks.)

1. The biological organic nutrient soil is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

80-100 parts of coconut chaff, 40-50 parts of peat soil, 10-20 parts of perlite, 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of decomposed bio-organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of attapulgite, 4-6 parts of tobacco extract, 0.1-0.3 part of tea saponin and 4-6 parts of composite microbial agent.

2. The bioorganotrophic soil of claim 1,

the decomposed biological organic fertilizer comprises the following effective components in parts by weight:

100 parts of rape seed cakes, 200 parts of mushroom bags, 85 parts of needle mushroom residues, 60 parts of corn straw powder, 28 parts of leftovers of Leting shrimps and crabs, 7 parts of chitin, 30 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of grass carbon and 9 parts of a compound microbial agent.

3. The bioorganotrophic soil of claim 1,

the compound microbial agent comprises the following effective components in parts by weight:

2-4 parts of bacillus, 1-3 parts of yeast, 1-3 parts of actinomycetes, 1-2 parts of azotobacter and 1-2 parts of pseudomonas.

4. The bioorganotrophic soil of claim 1,

the pH value of the coconut coir is 5.5-6.5, and the EC value is 0.55-0.8.

5. The bioorganotrophic soil of claim 1,

the peat soil is one or more of herbaceous peat and moss peat, the pH value of the peat soil is 5.5-6.5, and the fineness of the peat soil is 10-20 mm.

6. A method for preparing biological organic nutrient soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:

pouring coconut chaff, peat soil, perlite, vermiculite, decomposed bio-organic fertilizer, attapulgite, tobacco extract, tea saponin and compound microbial agent into a stirring tank according to a certain weight part, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the bio-organic nutrient soil.

7. The method for producing bio-organic nutrient soil according to claim 6,

and the coconut coir is dried after being foamed and expanded by the compressed coconut coir brick.

8. The method for producing bio-organic nutrient soil according to claim 6,

80-100 parts of coconut chaff, 40-50 parts of peat soil, 10-20 parts of perlite, 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of decomposed bio-organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of attapulgite, 4-6 parts of tobacco extract, 0.1-0.3 part of tea saponin and 4-6 parts of composite microbial agent.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of nutrient soil, in particular to biological organic nutrient soil and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The facility cultivation area and the household balcony cultivation area in China are enlarged year by year, the continuous cropping obstacle phenomenon in the facility cultivation and the balcony cultivation is increasingly serious, and the sustainable development of facility agriculture and balcony cultivation is greatly restricted. One of the effective cultivation measures to overcome the continuous cropping obstacle is soilless cultivation. However, the soilless culture has high input cost, and the large-area popularization and application of the soilless culture are limited, so that research and development of a cheap and simple culture method and technology for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles are urgently needed. The nutrient soil cultivation technique is a cultivation technique using non-natural soil as a substrate, mainly utilizes agricultural organic wastes such as corn straws or wheat straws to be fermented and decomposed and mixed with other raw materials to prepare the nutrient soil cultivation technique, and the nutrient soil cultivation technique is directly used as a plant cultivation substrate. The nutrient soil has high organic matter content and complete nutrients, is beneficial to activating microorganisms, and can effectively promote the growth of seedlings. The soil humidity and the porosity of the biological organic nutrient soil are reasonably configured, and excellent survival conditions can be provided for underground parts of plants. In addition, the planting method of the biological organic nutrient soil cultivation can also effectively overcome the problems of continuous cropping obstacles such as soil acidification, salt return, soil-borne diseases and insect pests and the like.

In the process of seedling transplantation, due to the reasons of change of growth environment, change of soil structure, reduction of nutrition supply strength and the like, transplanted plants are easy to wither, the nutrient soil in the current market is suitable for cultivation of small plants such as pot plants and the like, the nutrient components are single, and the transplanting requirements of various plants cannot be met. The traditional nutrient soil is prepared by adding traditional simple substance fertilizers, compound fertilizers and the like into field soil, the release of nutrients is fast, most of the nutrients in the fertilizers are easy to be leached and volatilized, the utilization rate of plants is low, the fertilizer efficiency is reduced after one stage of use, and the fertilizers are required to be applied regularly. In addition, the nutrient soil on the market is various in types, the product quality is uneven, reasonable ingredients are not usually adopted, nutrient elements are unbalanced, various chemical fertilizers and pesticides are added, the requirements of organic products are not met, and the normal growth and development of seedlings are not facilitated due to the fact that the strict disinfection and sterilization are not carried out.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a biological organic nutrient soil and a preparation method thereof, nutrient components are diversified, nutrients in a fertilizer are not easy to be leached and volatilized, the utilization rate of plants is improved, the fertilizer efficiency lasts for a long time, frequent fertilization is not needed, nutrient elements are balanced and meet related requirements of organic products, and normal growth and development of nursery stocks are facilitated.

A biological organic nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

80-100 parts of coconut chaff, 40-50 parts of peat soil, 10-20 parts of perlite, 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of decomposed bio-organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of attapulgite, 4-6 parts of tobacco extract, 0.1-0.3 part of tea saponin and 4-6 parts of composite microbial agent.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

the decomposed biological organic fertilizer comprises the following effective components in parts by weight:

100 parts of rape seed cakes, 200 parts of mushroom bags, 85 parts of needle mushroom residues, 60 parts of corn straw powder, 28 parts of leftovers of Leting shrimps and crabs, 7 parts of chitin, 30 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of grass carbon and 9 parts of a compound microbial agent.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

the compound microbial agent comprises the following effective components in parts by weight:

2-4 parts of bacillus, 1-3 parts of yeast, 1-3 parts of actinomycetes, 1-2 parts of azotobacter and 1-2 parts of pseudomonas.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

the pH value of the coconut coir is 5.5-6.5, and the EC value is 0.55-0.8.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

the peat soil is one or more of herbaceous peat and moss peat, the pH value of the peat soil is 5.5-6.5, and the fineness of the peat soil is 10-20 mm.

A method for preparing biological organic nutrient soil comprises the following steps:

pouring coconut chaff, peat soil, perlite, vermiculite, decomposed bio-organic fertilizer, attapulgite, tobacco extract, tea saponin and compound microbial agent into a stirring tank according to a certain weight part, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the bio-organic nutrient soil.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

and the coconut coir is dried after being foamed and expanded by the compressed coconut coir brick.

Further, in the above-mentioned case,

80-100 parts of coconut chaff, 40-50 parts of peat soil, 10-20 parts of perlite, 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 20-30 parts of decomposed bio-organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of attapulgite, 4-6 parts of tobacco extract, 0.1-0.3 part of tea saponin and 4-6 parts of composite microbial agent.

The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

1. according to the decomposed bio-organic fertilizer, different temperatures are adopted for fermentation in the fermentation process, and the fermentation material is turned over for multiple times, so that the fermentation material is fully decomposed, ova and bacteria can be killed through high-temperature decomposition, the breeding of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, and no odor is generated. The biological organic fertilizer has comprehensive nutrient elements and lasting fertilizer efficiency, can be used as a nutrient source in nutrient soil, and can continuously provide nutrients for seedlings.

2. The compound microbial agent adopted by the invention is rich in active probiotics, can well decompose organic matters in organic materials, dissolve phosphorus, potassium and fix nitrogen, and improves the nutrient content of the nutrient soil. The prepared biological organic nutrient soil has comprehensive nutrient elements and lasting fertilizer efficiency, solves the problems of nutrient loss and single function of the traditional nutrient soil, and can continuously provide sufficient nutrients for seedlings.

3. The tobacco extract and the tea saponin are added into the nutrient soil, the substances have good insect killing and preventing effects, the effective period of the nutrient soil is long, and the insect killing substances are plant source extracts and do not affect the environment.

4. The attapulgite added in the nutrient soil has stronger adsorbability and can adsorb the peculiar smell of the soil, so that the nutrient soil is more suitable for being used in household gardening.

5. The coconut chaff, the vermiculite and the perlite added into the nutrient soil can ensure that the structural gap in the nutrient soil is sufficient, prevent the death of plants caused by insufficient air of root systems and promote the healthy development of the root systems of the plants; can also play a role in protecting the soil and avoid the soil from being slurried. The coconut coir has good water retention, can fully maintain nutrients and water required by plant growth, reduces the loss of water and nutrients, has slow natural decomposition rate, and can prolong the service life of the matrix.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples.

Detailed Description

The following description is presented in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, and it is to be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are presented only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.