阅读说明：本技术 一种含稀土元素钪和铒的铝合金焊丝 (Aluminum alloy welding wire containing rare earth elements scandium and erbium ) 是由 何柔月 唐鑫 于 2019-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种含稀土元素钪和铒的铝合金焊丝,其特点在于在铝镁焊丝中添加重量百分比0-0.4％的Sc和0-0.4％的Er,其余化学成分以重量百分比计算为:Mg:4％-5.5％,Zn:0.8％-1.5％,Zr:1.0％-1.5％,Si:0.013％-0.117％,Fe:0.06％-0.07％,Cu:0.005％-0.007％,Cr:0.002％-0.004％,Ni:0.007％-0.009％,Ti:0.096％-0.113％,Sn:0.04％-0.05％,其他杂质元素单个含量≤0.05％,其他杂质元素总含量≤0.15％,余量为Al。本发明中钪和铒的最佳添加量都为0.2wt％。所述的Al-Mg-Zn-Zr-Sc-Er焊丝的直径为3mm。采用本发明焊丝进行半自动手动填丝TIG焊接7075-T651铝合金板材,经过90天时效后,焊接系数均达到75％以上,焊接系数最高可达76.18％,焊接接头强度最高可达到419MPa,相比传统的铝镁系5183、5356商用焊丝焊接接头强度349MPa和352MPa,焊接接头有明显的提升效果。(The invention discloses an aluminum alloy welding wire containing rare earth elements of scandium and erbium, which is characterized in that 0-0.4 wt% of Sc and 0-0.4 wt% of Er are added into an aluminum magnesium welding wire, and the rest of the chemical components comprise, by weight, 4-5.5% of Mg, 0.8-1.5% of Zn, 1.0-1.5% of Zr, 0.013-0.117% of Si, 0.06-0.07% of Fe, 0.005-0.007% of Cu, 0.002-0.004% of Cr, 0.007-0.009% of Ni, 0.096-0.113% of Ti, 0.04-0.05% of Sn, less than or equal to 0.05% of other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15% of other impurity elements and the balance of Al. The optimum addition amounts of scandium and erbium in the present invention are both 0.2 wt%. The diameter of the Al-Mg-Zn-Zr-Sc-Er welding wire is 3 mm. After the welding wire is adopted to perform semi-automatic manual wire filling TIG welding on 7075-T651 aluminum alloy plates, after 90 days of aging, the welding coefficients are all over 75 percent, the highest welding coefficient can reach 76.18 percent, the highest welding joint strength can reach 419MPa, and compared with the traditional commercial welding wires of aluminum-magnesium systems 5183 and 5356, the welding joint strength is 349MPa and 352MPa, the welding joint has an obvious improvement effect.)

1. An aluminum alloy welding wire containing rare earth elements of scandium and erbium is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 4.5 to 5.5 percent of Mg, 0.8 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 1.0 to 1.5 percent of Zr, 0.013 to 0.117 percent of Si, 0.06 to 0.07 percent of Fe, 0.005 to 0.007 percent of Cu, 0.002 to 0.004 percent of Cr, 0.007 to 0.009 percent of Ni, 0.043 to 0.053 percent of Zn, 0.096 to 0.113 percent of Ti, 0.04 to 0.05 percent of Sn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single content of other impurity elements, and the total content of other impurity elements

Less than or equal to 0.15 percent and the balance of Al.

2. The aluminum alloy welding wire containing the rare earth elements of scandium and erbium according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy welding wire comprises the following components by weight percent of Sc:0 to 0.4 percent.

3. The aluminum alloy welding wire containing the rare earth elements of scandium and erbium according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of Er in the components is as follows: 0 to 0.4 percent.

4. The welding wire of claim 1, wherein the sum of the Sc and Er percentages is 0.4% by weight.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to an aluminum alloy welding wire containing rare earth elements scandium and erbium.

Background

With the development of welding technology, the welding technology of aluminum alloy has been widely applied to the civil and military fields, and higher requirements are also put forward on the welding technology of aluminum alloy. The weld seam for welding aluminum alloy is generally required to be used directly without heat treatment for strengthening and to have high strength. On welding 7075-T651 aluminum alloy plates, a welding process is optimized, so that a welded joint has good comprehensive mechanical properties, and the currently widely used welding wire is an aluminum-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire. However, the welding strength of the existing aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire after welding is still greatly different from that of the base material, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the base material cannot be fully exerted. That is, it is necessary to develop a welding wire having high post-welding mechanical properties without post-welding heat treatment strengthening.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a scandium-and-erbium-containing Al-Mg-Zn-Zr alloy welding wire which does not need postweld heat treatment and still has high postweld mechanical properties. Mg can improve the comprehensive mechanical property of the welding joint, and Cr can improve the stress corrosion resistance of the welding joint. The tensile strength and the natural aging effect of Zn are generally improved, the stress corrosion tendency of the alloy is related to the sum of the contents of Zn and Mg, the sum of the contents of Zn and Mg is not more than 7%, and the alloy has better stress corrosion resistance. Sc and Er are added into a welding wire, and eta' (MgZn) is precipitated in the welded 7075-T651 aluminum alloy after natural aging₂) Metastable strengthening phase without affecting secondary Al₃(Sc,Zr)，Al₃The Er and other particles are dispersed and distributed, so that the strength of the welded joint is improved. The problem of low strength of a 7075-T651 aluminum alloy welding joint welded by commercial 5183 and 5356 aluminum alloy welding wires is solved.

From the purposes, a large number of tests prove that the aluminum-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire which is used for welding 7075-T651 aluminum alloy and still has high post-welding mechanical property without post-welding heat treatment is found by a method for adding trace rare earth elements Sc and Er into Al-Mg-Zn-Zr alloy, so that the expected purpose is achieved.

The scandium-erbium-containing Al-Mg-Zn-Zr aluminum alloy welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 4 to 5.5 percent of Mg, 0.8 to 1.5 percent of Zn, 1.0 to 1.5 percent of Zr, 0.013 to 0.117 percent of Si, 0.06 to 0.07 percent of Fe, 0.005 to 0.007 percent of Cu, 0.002 to 0.004 percent of Cr, 0.007 to 0.009 percent of Ni, 0.096 to 0.113 percent of Ti, 0.04 to 0.05 percent of Sn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of single content of other impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of total content of other impurity elements and the balance of Al.

The aluminum-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire added with Sc and Er comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0 to 0.4 percent.

The aluminum-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire added with Sc and Er comprises the following components in percentage by weight of Er element: 0 to 0.4 percent.

The Sc and Er added aluminum-magnesium aluminum alloy welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0 to 0.4 percent.

The diameter of the Al-Mg-Zn-Zr-Sc-Er aluminum alloy welding wire is 3 mm.

The innovation point of the invention is that rare earth elements Sc and Er are added into the traditional aluminum-magnesium aluminum alloy, micro-alloying of the aluminum alloy is formed in a welding line, and eta' (MgZn) is separated out in the crystal after natural aging₂) Metastable strengthening phase without affecting secondary Al₃(Sc,Zr)，Al₃The Er and other particles are dispersed and distributed, so that the strength of the welded joint is improved. A small amount of Zn element is added into the traditional aluminum-magnesium welding wire to ensure that eta' (MgZn) is precipitated in the natural aging process of the welding line₂) Metastable hardening phase. After a lot of experiments, the welding wire is similar to commercial aluminum magnesium welding wires such as: 5183 and 5356 welding wires, the tensile properties are shown in Table 1:

TABLE 1 weld tensile Property Table

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the macroscopic morphology of the Al-5Mg-1Zn-0.2Sc-0.2Er-0.15Zr welding wire with a diameter of 3mm prepared in embodiment 2 of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a metallographic image of a weld zone of a 7075-T651 aluminum alloy welded joint welded by the Al-5Mg-1Zn welding wire without Sc, Zr and Er elements.

FIG. 3 is a metallographic image of a weld zone of a 7075-T651 aluminum alloy weld joint welded by a welding wire in example 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a stress-strain curve of a 7075-T651 aluminum alloy welded joint welded by a welding wire in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described below by way of specific embodiments, but the present invention is by no means limited to the following examples.