阅读说明：本技术 车钩缓冲器和具有其的车辆 (Coupler buffer and vehicle with same ) 是由 邹勇 王卫春 于 2018-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种车钩缓冲器和具有其的车辆,所述车钩缓冲器包括：缸筒,所述缸筒上左右间隔布置有第一限位部和第二限位部；第一缓冲件,所述第一缓冲件的至少一部分限位于所述第一限位部和所述第二限位部之间；拉杆,所述拉杆上设有左右间隔布置的第三限位部和第四限位部,且所述第一缓冲件的至少一部分可变形地限位于所述第三限位部和第四限位部之间,其中,所述缸筒和所述拉杆中的至少一个与所述第一缓冲件之间设有第二缓冲件,所述第二缓冲件用于对所述第一缓冲件提供沿左右方向的阻尼。根据本发明实施例的车钩缓冲器,第二缓冲件对第一缓冲件提供左右方向的阻尼,可以实现两级减震,减震效果较好。(The invention discloses a coupler buffer and a vehicle with the same, wherein the coupler buffer comprises: the cylinder barrel is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part at left and right intervals; the first buffer piece, at least one part of the said first buffer piece is limited between the said first limit part and the said second limit part; the pull rod, spacing portion of third and the spacing portion of fourth of interval arrangement about being equipped with on the pull rod, just at least a part of first bolster is spacing in deformably between spacing portion of third and the fourth, wherein, the cylinder with in the pull rod at least one with be equipped with the second bolster between the first bolster, the second bolster is used for right first bolster provides the damping along left right direction. According to the coupler buffer disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the second buffer piece provides damping in the left and right directions for the first buffer piece, so that two-stage damping can be realized, and the damping effect is better.)

1. A coupler draft gear, comprising:

the cylinder barrel is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part at left and right intervals;

the first buffer piece, at least one part of the said first buffer piece is limited between the said first limit part and the said second limit part;

a pull rod, wherein the pull rod is provided with a third limiting part and a fourth limiting part which are arranged at intervals from left to right, at least one part of the first buffer piece is limited between the third limiting part and the fourth limiting part in a deformable way,

and a second buffer piece is arranged between at least one of the cylinder barrel and the pull rod and the first buffer piece, and is used for providing damping along the left-right direction for the first buffer piece.

2. The coupler draft gear according to claim 1, wherein a static stiffness of said second cushioning member is less than a static stiffness of said first cushioning member.

3. The coupler draft gear according to claim 1, wherein a second cushioning member is disposed between said first cushioning member and at least one of said first, second, third and fourth limiting portions.

4. The coupler draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said first cushioning member is a rubber damping structure and said second cushioning member is a metal spring damping structure.

5. The coupler draft gear, according to claim 1, wherein said second cushioning member is a two end turn and ground spring.

6. The draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said first cushioning member is a straight tube extending in a lateral direction, said second cushioning member is a spiral tube extending in a lateral direction, a left end of said first cushioning member abuts against said first stopper, a left end of said second cushioning member abuts against said first cushioning member and a right end of said second cushioning member abuts against said fourth stopper.

7. The coupler draft gear according to claim 6, wherein said tie rod extends through said first cushioning member in a side-to-side direction.

8. The coupler draft gear according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said first cushioning member includes:

a left limit plate;

the left limiting plate and the right limiting plate are arranged at intervals from left to right;

the buffer block, the buffer block left end face support lean on in left limiting plate, the right-hand member face of bolster supports and leans on right limiting plate.

9. The draft gear according to claim 8, wherein said bumper is hollow cylindrical, said left and right limiting plates each have a through hole opposite to said central through hole of said draft gear, and said through hole has a flange embedded in said draft gear at its periphery.

10. The coupler draft gear according to claim 8, wherein said draft gear includes a rubber post extending in a side-to-side direction.

11. The draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said cylinder is a straight cylinder extending in a left-right direction, said first position-limiting portion is a left cylinder head connected to a left end portion of said cylinder, and said second position-limiting portion is a right cylinder head connected to a right end portion of said cylinder.

12. The coupler draft gear of claim 11,

at least one part of the left cylinder cover is embedded in the cylinder barrel; and/or

At least a portion of the right cylinder head is embedded in the cylinder barrel.

13. The coupler draft gear of claim 11,

the left cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel are in threaded fit connection, welded connection or integrally formed; and/or

The right cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel are in threaded fit connection, welded connection or integrally formed.

14. The coupler draft gear of claim 11,

a coupler is connected to the left cylinder cover; and/or

The right cylinder cover is provided with a center hole, and the pull rod extends out of the center hole.

15. The draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said first cushioning member is a straight tube extending in a left-right direction, and said first cushioning member is disposed inside said cylinder.

16. The coupler draft gear according to claim 15, wherein an area of an inner peripheral surface of said cylinder tube opposite said first cushioning member is recessed to form a groove.

17. The coupler draft gear according to claim 1, wherein the third position-limiting portion is a nut threadedly coupled to the drawbar.

18. The coupler draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said tie rod includes a first shaft section and a second shaft section, a left end of said first shaft section is connected to said third position-limiting portion, a right end of said first shaft section is connected to said second shaft section, a diameter of said second shaft section is larger than a diameter of said first shaft section, and a left end surface of said second shaft section is formed as said fourth position-limiting portion.

19. The draft gear according to claim 1, wherein said draft link further comprises a third shaft section, said third shaft section is located to the right of said second stop portion, said third shaft section is spaced apart from said second stop portion, and at least a portion of said third shaft section is directly opposite said second stop portion in the left-right direction.

20. A vehicle, characterized by comprising:

a vehicle body;

a coupler draft gear coupled to said body, said coupler draft gear being in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 19.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a coupler buffer and a vehicle with the coupler buffer.

Background

The middle coupler buffer of the railway vehicle is an important part of the railway vehicle, and the buffer block is a core part of the buffer. In the running process of the light rail, most impact energy is converted into elastic potential energy of the buffer block, and the rest part of the impact energy is dissipated under the damping effect of the buffer block structure, so that the impact energy received by the vehicle body is reduced. Most of buffer blocks of light rail vehicles in the related art are made of metal plates of natural rubber, steel or aluminum, and the like, the structure is mainly a cylindrical structure formed by bonding rubber and metal into a whole, and the rubber and the metal layers are alternately stacked and bonded together through vulcanization. However, the related art has the following disadvantages:

1) all loads in the related structure are partially absorbed by the rubber buffer blocks, and the energy absorption capacity is limited.

2) The structure of buffer block is that elastic layer and metal sheet vulcanize the bonding an organic whole, and the elastic body can take place big deformation and very easily produce shearing and permanent deformation when the buffer block receives impact load to produce creep and make it fatigue resistance performance variation, influence the life of product.

3) It is inconvenient to adjust the stiffness and the energy absorption rate of the bumper, and the rubber material formula or the rubber mold is generally changed to be troublesome due to the obvious nonlinearity of the rubber.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

Therefore, an object of an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is to provide a coupler buffer with good damping effect.

It is an object of an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention to exit a vehicle having a coupler draft gear as described above.

According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the coupler buffer comprises: the cylinder barrel is provided with a first limiting part and a second limiting part at left and right intervals; the first buffer piece, at least one part of the said first buffer piece is limited between the said first limit part and the said second limit part; the pull rod, spacing portion of third and the spacing portion of fourth of interval arrangement about being equipped with on the pull rod, just at least a part of first bolster is spacing in deformably between spacing portion of third and the fourth, wherein, the cylinder with in the pull rod at least one with be equipped with the second bolster between the first bolster, the second bolster is used for right first bolster provides the damping along left right direction.

According to the coupler buffer disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the second buffer piece provides damping in the left and right directions for the first buffer piece, so that two-stage damping can be realized, and the damping effect is better.

In addition, the coupler buffer according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:

according to one embodiment of the invention, the static stiffness of the second dampener is less than the static stiffness of the first dampener.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a second buffer is disposed between the first buffer and at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth limiting portions.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the first buffer member is a rubber damping structure, and the second buffer member is a metal spring damping structure.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the second buffer is a spring with two end turns and a flat surface.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first cushion member has a straight cylindrical shape extending in the left-right direction, the second cushion member has a shape spirally extending in the left-right direction, a left end of the first cushion member abuts against the first stopper, a left end of the second cushion member abuts against the first cushion member, and a right end of the second cushion member abuts against the fourth stopper.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tie rod penetrates the first cushion member in the left-right direction.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the first buffer comprises: a left limit plate; the left limiting plate and the right limiting plate are arranged at intervals from left to right; the buffer block, the buffer block left end face support lean on in left limiting plate, the right-hand member face of bolster supports and leans on right limiting plate.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the buffer block is in a hollow column shape, the left limiting plate and the right limiting plate are respectively provided with a through hole opposite to the central through hole of the buffer member, and the periphery of the through hole is provided with a flanging embedded in the buffer member.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the buffer block includes a rubber column extending in the left-right direction.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the cylinder barrel is in a straight cylinder shape extending along the left-right direction, the first limiting part is a left cylinder cover connected to the left end part of the cylinder barrel, and the second limiting part is a right cylinder cover connected to the right end part of the cylinder barrel.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least a portion of the left cylinder head is embedded within the cylinder bore.

According to one embodiment of the invention, at least a portion of the right cylinder head is embedded within the cylinder bore.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the left cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel are connected in a threaded fit manner, in a welded manner or integrally formed.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the right cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel are connected in a threaded fit manner, in a welded manner or integrally formed.

According to one embodiment of the invention, a coupler is connected to the left cylinder head.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the right cylinder head has a central bore therein, and the tie rod extends from the central bore.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first cushion member has a straight tubular shape extending in the left-right direction, and is provided inside the cylinder tube.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, a region of the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder tube opposite to the first cushion member is recessed to form a groove.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the third position-limiting part is a nut in threaded connection with the pull rod.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pull rod includes a first shaft section and a second shaft section, a left end of the first shaft section is connected to the third position-limiting portion, a right end of the first shaft section is connected to the second shaft section, a diameter of the second shaft section is larger than a diameter of the first shaft section, and a left end surface of the second shaft section is formed as the fourth position-limiting portion.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pull rod further includes a third shaft section located at a right side of the second stopper portion, the third shaft section being spaced apart from the second stopper portion, and at least a portion of the third shaft section facing the second stopper portion in the left-right direction.

A vehicle according to an embodiment of a second aspect of the invention includes: a vehicle body; and the coupler buffer is connected with the car body and is the coupler buffer.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupler draft gear in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

the draft gear 100 is shown in the drawings,

a cylinder 10, a first limit part 11, a second limit part 12, a groove 13,

a first buffer member 20, a left limit plate 21, a right limit plate 22, a buffer block 23, a flanging 24,

a pull rod 30, a third limiting part 31, a first shaft section 32, a second shaft section 33, a third shaft section 34,

coupler 40, second cushioning element 50.

Detailed Description

The middle coupler buffer of the railway vehicle is an important part of the railway vehicle, and the buffer block is a core part of the buffer. In the running process of the light rail, most impact energy is converted into elastic potential energy of the buffer block, and the rest part of the impact energy is dissipated under the damping effect of the buffer block structure, so that the impact energy received by the vehicle body is reduced. Most of buffer blocks of light rail vehicles in the related art are made of metal plates of natural rubber, steel or aluminum, and the like, the structure is mainly a cylindrical structure formed by bonding rubber and metal into a whole, and the rubber and the metal layers are alternately stacked and bonded together through vulcanization. However, the related art has the following disadvantages:

1) all loads in the related structure are partially absorbed by the rubber buffer blocks, and the energy absorption capacity is limited.

2) The structure of buffer block is that elastic layer and metal sheet vulcanize the bonding an organic whole, and the elastic body can take place big deformation and very easily produce shearing and permanent deformation when the buffer block receives impact load to produce creep and make it fatigue resistance performance variation, influence the life of product.

3) It is inconvenient to adjust the stiffness and the energy absorption rate of the bumper, and the rubber material formula or the rubber mold is generally changed to be troublesome due to the obvious nonlinearity of the rubber.

To this end, the present invention proposes a coupler draft gear 100 and a vehicle having the coupler draft gear 100.

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Referring now to fig. 1, a coupler draft gear 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described, wherein the coupler draft gear 100 includes a cylinder 10, a first cushioning member 20, a second cushioning member 50 and a drawbar 30, as shown in fig. 1.

The cylinder 10 is provided with a first limiting portion 11 and a second limiting portion 12 at left and right intervals, and at least a part of the first buffer 20 is limited between the first limiting portion 11 and the second limiting portion 12. In other words, the first cushion member 20 is disposed between the first position-limiting portion 11 and the second position-limiting portion 12, wherein the first cushion member 20 may be entirely disposed between the first position-limiting portion 11 and the second position-limiting portion 12, or partially disposed between the first position-limiting portion 11 and the second position-limiting portion 12.

The pull rod 30 is provided with a third limiting portion 31 and a fourth limiting portion arranged at a left-right interval, and at least a part of the first buffer 20 is limited between the third limiting portion 31 and the fourth limiting portion in a deformable manner. In other words, the first cushion 20 is disposed between the third limiting portion 31 and the fourth limiting portion, wherein the first cushion 20 may be entirely disposed between the third limiting portion 31 and the fourth limiting portion, or partially disposed between the third limiting portion 31 and the fourth limiting portion.

Wherein, a second buffer member 50 is arranged between the first buffer member 20 and at least one of the cylinder 10 and the pull rod 30, and the second buffer member 50 is used for providing damping along the left-right direction for the first buffer member 20. For example, the second cushion member 50 may be provided between the cylinder 10 and the first cushion member 20, the second cushion member 50 may be provided between the pull rod 30 and the first cushion member 20, or the second cushion member 50 may be provided between the pull rod 30 and the first cushion member 20 or between the cylinder 10 and the first cushion member 20. Here, the position and the number of the second cushion members 50 are not fixed as long as the second cushion members 50 can provide damping in the left-right direction to the first cushion member 20.

For example, a second cushion member 50 may be disposed between the first cushion member 20 and the first stopper portion 11; a second cushion member 50 may be further provided between the first cushion member 20 and the second stopper portion 12; a second cushion member 50 may be further provided between the first cushion member 20 and the third stopper portion 31; a second cushion member 50 may be further provided between the first cushion member 20 and the fourth stopper portion. The second cushion 50 may be disposed inside the cylinder 10 or outside the cylinder 10.

In one embodiment, the second cushion member 50 is disposed inside the cylinder 10, and a second cushion portion is disposed between the third limiting portion 31 and the first cushion portion, and provides damping in the left-right direction to the first cushion member 20.

It can be understood that the second cushion portion provides the first cushion portion with damping in the left-right direction, and two-stage damping of the first cushion member 20 and the second cushion member 50 is realized to absorb energy, so that the cushion performance is better.

Therefore, according to the coupler buffer 100 of the embodiment of the invention, the second buffer member 50 is arranged, and the second buffer member 50 provides damping in the left-right direction for the first buffer member 20, so that two-stage damping can be realized, and the damping and buffering effects of the coupler are good.

In some embodiments, the second dampener 50 has a static stiffness that is less than the static stiffness of the first dampener 20. The first cushioning member 20 has a static stiffness greater than that of the second cushioning member 50, i.e., the coupler cushioning member absorbs impact energy during vehicle operation, wherein the second cushioning member 50 initially deforms and provides damping to the first cushioning member 20, and the first cushioning member 20 deforms and absorbs impact energy while or after the damping exceeds the static stiffness of the first cushioning member 20. In this way, the first and second dampers 20 and 50 can achieve two-stage damping.

Of course, the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, for example, the static stiffness of the second dampener 50 may be greater than the static stiffness of the first dampener 20.

In some embodiments, a second cushion 50 is disposed between at least one of the first, second, third and fourth limiting portions 11, 12, 31 and the first cushion 20. In other words, the position and the number of the first cushion member 20 are not limited as long as the second cushion member 50 can provide damping in the left-right direction to the first cushion member 20.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the first dampener 20 is a rubber damping structure and the second dampener 50 is a metal spring damping structure. In this way, the metal spring damping structure may provide damping to the rubber damping structure. It is easy to understand that the metal spring damping structure is easy to adjust, so that the rigidity of the technical spring can be directly adjusted to realize the adjustment of the rigidity and the energy absorption capacity of the coupler buffer piece under the condition of not changing the rubber damping structure, the rigidity and the energy absorption capacity are simply and flexibly adjusted, and the adaptability of the coupler buffer 100 is enhanced. In addition, in the process of absorbing the impact load, part of the impact load is born by the metal spring damping structure, the rubber damping structure bears the rest part of the impact load, large deformation is avoided, severe working conditions of shearing rubber are avoided, and the service life of the coupler buffer piece is prolonged.

In some preferred embodiments, the second dampener 50 is a spring with two end turns and a flat, ground surface. Thus, the stability of the spring is high and the first buffer 20 is not scratched. Wherein, the two ends of the spring are tightly coiled means that the last circle and the inner circle of the spring are tightly coiled, and the grinding means that the spring wire at the end part (namely the last circle) of the spring needs to be ground off, so that the end surface of the spring is perpendicular to the axis of the spring, and the two ends of the spring are parallel.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the first cushion member 20 is a straight tube extending in the left-right direction, the second cushion member 50 is a spiral tube extending in the left-right direction, the left end of the first cushion member 20 abuts against the first position-limiting portion 11, the left end of the second cushion member 50 abuts against the first cushion member 20, and the right end of the second cushion member 50 abuts against the fourth position-limiting portion. That is, the first stopper portion 11 defines a left limit position of the first cushion 20, a right end of the first cushion 20 defines a left limit position of the second cushion 50, and the fourth stopper portion defines a right limit position of the second cushion 50. Thus, when the coupler draft gear 100 bears the impact load, the second cushion member 50 reacts (compresses or stretches) quickly to absorb a part of energy, and the rest of the load is absorbed continuously through the deformation of rubber, so that the two members provide larger impact energy absorption capacity, and the service life of the coupler draft gear 100 on the vehicle is greatly prolonged while the capacity of the draft gear is improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the tie rod 30 penetrates the first cushion 20 in the left-right direction. In other words, at least a portion of the first cushion 20 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pull rod 30, so that the structure is stable. In addition, the third limiting portion 31 can limit the first buffer portion, and the pull rod 30 can transmit the load to the first buffer 20 when moving, so as to realize buffering.

In some embodiments, the first dampener 20 includes a left limit plate 21, a right limit plate 22, and a bumper block 23. Left limiting plate 21 and right limiting plate 22 are arranged at left and right intervals, and buffer block 23 left end face supports and leans on in left limiting plate 21, and the right end face of bolster supports and leans on right limiting plate 22. That is, the buffer block 23 is clamped between the left limit plate 21 and the right limit plate 22, the left limit plate 21 and the right limit plate 22 can apply pressure to the limit block, and when the left limit plate 21 applies rightward pressure to the limit block, the limit block deforms and transmits the pressure to the right limit plate 22; when the right limiting plate 22 applies a leftward pressure to the limiting block, the limiting block deforms, and the limiting block transmits the pressure to the left limiting plate 21.

In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the buffer block 23 is a hollow column, the left limiting plate 21 and the right limiting plate 22 each have a through hole opposite to the central through hole of the buffer, and the periphery of the through hole has a flange 24 embedded in the buffer. Like this, pull rod 30 can stretch into left limiting plate 21, buffer block 23 and right limiting plate 22 in proper order, also promptly pull rod 30 concatenates left limiting plate 21, buffer block 23 and right limiting plate 22 in proper order, and the atress performance is better, and turn-ups 24 stretches into the bolster, can further spacing to the bolster.

In an alternative embodiment, the bumper 23 includes a rubber post extending in the left-right direction. The buffer block 23 made of rubber material can absorb larger load, and has wide material source and lower cost.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the cylinder tube 10 is a straight tube extending in the left-right direction, the first limiting portion 11 is a left cylinder head connected to the left end portion of the cylinder tube 10, and the second limiting portion 12 is a right cylinder head connected to the right end portion of the cylinder tube 10. The cylinder barrel 10 is sealed by the left cylinder cover and the right cylinder cover, the left cylinder cover and the right cylinder cover play a role in sealing and limiting, and the structure is compact.

In some embodiments, at least a portion of the left head is embedded within the bore 10. Therefore, the connection contact area of the left cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel 10 is large, and the left cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel 10 are stably connected.

In some embodiments, at least a portion of the right head is embedded within the bore 10. Therefore, the connecting contact area of the right cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel 10 is large, and the right cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel 10 are stably connected.

In alternative embodiments, the left cylinder head and the cylinder barrel 10 are connected by screw fit, welding or integrated. Therefore, the left cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel 10 are stable in structure and good in stress performance.

In alternative embodiments, the right cylinder head is threadably engaged with, welded to, or integrally formed with the cylinder barrel 10. Therefore, the right cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel 10 are stable in structure and good in stress performance.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a coupler 40 is connected to the left cylinder head. A coupler 40 is coupled to the body, and the coupler 40 is used to transfer shock loads of the body to a coupler bumper.

Further, the right cylinder head has a central bore with a tie rod 30 extending from the central bore. The pull rod 30 can move left and right along the cylinder 10, so that the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece are deformed, and the purpose of buffering is achieved.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the first cushion member 20 has a straight cylindrical shape extending in the left-right direction, and the first cushion member 20 is provided inside the cylinder tube 10. That is, the first cushion member 20 is disposed within the cylinder 10 such that the coupler cushion member is compact.

In alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the area of the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder tube 10 opposite to the first cushion member 20 is recessed to form a groove 13. Thus, the first buffering member 20 is embedded in the groove 13, and the left end surface and the right end surface of the groove 13 limit the left limit position and the right limit position of the first buffering member 20, so that the installation is reasonable.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the third position-limiting portion 31 is a nut that is threadedly coupled to the pull rod 30. The third limiting portion 31 is a nut, and the nut is in threaded connection with the pull rod 30, so that the pretightening force of the first buffer member 20 and the pretightening force of the second buffer member 50 can be adjusted through adjusting the nut, and the adjustment is simple and the applicability is wide.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the pull rod 30 includes a first shaft segment 32 and a second shaft segment 33, the left end of the first shaft segment 32 is connected to the third position-limiting portion 31, the right end of the first shaft segment 32 is connected to the second shaft segment 33, the diameter of the second shaft segment 33 is larger than that of the first shaft segment 32, and the left end surface of the second shaft segment 33 is formed as a fourth position-limiting portion. The first shaft segment 32 penetrates the left limiting plate 21, the first and right limiting plates 20 and 22, and the second cushion 50, and the third limiting portion 31 is connected to the left side of the first shaft segment 32. The diameter of the second shaft section 33 is greater than that of the first shaft section 32, the second shaft section 33 and the first shaft section 32 form a step, which is a fourth limiting portion, and the left end surface of the fourth limiting portion abuts against the right limiting plate 22, so that the first cushion 20 is limited between the third limiting portion 31 and the fourth limiting portion.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the pull rod 30 further includes a third shaft section 34, the third shaft section 34 is located at the right side of the second position-limiting portion 12, the third shaft section 34 is spaced apart from the second position-limiting portion 12, and at least a portion of the third shaft section 34 is directly opposite to the second position-limiting portion 12 in the left-right direction. For example, when the second cushion 50 is a spring, the second cushion 50 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the second shaft section 33, and the diameter of the third shaft section is larger than that of the second shaft section 33, so that the second cushion 50 is limited between the right limiting plate 22 and the third shaft section 34.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the coupler draft gear 100 includes a cylinder 10, a left cylinder cover, a right cylinder cover, a rubber damping structure, a drawbar 30, a lock nut, a left limit plate 21, a right limit plate 22, a spring damping structure, and the like. The right cylinder cover, the rubber damping structure, the left limiting plate 21 and the right limiting plate 22 are all provided with middle through holes. The pull rod 30 is of a four-stage stepped shaft structure, and the small end of the pull rod 30 is provided with threads. During assembly, the small end of the pull rod 30 sequentially penetrates through the left cylinder cover, the left limiting plate 21, the rubber damping structure, the right limiting plate 22 and the adjusting spring, then the locking nut is used for locking, the whole cylinder 10 is arranged in the assembled cylinder, and the left cylinder cover and the right cylinder cover are respectively screwed on the cylinder 10.

The coupler buffer 100 can compress the rubber damping structure by adjusting the locking nut to press the left limiting plate 21 and the right limiting plate 22, and the pretightening force of the buffer is adjusted by setting the compression amount.

Wherein, the material of adjusting spring selects the stainless steel wire for the spring. And two ends of the adjusting spring are tightly lapped and flattened, and the two end lapped surfaces are respectively connected with the end faces of the right limiting plate 22 and the pull rod 30. The static stiffness of the adjusting spring is less than or equal to the stiffness of the rubber damping structure. The rubber damping structure is formed by alternately bonding natural rubber and aluminum plates. The rubber damping structure is produced by injection vulcanization molding.

The novel buffer is of a metal spring and rubber buffer series structure, provides two-stage vibration reduction and energy absorption effects, and when bearing impact load, the metal spring reacts rapidly to absorb a part of energy, and other loads continue to be absorbed through the deformation of rubber, so that the metal spring and the rubber buffer provide larger impact energy absorption capacity together. The capacity of the buffer is improved, and meanwhile, the service life of the buffer on a locomotive is greatly prolonged.

The vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a vehicle body and a coupler buffer 100, wherein the coupler buffer 100 is connected to the vehicle body, and the coupler buffer 100 is the coupler buffer 100 described above.

According to the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, the coupler buffer 100 is arranged, and the shock absorption effect of the vehicle is better.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.