阅读说明：本技术 用于煤和焦炭进行时温分析的控制系统 (Control system for time-temperature analysis of coal and coke ) 是由 龚红军 张伟 于 2019-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及工业时温分析领域,公开了一种用于煤和焦炭进行时温分析的控制系统,以便于煤和焦炭工业分析中对试样加热时间、温度两方面参数进行精确控制。本发明包括用户终端、PLC、智能仪表、功率器件、热电偶及马弗炉；所述用户终端与所述PLC通信,所述PLC分别与所述智能仪表、功率部件通信,所述智能仪表与所述温度传感器电连接,所述功率器件与所述马弗炉中的加热部件电连接；所述马弗炉设有烟囱和观察孔,所述烟囱与马弗炉的炉膛连通,且在所述烟囱中设置有阀门,所述观测孔正对所述马弗炉的炉膛恒温区域。本发明适用于煤和焦炭进行时温分析。(The invention relates to the field of industrial time-temperature analysis, and discloses a control system for time-temperature analysis of coal and coke, which is convenient for accurately controlling parameters of heating time and temperature of a sample in industrial analysis of the coal and the coke. The invention comprises a user terminal, a PLC, an intelligent instrument, a power device, a thermocouple and a muffle furnace; the user terminal is communicated with the PLC, the PLC is respectively communicated with the intelligent instrument and the power component, the intelligent instrument is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, and the power device is electrically connected with a heating component in the muffle furnace; the muffle furnace is provided with a chimney and an observation hole, the chimney is communicated with the hearth of the muffle furnace, a valve is arranged in the chimney, and the observation hole is opposite to the hearth constant-temperature area of the muffle furnace. The invention is suitable for time-temperature analysis of coal and coke.)

1. The control system for the time-temperature analysis of the coal and the coke is characterized by comprising a user terminal, a PLC, an intelligent instrument, a power device, a temperature sensor and a muffle furnace; the user terminal is communicated with the PLC, the PLC is respectively communicated with the intelligent instrument and the power component, the intelligent instrument is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, and the power device is electrically connected with a heating component in the muffle furnace;

the temperature sensor is used for detecting temperature data of a furnace chamber constant temperature area of the muffle furnace and feeding the detected temperature data back to the intelligent instrument;

the power component is used for controlling the heating power of the heating component according to a power control instruction sent by the PLC;

the PLC is solidified with a control program, and when the time-temperature analysis is carried out on the coal or coke, the PLC sends a power control instruction to the power component based on the control program and temperature data of a furnace chamber constant-temperature area of the muffle furnace;

the muffle furnace is provided with a chimney and an observation hole, the chimney is communicated with the hearth of the muffle furnace, a valve is arranged in the chimney, and the observation hole is opposite to the hearth constant-temperature area of the muffle furnace.

2. The control system for coal and coke time-temperature analysis according to claim 1, wherein the user terminal is a touch screen.

3. The control system for the time-temperature analysis of coal and coke of claim 1 wherein said temperature sensor is a thermocouple.

4. The control system for the time-temperature analysis of coal and coke according to claim 1 wherein said heating means is a hot plate.

5. The control system for the time-temperature analysis of coal and coke according to claim 1, wherein the PLC-solidified control program includes a volatile program, which is executed as follows:

stage 1: closing a valve in a chimney of the muffle furnace by a program, and enabling a heating component of the muffle furnace to be isolated from air for heating, so that the temperature of a constant temperature area of a hearth of the muffle furnace is increased from room temperature to 910 ℃;

stage 2: after the temperature of a constant temperature area of a hearth of the muffle furnace is kept at 910 ℃ for 5 minutes by the program, an alarm is given to remind a user that lofting can be performed, and the next section is automatically entered;

stage 3: when a user presses an operation key on a user terminal and the user starts to loft a furnace chamber constant-temperature area of the muffle furnace, the program starts to count down for ten seconds, and after the lofting is finished by the user, the program records the number of remaining seconds B and enters the next section;

and 4, stage: the program keeps the temperature of the furnace thermostatic zone of the muffle furnace at 900 ℃ for 7 minutes, and the program alarms to remind the user to sample when the countdown is B within the last 10 seconds of the heat preservation time of 7 minutes.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of industrial time-temperature analysis, in particular to a control system for time-temperature analysis of coal and coke.

Background

At present, the time-temperature program controller used in the field of industrial analysis of coal and coke mainly adopts a single chip microcomputer microprocessor as a core instrument, and in actual use, the defects that a curing program of the existing time-temperature program controller is easy to run away and crash due to various reasons such as unreasonable circuit design, unstable circuit board manufacturing quality, difficulty in eliminating electronic interference and the like, the temperature control precision is not high enough, the operation of the instrument is complex and the like exist, and the industrial standard requirements of the industrial analysis of the coal and coke at present are difficult to meet.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the control system for the time-temperature analysis of the coal and the coke is provided, so that the parameters of the heating time and the temperature of the sample can be accurately controlled in the industrial analysis of the coal and the coke.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the control system for the time-temperature analysis of the coal and the coke comprises a user terminal, a PLC, an intelligent instrument, a power device, a thermocouple and a muffle furnace; the user terminal is communicated with the PLC, the PLC is respectively communicated with the intelligent instrument and the power component, the intelligent instrument is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, and the power device is electrically connected with a heating component in the muffle furnace;

the temperature sensor is used for detecting temperature data of a furnace chamber constant temperature area of the muffle furnace and feeding the detected temperature data back to the intelligent instrument;

the power component is used for controlling the heating power of the heating component according to a power control instruction sent by the PLC;

the PLC is solidified with a control program, and when the time-temperature analysis is carried out on the coal or coke, the PLC sends a power control instruction to the power component based on the control program and temperature data of a furnace chamber constant-temperature area of the muffle furnace;

the muffle furnace is provided with a chimney and an observation hole, the chimney is communicated with the hearth of the muffle furnace, a valve is arranged in the chimney, and the observation hole is opposite to the hearth constant-temperature area of the muffle furnace.

Specifically, the user terminal can be a touch screen, and the touch screen can be used as a man-machine interactive interface, so that the method has the advantages of simplicity in operation, intuitive interface, strong operability, attractive appearance and the like.

Specifically, the temperature sensor may be a thermocouple.

In particular, the heating member may be a heating plate. The heating plate is adopted, so that the hearth is ensured to have an enough constant temperature area, and the hearth can be replaced in time even if the heating plate is damaged or the heating efficiency is poor, and the hearth is very convenient to replace.

Specifically, the control program for PLC solidification may include a volatilization program, and the execution flow of the volatilization program is as follows:

stage 1: closing a valve in a chimney of the muffle furnace by a program, and enabling a heating component of the muffle furnace to be isolated from air for heating, so that the temperature of a constant temperature area of a hearth of the muffle furnace is increased from room temperature to 910 ℃;

stage 2: after the temperature of a constant temperature area of a hearth of the muffle furnace is kept at 910 ℃ for 5 minutes by the program, an alarm is given to remind a user that lofting can be performed, and the muffle furnace automatically enters the next section

Stage 3: when a user presses an operation key on a user terminal and the user starts to loft a furnace chamber constant-temperature area of the muffle furnace, the program starts to count down for ten seconds, and after the lofting is finished by the user, the program records the number of remaining seconds B and enters the next section;

and 4, stage: the program keeps the temperature of the furnace thermostatic zone of the muffle furnace at 900 ℃ for 7 minutes, and the program alarms to remind the user to sample when the countdown is B within the last 10 seconds of the heat preservation time of 7 minutes.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes an intelligent temperature control instrument, a PLC and a touch screen to control the accurate time control, the intelligent temperature control and the program operation in the whole process, and can meet the control method of GB/T2001-2013 coke industrial analysis and determination method and GB/T212-2008 coal industrial analysis method on two parameters of time and temperature. The trial-produced time-temperature program control device based on the touch screen technology is simple and convenient to operate, has a human-computer interface, improves the temperature control precision, ensures that the reliability, the stability and the reproducibility of the device meet the high standard requirements of industrial analysis of coal and coke, and controls the quality of raw material coal and coke, thereby reducing energy consumption, lowering cost and improving efficiency. Summarizing, the advantages of the invention are as follows:

1. a special high-temperature muffle furnace is adopted to fix a controlled object, so that temperature control parameters are convenient to solidify, and the temperature control precision is improved;

2. an intelligent instrument, a temperature sensor and a power output device are applied to form a temperature measurement control system, so that the temperature measurement precision and the temperature control effect of the system are improved;

3. a PLC module is applied to form an accurate time control and programming system, so that the stability and the programming of the whole system are improved;

4. the touch screen and the serial port technology are applied to form a man-machine interactive interface, so that the operation is simple, the interface is visual, the operability is strong, and the appearance is attractive;

5. four general procedures for coal and coke industry analysis were cured: the system comprises a slow ash program, a fast ash program, a bonding program, a volatile program and a six-section programmable self-programming program for flexible use by a user;

6. the application of multiple alarm protection technologies (such as disconnected couple alarm, over-temperature alarm, power device protection function, and the like) effectively prolongs the service life of the device, and the maintenance is simple and convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the muffle of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the volatiles of the present invention

Numbering in the figures: 1-chimney; 2-heating plate; 3-a viewing aperture; 4-furnace door; 5-thermocouple; 6-constant temperature area; 7-insulating layer; 8-furnace supporting legs; 9-flue porcelain tube; 10-thermocouple porcelain tube; 11-valve.

Detailed Description

Aiming at the problems of a time-temperature program controller in the current market and simultaneously facilitating the satisfaction of the near-harsh process requirements of the time-temperature program controller in GB/T2001-2013 coke industrial analysis and determination method and GB/T212-2008 coal industrial analysis method, the invention provides a control system for time-temperature analysis of coal and coke, which comprises a touch screen, a PLC, an intelligent instrument, a power device, a thermocouple and a muffle furnace, as shown in figure 1; the touch screen is communicated with the PLC, the PLC is respectively communicated with the intelligent instrument and the power component, the intelligent instrument is electrically connected with the thermocouple, and the power component is electrically connected with the heating component in the muffle furnace.

The muffle furnace is used as a controlled object, so that the muffle furnace parameters can be conveniently cured by the intelligent instrument, the temperature control parameters can be intelligently stored, PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulation is optimized, and precise temperature control is realized. The muffle furnace is structurally shown in figure 2, and is different from a conventional muffle furnace in that the muffle furnace is also provided with a chimney and an observation hole, the chimney is communicated with a hearth of the muffle furnace, a valve is arranged in the chimney, and the observation hole is over against a hearth constant temperature area of the muffle furnace. According to the invention, the heating component of the muffle furnace adopts the heating plate, so that a hearth is ensured to have an enough constant temperature area, and the heating component can be replaced in time even if the heating plate is damaged or the heating efficiency is poor, and is very convenient to replace; the upper part of the rear wall of the furnace is provided with a chimney with the diameter of 25 mm-30 mm and the height of 108mm, so that the smoke is conveniently emitted during industrial analysis; the lower part is provided with a small hole for inserting the thermocouple, the position of the small hole is 20 mm-30 mm away from the bottom of the hearth, so that a hot junction of the inserted thermocouple is positioned in the middle of a constant temperature area, the furnace door is provided with an observation hole with the diameter of 40mm, and the larger observation hole is convenient for observing the state of a sample. The sample must be placed in furnace thermostatic zone, ensures the sample heating effect. And the conventional muffle furnace is only used as heating equipment, a chimney and an observation hole are not additionally arranged, and the requirement on a constant-temperature area is not high. The controlled object can be fixed by using the special muffle furnace, and the temperature control precision is improved.

The touch screen provides a human-computer interface, and realizes the selection of the functional module, the real-time display of time and temperature and the display of the system state.

The thermocouple is used for detecting temperature data of a furnace chamber constant temperature area of the muffle furnace and feeding the detected temperature data back to the intelligent instrument.

The power component is used for controlling the heating power of the heating component according to the power control instruction sent by the PLC, so that precise temperature control is realized.

The PLC is used as a core component of a control program, and four common programs of coal and coke industrial analysis are solidified: the PLC sends a power control instruction to the power component based on the control program and temperature data of a furnace chamber constant temperature area of the muffle furnace when analyzing the time and temperature of coal or coke.

In the invention, the slow ash program, the fast ash program and the bonding program of the PLC solidification are all existing programs, and can respectively complete the conventional slow ash, fast ash and bonding measurement control of a sample, and the volatile program of the PLC solidification is greatly different from the existing volatile program, in particular, the execution flow of the volatile program of the invention is as follows:

stage 1: closing a valve in a chimney of the muffle furnace by a program, and enabling a heating component of the muffle furnace to be isolated from air for heating, so that the temperature of a constant temperature area of a hearth of the muffle furnace is increased from room temperature to 910 ℃;

stage 2: after the temperature of a constant temperature area of a hearth of the muffle furnace is kept at 910 ℃ for 5 minutes by the program, an alarm is given to remind a user that lofting can be performed, and the muffle furnace automatically enters the next section

Stage 3: when a user presses a running key on a touch screen and the user starts to loft a furnace chamber constant-temperature area of the muffle furnace, the program starts to count down for ten seconds, and after the lofting is finished by the user, the program records the number of remaining seconds B and enters the next section;

and 4, stage: the temperature of a constant temperature area of a hearth of the muffle furnace is kept at 900 ℃ for 7 minutes, if the temperature can not be kept at (900 +/-10) ℃ after three minutes, an overtemperature alarm is given, and the sample is discarded. And when the last 10 seconds of the heat preservation time is 7 minutes, the program alarms to remind the user to sample when the countdown is B, the user immediately takes out the sample when the countdown is B, the temperature control program of the volatile component is finished, and the system automatically returns to the first stage to prepare the temperature control of the volatile component program of the next time.

The difference between the above volatilization procedures and the existing volatilization procedures is that:

the existing volatile component measurement is to control the temperature of a muffle furnace through a temperature control instrument and heat a sample according to the process requirements of the standard GB/T2001-2013 coke industrial analysis and measurement method and the GB/T212-2008 coal industrial analysis method, because the temperature control precision requirement of a volatile component program is quite high, the standard requirement can not be met generally, and the muffle furnace is heated to 920 ℃ to ensure that the air heating is isolated within 7min after the sample is put in, so that the furnace temperature is kept at (900 +/-10) ° C. The temperature is kept for 7min, and a manual stopwatch is generally adopted for timing.