阅读说明：本技术 一种气体静压主轴气膜速度场无扰测量实验装置 (Undisturbed measurement experiment device for air film speed field of gas static pressure main shaft ) 是由 陈国达 曹国锋 陈燚杰 卢奇 王明环 于 2019-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种气体静压主轴气膜速度场无扰测量实验装置,包括气体静压主轴系统、主轴驱动系统、FlowMaster测试系统、气源系统；气体静压主轴系统包括套设在主轴外部的轴套组件,轴套组件设有轴向节流孔、径向节流孔以及多组细孔；主轴驱动系统的电机转子为气体静压主轴系统的主轴提供驱动力；气源系统产生含有均匀示踪粒子的高压气体,气体进入气体静压主轴系统,在轴套组件与主轴之间形成高压气膜,为主轴提供支撑；FlowMaster测试系统中的激光发生器发射激光照射于气膜表面,CCD相机高频采集照射表面光线并成像储存；本发明能够实现气体静压主轴中气膜速度场测量,可绘制出气体静压主轴内气膜速度场随时间实时变化云图。(An undisturbed measurement experimental device for a gas film velocity field of a gas static pressure spindle comprises a gas static pressure spindle system, a spindle driving system, a FlowMaster testing system and a gas source system; the gas static pressure main shaft system comprises a shaft sleeve assembly sleeved outside the main shaft, and the shaft sleeve assembly is provided with an axial throttling hole, a radial throttling hole and a plurality of groups of fine holes; a motor rotor of the main shaft driving system provides driving force for a main shaft of the gas static pressure main shaft system; the gas source system generates high-pressure gas containing uniform tracer particles, the gas enters the gas static pressure main shaft system, and a high-pressure gas film is formed between the shaft sleeve assembly and the main shaft to support the main shaft; a laser generator in the FlowMaster test system emits laser to irradiate the surface of the air film, and a CCD (charge coupled device) camera collects light rays of the irradiated surface at high frequency and images and stores the light rays; the method can realize the measurement of the speed field of the air film in the gas static pressure main shaft and draw the cloud picture of the speed field of the air film in the gas static pressure main shaft changing along with time in real time.)

1. The utility model provides an experimental apparatus is measured to undisturbed of aerostatic pressure main shaft air film velocity field which characterized in that: the device comprises an air static pressure spindle system, a spindle driving system, a FlowMaster testing system and an air source system;

the gas static pressure main shaft system comprises an upper thrust plate, a lower thrust plate, a main shaft, a shaft sleeve assembly, a gas chamber outer sleeve assembly and a shaft sleeve fixing sleeve; the upper thrust disc and the lower thrust disc are coaxially and hermetically fixedly connected with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the main shaft respectively, and a concave cavity for accommodating the shaft sleeve assembly is formed by the upper thrust disc and the lower thrust disc;

the shaft sleeve assembly comprises a radial bearing sleeve and an axial thrust bearing plate, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the radial bearing sleeve are respectively provided with a clamping groove for mounting the axial thrust bearing plate; the shaft sleeve assembly is sleeved outside the main shaft, a cylindrical clearance groove is formed between the radial bearing sleeve and the main shaft, an annular clearance groove is formed between the axial thrust bearing plate and the main shaft, and air flow is introduced into the cylindrical clearance groove and the annular clearance groove to form an air film to support the main shaft; a plurality of axial throttling holes and radial throttling holes penetrate through the shaft sleeve assembly, the axial throttling holes are communicated with the cylindrical clearance groove, and the radial throttling holes are communicated with the annular clearance groove; the outer wall of the radial bearing sleeve is provided with a groove for accommodating the air chamber outer sleeve component, the air chamber outer sleeve component is sleeved outside the shaft sleeve component, and the upper and lower groove walls of the groove are hermetically connected with the upper and lower end faces of the air chamber outer sleeve component; the gap between the air chamber outer sleeve component and the shaft sleeve component forms an air chamber, and the air chamber is communicated with the air film through an axial throttling hole and a radial throttling hole; the air chamber outer sleeve component is also provided with an air inlet hole which is communicated with the air cavity;

the shaft sleeve component is provided with a plurality of groups of pores along the same radial section in a penetrating manner, and the wall surface of the air chamber outer sleeve component is provided with mounting through holes which correspond to the plurality of groups of pores in position one to one; each group of the fine holes comprises two fine holes, the two fine holes are respectively inserted into the corresponding linear laser generator and the CCD camera from the outside, the head of the laser generator is slightly lower than the inner wall of the shaft sleeve assembly, and the head of the CCD camera extends into the air film; the air chamber outer sleeve component and the shaft sleeve component are provided with through holes penetrating through the air chamber outer sleeve component and the shaft sleeve component, and ejector pins used for limiting the air chamber outer sleeve component and the shaft sleeve component to move axially are arranged in the through holes; the shaft sleeve fixing sleeve is sleeved outside the lower thrust disc but is not contacted with the lower thrust disc, and the lower end face of the radial bearing sleeve is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve fixing sleeve;

the spindle driving system comprises a motor rotor, a motor stator, a motor shaft, a motor rotor fixing baffle and a motor stator sleeve; the motor stator sleeve is sleeved outside the motor stator, the inner wall of the motor stator sleeve is provided with steps for limiting the axial movement of the motor stator, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the motor stator sleeve are respectively fixedly connected with the motor stator fixed baffle and the radial bearing sleeve; the motor rotor and the motor stator are correspondingly arranged, the motor rotor is sleeved on the motor shaft, the upper end surfaces of the motor rotor and the motor shaft are fixedly connected with the motor rotor fixing baffle, and the lower end surface of the motor shaft is fixedly connected with the upper push disc;

the FlowMaster test system comprises an array type sensing distribution assembly, an industrial control analysis table and a signal collector; the array type sensing distribution assembly comprises a laser generator and a CCD camera, the laser generator and the CCD camera are both connected to a signal collector through a shielding cable, and the signal collector is connected to the industrial control analysis table;

the gas source system comprises a gas source generator, a gas purification treatment device, a gas tracer particle mixing device and a gas inlet head; the air inlet is provided with an air inlet head matched with the air inlet, and the air inlet head is sequentially connected with a gas tracer particle mixing device, a gas purification treatment device and a gas source generator through pipelines.

2. The experimental device for undisturbed measurement of the speed field of the aerostatic spindle gas film according to claim 1, wherein: the air chamber outer sleeve component is equally divided into a first air chamber outer sleeve and a second air chamber outer sleeve along the same axial cross section, the outer side walls, close to the cross section, of the first air chamber outer sleeve and the second air chamber outer sleeve are provided with mounting lugs, and the first air chamber outer sleeve and the second air chamber outer sleeve are integrated into a whole through the mounting lugs by the fastening piece.

3. The experimental device for undisturbed measurement of the speed field of the aerostatic spindle gas film according to claim 1, wherein: the upper and lower groove walls of the groove are provided with annular blocking steps, an annular sealing hole is arranged on the contact surface of the blocking steps and the air chamber outer sleeve component, and a sealing piece is arranged in the sealing hole.

4. The experimental device for undisturbed measurement of the speed field of the aerostatic spindle gas film according to claim 1, wherein: the shaft sleeve assembly is provided with 3 radial sections at equal intervals along the axial direction of the shaft sleeve assembly, and each radial section is provided with 4 groups of fine holes at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve assembly.

5. The experimental device for undisturbed measurement of the speed field of the aerostatic spindle gas film according to claim 1, wherein: the upper thrust disc, the main shaft, the lower thrust disc, the shaft sleeve assembly and the air chamber outer sleeve assembly are all made of 38CrMoAl materials.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an undisturbed measurement experimental device for a gas film speed field of a gas static pressure main shaft.

Background

The ultra-precision machine tool is an important carrier for realizing ultra-precision machining, the main shaft is used as a core component of the ultra-precision machine tool, and the design precision of the main shaft determines the machining precision of the designed ultra-precision machine tool to a great extent. The aerostatic spindle is a common spindle used by an ultraprecise machine tool, and compared with other types of spindles, an important structural feature of the aerostatic spindle is that a pressure gas film is used as a working medium, so that the aerostatic spindle has irreplaceable effect in certain special occasions. The gas film flow field analysis is an important content of the gas static pressure main shaft research, and the gas film flow field distribution rule has an important influence on the main shaft rotation precision and the static dynamic characteristics, however, at present, researchers at home and abroad mainly use theories and simulation means such as numerical analysis and finite element simulation to research and analyze the gas film flow field distribution rule, and related experimental research is extremely lacked.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to realize undisturbed measurement of the gas film speed field of the gas static pressure main shaft and further improve the design level of the gas static pressure main shaft, the invention provides an undisturbed and high-reliability experimental device for undisturbed measurement of the gas film speed field of the gas static pressure main shaft.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an undisturbed measurement experimental device for a gas film velocity field of a gas static pressure spindle comprises a gas static pressure spindle system, a spindle driving system, a FlowMaster testing system and a gas source system;

the gas static pressure main shaft system comprises an upper thrust plate, a lower thrust plate, a main shaft, a shaft sleeve assembly, a gas chamber outer sleeve assembly and a shaft sleeve fixing sleeve; the upper thrust disc and the lower thrust disc are coaxially and hermetically fixedly connected with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the main shaft respectively, and a concave cavity for accommodating the shaft sleeve assembly is formed by the upper thrust disc and the lower thrust disc;

the shaft sleeve assembly comprises a radial bearing sleeve and an axial thrust bearing plate, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the radial bearing sleeve are respectively provided with a clamping groove for mounting the axial thrust bearing plate; the shaft sleeve assembly is sleeved outside the main shaft, a cylindrical clearance groove is formed between the radial bearing sleeve and the main shaft, an annular clearance groove is formed between the axial thrust bearing plate and the main shaft, and air flow is introduced into the cylindrical clearance groove and the annular clearance groove to form an air film to support the main shaft; a plurality of axial throttling holes and radial throttling holes penetrate through the shaft sleeve assembly, the axial throttling holes are communicated with the cylindrical clearance groove, and the radial throttling holes are communicated with the annular clearance groove; the outer wall of the radial bearing sleeve is provided with a groove for accommodating the air chamber outer sleeve component, the air chamber outer sleeve component is sleeved outside the shaft sleeve component, and the upper and lower groove walls of the groove are hermetically connected with the upper and lower end faces of the air chamber outer sleeve component; the gap between the air chamber outer sleeve component and the shaft sleeve component forms an air chamber, and the air chamber is communicated with the air film through an axial throttling hole and a radial throttling hole; the air chamber outer sleeve component is also provided with an air inlet hole which is communicated with the air cavity;

the shaft sleeve component is provided with a plurality of groups of pores along the same radial section in a penetrating manner, and the wall surface of the air chamber outer sleeve component is provided with mounting through holes which correspond to the plurality of groups of pores in position one to one; each group of the fine holes comprises two fine holes, the two fine holes are respectively inserted into the corresponding linear laser generator and the CCD camera from the outside, the head of the laser generator is slightly lower than the inner wall of the shaft sleeve assembly, and the head of the CCD camera extends into the air film; the air chamber outer sleeve component and the shaft sleeve component are provided with through holes penetrating through the air chamber outer sleeve component and the shaft sleeve component, and ejector pins used for limiting the air chamber outer sleeve component and the shaft sleeve component to move axially are arranged in the through holes; the shaft sleeve fixing sleeve is sleeved outside the lower thrust disc but is not contacted with the lower thrust disc, and the lower end face of the radial bearing sleeve is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve fixing sleeve;

the spindle driving system comprises a motor rotor, a motor stator, a motor shaft, a motor rotor fixing baffle and a motor stator sleeve; the motor stator sleeve is sleeved outside the motor stator, the inner wall of the motor stator sleeve is provided with steps for limiting the axial movement of the motor stator, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the motor stator sleeve are respectively fixedly connected with the motor stator fixed baffle and the radial bearing sleeve; the motor rotor and the motor stator are correspondingly arranged, the motor rotor is sleeved on the motor shaft, the upper end surfaces of the motor rotor and the motor shaft are fixedly connected with the motor rotor fixing baffle, and the lower end surface of the motor shaft is fixedly connected with the upper push disc;

the FlowMaster test system comprises an array type sensing distribution assembly, an industrial control analysis table and a signal collector; the array type sensing distribution assembly comprises a laser generator and a CCD camera, the laser generator and the CCD camera are both connected to a signal collector through a shielding cable, and the signal collector is connected to the industrial control analysis table;

the gas source system comprises a gas source generator, a gas purification treatment device, a gas tracer particle mixing device and a gas inlet head; the air inlet is provided with an air inlet head matched with the air inlet, and the air inlet head is sequentially connected with a gas tracer particle mixing device, a gas purification treatment device and a gas source generator through pipelines.

Furthermore, the air chamber overcoat subassembly is divided into first air chamber overcoat and second air chamber overcoat along same axial cross-section equidistribution, and is equipped with the installation ear on the lateral wall that first air chamber overcoat and second air chamber overcoat are close to the cross-section, and the fastener passes through the installation ear and constitutes a whole with first air chamber overcoat and second air chamber overcoat.

Furthermore, the upper groove wall and the lower groove wall of the groove are both provided with annular blocking steps, annular sealing holes are formed in the contact surfaces of the blocking steps and the air chamber outer sleeve component, and sealing pieces are arranged in the sealing holes.

Further, the shaft sleeve assembly is provided with 3 radial sections at equal intervals along the axial direction of the shaft sleeve assembly, and each radial section of the shaft sleeve assembly is provided with 4 groups of fine holes at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the shaft sleeve assembly.

Furthermore, the upper thrust plate, the main shaft, the lower thrust plate, the shaft sleeve component and the air chamber outer sleeve component are all made of 38CrMoAl materials.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can realize the measurement of the speed field of the air film in the gas static pressure main shaft, and can draw a cloud picture of the speed field of the air film in the gas static pressure main shaft changing along with time in real time; the device is based on Micro-PIV Micro flow field testing technology, the measuring precision is effectively guaranteed, and the engineering requirements can be completely met; the test process is free of interference, the reliability is high, and the reliability of the measurement result is high.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a hydrostatic spindle and its transmission structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a test sensing and control flow of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of an array sensing distribution assembly of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a lower thrust plate; 2. a shaft sleeve fixing sleeve; 3. a bushing assembly; 3-01, axial thrust bearing plate; 3-02, radial bearing sleeve; 3-03, axial orifice; 3-04, radial orifice; 4. an air cavity; 5. sealing the hole; 6. an upper thrust plate; 7. a motor stator sleeve; 8. a motor stator fixing baffle; 9. a motor rotor; 10. a motor rotor fixing baffle; 11. a motor stator; 12. an air chamber housing assembly; 12-01, a first air chamber outer sleeve; 12-02, a second air chamber outer sleeve; 13 a main shaft; 14. an air source generator; 15. a thimble; 16. a laser generator; 17. a CCD camera; 18. an industrial control analysis table; 19. a signal collector; 20. an air inlet head; 21. gas tracer particle mixing device, 22, gas purification processing apparatus.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto:

referring to the attached drawings, the undisturbed measurement experiment device for the gas film velocity field of the gas static pressure spindle comprises a gas static pressure spindle system, a spindle driving system, a FlowMaster testing system and a gas source system;

the gas static pressure main shaft system comprises an upper thrust plate 6, a lower thrust plate 1, a main shaft 13, a shaft sleeve component 3, an air chamber outer sleeve component 12 and a shaft sleeve fixing sleeve 2; the upper thrust disc 6 and the lower thrust disc 1 are coaxially and hermetically fixedly connected with the upper end face and the lower end face of the main shaft 13 respectively, and a concave cavity for accommodating the shaft sleeve assembly 3 is formed by the upper thrust disc, the lower thrust disc and the main shaft; the shaft sleeve component 3 comprises a radial bearing sleeve 3-02 and an axial thrust bearing plate 3-01, and the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the radial bearing sleeve 3-02 are respectively provided with a clamping groove for mounting the axial thrust bearing plate 3-01; the shaft sleeve component 3 is sleeved outside the main shaft, a cylindrical clearance groove is formed between the radial bearing sleeve 3-02 and the main shaft 13, an annular clearance groove is formed between the axial thrust bearing plate 3-01 and the main shaft 13, and an air film is formed in the cylindrical clearance groove and the annular clearance groove to support the main shaft 13; a plurality of axial throttling holes 3-03 and radial throttling holes 3-04 are arranged on the shaft sleeve component 3 in a penetrating mode, the axial throttling holes 3-03 are communicated with a cylindrical clearance groove, and the radial throttling holes 3-04 are communicated with an annular clearance groove;

the outer wall of the radial bearing sleeve 3-02 is provided with a groove for accommodating the air chamber outer sleeve component 12, the air chamber outer sleeve component 12 is sleeved outside the shaft sleeve component 3, and the upper and lower groove walls of the groove are hermetically connected with the upper and lower end faces of the air chamber outer sleeve component 12; the upper and lower groove walls of the groove are provided with annular blocking steps, an annular sealing hole 5 is arranged on the contact surface of the blocking steps and the air chamber outer sleeve component 12, and a sealing piece is arranged in the sealing hole 5; the air chamber outer sleeve component 12 is equally divided into a first air chamber outer sleeve 12-01 and a second air chamber outer sleeve 12-02 along the same axial section, the outer side walls, close to the section, of the first air chamber outer sleeve 12-01 and the second air chamber outer sleeve 12-02 are provided with mounting lugs, and the first air chamber outer sleeve 12-01 and the second air chamber outer sleeve 12-02 are integrated into a whole through the mounting lugs by a fastener; a gap between the air chamber outer sleeve component 12 and the shaft sleeve component 3 forms an air chamber 4, and the air chamber 4 is communicated with an air film through an axial throttling hole 3-03 and a radial throttling hole 3-04; the wall surface of the first air chamber outer sleeve 12-01 is also provided with an air inlet which is communicated with the air chamber 4;

the shaft sleeve component 3 is provided with four groups of pores along the same radial section in a penetrating way, and the wall surface of the air chamber outer sleeve component 12 is provided with mounting through holes which correspond to the positions of the four groups of pores one by one; each group of the fine holes comprises two fine holes, the two fine holes are respectively inserted into the corresponding linear laser generator 16 and the CCD camera 17 from the outside, the head of the laser generator 16 is slightly lower than the inner wall of the shaft sleeve component 3, and the head of the CCD camera 17 extends into the air film; the shaft sleeve component 3 is provided with three radial sections at equal intervals along the axial direction, and four groups of pores are arranged on each radial section of the shaft sleeve component 3 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction; the air chamber outer sleeve component 12 and the shaft sleeve component 3 are provided with through holes penetrating through the air chamber outer sleeve component 12 and the shaft sleeve component 3, and ejector pins 15 used for limiting the axial movement of the air chamber outer sleeve component 12 and the shaft sleeve component 3 are arranged in the through holes; the shaft sleeve fixing sleeve 2 is sleeved outside the lower thrust disc 1, and the lower end face of the radial bearing sleeve 3-02 is fixedly connected with the shaft sleeve fixing sleeve 2; the upper thrust disc 6, the main shaft 13, the lower thrust disc 1, the shaft sleeve component 3 and the air chamber outer sleeve component 12 are all made of 38CrMoAl materials;

the spindle driving system comprises a motor rotor 9, a motor stator 11, a motor shaft, a motor rotor fixing baffle 10 and a motor stator sleeve 7; the motor stator sleeve 7 is sleeved outside the motor stator 11, a step for limiting the axial movement of the motor stator 11 is arranged on the inner wall of the motor stator sleeve 7, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the motor stator sleeve 7 are fixedly connected with the motor stator fixing baffle 8 and the radial bearing sleeve 3-02 respectively; the motor rotor 9 and the motor stator 11 are correspondingly arranged, the motor rotor 9 is sleeved on the motor shaft, the upper end surfaces of the motor rotor 9 and the motor shaft are fixedly connected with the motor rotor fixing baffle plate 10, and the lower end surface of the motor shaft is fixedly connected with the upper push disc 6;

the FlowMaster test system comprises an array type sensing distribution assembly, an industrial control analysis table 18 and a signal collector 19; the array type sensing distribution assembly comprises a laser generator 16 and a CCD camera 17, the laser generator 16 and the CCD camera 17 are both connected to a signal collector 19 through a special shielded cable, and the signal collector 19 is connected to an industrial control analysis platform 18;

the gas source system comprises a gas source generator 14, a gas purification treatment device 22, a gas tracer particle mixing device 21 and a gas inlet head 20; an air inlet head 20 matched with the air inlet hole is arranged on the air inlet hole, and the air inlet head 20 is sequentially connected with a gas tracer particle mixing device 21, a gas purification treatment device 22 and a gas source generator 14 through pipelines.

The conception of the invention is as follows: when the gas static pressure main shaft 13 works, firstly, a gas source system works and generates high-pressure gas which contains uniform tracer particles and is reasonably processed, after the gas enters the shaft sleeve assembly 3, a high-pressure gas film is formed in a gap between the shaft sleeve assembly 3 and the main shaft 13 through a radial throttling hole 3-04 and an axial throttling hole 3-03 on the shaft sleeve assembly 3, and the high-pressure gas film acts on the main shaft 13 to play a role in bearing and lubricating; and then the frameless motor rotor 9 drives the motor shaft to rotate, so as to drive the main shaft 13, the upper thrust disc 6 and the lower thrust disc 7 to enter a high-speed rotation state. The laser generator 16 emits laser to irradiate the surface of the gas film, the tracing particles and other gas particles in the flow field show different reflection characteristics, and the CCD camera 17 collects light rays of the irradiation surface at high frequency and images and stores the light rays in the memory. The industrial control analysis station 18 processes the obtained images, and calculates the cross-correlation function of corresponding small regions in two continuous images through fast fourier transform analysis, so as to obtain the average displacement and speed of the tracer particle images in the two continuous images. The velocity information of the trace particles reflects the velocity information of the gas film flow field, and accordingly the distribution rule of the gas film velocity field can be finally obtained.

The working principle of the image processing, analysis and calculation of the industrial control analysis table 18 adopts the technical scheme disclosed by the following reference documents: rabbit, Roui, Wangbu Xuan. Micro-PIV three-dimensional measurement image processing and optimization research [ J ] thermal power engineering, 2012,27(4):442 + 448.

The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but rather by the equivalents thereof as may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.