阅读说明：本技术 稳定的腐殖质-储水物混杂物 (Stable humus-water storage mixture ) 是由 H.尼尼曼 M.施利夫 A.莫雷拉 P.兰格 R.索尔格 于 2018-05-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及稳定的腐殖质-储水物混杂物,其包括：由氧化和氨化处理的褐煤制成的有机肥料、以及至少一种选自矿物或有机来源的材料的储水组分,所述有机肥料的比例占0.5-99.9体积％、优选地1.0-90.0体积％,且所述至少一种储水组分的比例占0.1-99.5体积％、优选地10.0-99.0体积％。本发明还涉及所述稳定的腐殖质-储水物混杂物的制造方法及其作为栽培基质、用于栽培土壤的添加剂和用于土壤的添加剂的用途。(The invention relates to a stable humus-water storage mixture, comprising: an organic fertilizer made of oxidized and aminated lignite, said organic fertilizer being in a proportion of 0.5-99.9% by volume, preferably 1.0-90.0% by volume, and at least one water storage component selected from materials of mineral or organic origin, said at least one water storage component being in a proportion of 0.1-99.5% by volume, preferably 10.0-99.0% by volume. The invention also relates to a method for producing said stable humus-water-storing substance mixtures and to the use thereof as a cultivation substrate, as an additive for cultivation soil and as an additive for soil.)

1. A stable humus-water holding mixture comprising: an organic fertilizer made of oxidized and aminated lignite, said organic fertilizer being in a proportion of 0.5-99.9% by volume, preferably 1.0-90.0% by volume, and at least one water storage component selected from materials of mineral or organic origin, said at least one water storage component being in a proportion of 0.1-99.5% by volume, preferably 10.0-99.0% by volume, each based on the total volume of said stable humic substance-water storage hybrid, wherein

The organic fertilizer has a C/N ratio of 7 to 15 and nitrogen is present in a chemically different bonding manner with respect to total nitrogen, wherein

-20-45% are present as ammonium nitrogen,

-55-80% are organically bonded; and

up to 20% of the total nitrogen being organically bound as amide, and

up to 60% of the total nitrogen is organically bound in such a way that it cannot be hydrolyzed as an amide,

the material of mineral origin is selected from clay minerals, clay mineral-containing substances, perlite, sheet silicates, clays, bentonites, hectorites, montmorillonites, vermiculites, zeolites, sepiolites, attapulgite, calcined clays, expanded shales, pozzolans, pumice, silica gels, and smectites, and

the material of organic origin is selected from the group consisting of compost, composted farmyard manure, coal products, lignocellulosic material, wood fibres, wood wool, coconut fibres, hemp fibres, and flax fibres.

2. Stable humic substance-water storage hybrid according to claim 1 wherein the proportion of the organic fertilizer is comprised between 0.5 and 20.0 vol%, preferably between 1.0 and 10.0 vol%, particularly preferably between 1.0 and 5.0 vol% and the proportion of the at least one water storage component is comprised between 80 and 99.5 vol%, preferably between 90.0 and 99.0 vol%, particularly preferably between 95.0 and 99.0 vol%.

3. Stable humic substance-water storage hybrid according to claim 1 wherein the proportion of the organic fertilizer is from 20.0 to 99.0% by volume, preferably from 50.0 to 95.0% by volume, more preferably from 70.0 to 90.0% by volume, especially preferably about 90.0% by volume and the proportion of the at least one water storage component is from 1.0 to 80.0% by volume, preferably from 5.0 to 50.0% by volume, more preferably from 10.0 to 30.0% by volume, especially preferably about 10.0% by volume.

4. Stable humic substance-water storage hybrid according to claim 1 wherein the proportion of the organic fertilizer is comprised between 0.5 and 99.5 vol%, preferably between 5.0 and 95.0 vol%, more preferably between 10.0 and 90.0 vol%, especially preferably between 20.0 and 80.0 vol% and the proportion of the at least one water storage component is comprised between 0.5 and 99.5 vol%, preferably between 5.0 and 95.0 vol%, more preferably between 10.0 and 90.0 vol%, especially preferably between 20.0 and 80.0 vol%.

5. Stable humic substance-water storage mixture according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the organic fertilizer is obtainable by a process comprising the process steps of:

a) converting lignite and an aqueous ammonia solution having a pH of more than 9 to 12 into a suspension and first alkali-activating the suspension without supplying an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent;

b) feeding an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent into a suspension of lignite and an aqueous ammonia solution, wherein the oxidation is operated at a reaction temperature of <100 ℃ and a pressure of 0.1-1 MPa;

c) thickening the product suspension obtained in step b) to a dispersion in an aqueous environment or drying the product suspension obtained in step b) to a dry product without supplying an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent, and finally cooling, thereby recovering the organic fertilizer.

6. Use of the stabilized humus-aquifer blend according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as an additive for cultivation soil or a substrate additive for soil improvement for substrates or soils lacking carbon, requiring stabilized humus or capable of being improved with stabilized humus and being permeable and requiring improvement with respect to water conditions.

7. Use of a stable humic-water storage hybrid according to claim 6 as an additive for cultivation soil wherein the hybrid comprises from 0.1 to 90.0 volume%, preferably from 0.5 to 20.0 volume%, particularly preferably from 1.0 to 10.0 volume% of the cultivation soil.

8. Use of the stabilized humus-water storage blend according to claim 6 as a substrate additive for soil improvement of substrates or soils which need stabilized humus or can be improved with stabilized humus and are permeable and need to be improved with respect to water conditions for carbon deficiency, wherein the blend comprises 0.1-90.0 wt.%, preferably 0.1-30.0 wt.%, more preferably 0.1-15.0 wt.%, particularly preferably 1.0-10.0 wt.% of the uppermost 20cm thick soil layer.

9. Use of a stable humic-water storage hybrid as a cultivation substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the at least one water storage component comprises at least one material of organic origin.

10. Method for producing a stable humus-water-storing mixture, comprising the following method steps:

a) converting lignite and an aqueous ammonia solution having a pH of more than 9 to 12 into a suspension and first alkali-activating the suspension without supplying an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent;

b) feeding an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent into a suspension of lignite and an aqueous ammonia solution, wherein the oxidation is operated at a reaction temperature of <100 ℃ and a pressure of 0.1-1 MPa;

c) thickening the product suspension obtained in step b) to a dispersion in an aqueous environment or drying the product suspension obtained in step b) to a dry product without supplying an oxygen-containing oxidizing agent, and finally cooling, thereby recovering an organic fertilizer;

d) combining or mixing at least one water holding component selected from materials of mineral or organic origin with the product suspension or the organic fertilizer of step c), respectively, thereby obtaining a stable humus-water holding hybrid;

wherein in the stabilized humic substance-water-holding mixture produced in this way the proportion of the organic fertilizer is 0.5 to 99.9% by volume, preferably 1.0 to 90.0% by volume, and the proportion of the at least one water-holding component is 0.1 to 99.5% by volume, preferably 10.0 to 99.0% by volume, each based on the total volume of the stabilized humic substance-water-holding mixture, wherein the organic fertilizer has a C/N ratio of 7 to 15 and nitrogen is present in a chemically differently bonded manner with respect to the total nitrogen, wherein

-20-45% are present as ammonium nitrogen,

-55-80% are organically bonded; and

up to 20% of the total nitrogen being organically bound as amide, and

up to 60% of the total nitrogen is organically bound in such a way that it cannot be hydrolyzed as an amide,

the material of mineral origin is selected from clay minerals, clay mineral-containing substances, perlite, sheet silicates, clays, bentonites, hectorites, montmorillonites, vermiculites, zeolites, sepiolites, attapulgite, calcined clays, expanded shales, pozzolans, pumice, silica gels, and smectites, and the material of organic origin is selected from compost, composted farmyard manure, coal products, lignocellulosic materials, wood fibers, wood wool, coconut fibers, hemp fibers, and flax fibers.

11. A stable humus-aquifer blend obtainable by the method of claim 10.

Examples