阅读说明：本技术 一种单粒播种的包衣花生及其制作方法 (Coated peanut sowed in single seed and its making process ) 是由 郭峰 万书波 张佳蕾 张正 唐朝辉 范仲学 王建国 李新国 杨莎 孟静静 高进华 于 2019-10-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于花生种植领域,具体涉及一种单粒播种的包衣花生及其制作方法。在其外部包裹两层物质,第一层为600g/L吡虫啉悬浮种衣剂和25g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂的兑水混合物；第二层为木炭与明胶溶液混合物；通过包裹两层物质,使其形成颗粒均匀的包衣花生,便于单粒精播,另外加入杀虫杀菌药剂,可同时满足花生杀虫杀菌的要求,提高成活率及产量,最终实现高质量机械化作业。(The invention belongs to the field of peanut planting, and particularly relates to single-seed-sowed coated peanuts and a manufacturing method thereof. Two layers of substances are wrapped outside the seed coating, and the first layer is a water-blended mixture of 600g/L imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent and 25g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent; the second layer is a mixture of charcoal and gelatin solution; by coating two layers of substances, the coated peanuts with uniform particles are formed, single-grain precision sowing is facilitated, in addition, the insecticidal and bactericidal agent is added, the insecticidal and bactericidal requirements of the peanuts can be met, the survival rate and the yield are improved, and finally high-quality mechanized operation is realized.)

1. The coated peanut for single-seed sowing is characterized in that two layers of substances are coated outside the coated peanut, wherein the first layer is a water-blended mixture of 600g/L imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent and 25g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent; the second layer is a mixture of charcoal and gelatin solution.

2. The single-seeded coated peanut of claim 1, wherein the first layer comprises a 1:1 water-blended mixture of 600g/L imidacloprid suspension and 25g/L fludioxonil suspension in a volume ratio of 1: 1.

3. The single-seeded coated peanut of claim 1, wherein the second layer is prepared by a process comprising: melting gelatin in 28-30 deg.C warm water to obtain 28-32% gelatin solution, adding the gelatin solution into charcoal powder, and stirring until the mixture is moist and is not easy to loose when being held by hand.

4. A method of making the single-seeded coated peanut of claim 1 comprising the steps of:

(1) screening the peanut seeds in a grading particle size manner; spraying peanut seeds with imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent and fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent while stirring, and taking uniform seed coating as a standard;

(2) melting gelatin in warm water to obtain 28-32% gelatin solution, adding gelatin solution into charcoal powder with particle size of 0.1-0.5mm, stirring until the mixture is wet and is held by hand to form a mass, to obtain charcoal and gelatin solution mixture;

(3) wrapping the seeds in the step (1) into round particles by using a mixture of charcoal and gelatin solution, and keeping the outer layer loose and having certain tiny pores; drying with air below 30 deg.C, bagging, and sealing.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the conditions for classifying and screening the peanut seeds in the step (1) are as follows: screening seeds with the grain length of 1.8-2.2cm as medium-large grain varieties, and screening small-grain varieties of the seeds with the grain length of 1.4-1.6 cm.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the conditions for the coating in the step (3) are as follows: so as to completely wrap the seeds, and the distance between the outer side of the particles and the top of the radicle and the top of the cotyledon is not less than 1 mm.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the conditions for the coating in the step (3) are as follows: the medium and large seeds are uniformly wrapped into particles with the diameter of 2.4-2.5cm, and the small seeds are uniformly wrapped into particles with the diameter of 1.8-1.9 cm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of peanut planting, and particularly relates to single-seed-sowed coated peanuts and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

The peanut seeds are divided into five shapes, namely oval, triangular, peach-shaped, conical and cylindrical. The shape difference of seeds among varieties is large, for example, the seeds of common varieties are elliptical and slender, and the pearl bean varieties are peach-shaped and short round. The seeds have large size difference among varieties, mainly determined by genetic factors, and can be divided into large-grain type, medium-grain type and small-grain type. Due to the fact that peanut seeds are non-circular in shape, the existing peanut seeder is difficult in seed discharging, inaccurate in seed discharging, easy in seed coat dropping and easy in seed crushing, the phenomenon that 2 grains and 3 grains are easily discharged in a single-seed discharging device is easily caused, the seed consumption of peanuts is increased, the phenomena of same-hole multi-plant competition and severe seedling size are caused, the agronomic requirement of single-seed sowing cannot be met, and the sowing quality and the peanut yield are seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the application provides a peanut capable of realizing single-seed sowing, two layers of substances are wrapped outside the peanut to form a coated peanut with uniform particles, single-seed fine sowing is facilitated, and in addition, the insecticidal and bactericidal agent is added, so that the insecticidal and bactericidal requirements of the peanut can be met simultaneously, and high-quality mechanized operation is realized.

A single-seed-sowed coated peanut is characterized in that two layers of substances are coated outside the coated peanut, wherein the first layer is a water-blended mixture of 600g/L imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent and 25g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent; the second layer is a mixture of charcoal and gelatin solution.

The volume ratio of 600g/L imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent to 25g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent in the first layer is 1:1, and water is added.

The preparation method of the second layer comprises the following steps: melting gelatin in 28-30 deg.C warm water to obtain 28-32% gelatin solution, adding the gelatin solution into charcoal powder, and stirring until the mixture is moist and is not easy to loose when being held by hand.

The preparation method of the single-seed-sowed coated peanut comprises the following steps:

(1) screening the peanut seeds in a grading particle size manner; spraying peanut seeds with imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent and fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent while stirring, and taking uniform seed coating as a standard;

(2) melting gelatin in warm water to obtain 28-32% gelatin solution, adding gelatin solution into charcoal powder (particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm), stirring until the mixture is wet and is not loosened by hand holding, to obtain charcoal and gelatin solution mixture;

(3) wrapping the seeds in the step (1) into round particles by using a mixture of charcoal and gelatin solution, and keeping the outer layer loose and having certain tiny pores; drying with air below 30 deg.C, bagging, and sealing.

The condition for screening the grading particle size of the peanut seeds in the step (1) is as follows: screening seeds with the grain length of 1.8-2.2cm as medium-large grain varieties, and screening small-grain varieties of the seeds with the grain length of 1.4-1.6 cm.

The wrapping conditions in the step (3) are as follows: so as to completely wrap the seeds, and the distance between the outer side of the particles and the top of the radicle and the top of the cotyledon is not less than 1 mm.

The wrapping conditions in the step (3) are as follows: the medium and large seeds are uniformly wrapped into particles with the diameter of 2.4-2.5cm, and the small seeds are uniformly wrapped into particles with the diameter of 1.8-1.9 cm.

According to the requirements of single-seed precision sowing, the peanut seeds are treated by adopting a method of coating after grading according to different sizes of the seeds, and meanwhile, the insect-proof bactericide is added according to the requirement of improving the survival rate of the peanut seeds, so that double guarantee is realized, and the survival rate and the yield of the peanut are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a left view of the embedding effect of medium and large-sized seeds; the right part is a small-particle seed embedding effect picture.

The invention has the advantages of

1. Is convenient for single-grain precision seeding

The graded coating is adopted, and the peanuts with different shapes are prepared into coated peanut seeds with uniform sizes, so that the single-seed precision seeding of the peanut seeder is facilitated, the miss-seeding rate and the double-seed rate are reduced, the seeding quality is ensured, the large and small seedlings are reduced, and the uniform, uniform and strong seedlings are realized.

2. Preventing insects, sterilizing and increasing peanut survival rate

The insect-proof bactericide is added into the inner layer, namely the first layer, so that the rottenness of seeds is reduced, the survival rate and the emergence rate of peanuts are improved, and meanwhile, the outer layer, namely the second layer, is wrapped to realize the gradual release of the insect-proof bactericide, and the insect-proof bactericide needs of the peanuts in the whole germination period are maintained.

3. Is convenient for industrialization

Simple operation and easy realization of industrial production.

Detailed Description

The preparation method of the charcoal and gelatin solution mixture comprises the following steps: melting gelatin in 28-30 deg.C warm water to obtain 28-32% gelatin solution, adding the gelatin solution into charcoal powder (particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm), and stirring until the mixture is moist and is not loose when being held by hand.

The preparation method of the mixture of 600g/L imidacloprid suspension seed coating agent and 25g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent comprises the following steps: the imidacloprid suspension seed coating is prepared according to the method of the volume ratio of 1:1, namely, 20mL of 600g/L imidacloprid suspension seed coating is mixed with 20mL of fludioxonil suspension seed coating for standby.