阅读说明：本技术 一种茶叶的生物农药及其制备方法 (Biological pesticide for tea and preparation method thereof ) 是由 王能棋 于 2019-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种茶叶的生物农药,由以下重量份原料制成：苦楝子5-10份、苦楝皮5-10份、苦参碱2-5份、酒精40-50份、甲醇10-20份、烟头10-20份、烟灰10-20份、干辣椒5-10份、水800-1000份。本发明常温超声波强化萃取,无需高温,不会破坏苦楝皮和苦楝子中某些具有热不稳定性、易水解或易氧化的药效成分,常压萃取,安全性能好,操作简单易行,能源消耗少,节约成本,制备出的生物农药对茶叶的病虫害防治效果好,且为植物提取,安全健康。(The invention discloses a tea biopesticide, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of chinaberry seed, 5-10 parts of chinaberry bark, 2-5 parts of matrine, 40-50 parts of alcohol, 10-20 parts of methanol, 10-20 parts of cigarette end, 10-20 parts of cigarette ash, 5-10 parts of dried pepper and 1000 parts of water 800-. The invention enhances the extraction by ultrasonic wave at normal temperature, does not need high temperature, does not destroy certain drug effect components which have thermal instability and are easy to hydrolyze or oxidize in the cortex meliae and the chinaberry seeds, extracts at normal pressure, has good safety performance, simple and easy operation, low energy consumption and cost saving, and the prepared biological pesticide has good effect of preventing and treating the diseases and insect pests of the tea leaves, is extracted from plants, and is safe and healthy.)

1. A biological pesticide for tea, which is characterized in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of chinaberry seed, 5-10 parts of chinaberry bark, 2-5 parts of matrine, 40-50 parts of alcohol, 10-20 parts of methanol, 10-20 parts of cigarette end, 10-20 parts of cigarette ash, 5-10 parts of dried pepper and 1000 parts of water 800-.

2. The biopesticide of tea leaves according to claim 1, wherein: the alcohol is 75% alcohol solution.

3. The biopesticide of tea leaves according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the methanol to the alcohol to the cortex meliae to the fructus meliae is 4.8: 1.6:0.8:0.8.

4. A process for the preparation of biopesticide of tea leaves according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing cortex Meliae and fructus Toosendan, pulverizing, adding methanol and ethanol, and placing into ultrasonic extraction pot, wherein the frequency of ultrasonic wave is 28 double frequency, the power is 3000W, and the extraction time is 35-45min to obtain mixed extract of cortex Meliae and fructus Toosendan;

(2) cutting dried Capsici fructus, tearing cigarette end, adding into a pot together with cigarette ash, adding water, decocting for 30-45min, soaking for 24 hr, decocting for 30-45min, and filtering;

(3) mixing the solutions obtained in the steps (1) and (2), and adding matrine.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to a tea biopesticide and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the social progress and the improvement of the living standard of people, the requirements of people on the food quality are more and more strict, due to the development of chemical industry and the unreasonable application of fertilizers, pesticides or growth hormones and the like in the production management of tea gardens, indexes such as pesticide residues, heavy metals and the like in tea leaves exceed the specified standards, meanwhile, the ecological environment of the tea gardens is damaged, natural ecological resources such as water, soil, gas and the like are polluted, the soil quality of the tea gardens is reduced, the ecological imbalance is caused, the quality and the benefit of the tea leaves are seriously influenced, and the sustainable development of the tea industry is hindered. The existing tea tree planting process needs to control plant diseases and insect pests, and most of the plant diseases and insect pests in the tea garden comprise tea leaf white star disease and tea cake disease; the existing prevention and control methods mostly use chemical pesticides, so that the pesticide residue of tea leaves generally exceeds the standard, the quality of the tea leaves is greatly reduced, and the long-term invisibility of the tea leaves harms the physical health of consumers. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a biological pesticide for tea leaves so as to reduce the application of chemical pesticides and improve the quality of the tea leaves.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a tea biopesticide and a preparation method thereof.

A biological pesticide for tea is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of chinaberry seed, 5-10 parts of chinaberry bark, 2-5 parts of matrine, 40-50 parts of alcohol, 10-20 parts of methanol, 10-20 parts of cigarette end, 10-20 parts of cigarette ash, 5-10 parts of dried pepper and 1000 parts of water 800-.

Further, the alcohol is a 75% alcohol solution.

In order to ensure that the effective components of the cortex meliae and the chinaberry seeds are fully released, the ratio of the methanol to the alcohol to the cortex meliae and the chinaberry seeds is 4.8: 1.6:0.8:0.8.

The preparation method of the tea biopesticide comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing cortex Meliae and fructus Toosendan, pulverizing, adding methanol and ethanol, and placing into ultrasonic extraction pot, wherein the frequency of ultrasonic wave is 28 double frequency, the power is 3000W, and the extraction time is 35-45min to obtain mixed extract of cortex Meliae and fructus Toosendan;

(2) cutting dried Capsici fructus, tearing cigarette end, adding into a pot together with cigarette ash, adding water, decocting for 30-45min, soaking for 24 hr, decocting for 30-45min, and filtering;

(3) mixing the solutions obtained in the steps (1) and (2), and adding matrine.

The cigarette end is the rest part of the cigarette after smoking.

If mass production is required, food preservative can be added into the solution to prevent deterioration of the medicine and influence on the effect of the medicine.

Compared with the prior art, the tea biopesticide and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that: 1. the normal-temperature ultrasonic enhanced extraction does not need high temperature, and certain medicinal components with thermal instability, easy hydrolysis or easy oxidation in the cortex meliae and the fructus meliae cannot be damaged; 2. the invention extracts at normal pressure, the safety performance is good, the operation is simple and easy, the energy consumption is low, and the cost is saved; 3. the biopesticide prepared by the invention has good effect of preventing and controlling diseases and pests of tea leaves, is extracted from plants, and is safe and healthy.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples, which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.