阅读说明：本技术 一种素花党参虫害防治剂及其制备方法 (Suhua codonopsis pilosula pest control agent and preparation method thereof ) 是由 王夏丰 于 2018-07-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种素花党参虫害防治剂及其制备方法,属于农药领域。该虫害防治剂,采用以下重量份数的原料制备：植物油3-5份、烟草20-30份、正己烷5-7份、香薷40-50份、缓冲溶液20-25份、艾叶3-5份、柠檬桉叶6-8份、破血丹10-15份、钩吻5-10份、百条根5-10份、臭椿叶40-50份、70％乙醇溶液8-10份、65％乙醇溶液20-30份、甲醇10-15份、苯扎溴胺5-10份、α-淀粉酶3-5份、3.5％反丁烯二酸15-20份、软化水20-30份。本发明的虫害防治剂对蛴螬的防治率可达91％以上,地老虎的防治率可达89％以上,蝼蛄的防治率可达87％以上,蚜虫的防治率可达85％以上,红蜘蛛的防治率可达88％以上,根腐病的防治率可达70％以上。(The invention discloses a vegetarian codonopsis pilosula pest control agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of pesticides. The insect pest control agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of vegetable oil, 20-30 parts of tobacco, 5-7 parts of n-hexane, 40-50 parts of Chinese mosla herb, 20-25 parts of buffer solution, 3-5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 6-8 parts of eucalyptus citriodora leaves, 10-15 parts of hydrangea root, 5-10 parts of gelsemium elegans, 5-10 parts of crowbar root, 40-50 parts of ailanthus leaves, 8-10 parts of 70% ethanol solution, 20-30 parts of 65% ethanol solution, 10-15 parts of methanol, 5-10 parts of benzalkonium bromide, 3-5 parts of alpha-amylase, 15-20 parts of 3.5% fumaric acid and 20-30 parts of softened water. The pest control agent of the invention has a prevention and control rate of more than 91 percent on grubs, a prevention and control rate of more than 89 percent on cutworms, a prevention and control rate of more than 87 percent on mole crickets, a prevention and control rate of more than 85 percent on aphids, a prevention and control rate of more than 88 percent on red spiders and a prevention and control rate of more than 70 percent on root rot.)

1. A vegetarian codonopsis pilosula pest control agent is characterized in that: the raw materials with the following parts by weight are adopted: 3-5 parts of vegetable oil, 20-30 parts of tobacco, 5-7 parts of n-hexane, 40-50 parts of Chinese mosla herb, 20-25 parts of buffer solution, 3-5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 6-8 parts of eucalyptus citriodora leaves, 10-15 parts of hydrangea root, 5-10 parts of gelsemium elegans, 5-10 parts of crowbar root, 40-50 parts of ailanthus leaves, 8-10 parts of 70% ethanol solution, 20-30 parts of 65% ethanol solution, 10-15 parts of methanol, 5-10 parts of benzalkonium bromide, 3-5 parts of alpha-amylase, 15-20 parts of 3.5% fumaric acid and 20-30 parts of softened water.

2. The vegetarian codonopsis pilosula pest control agent according to claim 1, wherein: the vegetable oil consists of corn oil, sunflower oil and peanut oil in a weight ratio of 1-3:2-4: 1-3.

3. The vegetarian codonopsis pilosula pest control agent according to claim 1, wherein: the buffer solution is acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution with pH value of 4.5.

4. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

(1) mixing and placing elsholtzia and tobacco into a drying furnace for drying until the moisture content is below 5%, then crushing and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve, then adding alpha-amylase into the obtained powder and spraying a buffer solution, then placing the powder into a closed container and placing the powder in a water bath at 50-60 ℃ for 60-70min, then raising the temperature of the water bath to 90-100 ℃ and maintaining the temperature for 10-15min at constant temperature, then adding a 65% ethanol solution into the powder, placing the powder into a microwave extractor with the microwave power of 300 and 600W for extraction for 30-45min, then filtering to obtain an extracting solution, then adding n-hexane into the obtained filter residue and standing the residue in a ventilation cabinet for 10-12h, then carrying out suction filtration, collecting filtrate and combining the filtrate with the extracting solution;

(2) soaking ailanthus leaves in 3.5% fumaric acid for 10-15h, mixing the ailanthus leaves and folium artemisiae argyi after soaking, putting the mixture into a low-temperature drying furnace, drying until the surface moisture content is below 0.2%, grinding the dried ailanthus leaves and folium artemisiae argyi into powder, sieving the powder with a 60-mesh sieve, putting the powder into 70% ethanol solution, stirring for 3-5min, standing at 30-40 ℃ for 12-15h, performing centrifugal filtration, mixing and stirring supernatant obtained after the centrifugal filtration and liquid obtained in the step (1), and then putting the mixture into a rotary evaporator at 40-45 ℃ for concentration to obtain a concentrate;

(3) mixing gelsemium elegans and hundreds of roots, putting into a grinder, pulverizing into powder, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, putting into softened water, steaming and boiling at the temperature of 90-100 ℃ for 30-40min, standing until the temperature is 30-40 ℃, filtering, collecting filtrate, adding methanol into obtained filter residue, stirring, heating and refluxing at the reflux temperature of 50-60 ℃, collecting obtained liquid after the reflux is finished, and mixing with the concentrate obtained in the step (2) to obtain mixed liquid;

(4) grinding the eucalyptus citriodora leaves and the rambutan into fine powder, sieving the fine powder with a 80-mesh sieve, adding the filtrate collected in the step (3), stirring, putting the mixture into a molecular distillation device for distillation for 15-20min, adding benzalkonium bromide, standing the mixture at a constant temperature of 15-20 ℃ for 45-50min, adding vegetable oil, fully shaking, filtering to obtain filtrate, mixing the filtrate with the mixed solution obtained in the step (3), further concentrating the mixture in a vacuum concentrator, and obtaining the codonopsis pilosula vegetarian insect pest control agent after the concentration treatment is finished.

5. The method for preparing a codonopsis pilosula vegetarian insect pest control agent according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) diluting the pest control agent for the vegetarian codonopsis pilosula in the step (4) by 5 times, mixing the diluted pest control agent with cottonseed cakes in an amount which is 0.5 time of that of the diluted pest control agent for the vegetarian codonopsis pilosula, spreading the diluted pest control agent on seedling roots, furrow surfaces or furrow grooves of the vegetarian codonopsis pilosula for controlling underground pests of the vegetarian codonopsis pilosula, and spraying the diluted pest control agent after diluting the diluted pest control agent by 10 times for controlling.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a codonopsis pilosula vegetarian insect pest control agent and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The vegetarian codonopsis pilosula, also known as western codonopsis, Campanulaceae, Codonopsis genus plant, is distributed in northwest of Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu, southern Shaanxi to middle of Shanxi in mainland China, is a variety of Codonopsis pilosula, and is mainly different from the original variety only in that the whole variety is almost smooth and hairless; the calyx cleft is small and about 10 mm long, and especially when the leaves are tender, the upper part or the tip of the calyx cleft is often sparse in hair, soft hair and marginal hair. The vegetarian codonopsis pilosula has strong adaptability, is fond of warm and cool climate, is afraid of heat and waterlogging and is cold-resistant. The soil conditioner is suitable for sandy soil with deep and loose growing soil layer, good drainage and rich humus, and soil with larger viscosity, saline-alkali soil and waterlogged depression are not easy to cultivate.

The radix codonopsis pilosulae is easily affected by pests in the growth process, and the main pests include grubs, cutworms, mole crickets, aphids and red spiders, wherein the grubs, cutworms and mole crickets belong to underground pests, and the aphids and red spiders belong to overground pests. Grub, also called white cutworm, is larva of scarab beetle, which appears day and night before adult mating, takes food in the day after mating, flies at night, has strong phototaxis of adult, male is stronger than female, has pseudodeath habit, bites the root system of vegetarian codonopsis pilosula and bores the stem base; the cutworm adults are hidden in the daytime and move at night, the activities are the most before and after dusk every day, the tendency to black light lamps and substances of sugar and vinegar wine is strong, the cutworm likes warmth and dampness, and when the harm is serious, a large number of stems of the seedlings of the codonopsis pilosula vegetarian food are bitten off, so that the cutworm withers and dies; mole cricket is a omnivorous pest, and usually bites off the seeds, stems or main roots of codonopsis pilosula in the underground by using mouth parts or forelegs and tears into disorderly threads to wither plants; the aphids mainly use piercing-sucking mouthparts to pierce and suck nutrients in the codonopsis pilosula body, so that spiders of the codonopsis pilosula vegetable flowers grow abnormally, leaf skins shrink, curl, insect gall and even fall off, and even die due to withering; red spiders mainly damage seedlings and adult leaves, suck sap and cause the plants to be withered or yellow. At present, organophosphorus, pyrethroid and benzoylurea pesticides are mainly adopted for compound use in the prevention and treatment of codonopsis pilosula vegetarian insect pests, different medicaments are applied to different pests, the farming labor force is increased, meanwhile, the beneficial medicinal components of codonopsis pilosula vegetarian is reduced due to the large use of the pesticides, the drug resistance and the drug resistance of pest bodies are gradually enhanced, and chemical residues can also harm the environment and the health of human bodies.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art and provides a vegetarian codonopsis pilosula pest control agent and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a vegetarian codonopsis pilosula pest control agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of vegetable oil, 20-30 parts of tobacco, 5-7 parts of n-hexane, 40-50 parts of Chinese mosla herb, 20-25 parts of buffer solution, 3-5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 6-8 parts of eucalyptus citriodora leaves, 10-15 parts of hydrangea root, 5-10 parts of gelsemium elegans, 5-10 parts of crowbar root, 40-50 parts of ailanthus leaves, 8-10 parts of 70% ethanol solution, 20-30 parts of 65% ethanol solution, 10-15 parts of methanol, 5-10 parts of benzalkonium bromide, 3-5 parts of alpha-amylase, 15-20 parts of 3.5% fumaric acid and 20-30 parts of softened water.

The vegetable oil consists of corn oil, sunflower oil and peanut oil in a weight ratio of 1-3:2-4: 1-3.

The buffer solution is acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution with pH value of 4.5.

The preparation method of the vegetarian codonopsis pilosula pest control agent comprises the following steps:

(1) mixing and placing elsholtzia and tobacco into a drying furnace for drying until the moisture content is below 5%, then crushing and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve, then adding alpha-amylase into the obtained powder and spraying a buffer solution, then placing the powder into a closed container and placing the powder in a water bath at 50-60 ℃ for 60-70min, then raising the temperature of the water bath to 90-100 ℃ and maintaining the temperature for 10-15min at constant temperature, then adding a 65% ethanol solution into the powder, placing the powder into a microwave extractor with the microwave power of 300 and 600W for extraction for 30-45min, then filtering to obtain an extracting solution, then adding n-hexane into the obtained filter residue and standing the residue in a ventilation cabinet for 10-12h, then carrying out suction filtration, collecting filtrate and combining the filtrate with the extracting solution;

(2) soaking ailanthus leaves in 3.5% fumaric acid for 10-15h, mixing the ailanthus leaves and folium artemisiae argyi after soaking, putting the mixture into a low-temperature drying furnace, drying until the surface moisture content is below 0.2%, grinding the dried ailanthus leaves and folium artemisiae argyi into powder, sieving the powder with a 60-mesh sieve, putting the powder into 70% ethanol solution, stirring for 3-5min, standing at 30-40 ℃ for 12-15h, performing centrifugal filtration, mixing and stirring supernatant obtained after the centrifugal filtration and liquid obtained in the step (1), and then putting the mixture into a rotary evaporator at 40-45 ℃ for concentration to obtain a concentrate;

(3) mixing gelsemium elegans and hundreds of roots, putting into a grinder, pulverizing into powder, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, putting into softened water, steaming and boiling at the temperature of 90-100 ℃ for 30-40min, standing until the temperature is 30-40 ℃, filtering, collecting filtrate, adding methanol into obtained filter residue, stirring, heating and refluxing at the reflux temperature of 50-60 ℃, collecting obtained liquid after the reflux is finished, and mixing with the concentrate obtained in the step (2) to obtain mixed liquid;

(4) grinding the eucalyptus citriodora leaves and the rambutan into fine powder, sieving the fine powder with a 80-mesh sieve, adding the filtrate collected in the step (3), stirring, putting the mixture into a molecular distillation device for distillation for 15-20min, adding benzalkonium bromide, standing the mixture at a constant temperature of 15-20 ℃ for 45-50min, adding vegetable oil, fully shaking, filtering to obtain filtrate, mixing the filtrate with the mixed solution obtained in the step (3), further concentrating the mixture in a vacuum concentrator, and obtaining the codonopsis pilosula vegetarian insect pest control agent after the concentration treatment is finished.

And (4) diluting the pest control agent for the vegetarian codonopsis pilosula in the step (4) by 5 times, mixing the diluted pest control agent with cottonseed cakes in an amount which is 0.5 time of that of the diluted pest control agent for the vegetarian codonopsis pilosula, spreading the diluted pest control agent on seedling roots, furrow surfaces or furrow grooves of the vegetarian codonopsis pilosula for controlling underground pests of the vegetarian codonopsis pilosula, and spraying the diluted pest control agent after diluting the diluted pest control agent by 10 times for controlling.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention extracts the deinsectization components contained in tobacco, ailanthus leaves and other plants, so that the plants with natural deinsectization components can be effectively applied, wherein, the enzymolysis and alcohol extraction are carried out on the tobacco and the elsholtzia, so that the contained active components can be better utilized in pest treatment, and the nicotine component in the tobacco can penetrate the epidermis of pests to achieve the lethal effect; the deodorization alcohol precipitation treatment carried out on the ailanthus leaves can enable the quassin contained in the ailanthus leaves to achieve a stronger insecticidal effect; the addition of the vegetable oil can inhibit the propagation of insects while having the feeding promoting effect, thereby improving the control efficiency; the addition of other plants can inhibit common bacilli, fungi and viruses while killing insects, and especially has good control effect on root rot of codonopsis pilosula.

(2) The pest control agent reduces the pollution to the environment and labor cost, the prevention and control rate of grubs after application can reach more than 91%, the prevention and control rate of cutworms can reach more than 89%, the prevention and control rate of mole crickets can reach more than 87%, the prevention and control rate of aphids can reach more than 85%, the prevention and control rate of red spiders can reach more than 88%, and the prevention and control rate of root rot can reach more than 70%.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of examples.