阅读说明：本技术 一种用膨润土制备饲料添加剂的方法 (Method for preparing feed additive by using bentonite ) 是由 宿新泰 王淦 周新江 于 2019-11-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于饲料加工技术领域,公开了一种用膨润土制备饲料添加剂的方法。该方法以天然膨润土为原料,制备食品级的饲料添加剂。制备方法包括：(1)将天然膨润土矿粉浸水制浆,筛分掉大颗粒杂质,得到均质的浆液；(2)通过加入有机相和重金属络合剂将重金属离子萃取到有机相中,通过分液处理得到高纯度的膨润土浆液；(3)向高纯度膨润土浆液中加入絮凝剂,调整pH后过滤,滤饼烘干,即可得到高纯的食品级饲料添加剂。该方法制备食品级膨润土用于饲料添加剂具有成本低、操作简单、能适应大规模生产、效益好的优点。(The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and discloses a method for preparing a feed additive by using bentonite. The method takes natural bentonite as a raw material to prepare the food-grade feed additive. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) soaking natural bentonite mineral powder in water for pulping, and screening large-particle impurities to obtain homogeneous pulp; (2) adding an organic phase and a heavy metal complexing agent to extract heavy metal ions into the organic phase, and carrying out liquid separation treatment to obtain high-purity bentonite slurry; (3) and adding a flocculating agent into the high-purity bentonite slurry, adjusting the pH value, filtering, and drying a filter cake to obtain the high-purity food-grade feed additive. The method for preparing the food-grade bentonite for the feed additive has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, suitability for large-scale production and good benefit.)

1. A method for preparing feed additive by bentonite is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) pulping: soaking natural bentonite mineral powder in water for pulping, centrifuging, filtering, standing for precipitation to remove large-particle impurities to obtain homogeneous slurry;

(2) phase extraction: adding an organic solvent and a heavy metal complexing agent into the slurry to form an oil-water two phase; heavy metal ions are extracted into an organic phase under the complexing action of a heavy metal complexing agent, and high-purity concentrate pulp without the heavy metal ions and a recyclable organic phase are obtained through liquid separation treatment;

(3) flocculation and mineralization: adding a flocculating agent into the separated high-purity concentrated ore pulp to flocculate and mineralize the concentrated ore pulp, adjusting the pH value to be 6.5-7.3, filtering after flocculation to obtain a bentonite filter cake, and drying to obtain the high-purity food-grade bentonite feed additive.

2. A method of preparing a feed supplement from bentonite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the organic solvent in the step (2) is petroleum ether and/or 2-butanol and/or ethyl acetate and/or n-hexane.

3. A method of preparing a feed supplement from bentonite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heavy metal complexing agent in the step (2) is oleylamine and/or sodium oleate and/or CTAB and/or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.

4. A method of preparing a feed supplement from bentonite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) the flocculating agent in the step (3) is sodium tartrate and/or humic acid and/or sodium humate and/or sodium citrate.

5. A method of preparing a feed supplement from bentonite as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pH value in the step (3) is 6.7 or 7.2.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of mineral feed additives, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a feed additive by using bentonite.

Background

25% of all edible crops worldwide are attacked by mycotoxins, which mainly include aflatoxins, zearalenone, moniliforme, porcine aflatoxins, vomitoxin, T-2 and the like. Eating food containing fungal enzyme toxins can cause vomiting, poisoning or growth metabolic diseases in humans or animals. In order to reduce the pollution of the fungal enzyme toxin to food or feed, the development of a novel food additive for inhibiting the growth of fungal fungi or reducing the content of the fungal enzyme toxin becomes a research direction with great commercial prospect. The bentonite can be used as a mold removal agent to be added into the feed, so that the content of mycotoxin in moldy food or feed can be effectively reduced, the content of minerals in animals can be increased, and the normal growth and development of the animals can be promoted. Moreover, the natural feed additive has no antibiotic and pesticide residues, has low cost and wide raw material sources, and provides technical support and development direction for the sustainable development of animal husbandry. The natural bentonite is a non-metallic mineral product which takes montmorillonite as a main mineral functional component, and the natural bentonite has a rich reserve of at least 54 hundred million tons in China. The bentonite has many excellent physicochemical properties of water absorption, hydrophilicity, adsorbability, dispersibility, plasticity, suspension property, nontoxicity and the like, and has very high commercial application value.

Natural bentonite is a nonmetallic mineral with montmorillonite mineral as main component, and its main structure is 2:1 layered structure composed of two silicon-oxygen tetrahedral layers and one aluminum octahedral layer, exchangeable cations (Na +, Ca2+, Mg2+, etc.) are arranged between the layers, and these soluble cations can be mixed with heavy metal ions (Pb, etc.)²⁺，Cd²⁺，Cu²⁺，Hg²⁺) The replacement reaction occurs, thereby leading to a certain amount of heavy metal ions contained in the natural bentonite.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to prepare a food-grade bentonite feed additive by taking natural bentonite as a raw material through a pulping-phase extraction-flocculation mineralization process, and the structural characteristics of the modified bentonite are analyzed, so that the structural characteristics of the modified bentonite are obviously changed from those of the natural bentonite, and if the modified bentonite is used in the feed industry, fungal enzyme toxin can be obviously inhibited.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for preparing feed additive by bentonite comprises the following steps:

(1) pulping: soaking natural bentonite mineral powder in water for pulping, centrifuging, filtering, standing for precipitation to remove large-particle impurities to obtain homogeneous slurry;

(2) phase extraction: adding an organic solvent and a heavy metal complexing agent into the slurry to form an oil-water two phase; heavy metal ions are extracted into an organic phase under the complexing action of a heavy metal complexing agent, and high-purity concentrate pulp without the heavy metal ions and a recyclable organic phase are obtained through liquid separation treatment;

(3) flocculation and mineralization: adding a flocculating agent into the separated high-purity concentrated ore pulp to flocculate and mineralize the concentrated ore pulp, adjusting the pH value to be 6.5-7.3, filtering after flocculation to obtain a bentonite filter cake, and drying to obtain the high-purity food-grade bentonite feed additive.

Further optimizing the design, wherein the organic solvent in the step (2) is petroleum ether and/or 2-butanol and/or ethyl acetate and/or n-hexane.

Further optimizing the design, the heavy metal complexing agent in the step (2) is oleylamine and/or sodium oleate and/or CTAB and/or sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.

Further optimizing the design, wherein the flocculating agent in the step (3) is sodium tartrate and/or humic acid and/or sodium humate and/or sodium citrate.

Further optimizing the design, the pH value in the step (3) is 6.7 or 7.2.

Has the advantages that: (1) the process for preparing the feed additive capable of inhibiting the fungal enzyme toxin by using the cheap and easily-obtained natural bentonite ore has simple operation, can adapt to large-scale production and generates high-efficiency economic benefit; (2) the intermediate raw materials used in the process provided by the invention can be recycled, and the influence on the environment is reduced. Chemical reagents which are toxic to organisms are not added in the preparation process, the prepared high-purity bentonite does not cause heavy metal enrichment to organisms, and can replace part of feed additives with chemical additive residues, antibiotic residues and heavy metal residues in the market; (3) the bentonite additive prepared by the invention is identified by the structural characteristics, and the parameters shown in the table 1 can be estimated, so that the content of fungal enzyme toxin in the feed can be obviously and efficiently reduced, the bentonite additive has a promoting effect on the digestive system of animals, and a safe and reliable choice is provided for animal husbandry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope representation of natural bentonite; figure 2 is a schematic process flow diagram for preparing food grade bentonite.

Detailed Description