阅读说明：本技术 一种激光选区熔化成形05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb不锈钢引气管的方法 (Method for selective laser melting forming of 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe ) 是由 薛丽媛 马慧君 任慧娇 周冠男 董文启 于 2021-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种激光选区熔化成形05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb不锈钢引气管的方法,包括如下步骤：称量05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb不锈钢原料粉末,粉末各组分的质量分数为：Ni 3.0％-5.0％；Cu3.0％-5.0％；Cr 15.0％-17.5％；Nb 0.15％-0.45％,C≤0.07％；Si≤1.0％；Mn≤1.0％；P≤0.035％；S≤0.025％,余量为Fe；(2)建立05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb不锈钢引气管的三维模型,对三维模型进行切片后,将切片文件导入激光选区熔化设备；(3)对原料粉末进行引气管的激光选区熔化成形,再经热处理后即得05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb不锈钢引气管。本发明解决了传统制造工艺刀具消耗量大,制造周期长,难以成形复杂异形结构零件等问题,实现该材料零件的快速成形与直接制造。本发明制造的激光选区熔化成形件力学性能优良、缺陷少、致密度高、内部质量好,满足航空发动机设计使用要求。(The invention provides a method for selective laser melting forming of 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipes, which comprises the following steps: weighing 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel raw material powder, wherein the mass fraction of each component of the powder is as follows: 3.0 to 5.0 percent of Ni; cu3.0% -5.0%; 15.0 to 17.5 percent of Cr; 0.15 to 0.45 percent of Nb and less than or equal to 0.07 percent of C; si is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mn is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.035%; less than or equal to 0.025 percent of S and the balance of Fe; (2) establishing a three-dimensional model of a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe, slicing the three-dimensional model, and guiding a slice file into selective laser melting equipment; (3) and carrying out selective laser melting forming on the raw material powder by using an air guide pipe, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel air guide pipe. The invention solves the problems of large cutter consumption, long manufacturing period, difficulty in forming parts with complex special-shaped structures and the like in the traditional manufacturing process, and realizes the rapid forming and direct manufacturing of the material parts. The selective laser melting forming piece manufactured by the invention has the advantages of excellent mechanical property, few defects, high density and good internal quality, and meets the design and use requirements of an aeroengine.)

1. A method for selective laser melting forming of 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipes is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) weighing 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel raw material powder, wherein the mass fraction of each component of the powder is as follows: 3.0 to 5.0 percent of Ni; 3.0 to 5.0 percent of Cu; 15.0 to 17.5 percent of Cr; 0.15 to 0.45 percent of Nb and less than or equal to 0.07 percent of C; si is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mn is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.035%; less than or equal to 0.025 percent of S and the balance of Fe;

(2) establishing a three-dimensional model of a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe, slicing the three-dimensional model, and guiding a slice file into selective laser melting equipment;

(3) and carrying out selective laser melting forming on the raw material powder by using an air guide pipe, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel air guide pipe.

2. The method for selective laser melting forming 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe according to claim 1, wherein the raw material powder of step (1) has a particle size ranging from 15 μm to 53 μm and a content of hollow powder of not more than 1%.

3. The method for selective laser melting 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air tube according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the cut sheet in step (2) is 20-40 μm.

4. The method for selective laser melting forming 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe according to claim 1, wherein the selective laser melting forming parameters in step (3) are as follows: the diameter of a light spot is 100-.

5. The method for selective laser melting 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air tube according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) of heat treatment comprises solution treatment and aging treatment, and the solution treatment comprises: the temperature is controlled to be 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-3h, and then argon is cooled to the aging temperature; the aging treatment method comprises the following steps: the temperature is controlled to be 450-550 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-4h, and then argon is cooled to the room temperature.

6. The method for selective laser melting forming 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe according to claim 1, wherein compressed air is used to clean the powder on the surface of the formed part before the heat treatment in step (3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a method for selective laser melting forming of a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel air-entraining pipe.

Background

05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb is a martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel, which is mainly used for manufacturing high-strength corrosion-resistant parts working at the temperature of below 400 ℃, fasteners of aircrafts and missile engines, valve parts and the like due to the characteristics of high strength, hardness, oxidation resistance and the like. However, the traditional manufacturing process mainly comprises casting/forging and machining processes, the manufacturing period is long, the process is limited, and the manufacturing of parts with complex special-shaped structures is difficult.

Selective laser melting is a direct forming method for metal parts and is the latest development of rapid forming technology. The technology breaks through the concept of removing the forming by the traditional processing method, and the material adding method is adopted to form the part, so that the waste problem of material removal is greatly reduced; the forming process is not limited by the complexity of parts, so that the forming die has great flexibility, is suitable for manufacturing various parts with complex shapes, and is particularly suitable for complex parts which have complex special-shaped structures (such as cavities) inside and cannot be manufactured by the traditional method. In addition, the technology can manufacture parts with complex shapes directly according to a digital model without any special tool and tool. Generally, the manufacturing time and cost of parts using laser selective melting rapid prototyping technology is about 30% to 50% of the cost of conventional manufacturing technology. Therefore, the invention provides a method for selective laser melting forming 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of long manufacturing period, high cutter cost, difficult manufacturing of parts with complex special-shaped structures and the like of the traditional forging/casting and machining processes. The method for selective laser melting forming of the 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed pipe is provided, rapid forming and direct manufacturing of the bleed pipe are achieved, and machining is less. The parts formed by selective laser melting and forming have the advantages of excellent mechanical property, high density, good internal quality and stable performance.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for selective laser melting forming 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel raw material powder, wherein the mass fraction of each component of the powder is as follows: 3.0 to 5.0 percent of Ni; 3.0 to 5.0 percent of Cu; 15.0 to 17.5 percent of Cr; 0.15 to 0.45 percent of Nb and less than or equal to 0.07 percent of C; si is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; mn is less than or equal to 1.0 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.035%; less than or equal to 0.025 percent of S and the balance of Fe;

(2) establishing a three-dimensional model of a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe, slicing the three-dimensional model, and guiding a slice file into selective laser melting equipment;

(3) and carrying out selective laser melting forming on the raw material powder by using an air guide pipe, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel air guide pipe.

Further, the particle size range of the raw material powder in the step (1) is 15-53 μm, and the content of the hollow powder in the powder is not more than 1%.

Further, the slice thickness in the step (2) is 20-40 μm.

Further, the selective laser melting and forming parameters in the step (3) are as follows: the diameter of a light spot is 100-.

Further, the heat treatment in the step (3) comprises solution treatment and aging treatment, and the solution treatment method comprises the following steps: the temperature is controlled to be 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-3h, and then argon is cooled to the aging temperature; the aging treatment method comprises the following steps: the temperature is controlled to be 450-550 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1-4h, and then argon is cooled to the room temperature.

Further, before the step (3) of heat treatment, compressed air is used for cleaning powder on the surface of the formed part.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the invention, the formed stainless steel matrix is subjected to solid solution treatment and then is transformed into martensite, then the martensite matrix is subjected to aging treatment, a copper-rich phase is precipitated from the martensite matrix, the strength is further improved, and a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel component with good performance is further obtained, through observation of the metallographic structure, the internal structure of the laser selective melting formed 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel component is well controlled, the defects of non-fusion, cracks and the like are avoided, and the transverse and longitudinal mechanical properties are not obviously different;

(2) the method for selective laser melting and forming the 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb material bleed pipe has short manufacturing time and less machining, and solves the problems of long manufacturing period, large cutter consumption, high cost and the like of the traditional machining for forging the bleed pipe.

(3) The invention provides a method for selective laser melting forming of a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe, which can be widely applied to manufacturing of complex-structure parts of an aeroengine and realizes rapid forming and direct manufacturing of 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel parts.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bleed air duct configuration;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the bleed air duct;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the bleed air duct;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the selective laser melting forming direction of the bleed air pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

1) Weighing 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel raw material powder, wherein the mass fraction of each main component of the powder is as follows: 3.95% of Ni, 3.29% of Cu, 16.28% of Cr, 0.25% of Nb, 0.015% of C, 0.67% of Si, 0.35% of Mn, 0.018% of P, 0.009% of S and the balance of Fe; the powder has a particle size of 15-53 μm, wherein D10 is 15.57 μm, D50 is 38.46 μm, and D90 is 50.10 μm; the content of the hollow powder is 0.86 percent;

2) the method comprises the steps of establishing a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe three-dimensional model by adopting UG software, slicing the three-dimensional model by utilizing Magics software, leading a slice file into laser selective area melting equipment, wherein the slice thickness is 40 mu m, and the laser selective area melting forming direction of the bleed air pipe is shown in FIG. 4;

3) the method comprises the following steps of carrying out selective laser melting forming on 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb powder under the condition of argon gas, scanning the powder by laser, and carrying out layer-by-layer accumulation forming, wherein the selective laser melting forming process parameters comprise: the diameter of a light spot is 120 mu m, the laser power is 270W, the scanning speed is 900mm/s, the thickness of a powder layer is 40 mu m, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the lap joint quantity is 0.05 mu m, and the scanning strategy is snaked;

4) after the forming is finished and the part is cooled for 4 hours, opening a forming cabin door to take out the substrate and the part, and cleaning powder on the surface of the substrate and the part formed on the substrate by adopting compressed air; and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the part obtained after powder cleaning and the substrate by adopting a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace to obtain a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel part with the performance meeting the requirement, wherein the heat treatment system is as follows: controlling the solution treatment temperature to 1040 ℃, preserving the heat for 1h, and then cooling to the aging temperature by argon; controlling the temperature of the aging treatment to be 500 ℃, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and then cooling to room temperature by argon;

the 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb material air-entraining pipe was cut from the substrate by wire cutting, and a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel air-entraining pipe was obtained.

The mechanical property detection of the obtained 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe is carried out by adopting the samples formed in the same batch, and the test result shows that: the room temperature tensile strength reaches 1207-1223MPa, the yield strength reaches 1072-1095MPa, and the elongation reaches 16.5-17.5 percent.

Example 2

1) Weighing 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel raw material powder, wherein the mass fraction of each main component of the powder is as follows: 4.04% of Ni, 3.42% of Cu, 16.08% of Cr, 0.27% of Nb, 0.012% of C, 0.62% of Si, 0.39% of Mn, 0.016% of P, 0.013% of S and the balance of Fe; the powder has a particle size of 15-53 μm, wherein D10 is 15.82 μm, D50 is 39.01 μm, and D90 is 50.50 μm; the content of the hollow powder is 0.81 percent;

2) the method comprises the steps of establishing a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe three-dimensional model by adopting UG software, slicing the three-dimensional model by utilizing Magics software as shown in figures 1 to 3, wherein the slice thickness is 40 mu m, guiding a slice file into laser selective area melting equipment, and the laser selective area melting forming direction of the bleed air pipe is shown in figure 4;

3) the method comprises the following steps of carrying out selective laser melting forming on 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb powder under the condition of argon gas, scanning the powder by laser, and carrying out layer-by-layer accumulation forming, wherein the selective laser melting forming process parameters comprise: the diameter of a light spot is 120 mu m, the laser power is 260W, the scanning speed is 800mm/s, the thickness of a powder layer is 40 mu m, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the lap joint quantity is 0.05 mu m, and the scanning strategy is snaked;

4) after the forming is finished and the part is cooled for 4 hours, opening a forming cabin door to take out the substrate and the part, and cleaning powder on the surface of the substrate and the part formed on the substrate by adopting compressed air; and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the part obtained after powder cleaning and the substrate by adopting a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace to obtain a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel part with the performance meeting the requirement, wherein the heat treatment system is as follows: controlling the temperature of the solution treatment to 1050 ℃, preserving the heat for 1h, and then cooling the solution treatment to the aging temperature by argon; controlling the temperature of the aging treatment to be 500 ℃, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and then cooling to room temperature by argon;

the 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb material air-entraining pipe was cut from the substrate by wire cutting, and a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel air-entraining pipe was obtained.

The mechanical property detection of the obtained 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe is carried out by adopting the samples formed in the same batch, and the test result shows that: tensile strength reaches 1198-1224MPa at room temperature, yield strength reaches 1078-1090MPa, and elongation reaches 16.5-17.0%.

Example 3

1) Weighing 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel raw material powder, wherein the mass fraction of each main component of the powder is as follows: 3.95% of Ni, 3.33% of Cu, 16.31% of Cr, 0.22% of Nb, 0.018% of C, 0.62% of Si, 0.34% of Mn, 0.015% of P, 0.009% of S and the balance of Fe; the powder has a particle size of 15-53 μm, wherein D10 is 15.68 μm, D50 is 38.57 μm, and D90 is 50.34 μm; the content of the hollow powder is 0.79%;

2) the method comprises the steps of establishing a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe three-dimensional model by adopting UG software, slicing the three-dimensional model by utilizing Magics software as shown in figures 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of each slice is 30 mu m, guiding a slice file into laser selective melting equipment, and the laser selective melting forming direction of the bleed air pipe is shown in figure 4;

3) the method comprises the following steps of carrying out selective laser melting forming on 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb powder under the condition of argon gas, scanning the powder by laser, and carrying out layer-by-layer accumulation forming, wherein the selective laser melting forming process parameters comprise: the diameter of a light spot is 120 mu m, the laser power is 280W, the scanning speed is 1000mm/s, the thickness of a powder layer is 30 mu m, the phase angle is 67 degrees, the lap joint quantity is 0.05 mu m, and the scanning strategy is snaked;

4) after the forming is finished and the part is cooled for 4 hours, opening a forming cabin door to take out the substrate and the part, and cleaning powder on the surface of the substrate and the part formed on the substrate by adopting compressed air; and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the part obtained after powder cleaning and the substrate by adopting a vacuum high-pressure gas quenching furnace to obtain a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel part with the performance meeting the requirement, wherein the heat treatment system is as follows: controlling the solution treatment temperature to 1040 ℃, preserving the heat for 1h, and then cooling to the aging temperature by argon; controlling the temperature of the aging treatment to be 500 ℃, preserving the heat for 4 hours, and then cooling to room temperature by argon;

the 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb material air-entraining pipe was cut from the substrate by wire cutting, and a 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel air-entraining pipe was obtained.

The mechanical property detection of the obtained 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel bleed air pipe is carried out by adopting the samples formed in the same batch, and the test result shows that: the tensile strength at room temperature reaches 1202-.

The technical idea of the present invention is described in the above technical solutions, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes and modifications made to the above technical solutions according to the technical essence of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.