阅读说明：本技术 局部真空环境下基于水压制备爆炸复合棒的方法 (Method for preparing explosion composite rod based on water pressure in local vacuum environment ) 是由 缪广红 胡昱 汪泉 杨礼澳 艾九英 祁俊翔 于 2021-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种局部真空环境下基于水压制备爆炸复合棒的方法,包括：由内至外将待复合棒材、待复合管材、小尺寸pvc管、大尺寸pvc管同轴设置；使用密封条将待复合棒材与待复合管材之间的间隙两端密封并抽真空,构建真空间隙环境；于小尺寸pvc管和大尺寸pvc管之间填充炸药与雷管,构成爆炸装置；于待复合管材和爆炸装置之间注满水,构建水环境；起爆爆炸装置使待复合管材与待复合棒材焊接结合,得到高质量爆炸复合棒。本发明所提供的局部真空环境下基于水压制备爆炸复合棒的方法,有效解决了传统方法无法高质量加工薄壁材料的困难；不仅杜绝了因间隙未排净的空气层导致的复合材料结合界面大面积熔化现象,也使得待复合材料的尺寸选择更为自由。(The invention provides a method for preparing an explosion composite rod based on water pressure in a local vacuum environment, which comprises the following steps: coaxially arranging a bar to be compounded, a pipe to be compounded, a small-size PVC pipe and a large-size PVC pipe from inside to outside; sealing and vacuumizing two ends of a gap between a bar to be compounded and a pipe to be compounded by using a sealing strip, and constructing a vacuum gap environment; filling explosives and detonators between the small-size PVC pipe and the large-size PVC pipe to form an explosion device; filling water between the pipe to be composited and the explosion device to construct a water environment; and the explosion initiating device enables the pipe to be composited and the bar to be composited to be welded and combined to obtain the high-quality explosion composite bar. The method for preparing the explosion composite rod based on the water pressure in the local vacuum environment effectively solves the problem that the traditional method cannot process thin-wall materials with high quality; the phenomenon of large-area melting of the composite material bonding interface caused by an air layer with uncleaned gaps is avoided, and the size selection of the material to be composited is more free.)

1. The method for preparing the explosion composite rod based on water pressure in the local vacuum environment is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) coaxially arranging a bar material 1 to be compounded, a pipe material 2 to be compounded, a small-size PVC pipe 3-1 and a large-size PVC pipe 3-2 from inside to outside;

2) sealing and vacuumizing two ends of a gap between the bar 1 to be compounded and the pipe 2 to be compounded by using a sealing strip, and constructing a vacuum gap environment 4;

3) filling explosives and detonators between the pvc pipe 3-1 and the pvc pipe 3-2 to form an explosive device 3;

4) filling water between the pipe 2 to be composited and the explosion device to construct a water environment 5;

5) and the explosion initiating device enables the pipe to be composited and the bar to be composited to be welded and combined to obtain the high-quality explosion composite bar.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the section of the bar to be compounded 1 is 2-10 cm; the wall thickness of the pipe 2 to be compounded is 0.2-8.5 mm.

3. The method for preparing the explosive composition according to claim 1, wherein the explosive device is composed of a pvc pipe, an explosive for explosive composition and a detonator; the wall thickness of the explosion device is 8-22 mm.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that two ends of a gap between the bar 1 to be compounded and the pipe 2 to be compounded are sealed by sealing strips and vacuumized to form a vacuum gap environment; a water environment exists between the explosive device 3 and the pipe 2 to be compounded.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the water environment can be set arbitrarily according to the actual requirements of the sizes of the bar and the pipe to be compounded.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the thickness of the vacuum gap environment is 0.5-1.8 times of that of the pipe to be composited.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of explosive welding, and relates to a method for preparing an explosive composite rod based on water pressure in a local vacuum environment.

Background

The working principle of explosive welding is that the impact force generated by explosive explosion is utilized to accelerate the clad material, so that the clad material and the base material collide at high temperature and high speed to achieve metallurgical bonding of the metal material. The explosion welding is characterized in that most metal materials can be firmly welded and compounded in a very short time to manufacture a bimetal composite material with wide application, and the bimetal composite material belongs to an advanced manufacturing process capable of preparing a multi-metal composite material.

The bimetal composite material perfectly integrates the chemical and mechanical advantages of different metals, and the bimetal composite rod integrates the advantages of different materials such as strong plasticity, high strength, corrosion resistance and the like, so that the bimetal composite rod is widely applied to the industries such as aerospace, petroleum transportation, urban building and the like as a high-quality industrial material. Explosion welding is a common solid welding process, and is characterized by relatively low production cost, capability of producing quite a plurality of bimetal and multi-metal composite materials, and large-scale application in the preparation industry of bimetal composite rods.

Although explosive welding has the advantages that other metal processing methods such as hot rolling, cold welding and the like do not have, explosive welding is not all-round, and partial defects of explosive welding need to be solved: the traditional explosion welding method has the advantages that the size of the pipe to be composited can not be freely adjusted in the production process, the operability is low, and the welding processing of the thin-wall pipe is difficult. In addition, in the traditional explosion welding, the explosive is directly attached to the pipe to be composited, so that the surface of the composite material is often ablated and damaged by high temperature generated by explosive explosion, the product quality is influenced, and serious secondary pollution such as dust, noise and the like is brought.

In addition, in the traditional explosion welding, the air layer in the gap between the composite layer and the base layer material is difficult to be discharged completely in time, so that the bonding quality of the materials to be welded is reduced slightly, and the base layer and the composite layer material cannot be bonded completely.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for preparing an explosion composite rod based on water pressure in a local vacuum environment, which aims to eliminate the negative influence of an air layer which is difficult to be discharged completely in a gap on the explosion welding production of the composite rod and simultaneously solve the problem of ablation damage on the surface of the composite rod caused by direct contact of an explosive and a pipe to be composited in the production process. The method not only avoids the phenomenon of large-area melting of a material bonding interface caused by the fact that an air layer in the gap cannot be discharged in time, but also effectively improves the operability in the production process, and the quality of the finished explosion composite rod is obviously enhanced.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a method for preparing an explosion composite rod based on water pressure in a local vacuum environment, and the method comprises the following steps:

1) coaxially arranging a bar to be compounded, a pipe to be compounded, a small-size PVC pipe and a large-size PVC pipe from inside to outside;

2) sealing and vacuumizing two ends of a gap between a bar to be compounded and a pipe to be compounded by using a sealing strip, and constructing a vacuum gap environment;

3) filling explosives and detonators between the small-size PVC pipe and the large-size PVC pipe to form an explosion device;

4) filling water between the pipe to be composited and the explosion device to construct a water environment;

5) and the explosion initiating device enables the pipe to be composited and the bar to be composited to be welded and combined to obtain the high-quality explosion composite bar.

The traditional method for preparing the explosive composite rod does not basically treat the air layer in the gap of the composite material, so that large-area melting possibly occurs on the bonding interface of the materials to be compounded in the welding process, the bonding strength of the explosive composite rod is reduced, and the materials to be compounded cannot be successfully compounded at all at a high probability. In addition, in the traditional preparation, a explosive distribution method for directly attaching explosives and materials to be compounded is adopted, so that the surface of the produced explosion compound rod is possibly burnt and damaged, and the product quality is seriously influenced. Aiming at solving the production difficulties, the invention provides a method for preparing an explosive composite rod based on water pressure in a local vacuum environment, which not only uses a sealing strip to seal and vacuumize two ends of a gap between a rod material to be composited and a pipe material to be composited, but also effectively avoids the problem of material junction surface melting caused by the fact that an air layer in the gap is not completely exhausted; and an incompressible water environment is additionally arranged between the pipe to be compounded and the explosion device, so that the surface ablation damage of the material caused by the direct contact of the explosive and the pipe wall is avoided. The selection of the explosive detonation velocity is free, and the selection of the explosive detonation velocity is not limited to the selection of low-detonation-velocity explosives; in the actual production process, the size change of the pipe to be compounded can be easily realized by adjusting the thickness of the water environment, and compared with the traditional preparation method, the method has higher operability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a two-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention, including the arrangement of bars to be composited, pipes to be composited, explosive devices, water environment and vacuum environment;

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional block diagram of the present invention

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.

The method for preparing the explosive composite rod based on water pressure in the partial vacuum environment comprises the following steps:

1) coaxially arranging a bar material 1 to be compounded, a pipe material 2 to be compounded, a small-size PVC pipe 3-1 and a large-size PVC pipe 3-2 from inside to outside;

2) sealing and vacuumizing two ends of a gap between the bar 1 to be compounded and the pipe 2 to be compounded by using a sealing strip, and constructing a vacuum gap environment 4;

3) filling explosives and detonators between the pvc pipe 3-1 and the pvc pipe 3-2 to form an explosive device 3;

4) filling water between the pipe 2 to be composited and the explosion device to construct a water environment 5;

5) and the explosion initiating device enables the pipe to be composited and the bar to be composited to be welded and combined to obtain the high-quality explosion composite bar.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1) the invention fills the incompressible water environment between the outer wall of the pipe and the explosion device, thereby not only reducing the risk of surface ablation damage of the material to be compounded due to the influence of explosion of the explosive in the production process, but also being capable of processing the thin-walled pipe with high quality.

2) The method is convenient and quick to operate, the size of the composite material to be treated is indirectly adjusted by changing the thickness of the water environment, and compared with the traditional method, the method is higher in operability.

3) The invention sets the gap between the bar and the pipe to be compounded into a vacuum environment, effectively eliminates the negative influence of the gap air layer in the material compounding process, thus not being limited to selecting explosives with the explosion velocity as low as possible and having higher selectivity.

4) The vacuum environment gap introduced by the invention effectively solves the problem of insufficient gap gas discharge which is difficult to overcome by the traditional explosion welding, avoids the phenomenon of large-area melting of a material joint surface caused by adiabatic compression of a residual air layer in the gap, and simultaneously enhances the integral joint strength of the explosion composite rod.