阅读说明：本技术 有机垃圾的分类处理方法及装置 (Organic garbage classification treatment method and device ) 是由 周建云 于 2019-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种有机垃圾的分类处理方法及装置,处理方法包括以下步骤：S1:进行破碎脱水,将有机垃圾进行粉碎化处理,实现固液分离；S2:向固态有机垃圾中投入微生物,进行微生物发酵,得到发酵产物；S3：将发酵产物进行分解,得到生物有机肥料的原料。本发明提供的有机垃圾的分类处理方法及装置首先对有机垃圾进行处理,进行固液分离,然后对这些固态物质进行高温消毒,消除其他有害细菌,防止其他有害细菌的滋生将有机物转换为无用产物,然后向固态物质中投入少量的水和营养物质,为有益菌种的早期繁殖提供条件,经过微生物的处理后,进行粉碎过滤,从而得到颗粒直径微小的固态物质,作为生物有机肥料的原料。(The invention discloses a classification processing method and a device of organic garbage, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: s1, crushing and dehydrating the organic garbage, and crushing the organic garbage to realize solid-liquid separation; s2, adding microorganisms into the solid organic garbage for microbial fermentation to obtain a fermentation product; s3: decomposing the fermentation product to obtain the raw material of the biological organic fertilizer. The invention provides a classification treatment method and a device for organic garbage, which firstly treat the organic garbage, carry out solid-liquid separation, then carry out high-temperature disinfection on the solid substances, eliminate other harmful bacteria, prevent the breeding of other harmful bacteria and convert organic matters into useless products, then put a small amount of water and nutrient substances into the solid substances, provide conditions for the early breeding of beneficial bacteria, and carry out crushing and filtration after the treatment of microorganisms, thereby obtaining the solid substances with tiny particle diameters as the raw materials of the biological organic fertilizer.)

1. A method for sorting and treating organic waste, comprising the steps of:

s1, crushing and dehydrating the organic garbage, and crushing the organic garbage to realize solid-liquid separation;

s2, adding microorganisms into the solid organic garbage for microbial fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;

s3: decomposing the fermentation product to obtain the raw material of the biological organic fertilizer.

2. The classification processing method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, after the organic waste is pulverized, the obtained solid organic waste needs to be sterilized and disinfected, and the solid organic waste is processed by high-temperature sterilization to obtain the dry solid organic waste to be processed.

3. The sorting method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, when the microorganism is introduced into the dried solid organic waste, a certain amount of purified water and nutrients are added to maintain the water content of the solid waste at 5-10%.

4. The classification processing method according to claim 1, wherein the added microorganisms include various combinations of lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, streptococcus lactis, methanobacteria and photosynthetic bacteria, and the fermentation process is performed at a suitable temperature in step S2.

5. The classification processing method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the fermentation product is decompressed to realize gas-solid separation, and the solid product is the raw material of the bio-organic fertilizer.

6. The device for classifying and treating the organic garbage is characterized by comprising a microbial fermentation device and a decomposition device, wherein the microbial fermentation device is provided with a fermentation cavity so as to culture microorganisms to obtain a fermentation product; the decomposition device effectively processes the fermentation product, and the fermentation product is crushed and exhausted, so that the biological organic fertilizer is obtained.

7. The classification device according to claim 6, wherein the microorganism fermentation device comprises a stirring motor, a fermentation cavity, a rotating rod and a poking rod, the stirring motor is arranged on the side surface and connected with the rotating rod, the rotating rod penetrates through the fermentation cavity, the poking rod is accommodated in the fermentation cavity, one end of the poking rod is fixed on the rotating rod, and the poking rod is driven by the stirring motor to perform rotary motion in the fermentation cavity.

8. The classification device according to claim 6, wherein a cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the fermentation cavity, the cover plate is hinged with one side of the fermentation cavity, an observation window and an air hole are arranged on the cover plate, and a plurality of heating plates are attached to the lower end of the fermentation cavity.

9. The classification device according to claim 6, wherein the decomposition device comprises a compression device and a filter device, the compression device comprises a spiral flood dragon, a rotary blade and a motor, the spiral flood dragon is provided with a plurality of feed flood dragon, the feed flood dragon and a discharge flood dragon, the rotary blade is arranged at the tail end of the feed flood dragon, and the motor drives the rotary blade and the spiral flood dragon to rotate so as to crush the fermentation product.

10. The classification device according to claim 9, wherein the filter device is arranged on one side of the feeding flood dragon and comprises a filter column and a filter screen, the filter column is of a hollow structure, one end of the filter column is connected with the feeding flood dragon, the filter screen is arranged in the filter column, and the lower end of the filter screen is opposite to a feeding hole of the discharging flood dragon.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of garbage treatment, in particular to a classification treatment method and a classification treatment device for organic garbage.

Background

With the increasing awareness of people on environmental protection, the problems of environmental pollution and resources are greatly concerned by people, and the treatment of municipal domestic waste is also valued by urban people; particularly, the kitchen waste in the urban domestic waste can account for about 30 percent of the domestic waste; the kitchen waste is high in water content and rich in nutrition, and particularly easy to breed bacteria, so that the waste is rotten and deteriorated, and a pungent peculiar smell is generated; therefore, the reasonable treatment of the kitchen waste in the household waste is a problem which needs to be solved; at present, common large-scale treatment methods comprise incineration, composting and the like; however, the methods all face the problems of large occupied area, high long-distance transportation cost, low efficiency, low resource utilization degree and the like; so that most cities in China cannot effectively treat the kitchen waste; the existing household organic garbage disposal is generally that garbage is filled in a plastic bag and is buried after being transported and loaded by environmental sanitation personnel, and the buried garbage can be naturally decomposed by biological bacteria in the environment; the disadvantages of this approach are: the serious pollution of the environment is caused by the dripping, leaking and scattering in the loading and transporting process; the landfill requires a large amount of fields, and the density of biological bacteria is limited in the natural environment, so that the time for decomposing the garbage is long, and the buried garbage can cause continuous pollution to water sources and soil; the further organic garbage treatment method is that a garbage drying processor is also arranged, the treatment method of the household garbage is to dry the fresh garbage by an electric heating method, and the garbage is treated intensively after the volume is reduced; the existing garbage treatment method has the defect that the temperature and the humidity can not be controlled, so that the method has the following technical problems in the prior art: 201210093882.1, discloses a garbage disposal control system, comprising a garbage disposer and a controller for controlling the operation of the garbage disposer; the temperature and the humidity in the garbage disposer are controlled by the temperature control device and the humidity control device, so that garbage can be treated more effectively; but it cannot efficiently recycle and apply garbage.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the technology, the invention provides a method and a device for sorting and treating organic garbage, which are used for carrying out microbial treatment on solid matters in the organic garbage to finally obtain biological organic fertilizers, and the biological organic fertilizers are applied to crops, so that the generation of plant diseases and insect pests can be inhibited, the growth of the crops can be promoted, and the soil hardening can be effectively improved.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for sorting and treating organic waste, comprising the steps of:

s1, crushing and dehydrating the organic garbage, and crushing the organic garbage to realize solid-liquid separation;

s2, adding microorganisms into the solid organic garbage for microbial fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;

s3: decomposing the fermentation product to obtain the raw material of the biological organic fertilizer.

Preferably, in step S1, after the organic waste is pulverized, the obtained solid organic waste is sterilized and treated by a high temperature sterilization method to obtain the dry solid organic waste to be treated.

Preferably, in step S2, when microorganism is added to the dried solid organic waste, a certain amount of purified water and nutrients is added to maintain the water content of the solid waste at 5-10%.

Preferably, in step S2, the added microorganisms include a mixture of lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, streptococcus lactis, methanobacteria, and photosynthetic bacteria, and the fermentation treatment is performed at a suitable temperature.

Preferably, in step S3, the fermentation product is decompressed to realize gas-solid separation, and the solid product is the raw material of the bio-organic fertilizer.

The invention also discloses a device for classifying the organic garbage, which is suitable for the method for classifying the organic garbage, and comprises a microbial fermentation device and a decomposition device, wherein the microbial fermentation device is provided with a fermentation cavity so as to culture microorganisms to obtain a fermentation product; the decomposition device effectively processes the fermentation product, and the fermentation product is crushed and exhausted, so that the biological organic fertilizer is obtained.

Preferably, the microbial fermentation device comprises a stirring motor, a fermentation cavity, a rotating rod and a poking rod, wherein the stirring motor is arranged on the side surface and connected with the rotating rod, the rotating rod penetrates through the fermentation cavity, the poking rod is accommodated in the fermentation cavity, one end of the poking rod is fixed on the rotating rod, and the poking rod is driven by the stirring motor to perform rotary motion in the fermentation cavity.

Preferably, the upper end of the fermentation cavity is provided with a cover plate, the cover plate is hinged with one side of the fermentation cavity, the cover plate is provided with an observation window and an air hole, and the lower end of the fermentation cavity is provided with a plurality of heating plates in a laminating manner.

Preferably, the decomposing device comprises a compressing device and a filtering device, the compressing device comprises a spiral flood dragon, a rotary blade and a motor, the spiral flood dragon is provided with a plurality of feed flood dragon, the feed flood dragon and a discharge flood dragon, the rotary blade is arranged at the tail end of the feed flood dragon, and the motor drives the rotary blade and the spiral flood dragon to rotate so as to crush the fermentation product.

Preferably, the filter equipment sets up one side of pay-off flood dragon, including filtering post and filter screen, filter the post and be hollow structure, one end with the pay-off flood dragon links to each other, install in the filter post the filter screen, the filter screen lower extreme just to the feed inlet of ejection of compact flood dragon.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the method and the device for classifying and treating the organic garbage firstly treat the organic garbage, carry out solid-liquid separation, remove liquid, only retain solid substances for treatment, then carry out high-temperature disinfection on the solid substances, eliminate other harmful bacteria, prevent the breeding of other harmful bacteria, convert organic matters into useless products, then put a small amount of water and nutrient substances into the solid substances, provide conditions for the early propagation of beneficial bacteria, and after the treatment of microorganisms, a large amount of gas and water can be adhered together in the obtained fermentation product, and at the moment, the solid substances with small particle diameter are obtained by crushing and filtering and are used as raw materials of the biological organic fertilizer.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a main flow diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a detailed flow chart of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of a fermentation apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a fermentation device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the fermentation apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the decomposition device of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the decomposition device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an exploded front view of a separation structure in the decomposition device of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an exploded rear view of a separation structure in the decomposition device of the present invention;

fig. 10 is an exploded view of the feed structure of the present invention.

The main element symbols are as follows:

1. microbial fermentation device 2, apron

3. Air hole 4 and observation window

5. Fermentation cavity 6, discharge hole

7. Stirring motor 8 and heating plate

9. Transmission gear 10, dwang

11. Poke rod 12 and feeding hopper

13. Distributing hopper 14 and coarse material outlet

15. Iron frame 16 and discharge auger

17. Feeding auger 18 and feeding auger

19. Filter column 20, baffle

21. Rotary blade 22 and discharge funnel

23. A feeding frame.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly describe the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a method for classifying organic waste, the method comprising the following steps:

s1, crushing and dehydrating the organic garbage, and crushing the organic garbage to realize solid-liquid separation;

s2, adding microorganisms into the solid organic garbage for microbial fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;

s3: decomposing the fermentation product to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.

In step S1, after the organic waste is pulverized, the obtained solid organic waste needs to be sterilized, and the solid organic waste is treated by high-temperature sterilization to obtain the dry solid organic waste to be treated. In step S2, when microorganism is added to the dried solid organic garbage, a certain amount of purified water and nutrients are added to keep the water content of the solid garbage at 5-10%. In step S2, the added microorganisms include a mixture of lactobacillus plantarum, yeast, streptococcus lactis, methanobacteria, and photosynthetic bacteria, and the fermentation treatment is performed at a suitable temperature. In step S3, the fermentation product is decompressed to realize gas-solid separation, and the solid product is the raw material of the bio-organic fertilizer. In this embodiment, the purpose of performing high-temperature sterilization is to eliminate harmful bacteria in the solid organic waste, so that on one hand, the harmful bacteria can be effectively prevented from converting nutrients in the organic waste into harmful substances, and on the other hand, the harmful bacteria can be prevented from interfering with the propagation of beneficial bacteria, so as to ensure the rapid propagation of the beneficial bacteria and the treatment of organic matters.

The invention also discloses a device for classifying and treating the organic garbage, which is suitable for the method for classifying the organic garbage, and comprises a microbial fermentation device 1 and a decomposition device, wherein the microbial fermentation device 1 is provided with a fermentation cavity 5, so that microbes are cultured to obtain a fermentation product; the decomposing device effectively treats the fermentation product, crushes and exhausts the fermentation product, and then obtains the raw material of the biological organic fertilizer.

In order to achieve the above purpose, please refer to fig. 3 to 10, the microbial fermentation apparatus 1 includes a stirring motor 7, a fermentation chamber 5, a rotating rod 10 and a poking rod 11, the stirring motor 7 is disposed on a side surface and connected to the rotating rod 10, the rotating rod 10 passes through the fermentation chamber, the poking rod 11 is accommodated in the fermentation chamber 5, one end of the poking rod 5 is fixed on the rotating rod 10, and the poking rod 11 is driven by the stirring motor 7 to perform a rotational motion in the fermentation chamber 5. The upper end of fermentation cavity 5 is equipped with apron 2, and apron 2 is together articulated with one side of fermentation cavity 5, is equipped with observation window 4 and gas pocket 3 on the apron 2, and the lower extreme laminating of fermentation cavity 5 is equipped with polylith heating plate 8. In the concrete embodiment, at first open the apron 2, put into solid-state organic rubbish, then closed gas pocket and discharge gate, the control board that generates heat heats, because the fermentation cavity is a closed condition this moment, the temperature can rise fast, thereby to the bacterium in the solid-state organic rubbish reaches the effect that high temperature killed at this moment, then open the gas pocket, the starter motor, make the poker rod rotate, make the temperature in the cavity descend, after the temperature descends to certain numerical value, open the apron, throw into a certain amount of microorganism, pure water and nutrient substance, adjust the fermentation time according to the kind of throwing into microorganism, when appropriate accessible observation window observes the fermentation degree, after finishing fermenting, take out the fermentation product through discharge gate 6.

In the specific implementation process, for example, about 1kg of solid garbage is placed into a fermentation cavity, then an air hole and a discharge hole are closed, a heating plate is used for high-temperature heating, the temperature is kept at 300 ℃ for 20 minutes, then the air hole is opened, a motor is started to enable the stability in the cavity to descend, after the stability descends to a certain degree, a cover plate is opened, lactobacillus plantarum, saccharomycetes, streptococcus lactis, methane bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria are added, 20g of nutrient substances and 70g of purified water are simultaneously placed, then the fermentation is continued to be closed for 30 hours, the motor is started in sequence every 3-5 hours, the stirring is carried out for 15 minutes, the fermentation degree and the stirring condition are observed through an observation window, and after the fermentation is finished, the materials are taken out through the discharge hole.

Decomposition device includes compressor arrangement and filter equipment, and compressor arrangement includes spiral flood dragon, rotatory blade 21 and motor, and the spiral flood dragon is provided with a plurality ofly, including the feeding flood dragon 17, pay-off flood dragon 18 and ejection of compact flood dragon 16, and rotatory blade 21 sets up at the tail end of feeding flood dragon 17, and the motor drives rotatory blade 21 and the spiral flood dragon rotates, carries out shredding to the fermentation product. In the specific embodiment, the material taken out from the discharge port of the fermentation device is placed on a feeding frame and then poured into a feeding hopper 12, the lower end of the feeding hopper 12 is right opposite to a feeding auger, the feeding auger continuously rotates to continuously push the material into a distribution hopper 13, a rotating shaft is arranged in the distribution hopper, a baffle plate 22 and a rotating blade 21 are arranged on the rotating shaft, the rotating blade rapidly rotates to rapidly cut the material, and the trapezoidal structure of the baffle plate continuously shifts the material in the rotating process; besides, one side of the distributing hopper is provided with a through hole, and when the size of the cut materials is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, the cut materials enter the conveying hopper 22 and are conveyed to the feeding auger 18, and the materials with the size larger than the diameter of the through hole are discharged through the coarse material outlet 14.

The filter device is arranged on one side of the feeding flood dragon 18 and comprises a filter column 19 and a filter screen, the filter column 19 is of a hollow structure, one end of the filter column is connected with the feeding flood dragon 18, the filter screen is installed in the filter column 19, and the lower end of the filter screen is opposite to a feeding hole of the discharging flood dragon 16. In a specific embodiment, the feeding auger 18 continuously pushes the materials to move towards the filtering device under the driving of the motor, after the materials reach the filtering column, the materials with the diameter smaller than the aperture of the filtering screen continuously pass through the filtering screen due to the action of gravity and reach the feeding hole of the discharging auger 16, and then the materials are discharged under the driving of the discharging auger 16, and the feeding auger is arranged at the discharging position aiming at lifting the discharging position, so that the materials can be more conveniently collected; of course, in order to ensure that the materials passing through the filtering device can enter the feeding hole of the discharging auger, a guide structure can be arranged, and the guide structure belongs to the protection scope of the application.

The invention has the advantages that:

1) the organic solid garbage is treated by microorganisms to finally obtain raw materials of the biological organic fertilizer, thereby realizing resource recycling;

2) the prior sterilization and disinfection can eliminate harmful germs, thereby ensuring that the rapid propagation of beneficial microorganisms is not influenced and obtaining more target fermentation products as far as possible;

3) the fermentation product is treated by a decomposition device and is subjected to distinguishing treatment, so that the raw material of the satisfactory biological organic fertilizer is obtained.

The above disclosure is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variations that can be considered by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.