阅读说明：本技术 一种锚杆及其施工方法 (Anchor rod and construction method thereof ) 是由 杨佳乐 刘德仁 徐硕昌 王旭 蒋代军 于 2019-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种锚杆,包括锚杆本体,所述锚杆本体沿轴向设有注浆通道,所述注浆通道侧壁设置有出浆口；套环,所述套环固定套接在所述锚杆本体上,且位于所述出浆口的下方；倒刺机构,包括第一倒刺杆、第二倒刺杆和承压片,所述承压片设置于所述注浆通道中,所述第一倒刺杆一端与所述承压片固定连接,另一端穿过所述出浆口与所述第二倒刺杆铰接,所述第二倒刺杆与所述套环铰接,其中,当往所述注浆通道中注浆时,所述承压片使所述第一倒刺杆在所述注浆口中移动。本发明还公开了一种锚杆的施工方法,本发明大幅提高了锚杆在岩土体中的抗拔承载力,且设备制造简单造价低,具有广阔的应用前景。(The invention discloses an anchor rod, which comprises an anchor rod body, wherein a grouting channel is axially arranged on the anchor rod body, and a grout outlet is formed in the side wall of the grouting channel; the lantern ring is fixedly sleeved on the anchor rod body and is positioned below the grout outlet; barb mechanism, including first barb pole, second barb pole and pressure-bearing piece, the pressure-bearing piece set up in the slip casting passageway, first barb pole one end with pressure-bearing piece fixed connection, the other end passes grout outlet with the second barb pole is articulated, the second barb pole with the lantern ring is articulated, wherein, work as past during the slip casting in the slip casting passageway, the pressure-bearing piece makes first barb pole is in remove in the slip casting mouth. The invention also discloses a construction method of the anchor rod, the invention greatly improves the uplift bearing capacity of the anchor rod in rock and soil mass, and the equipment is simple to manufacture and low in manufacturing cost, and has wide application prospect.)

1. A rock bolt, comprising:

the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body (1), wherein a grouting channel (2) is axially arranged on the anchor rod body (1), and a grout outlet (3) is formed in the side wall of the grouting channel (2);

the lantern ring (4) is fixedly sleeved on the anchor rod body (1) and is positioned below the grout outlet (3);

barb mechanism (5), including first barb pole (51), second barb pole (52) and pressure-bearing piece (53), pressure-bearing piece (53) set up in slip casting passageway (2), first barb pole (51) one end with pressure-bearing piece (53) fixed connection, the other end passes grout outlet (3) with second barb pole (52) are articulated, second barb pole (52) with lantern ring (4) fixed connection, wherein, work as past during slip casting in slip casting passageway (2), pressure-bearing piece (53) make first barb pole (51) are in remove in slip casting mouth (3).

2. A bolt according to claim 1, wherein the axial direction of the first barbed rod (51) is a first direction and the axial direction of the bolt body (1) is a second direction, wherein the first direction is different from the second direction.

3. A rock bolt according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the width of the grout outlet (3) is equal to the diameter of the first and second barbed rods (51, 52), and the length of the grout outlet (3) is greater than the sum of the length of the first barbed rod (51) and the length of the second barbed rod (52).

4. A rock bolt according to claim 1, further comprising an anchor section (6) and a rock bolt trailing end (7);

the anchoring section (6) comprises an anchor head (61), the anchor head (61) is connected with one end of the anchor rod body (1), bottom grout outlet holes (62) are uniformly formed in the anchor head (61), and centering members (63) are arranged on two sides of the anchor head (61);

stock tail end (7) including ending thick liquid stopper (71), backing plate (72), nut (73) and end cap (74), end thick liquid stopper (71), backing plate (72), nut (73) and end cap (74) in proper order with stock body (1) other end is connected, just end cap (10) are located far anchor section one end for stop up the opening of slip casting passageway (2).

5. A rock bolt according to claim 1, wherein the collars (4) are provided in a plurality of spaced apart positions on the outer surface of the rock bolt body (1), the distance between adjacent collars (4) being 30 cm.

6. A rock bolt according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the collar (4) is threadedly connected to the rock bolt body (1) or the collar (4) is welded to the rock bolt body (1).

7. A rock bolt according to claim 1, wherein the first and second barbed rods (51, 52) are cylindrical, 8mm in diameter and 7cm in length.

8. A rock bolt according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the first and second barbed rods (51, 52) are each of a low alloy steel.

9. A rock bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that the grout outlet (3) is rectangular in shape with a length of 15cm and a width of 8 mm.

10. A method of constructing a rock bolt according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1, drilling, namely drilling to the designed anchoring depth by adopting a common rock drill and cleaning the drilled hole;

s2, installing an anchor rod, installing the anchor rod according to the design, inserting the anchor rod into the drilled hole in the center, keeping the exposed length of the anchor rod to be 10-15 cm, installing a grout stop plug (71), a backing plate (72) and a nut (73) at the tail of the anchor rod according to the requirements, and fixing the anchor rod firmly;

and S3, grouting, namely connecting the tail end (7) of the anchor rod, a grouting pipe and a selected grouting pump through a quick grouting connector, starting the grouting pump to perform grouting, finishing the whole anchor rod construction after the grouting pressure meets the design requirement, wherein the grouting process is continuous and compact, the grouting pipe is not interrupted in the midway, and the grouting pipe is lifted while grouting, so that the pipe head of the grouting pipe is ensured to be inserted 50-80 cm below the liquid level of the grout.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering anchoring support, in particular to an anchor rod and a construction method thereof.

Background

The anchor rod is the most basic component of roadway support in the middle of the mine of the current underground mining, overcomes the defect that the tensile strength of the rock-soil body is far lower than the compressive strength through the longitudinal tension action of the anchor rod body, forms an integral and stable rock zone around the roadway, enables the surrounding rock to support the rock-soil body per se, and therefore limits the rock-soil body to be separated from the original body. From the mechanical point of view, the mechanical state of the surrounding rock is changed, and the cohesive force of the surrounding rock is mainly improved

And angle of internal friction

Thereby greatly enhancing the bearing capacity of the rock-soil body.

Since 1912, the German Sherez mine firstly adopts the anchor rod to support the underground roadway, and the anchor rod is widely applied to the construction field of actively reinforcing slopes, tunnels, dams and the like due to the characteristics of simple structure, good supporting effect, convenient construction, low cost and the like. The existing anchor rod structure is low in cohesive force with surrounding soil layers and small in contact area during working, so that the anchor rod has the characteristics of being weak in uplift bearing capacity and the like, and therefore a novel anchor rod structure is needed urgently to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that the pulling-resistant bearing capacity of the anchor rod is weak due to the fact that the existing anchor rod structure is low in binding force with a surrounding soil layer and small in contact area when in work, the invention provides the anchor rod and a construction method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a rock bolt comprising:

the anchor rod body is provided with a grouting channel along the axial direction, and the side wall of the grouting channel is provided with a grout outlet;

the lantern ring is fixedly sleeved on the anchor rod body and is positioned below the grout outlet;

barb mechanism, including first barb pole, second barb pole and pressure-bearing piece, the pressure-bearing piece set up in the slip casting passageway, first barb pole one end with pressure-bearing piece fixed connection, the other end passes grout outlet with the second barb pole is articulated, the second barb pole with lantern ring fixed connection, wherein, work as past during the slip casting in the slip casting passageway, the pressure-bearing piece makes first barb pole is in remove in the slip casting mouth.

In some embodiments, the axial direction of the first barbed rod is a first direction and the axial direction of the bolt body is a second direction, wherein the first direction is different from the second direction.

In some embodiments, the width of the grout outlet is equal to the diameter of the first barbed rod and the second barbed rod, and the length of the grout outlet is greater than the sum of the length of the first barbed rod and the length of the second barbed rod.

In some embodiments, the anchor further comprises an anchor section and an anchor tail end;

the anchoring section comprises an anchor head, the anchor head is connected with one end of the anchor rod body, bottom grout outlet holes are uniformly formed in the anchor head, and centering members are arranged on two sides of the anchor head;

the stock tail end including only thick liquid stopper, backing plate, nut and end cap, only thick liquid stopper, backing plate, nut and end cap in proper order with the stock body other end is connected, just the end cap is located far anchor section one end, is used for plugging up the opening of slip casting passageway.

In some embodiments, the number of the lantern rings is equal to the distance between the lantern rings and the outer surface of the anchor rod body, and the distance between the adjacent lantern rings is 30 cm.

In some embodiments, the collar is threaded and/or welded to the bolt body.

In some embodiments, the first and second barbed rods are cylindrical, 8mm in diameter, and 7cm in length.

In some embodiments, the first and second barbed rods are each made of a low alloy steel.

In some embodiments, the slurry outlet is rectangular with a length of 15cm and a width of 8 mm.

In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a construction method of an anchor rod, including the steps of:

s1, drilling, namely drilling to the designed anchoring depth by adopting a common rock drill and cleaning the drilled hole;

s2, installing an anchor rod, installing the anchor rod according to the design, inserting the anchor rod into the drilled hole in the center, keeping the exposed length of the anchor rod to be 10-15 cm, installing a grout stop plug, a backing plate and a nut at the tail of the anchor rod according to the requirements, and fixing the anchor rod firmly;

and S3, grouting, namely connecting the tail end of the anchor rod, the grouting pipe and the selected grouting pump through the quick grouting connector, starting the grouting pump to perform grouting, finishing the whole anchor rod construction after the grouting pressure meets the design requirement, wherein the grouting process is continuous and compact without interruption, the grouting pipe needs to be lifted while grouting, and the pipe head of the grouting pipe is ensured to be inserted 50-80 cm below the liquid level of the grout.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) according to the invention, the grout outlet arranged at the periphery of the anchor rod body is utilized to extrude grout from the grout outlet under the action of grout hydraulic pressure, so that the barbed rods connected to the lantern ring at the periphery are rotated and inserted into soil to form a barbed mechanism, the contact area of the anchor rod and the surrounding soil is increased, the grouting depth is increased, and the uplift bearing capacity of the anchor rod in a rock-soil body is greatly improved.

(2) According to the severity of the disease in the treatment area, the length of the barb rod can be selected, and the length of the formed anchor rod barb can be changed correspondingly.

(3) The anchor rod structure has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, convenience in early installation of rod pieces, simple and easy operation in the construction process, good later-stage supporting effect and the like, and has wide application prospect in the construction field of actively reinforcing slopes, tunnels, dam bodies and the like.

(4) The construction method of the anchor rod adopts a hollow grouting mode, the barb mechanism of the anchor rod plays a role under the action of pressure grouting, and the formed barb mechanism enables the grouting fullness of the anchor rod to be higher, so that the engineering anchoring quality is greatly improved, and the method has complementary benefits.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an anchor rod before grouting of the anchor rod;

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the barbs of one anchor of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a collar of a rock bolt of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the anchor rod after grouting.

Reference numerals:

1 is the stock body, 2 is the slip casting passageway, 3 is the grout outlet, 4 is the lantern ring, 5 is barb mechanism, 51 is first barb pole, 52 is the second barb pole, 53 is the bearing piece, 6 is the anchor section, 61 is the anchor head, 62 is bottom grout outlet, 63 is the component placed in the middle, 7 is the stock tail end, 71 is to starch the stopper, 72 is the backing plate, 73 is the nut, 74 is the end cap.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

a rock bolt comprising:

the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body 1, wherein a grouting channel 2 is axially arranged on the anchor rod body 1, and a grout outlet 3 is formed in the side wall of the grouting channel 2;

the lantern ring 4 is fixedly sleeved on the anchor rod body 1 and is positioned below the grout outlet 3;

barb mechanism 5, including first barb pole 51, second barb pole 52 and pressure-bearing piece 53, pressure-bearing piece 53 set up in slip casting passageway 2, first barb pole 51 one end with pressure-bearing piece 53 fixed connection, the other end pass grout outlet 3 with second barb pole 52 is articulated, second barb pole 52 with lantern ring 4 fixed connection, wherein, when toward slip casting in the slip casting passageway 2, pressure-bearing piece 53 makes first barb pole 51 remove in slip casting mouth 3, wherein, pressure-bearing piece 53 is located slip casting passageway 2, and the primary function is air pressure and the thick liquid pressure in slip casting passageway 2 when bearing the slip casting, slides down under both combined actions to drive the rotation of barb mechanism 5, and secondly plays the constraining action, makes barb mechanism 5 can only rotate according to specified direction, forms regular stock mechanism, wherein, stock body 1 can adopt the full length standard coarse pitch helicitic texture of surface, thereby the cutting and the extension of the stock of being convenient for of helicitic texture are compared with the smooth body of rod and have increased the area of bonding of stock body with slip casting material and have improved anchor power, barb mechanism 5 can effectively increase the area of contact of stock and surrounding soil layer, improves the adhesion strength, and wherein the power source that first barb pole and second barb pole removed includes: the first is the pressure of the grout acting on the bearing sheet 53, and the second is the pressure of the grout extruding through the grout outlet 3 when grouting, so that the first barb rod and the second barb rod are impacted, and under the combined action of the first barb rod and the second barb rod, the first barb rod and the second barb rod are moved, and a spike is formed and inserted into the soil body.

In some embodiments, the anchor rod body 1 at the inner side of the barb mechanism 5 is provided with four grouting ports 3, and grout is gushed out through the grouting ports 3 during grouting, so that the barb rod rotates under the action of pressure and is inserted into a soil body to form the barb mechanism.

In some embodiments, the axial direction of the first barb rod 51 is a first direction, and the axial direction of the anchor rod body 1 is a second direction, wherein the first direction is different from the second direction, which is beneficial to enabling the barb mechanism to rotate relative to the anchor rod, increasing the contact area of the anchor rod and the surrounding soil layer, and improving the cohesive force.

In some embodiments, the width of the grout outlet 3 is equal to the diameter of the first barb rod 51 and the second barb rod 52, and the length of the grout outlet 3 is greater than the sum of the length of the first barb rod 51 and the length of the second barb rod 52, so that the barb mechanisms can extend out of a part of the anchor rod body 1, and the contact area of the anchor rod body 1 with the surrounding soil layer during operation is increased.

In some embodiments, the bolt further comprises an anchor section 6 and a bolt tail end 7; the anchoring section 6 comprises an anchor head 61, the anchor head 61 is connected with one end of the anchor rod body 1, bottom grout outlet holes 62 are uniformly formed in the anchor head 61, and centering members 63 are arranged on two sides of the anchor head 61; stock tail end 7 includes only thick liquid stopper 71, backing plate 72, nut 73 and end cap 74, only thick liquid stopper 71, backing plate 72, nut 73 and end cap 74 in proper order with the stock body 1 other end is connected, just end cap 10 is located far away anchor section one end, is used for plugging up slip casting passageway 2's opening, wherein, stock body 1 is low alloy steel Q345, and stock body 1 surface should have the connecting thread that matches with nut 73, and the screw thread direction is the levogyration, and the pitch is 8mm ~ 13mm, and the thread height is 1.5mm ~ 2mm, and is exemplary, bottom grout outlet 62 is 4 for whole device in the course of the work, the area that goes out the thick liquid cover is wide enough, has improved the adhesion stress of stock body 1 with surrounding soil layer, and the anchor is effectual.

In some embodiments, the number of the collars 4 is equal to the outer surface of the anchor body 1, the distance between adjacent collars 4 is 30cm, and illustratively, the number of the collars 4 is preferably 4, and 4 is selected to effectively increase the contact area with the surrounding soil layer.

In some embodiments, the collar 4 is threadedly connected with the bolt body 1 and/or the sleeve

The ring 4 welds on stock body 1, 4 inboards of lantern ring are equipped with the connecting thread who matches with stock body 1, and the outside is smooth, screw up its rotatory behind the fixed position to the welding is on stock body 1, prevent that it from sliding after the atress, influences the whole result of use of stock, adopt welded mode again behind the threaded connection, also can effectively prevent the phenomenon such as not hard up of stock, drop, damage, certainly also not only limit to with this, only welding or threaded connection are feasible also.

In some embodiments, the first and second barbed rods 51 and 52 are cylindrical, 8mm in diameter, and 7cm in length.

In some embodiments, the first and second barbed rods 51 and 52 are made of low alloy steel,

adopt low alloy steel Q345, the shape is cylindrical, and the diameter is 8mm, and length is 7cm, under the pressure effect of thick liquid, can clockwise rotation certain angle to insert the soil body and form barb mechanism, on the one hand, choose for use low alloy steel can effectively reduce the anchor rod rotten destruction, phenomenons such as fracture.

In some embodiments, the slurry outlet 3 is a rectangular shape with a length of 15cm and a width of 8mm

The grout port 3 functions to provide a passage for grout in the grouting passage 2 to be squeezed out from the side wall.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a construction method of an anchor rod, including the steps of:

s1, drilling, namely drilling to the designed anchoring depth by adopting a common rock drill and cleaning the drilled hole;

s2, installing an anchor rod, installing the anchor rod according to the design, inserting the anchor rod into the drilled hole in the center, keeping the exposed length of the anchor rod to be 10-15 cm, installing a grout stop plug 71, a backing plate 72 and a nut 73 at the tail of the anchor rod according to the requirements, and fixing the anchor rod firmly;

and S3, grouting, namely connecting the tail end 7 of the anchor rod, the grouting pipe and the selected grouting pump through the quick grouting connector, starting the grouting pump to perform grouting, finishing the whole anchor rod construction after the grouting pressure meets the design requirement, wherein the grouting process is continuous and compact, the grouting pipe is not interrupted in the midway, and the grouting pipe is lifted while grouting, so that the pipe head of the grouting pipe is ensured to be inserted 50-80 cm below the liquid level of the grout.

The working principle of the anchor rod of the invention is as follows: during the use, when grout is injected into the grouting channel 2, the grout acts on the bearing sheet 53, so that the bearing sheet 53 drives the first barb rod 51 to move towards the stress direction, namely, towards the anchor head direction, because the first barb rod 51 is hinged with the second barb rod 52, when the first barb rod 51 moves, a sharp point is formed at a hinged point of the first barb rod 51 and the second barb rod 52, when the first barb rod 51 continues to move, the sharp point is inserted into the soil body, so that the contact area of the anchor rod body 1 and the surrounding soil body is increased, the uplift resistance of the anchor rod body 1 in the soil body is further greatly improved, the grout can be extruded through the grout outlet 3 during grouting, impact is formed on the first barb rod 51 and the second barb rod 52, and under the combined action of the two, the first barb rod 51 and the second barb rod 52 move, so that the sharp point is formed and inserted into the soil body.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the invention, the grout outlet arranged at the periphery of the anchor rod body is utilized to extrude grout from the grout outlet under the action of grout hydraulic pressure, so that the barbed rods connected to the lantern ring at the periphery are rotated and inserted into soil to form a barbed mechanism, the contact area of the anchor rod and the surrounding soil is increased, the grouting depth is increased, and the uplift bearing capacity of the anchor rod in a rock-soil body is greatly improved.

(2) According to the severity of the disease in the treatment area, the length of the barb rod can be selected, and the length of the formed anchor rod barb can be changed correspondingly.

(3) The anchor rod structure has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, convenience in early installation of rod pieces, simple and easy operation in the construction process, good later-stage supporting effect and the like, and has wide application prospect in the construction field of actively reinforcing slopes, tunnels, dam bodies and the like.

(4) The construction method of the anchor rod adopts a hollow grouting mode, the barb mechanism of the anchor rod plays a role under the action of pressure grouting, and the formed barb mechanism enables the grouting fullness of the anchor rod to be higher, so that the engineering anchoring quality is greatly improved, and the method has complementary benefits.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.