阅读说明：本技术 一种轴伸贯流转桨式水轮机 (Shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine ) 是由 解再益 于 2019-09-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种轴伸贯流转桨式水轮机,包括进水部分,导水机构,前导轴承机构,前主轴,前主轴密封,转轮机构,转轮室,尾水锥管,S型尾水肘管,后主轴,后主轴密封机构和推力组合轴承,所述转轮室内径为球面形状,所述转轮机构的转轮桨叶为可转动式转轮桨叶,所述转轮机构的转轮桨叶外缘为球形,在国内是首次将水轮机定桨转轮设计成转桨转轮结构,使得轴伸贯流水轮机桨叶可以随水头、负荷的变化而保持协联动作的,即扩大了此类水轮机的运行范围,提高了水轮机的效率,又提高了机组的稳定性。(The invention relates to a shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine, which comprises a water inlet part, a water distributor, a front guide bearing mechanism, a front main shaft seal, a runner mechanism, a runner chamber, a tail water taper pipe, an S-shaped tail water elbow pipe, a rear main shaft seal mechanism and a thrust combined bearing, wherein the inner diameter of the runner chamber is in a spherical shape, a runner blade of the runner mechanism is a rotatable runner blade, the outer edge of the runner blade of the runner mechanism is spherical, and a fixed-blade runner of the turbine is firstly designed into a runner structure domestically, so that the blades of the shaft extension through-flow turbine can keep cooperative action along with the change of a water head and load, thereby expanding the operating range of the turbine, improving the efficiency of the turbine and improving the stability of a unit.)

1. The utility model provides a shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine, includes water inlet portion, water distributor, preceding guide bearing mechanism, preceding main shaft seal, runner mechanism, runner room, tail water taper pipe, S type tail water elbow bend, back main shaft seal mechanism and thrust combination bearing, its characterized in that, runner room internal diameter is the sphere shape, the runner paddle of runner mechanism is rotatable runner paddle, the runner paddle outer fringe of runner mechanism is spherical.

2. The axial flow Kaplan turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Kaplan mechanism comprises a runner blade, a runner blade sealing member, a runner body, a yoke, an operation frame, a connecting rod and a rotating arm, the runner blade sealing member is fixed on the runner body through a sealing pressure plate and a fixing bolt, the front main shaft is connected with the front end of the runner body, the rear main shaft is connected with the rear end of the runner body, the runner blade sealing member, the yoke, the operation frame, the connecting rod and the rotating arm are arranged in the runner body, the runner blade, the rotating arm, the connecting rod, the yoke and the operation frame are in transmission connection, and the external runner servomotor is connected with the operation frame and is used for driving the runner blade to rotate.

3. The shaft-extension through-flow Kaplan turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the external runner servomotor comprises a piston rod, a servomotor seat, a piston, a servomotor cover and a rotary joint type oil receiver, the front main shaft, the servomotor seat, the servomotor cover and the rotary joint type oil receiver are sequentially connected end to end, the servomotor seat is connected with the front main shaft in a threaded connection manner, a servomotor sealing member is arranged at the joint of the servomotor seat and the front main shaft, the front main shaft is a hollow shaft, the piston rod is movably arranged in a cavity in the front main shaft, a cavity along the axial direction of the piston is arranged in the servomotor seat, the piston is movably arranged in the cavity in the servomotor seat, one end of the piston rod is connected with the operating frame, the other end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, oil inlets are respectively arranged on the side walls of the servomotor seats at the front and rear ends of the piston, the oil inlet is communicated with an oil outlet of the rotary joint type oil receiver through a pipeline.

4. The axial flow Kaplan turbine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rotary joint type oil receiver comprises a moving ring connected with the servomotor cover, and a stationary ring rotatably connected with the moving ring through two bearings; the first oil pipe, the second oil pipe and the third oil pipe are connected with the static ring; the first oil chamber, the second oil chamber and the third oil chamber are positioned between the movable ring and the static ring and are respectively communicated with the first oil pipe, the second oil pipe and the third oil pipe; the first operating oil pipe, the second operating oil pipe and the third operating oil pipe are positioned in the movable ring and are respectively communicated with the first oil chamber, the second oil chamber and the third oil chamber; the first operation oil pipe is communicated with an oil inlet on the side wall of the relay seat positioned at the front end of the piston, the third operation oil pipe is communicated with an oil inlet on the side wall of the relay seat positioned at the rear end of the piston, and the second operation oil pipe is communicated with a pressure maintaining cavity of the rotary joint type oil receiver.

5. The axial flow Kaplan turbine as claimed in claim 3, wherein guide bushings are provided at front and rear ends of the inner cavity of the front main shaft, respectively.

6. The axial flow Kaplan turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front guide bearing mechanism comprises an oil inlet pipe, an oil discharge pipe, a front bearing cap, a guide bearing, a rear bearing cap and an elastic bearing support, wherein a bearing bush of the guide bearing is sleeved on the front main shaft, the elastic bearing support is in a 120-degree fan-shaped structure, a lower end of the elastic bearing support is rigidly fixed on a seat ring of the axial flow Kaplan turbine, and an upper end of the elastic bearing support elastically supports the bearing bush of the guide bearing.

7. The axial-flow Kaplan turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear main shaft sealing mechanism comprises a main shaft sheath, an overhaul sealing member, a sealing seat, a working sealing member, a sealing cover, a water throwing ring and an axial sealing backing ring, the working sealing member adopts a linear-contact elastic sealing structure, the working sealing member adopts a composite material PU integrated molding, and the working sealing member wraps the main shaft sheath sleeved on the rear main shaft by means of self tension to realize a sealing effect.

8. The axial flow Kaplan turbine of claim 7, wherein the main shaft sealing structure adopts three working seals, and an axial sealing ring is arranged between each of the three working seals.

9. The axial flow Kaplan turbine of claim 7, wherein said service seal is a "core" type integrated service seal structure, and said service seal is integrally formed of a composite material.

10. The axial flow Kaplan turbine as claimed in claim 7, wherein the surface of the main shaft sheath is coated with hard ceramic.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of design and manufacture of a shaft extension through-flow turbine, in particular to a shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine.

Background

The tubular turbine is an ideal model for developing low-head hydraulic resources. The tubular turbine set has the advantages of small civil engineering quantity, short construction period, high efficiency, slight cavitation erosion, good stability and reliability and the like, and the tubular turbine set develops rapidly in recent years and tends to replace axial flow sets. Common through-flow turbines can be divided into a half through-flow turbine and a full through-flow turbine, wherein the half through-flow turbine can be divided into a shaft extension through-flow turbine, a shaft through-flow turbine and a bulb through-flow turbine, the bulb through-flow turbine is mostly adopted in large and medium hydropower stations, and the shaft extension through-flow turbine is mostly adopted in small hydropower stations.

The shaft-extension tubular turbine adopts a horizontally-arranged S-shaped flow channel, has higher flow capacity, and has larger unit flow rate than axial flow and correspondingly higher specific rotation speed in the same flow area. Therefore, under the condition of the same water head and power, the diameter of the shaft-extending tubular turbine is 10% smaller than that of the axial flow turbine.

The shaft-extending through-flow turbine is arranged in the horizontal axial direction, water flow flows to the rotating wheel in parallel with the main shaft of the turbine, and the water distributor can be arranged at a position close to the blades of the rotating wheel, so that the water flow condition at the inlet of the rotating wheel can be fully controlled, and the rotating wheel has better cavitation resistance.

The water turbine extends out of the S-shaped tail water elbow pipe through the longer shaft and is connected with the generator arranged outside the flow channel, so that the generator is arranged outside the flow channel, no special requirement is required on the generator, the common generator can be adopted, the manufacturing cost of the generator is reduced, meanwhile, the rotational inertia of the generator can be properly increased according to the requirement, and the stability of the unit is improved. Even when ultra-low water head resources are developed, the rotating speed of the water turbine is extremely low, the rotating speed of the generator can be improved by connecting the planetary gear speed reducer with the generator, so that the problem that the engine base of the generator is extremely large due to the ultra-low water head can be solved, and the arrangement mode has the advantages of compact structure, convenience in installation and maintenance and the like.

The shaft-extending through-flow turbine is axially communicated, the shape is simple, the construction is convenient, the unit is arranged by adopting a horizontal shaft, so the height and the space of the unit are shortened, the structure of the unit is compact, the structure of a plant is simplified, the civil engineering quantity of the plant is reduced, the construction period is shortened, and the civil cost can be saved by 20 to 30 percent under the general condition.

Due to the advantages, the technology of the shaft-extension through-flow turbine is widely applied in China. However, most of the shaft extension tubular turbines operated in China adopt fixed-pitch rotating wheels, and the diameter D1 of the rotating wheels of the turbines is generally less than 3 m.

The shaft extension tubular turbine of the fixed-paddle runner has the following defects at present: 1. the runner diameter is less, and the runner paddle is mostly the oar structure of deciding, and runner paddle angle is fixed unchangeable, and when the flood peak of hydraulic turbine and load change, the efficiency decline of hydraulic turbine is fast, has reduced the technical advantage of shaft extension tubular turbine.

2. The main shaft seal is a pressure contact type seal structure, is suitable for clean water power stations and is unsuitable for multi-silt power stations, and the main shaft can be quickly abraded.

3. The leading bearing has a complex structure, high manufacturing cost and great difficulty in installation and maintenance.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the fixed blade runner of the shaft extension tubular Kaplan turbine provided by the invention is firstly designed into a Kaplan runner structure in China, so that the blades of the shaft extension tubular Kaplan turbine can keep cooperative action along with the change of a water head and load, the operation range of the turbine is expanded, the efficiency of the turbine is improved, and the stability of a unit is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine, includes the part of intaking, water distributor, preceding bearing mechanism, preceding main shaft seal, runner mechanism, runner room, tail water taper pipe, S type tail water elbow bend, back main shaft seal mechanism and thrust combination bearing, runner room internal diameter is spherical shape, the runner paddle of runner mechanism is rotatable runner paddle, the runner paddle outer fringe of runner mechanism is spherical.

The runner mechanism comprises a runner paddle, a runner paddle sealing element, a runner body, a fork head, an operating frame, a connecting rod and a rotating arm, wherein the runner paddle sealing element is fixed on the runner body through a sealing pressing plate and a fixing bolt, the front main shaft is connected with the front end of the runner body, the rear main shaft is connected with the rear end of the runner body, the runner paddle sealing element, the fork head, the operating frame, the connecting rod and the rotating arm are arranged inside the runner body, the runner paddle, the rotating arm, the connecting rod, the fork head and the operating frame are in transmission connection, the runner mechanism further comprises an external runner servomotor connected with the operating frame, and the external runner servomotor is used for driving the runner paddle to rotate.

The shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine provided by the technology is characterized in that a fixed blade rotating wheel of the turbine is designed into a rotating blade rotating wheel structure for the first time in China, so that blades of the shaft extension through-flow turbine can keep cooperative action along with the change of a water head and load, the operation range of the turbine is expanded, the efficiency of the turbine is improved, and the stability of a unit is improved.

The shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine runner that the above-mentioned technique provided adopts the pull rod structure to drive runner paddle pivoted structure because of the runner diameter is little, has solved the problem that this kind of hydraulic turbine runner internal structure arranged the difficulty for the runner of minor diameter makes the Kaplan structure possible.

The shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine that above-mentioned technique provided is provided with runner paddle sealing member, and this runner paddle sealing member passes through sealing pressure plate and fixing bolt to be fixed on the runner body, therefore runner body inner chamber is oilless cavity, when realizing runner paddle free rotation, the inside no pressure oil of runner body for the shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine is more environmental protection.

The shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine provided by the technology adopts a pull rod structure to drive the rotating wheel paddle to rotate, the structure of the rotating wheel body is simplified, the processing is easy, the installation and the maintenance are convenient, the manufacturing cost is low, and the shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine is particularly suitable for the shaft extension through-flow turbine.

In one embodiment, the external rotary wheel servomotor includes a piston rod, a servomotor seat, a piston, a servomotor cover and a rotary joint type oil receiver, the front main shaft, the servomotor seat, the servomotor cover and the rotary joint type oil receiver are sequentially connected end to end, the servomotor seat is connected with the front main shaft in a threaded connection manner, a servomotor sealing member is arranged at the joint of the servomotor seat and the front main shaft, the front main shaft is a hollow shaft, the piston rod is movably arranged in a cavity inside the front main shaft, a cavity along the axial direction of the piston rod is arranged inside the servomotor seat, the piston is movably arranged in the cavity inside the servomotor seat, one end of the piston rod is connected with the operating frame, the other end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, oil inlets are respectively arranged on the side walls of the servomotor seat positioned at the front end and the rear end of the piston, the oil inlet is communicated with an oil outlet of the rotary joint type oil receiver through a pipeline.

Specifically, the rotary joint type oil receiver comprises a movable ring connected with the relay cover; the static ring is rotationally connected with the dynamic ring through two bearings; the first oil pipe, the second oil pipe and the third oil pipe are connected with the static ring; the first oil chamber, the second oil chamber and the third oil chamber are positioned between the movable ring and the static ring and are respectively communicated with the first oil pipe, the second oil pipe and the third oil pipe; the first operating oil pipe, the second operating oil pipe and the third operating oil pipe are positioned in the movable ring and are respectively communicated with the first oil chamber, the second oil chamber and the third oil chamber; the first operation oil pipe is communicated with an oil inlet on the side wall of the relay seat positioned at the front end of the piston, the third operation oil pipe is communicated with an oil inlet on the side wall of the relay seat positioned at the rear end of the piston, and the second operation oil pipe is communicated with a pressure maintaining cavity of the rotary joint type oil receiver.

The technology adopts the key technology of (a Kaplan turbine oil receiver and a Kaplan turbine with the oil receiver structure) ZL 201620752089.1: the rotary joint type oil receiver is integrated, a traditional floating tile structure is omitted, the oil receiver is integrally designed into a single part, and oil inlet and outlet actions of corresponding oil ports are completed in the rotary joint type oil receiver.

The oil supply device comprises an inner ring and an outer ring of the rotary joint type oil supply head, wherein the inner ring is a moving ring and synchronously rotates along with the group; the outer ring is a static ring and is connected with a pressure oil source from the outside, and the outer ring is static. The inner ring and the outer ring are connected by adopting a rolling bearing structure, the inner ring and the outer ring are sleeved into an independent integral part in a hot mode, two cavities can be divided by the inner ring and the outer ring, and an axial sealing structure is adopted between the cavities to ensure that oil leakage does not occur between the two cavities; the two cavities can receive pressure oil led in from the outer ring in a 360-degree uninterrupted manner while the inner ring rotates through the oil inlet fixed on the outer ring, and a pressure oil source is respectively communicated with the oil inlets on the side walls of the servomotor bases positioned at the front end and the rear end of the piston along the two oil ways on the inner ring, so that the piston is controlled to move left and right and a piston rod connected with the piston is driven to move left and right, and further an operation frame of a runner blade connected with the piston rod is controlled to move, so that the runner blade can rotate forwards and backwards to adapt to the dynamic matching requirement of the load and the water head of the water turbine, and the water turbine is ensured to be always operated in a high-.

In the structure of the shaft-extension tubular turbine, a bulb body positioned in front of a flow passage of a turbine set is small, usually only a guide bearing and a main shaft sealing element can be arranged, the operating space in the bulb body is narrow, the traditional oil receiver structure cannot be arranged, but the external dimension of the oil receiver is greatly reduced by utilizing the rotary joint type oil receiver structure, so that the volume of the oil receiver can be arranged below the bulb body, thus a rotating wheel servomotor is arranged in the bulb body, the structure of the rotating wheel servomotor is directly connected with a front main shaft and is integrated with the main shaft to synchronously operate, the rotating wheel servomotor is connected with the rotary joint type oil receiver, the rotating wheel is connected with a rotating wheel, the structure is compact, and the layout is reasonable.

The servomotor sealing element is arranged at the joint of the servomotor seat and the front main shaft, so that the cavity of the external runner servomotor is fully sealed, and pressure oil only works in the external runner servomotor, so that the insides of the front main shaft and the runner are ensured to be oilless.

In one embodiment, the front end and the rear end of the inner cavity of the front main shaft are respectively provided with a guide shaft sleeve, the rotating wheel servomotor directly pushes the operating frame of the shaft-extending through-flow rotating-paddle type rotating wheel through a piston rod, and the rotating wheel operating mechanism is directly controlled to move, and correspondingly, a guide structure is required to be designed to ensure that the track of the front and rear movement routes of the operating frame is not changed.

In one embodiment, the front guide bearing mechanism comprises an oil inlet pipe, an oil discharge pipe, a front bearing cover, a guide bearing, a rear bearing cover and an elastic bearing support, wherein a bearing bush of the guide bearing is sleeved on the front main shaft, the elastic bearing support is in a fan-shaped structure of 120 degrees, the lower end of the elastic bearing support is rigidly fixed on a seat ring of the shaft-extension through-flow turbine, and the upper end of the elastic bearing support elastically supports the bearing bush of the guide bearing.

Above-mentioned technical scheme adopts elastic bearing structure, and is the same with the automatic aligning formula bearing structure who adopts the sphere, has realized the automatic aligning function of front spindle. The technical principle of the elastic bearing supporting structure is novel, and the structural arrangement of the guide bearing is concise.

Compared with the traditional guide bearing, the guide bearing in the technical scheme has the advantages of more compact structural arrangement and small installation space, is more suitable for the characteristic of narrow internal space of the bulb body of the shaft-extension tubular turbine, and improves the installation and maintenance performance of the unit.

Compared with the traditional guide bearing, the guide bearing in the technical scheme has the advantages of simple structure, small number of parts, no semi-spherical bearing seat, and great reduction of manufacturing and processing cost.

In one embodiment, the rear main shaft sealing mechanism comprises a main shaft sheath, an overhauling sealing element, a sealing seat, a working sealing element, a sealing cover, a water throwing ring and an axial sealing supporting ring, wherein the working sealing element adopts an elastic sealing structure in line contact, the working sealing element is integrally formed by a composite material PU, and the working sealing element wraps the main shaft sheath on the rear main shaft by means of self tension to realize sealing effect.

Normally, the stuffing seal needs to fill the seal cavity, and a certain external pressure needs to be applied to the stuffing so as to keep the clearance between the main shaft and the main shaft seal small enough, so that the stuffing seal and the main shaft always make friction motion when the unit operates, and the damage to the main shaft is obvious. The working sealing piece in the technical scheme is in line contact with the rotating rear main shaft, has slight friction with the rear main shaft and causes little damage to the rear main shaft.

In one embodiment, the main shaft sealing structure adopts three working seals, and an axial sealing backing ring is respectively arranged between the three working seals.

The main shaft sealing structure in the technical scheme is characterized in that three working sealing elements are arranged, an axial sealing supporting ring is arranged between the three working sealing elements respectively, the working sealing elements are supported from the back, and the tension of the working sealing elements is increased so as to play a better sealing role.

In one embodiment, the service sealing element is a heart-shaped integrated service sealing structure, and the service sealing element is integrally formed by composite materials.

The maintenance sealing member among the above-mentioned technical scheme adopts the integral type maintenance seal structure of "heart" type, overhauls the sealing member and adopts combined material integrated into one piece, overhauls the sealing member and intercepts as required to glue into the round and can use, uses and maintains simply. When the unit is overhauled, the outer diameter of the main shaft is embraced under the action of external air pressure, and the water sealing effect is achieved.

In one embodiment, the surface of the spindle sheath is coated with hard ceramic, and the hard ceramic is coated on the surface of the spindle sheath, so that the surface of the spindle sheath is high in hardness, wear-resistant and sand-proof.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotating wheel mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the view along the direction K in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view at the rotor blade seal of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an external rotary wheel servomotor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a front view partially sectional structural schematic view of the rotary joint type oil receiver in fig. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of an internal structure of the rotary joint type oil receiver in fig. 5;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of a leading bearing mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of the structure of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of a rear spindle seal mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and the like are used in the indicated orientations and positional relationships based on the orientation shown in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be considered as limiting.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

As shown in fig. 1-10, for convenience of description, the "up", "down", "left", "right", "front" and "rear" orientation references in the present invention are based on the orientation shown in fig. 1;

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a shaft extension through-flow Kaplan turbine includes a water inlet part 1, a water distributor 4, a front guide bearing mechanism 3, a front main shaft 13, a front main shaft seal 12, a runner mechanism 5, a runner chamber 6, a tail water taper pipe 7, an S-shaped tail water elbow pipe 8, a rear main shaft 10, a rear main shaft seal mechanism 9 and a thrust combination bearing 11, wherein the inner diameter of the runner chamber 6 is spherical, runner blades 5-1 of the runner mechanism 5 are rotatable runner blades, and the outer edges of the runner blades of the runner mechanism 5 are spherical.

As shown in fig. 2-4, specifically, the rotating wheel mechanism 5 comprises a rotating wheel blade 5-1, a rotating wheel blade sealing member 5-2, a rotating wheel body 5-3, a fork 5-4, an operation frame 5-5, a connecting rod 5-8 and a rotating arm 5-10, the rotating wheel blade sealing member 5-2 is fixed on the rotating wheel body 5-3 through a sealing pressure plate 5-11 and a fixing bolt, a front main shaft 13 is connected with the front end of the rotating wheel body 5-2, a rear main shaft 10 is connected with the rear end of the rotating wheel body 5-3, the rotating wheel blade 2-1, the rotating wheel blade sealing member 5-2, the fork 5-4, the operation frame 5-5, the connecting rod 5-8 and the rotating arm 5-10 are arranged inside the rotating wheel body 5-2, the rotating wheel blade 5-1, the rotating arm 5-10 and the connecting rod 5, the fork 5-4 is in transmission connection with the operation frame 5-5, and the external rotating wheel servomotor 2 is connected with the operation frame 5-5, and the external rotating wheel servomotor 2 is used for driving the rotating wheel paddle 5-1 to rotate.

As shown in fig. 5-7, specifically, the external rotary wheel servomotor 2 includes a piston rod 2-1, a servomotor seat 2-3, a piston 2-4, a servomotor cover 2-5 and a rotary joint type oil receiver 2-6, a front spindle 13, a servomotor seat 2-3, a servomotor cover 2-5 and a rotary joint type oil receiver 2-6 are sequentially connected end to end, the servomotor seat 2-3 is connected with the front spindle 13 by a threaded connection, a servomotor sealing member 2-2 is arranged at the connection of the servomotor seat 2-3 and the front spindle 13, the front spindle 13 is a hollow shaft, the piston rod 2-1 is movably arranged in a cavity inside the front spindle 13, a cavity along the axial direction is arranged inside the servomotor seat 2-3, the piston 2-4 is movably arranged in the cavity inside the servomotor seat 2-3, one end of a piston rod 2-1 is connected with an operation frame 5-5, the other end is connected with a piston 2-4, oil inlets are respectively arranged on the side walls of the relay seats 2-3 positioned at the front end and the rear end of the piston 2-4, and the oil inlets on the side walls of the relay seats 2-3 are communicated with oil outlets of rotary joint type oil receivers 2-6 through pipelines.

Specifically, the rotary joint type oil receiver 2-6 comprises a movable ring 2-6-10 connected with a relay cover 2-5; a stationary ring 2-6-11 rotatably connected with the moving ring 2-6-10 through two bearings; a first oil pipe 2-6-2, a second oil pipe 2-6-3 and a third oil pipe 2-6-4 which are connected with the static ring 2-6-11; a first oil chamber, a second oil chamber and a third oil chamber which are positioned between the movable ring 2-6-10 and the static ring 2-6-11 and are respectively communicated with the first oil pipe 2-6-2, the second oil pipe 2-6-3 and the third oil pipe 2-6-4; a first operation oil pipe 2-6-5, a second operation oil pipe 2-6-6 and a third operation oil pipe 2-6-7 which are respectively communicated with the first oil chamber, the second oil chamber and the third oil chamber are positioned in the movable ring 2-6-10; the first operation oil pipe 2-6-5 is communicated with an oil inlet on the side wall of the relay seat 2-5 positioned at the front end of the piston 2-4, the third operation oil pipe 2-6-7 is communicated with an oil inlet on the side wall of the relay seat 2-5 positioned at the rear end of the piston 2-4, and the second operation oil pipe 2-6-6 is communicated with a pressure maintaining cavity of the rotary joint type oil receiver 2-6.

In the process of the rotary operation of the unit, a pressure oil source is conveyed to working cavities at two ends of a piston 2-4 through a communication pipeline of a relay machine cover 2-5 and a relay machine seat 2-3 by using a rotary joint type oil receiver 20, so that the piston 2-4 can be pushed by the pressure oil to move back and forth, and a piston rod 2-1 is driven by the piston 2-4 to move back and forth; the moving mechanism of the runner blade 5-1 consists of an operating frame 5-5, a fork 5-4, a connecting rod 5-8 and a rotating arm 5-10, under the action of a piston rod 2-1, the back-and-forth movement of the piston rod 2-1 is transmitted to the operating frame 5-5 rigidly connected with the piston rod 2-1 to drive the operating frame 5-5 to move back and forth together, as shown in figure 3, the operating frame 5-5 is rigidly connected with the runner blade 5-1 through a group of fork 5-4, a group of connecting rods 5-8 and a group of rotating arm 5-10 to convert the back-and-forth movement of the fork 5-4 into the rotating movement of the connecting rods 5-8 dragging or pushing the runner blade 5-1 to rotate around the central line of the runner blade 5-1 at a certain angle, thereby realizing that the runner blade 5-1 of the axial-extension through-flow turbine can follow the water head, The load changes and the cooperation action is kept, so the operation range of the shaft-extension tubular turbine is expanded, the water energy utilization efficiency is high, and the stability of the unit is good.

For the shaft-extension through-flow propeller turbine unit, because the power mechanism for operating the runner blades 5-1 is not arranged in the runner body 5-3, a pressure oil system does not exist in the runner body 5-3 and the front main shaft 13, so that 5-3 in the runner body has no pressure oil, the runner body 5 can not pollute the water quality of a river channel, the turbine unit is more environment-friendly, the environment-friendly level of the turbine unit is improved, and the popularization of the shaft-extension through-flow propeller turbine unit has more economic and technical advantages.

In order to prevent water in the runner from flowing back into the runner body 5-3, a paddle sealing member 5-2 is arranged at the joint of the runner paddle 5-1 and the runner body 5-3, as shown in fig. 4, and the paddle sealing member 5-2 is used for isolating the cavity in the runner body 5-3 from water outside the runner body 5-3. The sealing only needs to prevent water flow (and silt impurities) from entering the interior of the runner body 5-3, and the river water is prevented from corroding the moving mechanism of the runner blades 5-1.

Preferably, the front end and the rear end of the inner cavity of the front main shaft 13 are respectively provided with a guide shaft sleeve 2-2, when the piston rod 2-1 of the rotating wheel servomotor 2 passes through the interior of the front main shaft 13, the interior of the front main shaft 13 is provided with two guide shaft sleeves 2-2, the movement route of the piston rod 2-1 is directly fixed, and no other guide structure is required to be designed.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, preferably, the front guide bearing mechanism 3 includes an oil inlet pipe 3-1, an oil discharge pipe 3-2, a front bearing cap 3-3, a guide bearing 3-4, a rear bearing cap 3-5 and an elastic bearing support 3-6, a bearing bush of the guide bearing 3-4 is sleeved on the front main shaft 13, the elastic bearing support 3-6 has a 120-degree fan-shaped structure, the lower end of the elastic bearing support 3-6 is rigidly fixed on a seat ring of the axial flow turbine, and the upper end of the elastic bearing support 3-6 elastically supports the bearing bush of the guide bearing 3-4.

The elastic bearing supports 3-6 are adopted, so that the bearing bushes of the radial guide bearings 3-4 can synchronously deform and move along with the bending of the front main shaft 13, and the purpose that the front main shaft 13 has certain automatic centering is achieved.

The leading bearing mechanism 3 works according to the following principle: lubricating oil flows out from a high-level oil tank, enters an oil inlet pipe 3-1 and directly flows into a bearing bush of a guide bearing 3-4, after cooling and lubricating the bearing bush of the guide bearing 3-4, flows out from two sides of the bearing bush of the guide bearing 3-4, a front bearing cover 3-3 and a rear bearing cover 3-5 are arranged on two sides of the bearing bush of the guide bearing 3-4, lubricating oil flowing out from two sides of the bearing bush of the guide bearing 3-4 falls into the front bearing cover 3-3 and the rear bearing cover 3-5 under the action of an oil slinger of a rotating front main shaft 13, is discharged into an oil collecting tank at the lower part of a unit through an oil discharge pipe 3-2 of the front bearing cover 3-3 and the rear bearing cover 3-5, and is pumped into the high-level oil tank after being cooled and filtered by the oil collecting tank and then enters the circulating reciprocating motion of the lubricating oil again.

The front bearing cover 3-3 and the rear bearing cover 3-5 are both provided with oil retaining rings to prevent lubricating oil from leaking out from two sides of the bearing end cover.

As shown in fig. 10, preferably, the rear spindle sealing mechanism 9 includes a spindle sheath 9-1, a maintenance sealing member 9-2, a sealing seat 9-3, a working sealing member 9-4, a sealing cover 9-5, a water slinging ring 9-6 and an axial sealing backing ring 9-7, the working sealing member 9-4 is an elastic sealing structure with line contact, the working sealing member 9-4 is integrally formed by using a composite material PU, and the working sealing member 9-4 wraps the spindle sheath 9-1 sleeved on the rear spindle 10 by means of its own tension to realize a sealing function.

The working sealing element 9-4 in the technical scheme is in line contact with the rotating rear main shaft 10, has slight friction with the rear main shaft 10, and has small damage to the rear main shaft 10.

The working sealing element 9-4 is in line contact with the rotating rear main shaft 10, has slight friction with the rear main shaft 10 and small heat productivity, is cooled by utilizing leakage water, does not need to be additionally filled with lubricating cooling water, and has higher sealing reliability.

Preferably, the main shaft sealing structure 9 adopts three working seals 9-4, and an axial sealing backing ring 9-7 is respectively arranged between the three working seals 9-4 to support the working seals 9-4 from the back and increase the tension of the working seals 9-4 so as to play a better sealing role.

Preferably, the overhaul sealing piece 9-2 adopts a heart-shaped integrated overhaul sealing structure, the overhaul sealing piece 9-2 is integrally formed by adopting a composite material, the overhaul sealing piece 9-2 is cut out as required and is bonded into a circle for use, and the overhaul sealing piece is simple to use and maintain. When the machine set is overhauled, under the action of external air pressure, the overhauling sealing piece 9-2 embraces the outer diameter of the rear main shaft 10 to play a role in sealing water.

Preferably, the hard ceramic is sprayed on the surface of the main shaft sheath 9-1, and the hard ceramic is sprayed on the surface of the main shaft sheath 9-1, so that the hardness and the smoothness of the outer surface of the main shaft sheath 9-1 are improved, the damage of the working seal 9-4 to the rear main shaft 10 is greatly reduced, and the service life of the rear main shaft 10 is prolonged.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.