阅读说明：本技术 一种仿蒲公英结构的下投式探空仪 (Formula of throwing sonde under imitative dandelion structure ) 是由 郑德智 张帅磊 王帅 曹先彬 张军 于 2019-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种仿蒲公英结构的下投式探空仪,在恶劣环境下,探空仪的上下旋翼不易损坏,即使损坏少量旋翼仍能保证正常使用,可适用于对台风这样恶劣天气的探测；在上下旋翼闭合状态下,探空仪被弹射至预定高度,自动打开上下旋翼,然后缓慢下落,采用双层旋翼结构,且上下旋翼的倾斜方向相反,在外界环境的作用下产生方向相反的气流,上下旋翼的旋转方向相反,可以增强空气阻力,获得更长的滞空时间；通过调整上下旋翼的倾斜角度,可以控制探空仪的下降速度,获得理想的滞空时间；利用微控制器调节模拟电阻,改变各上下旋翼旋转时受到的相对扭转力矩,改变上下旋翼的相对旋转速度,可以实现对探空仪下降速度的控制,获得理想的滞空时间。(The invention discloses a lower-throwing sonde with a dandelion-like structure, wherein the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing of the sonde are not easy to damage under severe environment, normal use can be ensured even if a small amount of rotor wings are damaged, and the lower-throwing sonde can be suitable for detecting severe weather such as typhoon; when the upper and lower rotors are in a closed state, the sonde is ejected to a preset height, the upper and lower rotors are automatically opened and then slowly fall down, a double-layer rotor structure is adopted, the inclination directions of the upper and lower rotors are opposite, airflow in opposite directions is generated under the action of an external environment, the rotation directions of the upper and lower rotors are opposite, air resistance can be enhanced, and longer dead time can be obtained; the descending speed of the sonde can be controlled by adjusting the inclination angles of the upper rotor and the lower rotor, so that ideal dead time is obtained; the microcontroller is used for adjusting the analog resistor, changing the relative torque moment received by the upper rotor and the lower rotor during rotation, and changing the relative rotation speed of the upper rotor and the lower rotor, so that the descending speed of the sonde can be controlled, and the ideal dead time can be obtained.)

1. The utility model provides an imitative dandelion structure throw formula sonde down which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a support system (1), a rotor wing system (2), a rotor wing constraint system (3), a sensing main control system (4) and an electric damping system (5); wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the support system (1) comprises: the device comprises a hollow upper support rod (6), a hollow lower support rod (7), an upper disc (8) fixedly connected with the top of the upper support rod (6), and a lower disc (9) fixedly connected with the top of the lower support rod (7); wherein, part of the upper support rod (6) is inserted into the lower support rod (7), and the upper part of the upper disc (8) and the upper support rod (6) is exposed out of the lower support rod (7);

the rotor system (2) comprises: a plurality of upper rotors (10), a plurality of lower rotors (11), a plurality of upper springs (12) corresponding to the upper rotors (10) one by one, a plurality of lower springs (13) corresponding to the lower rotors (11) one by one, a plurality of upper connectors (14) corresponding to the upper rotors (10) one by one, and a plurality of lower connectors (15) corresponding to the lower rotors (11) one by one; wherein the tilt direction of each upper rotor (10) is opposite to the tilt direction of each lower rotor (11); one end of each upper spring (12) is fixedly connected with the corresponding upper rotary wing (10), and the other end of each upper spring is fixedly connected with the upper support rod (6); one end of each lower spring (13) is fixedly connected with the corresponding lower rotary wing (11), and the other end of each lower spring is fixedly connected with the lower support rod (7); each upper connecting piece (14) comprises an upper inclination angle adjusting rod (16), an upper angle limiting cylinder (17) and an upper rotary wing adjusting ring (18); wherein an upper inclination angle adjusting rod (16) in each upper connecting piece (14) is fixedly connected with the corresponding upper rotor wing (10), an upper inclination angle limiting cylinder (17) in each upper connecting piece (14) is fixedly connected with an upper rotor wing adjusting ring (18), a plurality of upper inclination angle adjusting marbles (19) which are arranged along the extending direction of the upper inclination angle adjusting rod (16) are arranged on the surface of the upper inclination angle adjusting rod (16), the upper angle limiting cylinder (17) is provided with a plurality of groups of upper inclination angle limiting holes (20) which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the upper angle limiting cylinder (17), each group of upper angle limiting holes (20) are in one-to-one correspondence with each upper inclination angle adjusting marble (19), the upper inclination angle adjusting rod (16) is inserted into the upper angle limiting cylinder (17), each upper inclination angle adjusting marble (19) is popped out from one group of upper angle limiting holes (20) to lock the inclination angle of the corresponding upper rotor wing (10), each upper inclination angle adjusting marble (19) pops out of different groups of upper angle limiting holes (20) to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle of the corresponding upper rotor wing (10); the upper disc (8) is provided with a plurality of upper connecting holes (21) which correspond to the upper rotor wing adjusting rings (18) one by one at positions close to the edge, each upper rotor wing adjusting ring (18) is rotatably connected with the upper disc (8) through the corresponding upper connecting hole (21), each upper rotor wing adjusting ring (18) is provided with an upper rotor wing fixing hole (22), the upper disc (8) is provided with a plurality of upper rotor wing fixing marbles (23) which correspond to the upper rotor wing fixing holes (22) one by one, and each upper rotor wing fixing marble (23) is popped out from the corresponding upper rotor wing fixing hole (22) to lock the opening state of the corresponding upper rotor wing (10); each lower connecting piece (15) comprises a lower inclination angle adjusting rod (24), a lower angle limiting cylinder (25) and a lower rotor adjusting ring (26); wherein a lower inclination angle adjusting rod (24) in each lower connecting piece (15) is fixedly connected with the corresponding lower rotor (11), a lower inclination angle limiting cylinder (25) in each lower connecting piece (15) is fixedly connected with a lower rotor adjusting ring (26), a plurality of lower inclination angle adjusting marbles (27) arranged along the extending direction of the lower inclination angle adjusting rod (24) are arranged on the surface of the lower inclination angle adjusting rod (24), a plurality of groups of lower inclination angle limiting holes (28) arranged along the circumferential direction of the lower inclination angle limiting cylinder (25) are arranged on the lower inclination angle limiting cylinder (25), each group of lower inclination angle limiting holes (28) correspond to each lower inclination angle adjusting marble (27) one by one, the lower inclination angle adjusting rod (24) is inserted into the lower inclination angle limiting cylinder (25), and each lower inclination angle adjusting marble (27) is popped out from one group of lower inclination angle limiting holes (28) to lock the inclination angle of the corresponding lower rotor (11), each downward inclination angle adjusting marble (27) is popped out from different groups of downward inclination angle limiting holes (28) to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle of the corresponding lower rotor wing (11); the lower disk (9) is provided with a plurality of lower connecting holes (29) which correspond to the lower rotor wing adjusting rings (26) one by one at positions close to the edge, each lower rotor wing adjusting ring (26) is rotatably connected with the lower disk (9) through the corresponding lower connecting hole (29), each lower rotor wing adjusting ring (26) is provided with a lower rotor wing fixing hole (30), the lower disk (9) is provided with a plurality of lower rotor wing fixing marbles (31) which correspond to the lower rotor wing fixing holes (30) one by one, and each lower rotor wing fixing marble (31) is popped out from the corresponding lower rotor wing fixing hole (30) to lock the opening state of the corresponding lower rotor wing (11);

the rotor restraint system (3) comprises: the restraint device comprises a restraint ring (32), a restraint rod (33), a restraint frame (34) fixedly connecting the restraint ring (32) with the top of the restraint rod (33), a straight tooth (35) fixedly connected with the bottom of the restraint rod (33), a gear (36) meshed with the straight tooth (35), a stepping motor (37) fixedly connected with the gear (36), and a restraint controller (38) electrically connected with the stepping motor (37); part of the restraint rods (33) are inserted into the upper support rod (6), the restraint rings (32), the restraint frames (34) and the restraint rods (33) are exposed out of the upper support rod (6), the straight teeth (35), the gears (36), the stepping motors (37) and the restraint controllers (38) are positioned in the upper support rod (6), and the outer walls of the restraint controllers (38) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper support rod (6); the restraint controller (38) is used for controlling the stepping motor (37) to rotate under the control of the sensing main control system (4) to drive the gear (36) to rotate, and the restraint ring (32) is driven to move in the direction away from or close to the rotor system (2) through the meshing transmission of the gear (36) and the straight teeth (35), so that the upper rotors (10) and the lower rotors (11) are opened or the closed states of the upper rotors (10) and the lower rotors (11) are locked;

sensing major control system (4), with the bottom fixed connection of lower branch (7) includes: the sensor and the microcontroller are electrically connected; the sensor is used for acquiring position information of the sonde in real time, acquiring temperature information, humidity information, wind power information and air pressure information in real time after the sonde is determined to reach a preset height, and sending the temperature information, the humidity information, the wind power information and the air pressure information to the microcontroller; the microcontroller is used for sending a control signal to the restraint controller (38) after the sonde reaches a preset height, controlling the stepping motor (37) to rotate through the restraint controller (38) to drive the gear (36) to rotate, driving the restraint ring (32) to move in a direction far away from the rotor system (2) through meshing transmission of the gear (36) and the straight teeth (35), opening each upper rotor (10) and each lower rotor (11), and sending received temperature information, humidity information, wind power information and air pressure information to the ground;

the electrical damping system (5) comprising: the direct current motor (39) is positioned in the lower support rod (7), and the analog resistor is connected into a coil of the direct current motor (39); the rotating shaft of the direct current motor (39) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper support rod (6) through a connector (40), and the outer wall of the direct current motor (39) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower support rod (7); the control end of the analog resistor is electrically connected with the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is used for controlling the descending speed of the sonde by controlling the resistance value of the analog resistor.

2. The dropsonde of claim 1, wherein the angle of inclination of the upper rotors (10) is the same.

3. The dropsonde of claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the lower rotors (11) is the same.

4. The dropsonde of claim 1, wherein the containment frame (34) and the containment ring (32) together define a spherical cap structure.

5. The dropsonde of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the housing of the main sensor control system (4) is bullet-shaped.

Technical Field

The invention relates to meteorological parameters in an air information system, in particular to the technical field of measurement of extreme meteorological parameters such as typhoon and the like, and particularly relates to a drop-in sonde with a dandelion-like structure.

Background

Typhoon is a catastrophic weather system with strong destructive power, and the number of typhoons generated in the world is more than 60 per year on average, and 7.6 typhoons are generated when people land in China per year. Typhoon is a deep low-pressure system with very low central pressure, and the lower layer has significant gas flow converging toward the center, and the top gas flow diffuses outward. The typhoon has a complex structure and is divided into three areas from the center to the outside: typhoon eye area, cloud wall area and spiral rain area. The typhoon is accompanied with strong convection weather when crossing, and the harm is huge, therefore, each parameter of real time monitoring typhoon masters typhoon grade, scale, development condition and motion path, can evaluate the typhoon rationally, makes precaution work in advance, reduces the loss as far as possible.

The sonde is an instrument for measuring physical parameters of different heights of the atmosphere according to the vertical distribution rule of the physical parameters. The existing dropsonde generally adopts an air bag structure, helium is filled in the air bag structure, and the existing dropsonde is suitable for working in relatively stable weather. Because the typhoon has a severe internal environment and extremely strong wind speed, contains various cloud water ice crystal particles and has great destructive power, the air bag structure of the existing drop-type sonde is extremely easy to damage, the sonde can not reach the preset dead time, manpower and material resources are wasted, and the preparation work of disaster prevention is delayed because the typhoon direction can not be obtained in time.

In the existing drop-down sonde, a film of an air bag structure is made of polyethylene, the reliability of the sonde is generally enhanced by increasing the thickness of the polyethylene film, and even then, the existing drop-down sonde is not suitable for typhoon detection. Therefore, how to provide the dropsonde which is not easy to damage in typhoon has very important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides a drop-type sonde with a dandelion-like structure, which is not easy to be damaged in typhoon.

Therefore, the invention provides a lower-throwing type sonde imitating a dandelion structure, which comprises: the system comprises a support system (1), a rotor wing system (2), a rotor wing constraint system (3), a sensing main control system (4) and an electric damping system (5); wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the support system (1) comprises: the device comprises a hollow upper support rod (6), a hollow lower support rod (7), an upper disc (8) fixedly connected with the top of the upper support rod (6), and a lower disc (9) fixedly connected with the top of the lower support rod (7); wherein, part of the upper support rod (6) is inserted into the lower support rod (7), and the upper part of the upper disc (8) and the upper support rod (6) is exposed out of the lower support rod (7);

the rotor system (2) comprises: a plurality of upper rotors (10), a plurality of lower rotors (11), a plurality of upper springs (12) corresponding to the upper rotors (10) one by one, a plurality of lower springs (13) corresponding to the lower rotors (11) one by one, a plurality of upper connectors (14) corresponding to the upper rotors (10) one by one, and a plurality of lower connectors (15) corresponding to the lower rotors (11) one by one; wherein the tilt direction of each upper rotor (10) is opposite to the tilt direction of each lower rotor (11); one end of each upper spring (12) is fixedly connected with the corresponding upper rotary wing (10), and the other end of each upper spring is fixedly connected with the upper support rod (6); one end of each lower spring (13) is fixedly connected with the corresponding lower rotary wing (11), and the other end of each lower spring is fixedly connected with the lower support rod (7); each upper connecting piece (14) comprises an upper inclination angle adjusting rod (16), an upper angle limiting cylinder (17) and an upper rotary wing adjusting ring (18); wherein an upper inclination angle adjusting rod (16) in each upper connecting piece (14) is fixedly connected with the corresponding upper rotor wing (10), an upper inclination angle limiting cylinder (17) in each upper connecting piece (14) is fixedly connected with an upper rotor wing adjusting ring (18), a plurality of upper inclination angle adjusting marbles (19) which are arranged along the extending direction of the upper inclination angle adjusting rod (16) are arranged on the surface of the upper inclination angle adjusting rod (16), the upper angle limiting cylinder (17) is provided with a plurality of groups of upper inclination angle limiting holes (20) which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the upper angle limiting cylinder (17), each group of upper angle limiting holes (20) are in one-to-one correspondence with each upper inclination angle adjusting marble (19), the upper inclination angle adjusting rod (16) is inserted into the upper angle limiting cylinder (17), each upper inclination angle adjusting marble (19) is popped out from one group of upper angle limiting holes (20) to lock the inclination angle of the corresponding upper rotor wing (10), each upper inclination angle adjusting marble (19) pops out of different groups of upper angle limiting holes (20) to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle of the corresponding upper rotor wing (10); the upper disc (8) is provided with a plurality of upper connecting holes (21) which correspond to the upper rotor wing adjusting rings (18) one by one at positions close to the edge, each upper rotor wing adjusting ring (18) is rotatably connected with the upper disc (8) through the corresponding upper connecting hole (21), each upper rotor wing adjusting ring (18) is provided with an upper rotor wing fixing hole (22), the upper disc (8) is provided with a plurality of upper rotor wing fixing marbles (23) which correspond to the upper rotor wing fixing holes (22) one by one, and each upper rotor wing fixing marble (23) is popped out from the corresponding upper rotor wing fixing hole (22) to lock the opening state of the corresponding upper rotor wing (10); each lower connecting piece (15) comprises a lower inclination angle adjusting rod (24), a lower angle limiting cylinder (25) and a lower rotor adjusting ring (26); wherein a lower inclination angle adjusting rod (24) in each lower connecting piece (15) is fixedly connected with the corresponding lower rotor (11), a lower inclination angle limiting cylinder (25) in each lower connecting piece (15) is fixedly connected with a lower rotor adjusting ring (26), a plurality of lower inclination angle adjusting marbles (27) arranged along the extending direction of the lower inclination angle adjusting rod (24) are arranged on the surface of the lower inclination angle adjusting rod (24), a plurality of groups of lower inclination angle limiting holes (28) arranged along the circumferential direction of the lower inclination angle limiting cylinder (25) are arranged on the lower inclination angle limiting cylinder (25), each group of lower inclination angle limiting holes (28) correspond to each lower inclination angle adjusting marble (27) one by one, the lower inclination angle adjusting rod (24) is inserted into the lower inclination angle limiting cylinder (25), and each lower inclination angle adjusting marble (27) is popped out from one group of lower inclination angle limiting holes (28) to lock the inclination angle of the corresponding lower rotor (11), each downward inclination angle adjusting marble (27) is popped out from different groups of downward inclination angle limiting holes (28) to realize the adjustment of the inclination angle of the corresponding lower rotor wing (11); the lower disk (9) is provided with a plurality of lower connecting holes (29) which correspond to the lower rotor wing adjusting rings (26) one by one at positions close to the edge, each lower rotor wing adjusting ring (26) is rotatably connected with the lower disk (9) through the corresponding lower connecting hole (29), each lower rotor wing adjusting ring (26) is provided with a lower rotor wing fixing hole (30), the lower disk (9) is provided with a plurality of lower rotor wing fixing marbles (31) which correspond to the lower rotor wing fixing holes (30) one by one, and each lower rotor wing fixing marble (31) is popped out from the corresponding lower rotor wing fixing hole (30) to lock the opening state of the corresponding lower rotor wing (11);

the rotor restraint system (3) comprises: the restraint device comprises a restraint ring (32), a restraint rod (33), a restraint frame (34) fixedly connecting the restraint ring (32) with the top of the restraint rod (33), a straight tooth (35) fixedly connected with the bottom of the restraint rod (33), a gear (36) meshed with the straight tooth (35), a stepping motor (37) fixedly connected with the gear (36), and a restraint controller (38) electrically connected with the stepping motor (37); part of the restraint rods (33) are inserted into the upper support rod (6), the restraint rings (32), the restraint frames (34) and the restraint rods (33) are exposed out of the upper support rod (6), the straight teeth (35), the gears (36), the stepping motors (37) and the restraint controllers (38) are positioned in the upper support rod (6), and the outer walls of the restraint controllers (38) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper support rod (6); the restraint controller (38) is used for controlling the stepping motor (37) to rotate under the control of the sensing main control system (4) to drive the gear (36) to rotate, and the restraint ring (32) is driven to move in the direction away from or close to the rotor system (2) through the meshing transmission of the gear (36) and the straight teeth (35), so that the upper rotors (10) and the lower rotors (11) are opened or the closed states of the upper rotors (10) and the lower rotors (11) are locked;

sensing major control system (4), with the bottom fixed connection of lower branch (7) includes: the sensor and the microcontroller are electrically connected; the sensor is used for acquiring position information of the sonde in real time, acquiring temperature information, humidity information, wind power information and air pressure information in real time after the sonde is determined to reach a preset height, and sending the temperature information, the humidity information, the wind power information and the air pressure information to the microcontroller; the microcontroller is used for sending a control signal to the restraint controller (38) after the sonde reaches a preset height, controlling the stepping motor (37) to rotate through the restraint controller (38) to drive the gear (36) to rotate, driving the restraint ring (32) to move in a direction far away from the rotor system (2) through meshing transmission of the gear (36) and the straight teeth (35), opening each upper rotor (10) and each lower rotor (11), and sending received temperature information, humidity information, wind power information and air pressure information to the ground;

the electrical damping system (5) comprising: the direct current motor (39) is positioned in the lower support rod (7), and the analog resistor is connected into a coil of the direct current motor (39); the rotating shaft of the direct current motor (39) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper support rod (6) through a connector (40), and the outer wall of the direct current motor (39) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower support rod (7); the control end of the analog resistor is electrically connected with the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is used for controlling the descending speed of the sonde by controlling the resistance value of the analog resistor.

In a possible implementation manner, in the dropsonde provided by the invention, the inclination angles of the upper rotors (10) are the same.

In a possible implementation manner, in the dropsonde provided by the invention, the inclination angles of the lower rotors (11) are the same.

In a possible implementation manner, in the above-mentioned dropsonde provided by the present invention, the restraining frame (34) and the restraining ring (32) together enclose a spherical cap structure.

In a possible implementation manner, in the above-mentioned dropsonde provided by the present invention, the shell of the sensing main control system (4) is bullet-shaped.

According to the lower-throwing type sonde provided by the invention, the structure of the dandelion is adopted, the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing of the sonde are not easy to damage under the severe environment such as typhoon, and the normal use of the sonde can be ensured even if a small number of rotor wings are damaged, so that the lower-throwing type sonde can be suitable for detecting severe weather such as typhoon; the sounding instrument is ejected to a preset height in a closed state of the upper rotor and the lower rotor, the body of the sounding instrument can fly linearly more easily when the upper rotor and the lower rotor are closed in the launching process, the upper rotor and the lower rotor can be automatically opened after the sounding instrument reaches the preset height and then slowly fall down, an upper-layer rotor structure and a lower-layer rotor structure are adopted, the inclination directions of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are opposite, air flows in opposite directions are generated by the upper rotor and the lower rotor under the action of the external environment, the rotation directions of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are opposite, and therefore air resistance can be enhanced, and the sounding instrument can obtain longer dead time; in addition, the descending speed of the sonde can be controlled by adjusting the inclination angles of the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing, so that the sonde can obtain ideal dead time; in addition, the microcontroller can be used for adjusting the resistance value of the analog resistor, changing the relative torque moment received by the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing when the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing rotate, and changing the relative rotating speed of the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing, so that the descending speed of the sonde is controlled, and the sonde obtains ideal dead time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dandelion structure-imitated dropsonde in an open state of a rotor system according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric damping system in a drop sonde with a dandelion-like structure according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dandelion structure-imitated dropsonde in a closed state of a rotor system according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper connecting piece of the drop-in sonde with the dandelion-like structure in a disassembled state, according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a drop sonde with a dandelion-like structure according to the present invention, in which the upper connecting member is connected;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a lower connecting piece of a drop sonde with a dandelion-like structure according to the present invention in a disassembled state;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a lower connecting piece in a drop-type sonde with a dandelion-like structure according to the present invention in a connection state;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a restraint system in a drop-feed sonde with a dandelion-like structure provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The invention provides a lower-throwing sonde with a simulated dandelion structure, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising: the system comprises a support system 1, a rotor system 2, a rotor constraint system 3, a sensing master control system 4 and an electric damping system 5; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the support system 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, comprises: the device comprises a hollow upper support rod 6, a hollow lower support rod 7, an upper disc 8 fixedly connected with the top of the upper support rod 6, and a lower disc 9 fixedly connected with the top of the lower support rod 7; wherein, part of the upper supporting rod 6 is inserted into the lower supporting rod 7, and the upper disc 8 and the upper part of the upper supporting rod 6 are exposed out of the lower supporting rod 7;

rotor system 2, as shown in fig. 1, 4-7, comprises: a plurality of upper rotary wings 10, a plurality of lower rotary wings 11, a plurality of upper springs 12 corresponding to the respective upper rotary wings 10 one to one, a plurality of lower springs 13 corresponding to the respective lower rotary wings 11 one to one, a plurality of upper connection members 14 corresponding to the respective upper rotary wings 10 one to one, and a plurality of lower connection members 15 corresponding to the respective lower rotary wings 11 one to one; as shown in fig. 1, the tilt direction of each upper rotor 10 is opposite to the tilt direction of each lower rotor 11; one end of each upper spring 12 is fixedly connected with the corresponding upper rotary wing 10, and the other end is fixedly connected with the upper support rod 6; one end of each lower spring 13 is fixedly connected with the corresponding lower rotary wing 11, and the other end is fixedly connected with the lower support rod 7; as shown in fig. 4, each upper connecting member 14 includes an upper tilt angle adjusting lever 16, an upper angle limiting cylinder 17 and an upper rotary wing adjusting ring 18; wherein, an upper inclination angle adjusting rod 16 in each upper connecting piece 14 is fixedly connected with the corresponding upper rotary wing 10, an upper inclination angle limiting cylinder 17 in each upper connecting piece 14 is fixedly connected with an upper rotary wing adjusting ring 18, the surface of the upper inclination angle adjusting rod 16 is provided with a plurality of upper inclination angle adjusting marbles 19 which are arranged along the extending direction of the upper inclination angle adjusting rod 16, the upper inclination angle limiting cylinder 17 is provided with a plurality of groups of upper inclination angle limiting holes 20 which are arranged along the circumferential direction of the upper inclination angle adjusting cylinder 17, each group of upper inclination angle limiting holes 20 is in one-to-one correspondence with each upper inclination angle adjusting marbles 19, as shown in fig. 5, the upward-inclination-angle adjusting rod 16 is inserted into the upward-inclination-angle limiting cylinder 17, each upward-inclination-angle adjusting pin 19 is ejected from one group of upward-inclination-angle limiting holes 20 to lock the inclination angle of the corresponding upper rotor 10, and each upward-inclination-angle adjusting pin 19 is ejected from different groups of upward-inclination-angle limiting holes 20 to adjust the inclination angle of the corresponding upper rotor 10; the upper disc 8 is provided with a plurality of upper connecting holes 21 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the upper rotary wing adjusting rings 18 at the position close to the edge, each upper rotary wing adjusting ring 18 is rotatably connected with the upper disc 8 through the corresponding upper connecting hole 21, each upper rotary wing adjusting ring 18 is provided with an upper rotor wing fixing hole 22, the upper disc 8 is provided with a plurality of upper rotary wing fixing marbles 23 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the upper rotary wing fixing holes 22, and each upper rotary wing fixing marble 23 is popped out from the corresponding upper rotary wing fixing hole 22 to realize the locking of the opening state of the corresponding upper rotary wing 10; as shown in fig. 6, each lower connecting member 15 includes a lower inclination adjusting lever 24, a lower inclination limiting cylinder 25 and a lower rotor adjusting ring 26; wherein, the lower inclination angle adjusting rod 24 in each lower connecting piece 15 is fixedly connected with the corresponding lower rotary wing 11, the lower inclination angle limiting cylinder 25 in each lower connecting piece 15 is fixedly connected with the lower rotary wing adjusting ring 26, the surface of the lower inclination angle adjusting rod 24 is provided with a plurality of lower inclination angle adjusting marbles 27 arranged along the extending direction of the lower inclination angle adjusting rod 24, the lower inclination angle limiting cylinder 25 is provided with a plurality of groups of lower inclination angle limiting holes 28 arranged along the circumferential direction of the lower inclination angle limiting cylinder 25, each group of lower inclination angle limiting holes 28 is in one-to-one correspondence with each lower inclination angle adjusting marble 27, as shown in fig. 7, the lower inclination angle adjustment rod 24 is inserted into the lower angle limiting cylinder 25, each lower inclination angle adjustment pin 27 is ejected from one group of lower inclination limiting holes 28 to lock the inclination angle of the corresponding lower rotary wing 11, and each lower inclination angle adjustment pin 27 is ejected from different groups of lower inclination limiting holes 28 to adjust the inclination angle of the corresponding lower rotary wing 11; the position of the lower disc 9 close to the edge is provided with a plurality of lower connecting holes 29 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the lower rotor adjusting rings 26, each lower rotor adjusting ring 26 is rotatably connected with the lower disc 9 through the corresponding lower connecting hole 29, each lower rotor adjusting ring 26 is provided with a lower rotor fixing hole 30, the lower disc 9 is provided with a plurality of lower rotor fixing marbles 31 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the lower rotor fixing holes 30, and each lower rotor fixing marble 31 is popped out from the corresponding lower rotor fixing hole 30 to realize the locking of the opening state of the corresponding lower rotor 11;

rotor restraint system 3, as shown in fig. 8, comprises: the restraint device comprises a restraint ring 32, a restraint rod 33, a restraint frame 34 fixedly connecting the restraint ring 32 and the top of the restraint rod 33, a straight tooth 35 fixedly connected with the bottom of the restraint rod 33, a gear 36 meshed with the straight tooth 35, a stepping motor 37 fixedly connected with the gear 36 and a restraint controller 38 electrically connected with the stepping motor 37; wherein, part of the restraint rod 33 is inserted into the upper support rod 6, the restraint ring 32, the restraint frame 34 and the upper part of the restraint rod 33 are exposed out of the upper support rod 6, the straight tooth 35, the gear 36, the stepping motor 37 and the restraint controller 38 are positioned in the upper support rod 6, and the outer wall of the restraint controller 38 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper support rod 6; the constraint controller 38 is used for controlling the stepping motor 37 to rotate under the control of the sensing main control system 4, driving the gear 36 to rotate, driving the constraint ring 32 to move in a direction away from or close to the rotor system 2 through the meshing transmission of the gear 36 and the straight teeth 35, and opening each upper rotor 10 and each lower rotor 11 or locking the closed state of each upper rotor 10 and each lower rotor 11; as shown in fig. 3, the restriction ring 32 locks the closed state of each upper rotary wing 10 and each lower rotary wing 11;

as shown in fig. 1, the sensing main control system 4, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower support rod 7, includes: the sensor and the microcontroller are electrically connected; the sensor is used for acquiring position information of the sonde in real time, acquiring temperature information, humidity information, wind power information and air pressure information in real time after the sonde reaches a preset height and sending the temperature information, the humidity information, the wind power information and the air pressure information to the microcontroller; the microcontroller is used for sending a control signal to the constraint controller 38 after the sonde reaches a preset height, controlling the stepping motor 37 to rotate through the constraint controller 38 to drive the gear 36 to rotate, driving the constraint ring 32 to move in the direction away from the rotor system 2 through the meshing transmission of the gear 36 and the straight teeth 35, opening each upper rotor wing 10 and each lower rotor wing 11, and sending the received temperature information, humidity information, wind power information and air pressure information to the ground;

the electrical damping system 5, as shown in fig. 2, comprises: a DC motor 39 positioned in the lower support rod 7, and an analog resistor connected into a coil of the DC motor 39; wherein, the rotating shaft of the direct current motor 39 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the upper support rod 6 through a connector 40, and the outer wall of the direct current motor 39 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower support rod 7; the control end of the analog resistor is electrically connected with the microcontroller, and the microcontroller is used for controlling the descending speed of the sonde by controlling the resistance of the analog resistor.

The working principle of the dropsonde provided by the present invention is explained in detail below. Artificially closing the upper rotary wings 10 and the lower rotary wings 11, namely artificially restricting the upper rotary wings 10 and the lower rotary wings 11 to be parallel to the upper support rods 6 and the lower support rods 7, wherein the upper springs 12 and the lower springs 13 are in a stretching state, the microcontroller controls the stepping motor 37 to rotate to drive the gear 36 to rotate, and drives the restriction ring 32 to move towards the direction close to the rotary wing system 2 through the meshing transmission of the gear 36 and the straight teeth 35, so as to realize the locking of the closing state of the upper rotary wings 10 and the lower rotary wings 11, as shown in fig. 3; when each upper rotor wing 10 and each lower rotor wing 11 are in a closed state, the sonde is launched to a preset height, the microcontroller controls and controls the stepping motor 37 to rotate to drive the gear 36 to rotate, the restraint ring 32 is driven to move in a direction away from the rotor wing system 2 through the meshing transmission of the gear 36 and the straight teeth 35, each upper rotor wing 10 and each lower rotor wing 11 are separated from the restraint ring 32 and are opened under the tensile force action of the corresponding upper spring 12 and the corresponding lower spring 13, namely, each upper rotor wing 10 and each lower rotor wing 11 are in a state of being vertical to the upper support 6 and the lower support 7, and the locking of the opened state of each upper rotor wing 10 and each lower rotor wing 11 is realized through the matching of the upper rotor wing fixing marble 23 and the upper rotor wing fixing hole 22 and the matching of the lower rotor wing fixing marble 31 and the lower rotor wing fixing hole 30, as shown in fig. 1; when the upper rotary wings 10 and the lower rotary wings 11 are opened, the sonde keeps the fuselage falling vertically, because the inclined directions of the upper rotary wings 10 and the lower rotary wings 11 are opposite, the upper rotary wings 10 and the lower rotary wings 11 generate air flows with opposite directions under the action of the external environment, and the rotating directions of the upper rotary wings 10 and the lower rotary wings 11 are opposite, so that the air resistance can be enhanced, and the sonde can obtain longer dead time, and the inclined angles of the upper rotary wings 10 and the lower rotary wings 11 can be controlled by matching the upper inclined angle adjusting marbles 19 with the upper angle limiting holes 20 and matching the lower inclined angle adjusting marbles 27 with the lower angle limiting holes 28, so that the sonde can obtain ideal dead time. In addition, the microcontroller can be used for adjusting the resistance value of the analog resistor, so that the relative torsional moment applied to each upper rotor wing 10 and each lower rotor wing 11 during rotation is changed, the relative rotation speed of each upper rotor wing 10 and each lower rotor wing 11 is changed, the descending speed of the sonde is controlled, and the sonde obtains ideal dead time.

According to the lower-throwing type sonde provided by the invention, the structure of the dandelion is adopted, the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing of the sonde are not easy to damage under the severe environment such as typhoon, and the normal use of the sonde can be ensured even if a small number of rotor wings are damaged, so that the lower-throwing type sonde can be suitable for detecting severe weather such as typhoon; the sounding instrument is ejected to a preset height in a closed state of the upper rotor and the lower rotor, the body of the sounding instrument can fly linearly more easily when the upper rotor and the lower rotor are closed in the launching process, the upper rotor and the lower rotor can be automatically opened after the sounding instrument reaches the preset height and then slowly fall down, an upper-layer rotor structure and a lower-layer rotor structure are adopted, the inclination directions of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are opposite, air flows in opposite directions are generated by the upper rotor and the lower rotor under the action of the external environment, the rotation directions of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are opposite, and therefore air resistance can be enhanced, and the sounding instrument can obtain longer dead time; in addition, the descending speed of the sonde can be controlled by adjusting the inclination angles of the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing, so that the sonde can obtain ideal dead time; in addition, the microcontroller can be used for adjusting the resistance value of the analog resistor, changing the relative torque moment received by the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing when the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing rotate, and changing the relative rotating speed of the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing, so that the descending speed of the sonde is controlled, and the sonde obtains ideal dead time.

Preferably, in the dropsonde provided by the present invention, the sensor in the sensing main control system can be manufactured by an MEMS process, so that the manufactured sensor has the advantages of small volume, light weight, and the like, and satisfies the structural design of the sonde, and can detect four physical parameters of temperature, humidity, wind power, and air pressure. In particular, the real-time acquisition of the sonde position information by the sensor can be realized by GPS.

Preferably, in order to make the descending state of the sonde more stable, in the above-mentioned dropsonde provided by the present invention, the inclination angles of the upper rotors may be set to be the same.

Similarly, in order to make the descending state of the sonde more stable, in the above-mentioned dropsonde provided by the present invention, the inclination angles of the lower rotors may be set to be the same.

In specific implementation, in the above dropsonde provided by the present invention, the specific shape of the restraint frame may be designed as follows: as shown in fig. 8, the restraining frame 34 and the restraining ring 32 together form a spherical cap structure, and the shape of the restraining frame 34 is designed to facilitate the fixed connection between the restraining ring 32 and the restraining bar 33, and not to prevent the restraining ring 32 from restraining the upper and lower rotors.

Preferably, in the above-mentioned lower-dropping type sonde provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the shell of the main sensing control system 4 may be made into a bullet shape, so that the whole body of the sonde is approximately streamlined in the closed state of the upper and lower rotor wings, the flight resistance of the sonde can be reduced during launching, the kinetic energy loss of the sonde can be reduced, and the predetermined height which cannot be reached by the aerostat can be reached without using a carrier such as an aircraft and a meteorological rocket.

According to the lower-throwing type sonde provided by the invention, the structure of the dandelion is adopted, the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing of the sonde are not easy to damage under the severe environment such as typhoon, and the normal use of the sonde can be ensured even if a small number of rotor wings are damaged, so that the lower-throwing type sonde can be suitable for detecting severe weather such as typhoon; the sounding instrument is ejected to a preset height in a closed state of the upper rotor and the lower rotor, the body of the sounding instrument can fly linearly more easily when the upper rotor and the lower rotor are closed in the launching process, the upper rotor and the lower rotor can be automatically opened after the sounding instrument reaches the preset height and then slowly fall down, an upper-layer rotor structure and a lower-layer rotor structure are adopted, the inclination directions of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are opposite, air flows in opposite directions are generated by the upper rotor and the lower rotor under the action of the external environment, the rotation directions of the upper rotor and the lower rotor are opposite, and therefore air resistance can be enhanced, and the sounding instrument can obtain longer dead time; in addition, the descending speed of the sonde can be controlled by adjusting the inclination angles of the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing, so that the sonde can obtain ideal dead time; in addition, the microcontroller can be used for adjusting the resistance value of the analog resistor, changing the relative torque moment received by the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing when the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing rotate, and changing the relative rotating speed of the upper rotor wing and the lower rotor wing, so that the descending speed of the sonde is controlled, and the sonde obtains ideal dead time.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.