阅读说明：本技术 一种直升压自变励开关磁阻发电机变流系统 (Direct-voltage-boosting self-excitation-changing switched reluctance generator current transformation system ) 是由 孙冠群 邬舒宁 浪潮 于 2019-10-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种直升压自变励开关磁阻发电机变流系统,由九个开关管、三相绕组、七个电容器、十二个二极管、两个变压器、两个电感组成,使用最少的开关管数量,解决了开关磁阻发电机各相绕组励磁和发电的同时在满足一定条件下实现不同的高电压输出的问题,发电结束主动断流,效率高,器件利用率高。变励磁电压结构下可实现连续调节励磁电压以及在满足一定条件下实现不同的励磁电压区间输出,第二变压器起到隔离、变压、保护励磁电能稳定的综合作用,变励磁回路输入端电流连续,对发电输出端干扰小,兼顾强化励磁功能,整个系统利用率高、可靠性高、损耗低、成本低,灵活性适应性强：适用于各类动力驱动下的高速开关磁阻发电机系统领域应用。(A converter system of a direct-voltage boosting self-excitation switch reluctance generator is composed of nine switch tubes, three-phase windings, seven capacitors, twelve diodes, two transformers and two inductors, the minimum number of the switch tubes is used, the problem that different high-voltage outputs are achieved under the condition that the switch reluctance generator meets certain conditions when each phase of the windings of the switch reluctance generator is excited and generates electricity is solved, active cutoff is achieved after electricity generation is finished, efficiency is high, and utilization rate of devices is high. The variable excitation voltage structure can realize continuous adjustment of excitation voltage and different excitation voltage interval outputs under the condition of meeting a certain requirement, the second transformer plays the comprehensive role of isolation, transformation and protection of excitation electric energy stability, the variable excitation loop input end current is continuous, the interference to the power generation output end is small, the excitation strengthening function is considered, the whole system is high in utilization rate, high in reliability, low in loss, low in cost and strong in flexibility adaptability: the method is suitable for the field of high-speed switched reluctance generator systems under various power drives.)

1. A direct-boosting self-excitation switch reluctance generator current transformation system is characterized by comprising: a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, a sixth switch tube, a seventh switch tube, an eighth switch tube, a ninth switch tube, a first phase winding, a second phase winding, a third phase winding, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a sixth diode, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a twelfth diode, an eleventh diode, a twelfth diode, a first transformer, a second transformer, a first inductor, a second inductor, a cathode of the first switch tube is connected with one end of the first phase winding, a cathode of the second switch tube is connected with one end of the second phase winding, and a cathode of the third switch tube is connected with one end of the third phase winding, the other end of the first phase winding is connected with the other end of the second phase winding, the other end of the third phase winding, the anode of the fourth switching tube, one end of the first capacitor and the anode of the first diode, the other end of the first capacitor is connected with one end of the primary side winding and one end of the secondary side winding of the first transformer and the anode of the second diode, the other end of the primary side winding of the first transformer is connected with the cathode of the first diode and one end of the second capacitor, the other end of the secondary side winding of the first transformer is connected with one end of the fourth capacitor, the cathode of the second diode is connected with one end of the third capacitor and the anode of the third diode, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the other end of the fourth capacitor and the anode of the fourth diode, the cathode of the fourth diode is connected with one end of the fifth capacitor and, A third switch tube anode, one end of the seventh capacitor, a twelfth diode cathode, a fourth switch tube cathode connected to the other end of the second capacitor, the other end of the third capacitor, the other end of the fifth capacitor, the other end of the seventh capacitor, the sixth switch tube cathode, the eighth switch tube cathode, the ninth switch tube cathode, one end of the sixth capacitor, the ninth diode anode, and the eleventh diode anode, a first inductor other end connected to the fifth diode anode, the sixth diode anode, and the seventh diode anode, a fifth diode cathode connected to the other end of the sixth capacitor, the fifth switch tube anode, and the seventh switch tube anode, a sixth diode cathode connected to the fifth switch tube cathode, the sixth switch tube anode, and one end of the secondary winding of the second transformer, a seventh diode cathode connected to the seventh switch tube cathode, The other end of the secondary side winding of the second transformer is connected with the cathode of an eleventh diode and the anode of a twelfth diode, and the cathode of the eighth diode is connected with the cathode of the twelfth diode, the anode of the twelfth diode and the anode of a ninth switching tube;

two ends of the fifth capacitor are power generation output ends; the two ends of the seventh capacitor are the output ends of the excitation power supply; the fifth switch tube, the sixth switch tube, the seventh switch tube, the eighth switch tube and the ninth switch tube are all full-control power electronic switch devices with anti-parallel diodes.

2. The control method of the direct-voltage-boosting self-variable-excitation switched reluctance generator current conversion system according to claim 1, wherein when the switched reluctance generator is in operation, according to the rotor position information, when the first phase winding needs to be put into operation, the first switching tube and the fourth switching tube are closed, and an excitation stage is started; disconnecting the fourth switching tube according to the end of the rotor position information excitation stage, and entering a power generation stage; when the power generation stage is finished according to the rotor position information, the first switching tube is disconnected, and the first phase winding is finished;

according to the rotor position information, when a second phase winding and a third phase winding need to be put into operation, except that a second switching tube and a third switching tube correspond to a first switching tube, the operation control mode is the same as that of the first phase winding;

in order to obtain the excitation voltage required by the system, the fifth switching tube, the sixth switching tube, the seventh switching tube, the eighth switching tube and the ninth switching tube work according to a PWM mode, and the specific work control method comprises the following steps:

the fifth switching tube and the sixth switching tube are complementary switches, namely when one switching tube is closed, the other switching tube is opened, the seventh switching tube and the eighth switching tube are complementary switches, the PWM duty ratios of the fifth switching tube and the seventh switching tube are both greater than 0.5 and equal to each other, the PWM duty ratios of the sixth switching tube and the eighth switching tube are both less than 0.5 and equal to each other, and the phase difference of the fifth switching tube and the seventh switching tube and the phase difference of the sixth switching tube and the eighth switching tube are both half of one PWM cycle, namely 180 degrees; the ninth switching tube is synchronous with the sixth switching tube and the eighth switching tube, namely the ninth switching tube is closed when the sixth switching tube is closed, the ninth switching tube is also closed when the eighth switching tube is closed, and the ninth switching tube is disconnected in other time; based on the control method, namely under the constraint condition, the output voltage of the excitation power supply, namely the excitation voltage value, can be changed by adjusting the PWM duty ratios of the fifth switching tube, the sixth switching tube, the seventh switching tube, the eighth switching tube and the ninth switching tube.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of switched reluctance motor systems, in particular to a switched reluctance generator current transformation system which can directly lift voltage, has few switching tubes and is self-excited to change excitation and a control method thereof.

Background

In the field of switched reluctance motor systems, a converter system is a core key part of stable and efficient operation of the switched reluctance motor, and in the switched reluctance motor converter system, the number of switching tubes directly determines the complexity of control, the switching loss, the switch protection capacity and the like.

As a switched reluctance generator, the electric energy end, namely, the generated voltage, generated by the switched reluctance generator in the traditional mode often cannot meet the requirement of a load side, a special voltage-lifting power electronic device is generally needed to be added for realization, the cost and the complexity of control and structure are naturally increased, the reliability is reduced, and in some fields, the requirement change range of the generated voltage is larger, or the generated voltage output of different levels is needed to better adapt to the requirement of the load side.

According to the mathematical model of the switched reluctance generator, when the switched reluctance generator operates under the working condition, the current of a phase winding in the working process must be reduced to zero when the power generation working condition is finished, otherwise, the switched reluctance generator operates under the power-driven working condition, the system performance, particularly the power generation efficiency, must be reduced.

The inventor proposes an achievable concept and an actual system of a variable-excitation-voltage switched reluctance generator variable-current control system in 2017 [ Sunpuan group and the like. 101-.

The excitation power source of the switched reluctance generator converter system is generally divided into a separate excitation mode and a self excitation mode, although the separate excitation mode is stable in power supply, the self excitation mode often needs to adopt a storage battery which is equipment requiring frequent maintenance, the reliability is also reduced, the self excitation mode does not have the problem, but the traditional self excitation mode without an isolation link often has the double problems of being interfered by a power generation output side, so that the excitation voltage is unstable, and the reverse direction causes interference to the power generation output side.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the background technology, the invention provides a switched reluctance generator current transformation system which has the least number of switching tubes for excitation power generation and direct voltage boosting, can realize wide-range excitation and power generation output by changing excitation voltage from excitation to excitation voltage, and a control method thereof, and is suitable for the application in the field of medium and small power high-speed switched reluctance generator systems under various power driving.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a direct-boosting self-excitation switch reluctance generator current transformation system is characterized by comprising: a first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a fifth switch tube, a sixth switch tube, a seventh switch tube, an eighth switch tube, a ninth switch tube, a first phase winding, a second phase winding, a third phase winding, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a sixth diode, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a twelfth diode, an eleventh diode, a twelfth diode, a first transformer, a second transformer, a first inductor, a second inductor, a cathode of the first switch tube is connected with one end of the first phase winding, a cathode of the second switch tube is connected with one end of the second phase winding, and a cathode of the third switch tube is connected with one end of the third phase winding, the other end of the first phase winding is connected with the other end of the second phase winding, the other end of the third phase winding, the anode of the fourth switching tube, one end of the first capacitor and the anode of the first diode, the other end of the first capacitor is connected with one end of the primary side winding and one end of the secondary side winding of the first transformer and the anode of the second diode, the other end of the primary side winding of the first transformer is connected with the cathode of the first diode and one end of the second capacitor, the other end of the secondary side winding of the first transformer is connected with one end of the fourth capacitor, the cathode of the second diode is connected with one end of the third capacitor and the anode of the third diode, the cathode of the third diode is connected with the other end of the fourth capacitor and the anode of the fourth diode, the cathode of the fourth diode is connected with one end of the fifth capacitor and, A third switch tube anode, one end of the seventh capacitor, a twelfth diode cathode, a fourth switch tube cathode connected to the other end of the second capacitor, the other end of the third capacitor, the other end of the fifth capacitor, the other end of the seventh capacitor, the sixth switch tube cathode, the eighth switch tube cathode, the ninth switch tube cathode, one end of the sixth capacitor, the ninth diode anode, and the eleventh diode anode, a first inductor other end connected to the fifth diode anode, the sixth diode anode, and the seventh diode anode, a fifth diode cathode connected to the other end of the sixth capacitor, the fifth switch tube anode, and the seventh switch tube anode, a sixth diode cathode connected to the fifth switch tube cathode, the sixth switch tube anode, and one end of the secondary winding of the second transformer, a seventh diode cathode connected to the seventh switch tube cathode, The other end of the secondary side winding of the second transformer is connected with the cathode of an eleventh diode and the anode of a twelfth diode, and the cathode of the eighth diode is connected with the cathode of the twelfth diode, the anode of the twelfth diode and the anode of a ninth switching tube;

two ends of the fifth capacitor are power generation output ends; the two ends of the seventh capacitor are the output ends of the excitation power supply; the fifth switch tube, the sixth switch tube, the seventh switch tube, the eighth switch tube and the ninth switch tube are all full-control power electronic switch devices with anti-parallel diodes.

A control method of a direct-boosting self-excitation switched reluctance generator current transformation system is characterized in that when a first phase winding needs to be put into operation according to rotor position information in the operation of a switched reluctance generator, a first switch tube and a fourth switch tube are closed, and an excitation stage is started; disconnecting the fourth switching tube according to the end of the rotor position information excitation stage, and entering a power generation stage; when the power generation stage is finished according to the rotor position information, the first switching tube is disconnected, and the first phase winding is finished;

according to the rotor position information, when a second phase winding and a third phase winding need to be put into operation, except that a second switching tube and a third switching tube correspond to a first switching tube, the operation control mode is the same as that of the first phase winding;

in order to obtain the excitation voltage required by the system, the fifth switching tube, the sixth switching tube, the seventh switching tube, the eighth switching tube and the ninth switching tube work according to a PWM mode, and the specific work control method comprises the following steps:

the fifth switching tube and the sixth switching tube are complementary switches, namely when one switching tube is closed, the other switching tube is opened, the seventh switching tube and the eighth switching tube are complementary switches, the PWM duty ratios of the fifth switching tube and the seventh switching tube are both greater than 0.5 and equal to each other, the PWM duty ratios of the sixth switching tube and the eighth switching tube are both less than 0.5 and equal to each other, and the phase difference of the fifth switching tube and the seventh switching tube and the phase difference of the sixth switching tube and the eighth switching tube are both half of one PWM cycle, namely 180 degrees; the ninth switching tube is synchronous with the sixth switching tube and the eighth switching tube, namely the ninth switching tube is closed when the sixth switching tube is closed, the ninth switching tube is also closed when the eighth switching tube is closed, and the ninth switching tube is disconnected in other time; based on the control method, namely under the constraint condition, the output voltage of the excitation power supply, namely the excitation voltage value, can be changed by adjusting the PWM duty ratios of the fifth switching tube, the sixth switching tube, the seventh switching tube, the eighth switching tube and the ninth switching tube.

The invention has the following main technical effects:

(1) the number of the switching tubes required in the excitation and power generation work of each phase winding is very small, only one switching tube is arranged in each phase winding except for one public switching tube (a fourth switching tube), the power generation voltage lifting output can be directly realized, and the transformation ratio of the first transformer can be adjusted in advance to adapt to the output of different power generation intervals such as ultrahigh voltage, high voltage, medium voltage and the like, so that the structure is simple, the control is simple, and the flexibility and the adaptability are strong; in addition, most devices in the excitation and power generation work are public devices, and the device utilization rate is high.

(2) In the power generation stage work of each phase winding, when the power generation stage needs to be finished according to the position information of the rotor, namely the current of the phase winding needing the work is reduced to zero, the mode of closing the switching tube connected in series with the switching tube is directly realized, and compared with the mode of naturally reducing the current by depending on a switched reluctance generator mathematical model, the reliability is higher, the condition that the current of the phase winding is not reduced to zero when the phase winding enters an electric working condition interval can not occur, and the system performance and the power generation efficiency are also improved.

(3) The structure part for adjusting the excitation voltage is carried out by taking a fifth switch tube, a sixth switch tube, a seventh switch tube, an eighth switch tube, a ninth switch tube and the like as a core, and an isolation link (a second transformer) is arranged in the middle of the structure part, so that the structure part can be adapted to a switched reluctance generator system with a larger power grade, a special isolation device which is usually arranged in the industry is omitted, more importantly, the structure part can be adapted to the requirement of the generation voltage and the requirement in the excitation power generation work, the change ratio of the second transformer can be changed to adapt to the change intervals with different requirements in advance, namely, the excitation voltage output in a large range is also assisted to be realized, of course, the duty ratios of the fifth switch tube and the like related to the excitation voltage can be adjusted based on the constraint condition in the operation, the excitation voltage is adjusted in real time to adapt to the requirement of the system.

(4) The circuit work control principle of adjusting the excitation power supply through the fifth switching tube and the like is seen, the current input by the input end (namely the power generation output end) of the variable excitation voltage in operation is always continuous, the larger interference on the power generation output end caused by the traditional self-excitation mode due to the self-excitation category can be avoided, the power quality of the power generation output end is improved, in addition, the isolation structure of the second transformer is arranged, the interference on the output side of the excitation power supply from the power generation output side is weakened, and the power quality of the excitation output is higher.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a circuit structure diagram of a converter system of a direct-voltage self-variable excitation switched reluctance generator according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In the converter system of the present embodiment, a circuit structure of the converter system is shown in fig. 1, and the converter system includes a first switching tube V1, a second switching tube V2, a third switching tube V3, a fourth switching tube V4, a fifth switching tube V5, a sixth switching tube V6, a seventh switching tube V7, an eighth switching tube V8, a ninth switching tube V9, a first phase winding M, a second phase winding N, a third phase winding P, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, a seventh capacitor C7, a first diode D7, a second diode D7, a third diode D7, a fourth diode D7, a fifth diode D7, a sixth diode D7, a seventh diode D7, an eighth diode D7, a ninth diode D7, a twelfth diode 36, A first transformer T1, a second transformer T2, a first inductor L1 and a second inductor L2, wherein the cathode of a first switch tube V1 is connected to one end of a first phase winding M, the cathode of a second switch tube V2 is connected to one end of a second phase winding N, the cathode of a third switch tube V3 is connected to one end of a third phase winding P, the other end of the first phase winding M is connected to the other end of the second phase winding N, the other end of the third phase winding P, the anode of a fourth switch tube V4, one end of a first capacitor C1 and the anode of a first diode D1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to one end of a primary winding a and one end of a secondary winding b of the first transformer T1 and one end of a secondary winding b of a second diode D2, the other end of a primary winding a of the first transformer T1 is connected to the cathode of a first diode D1 and one end of a second capacitor C8, the other end of a secondary winding b of the first transformer T1 is connected, The anode of a third diode D3, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected with the other end of a fourth capacitor C4 and the anode of a fourth diode D4, the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected with one end of a fifth capacitor C5 and one end of a first inductor L1, the anode of a first switching tube V1 is connected with the anode of a second switching tube V2, the anode of a third switching tube V3, one end of a seventh capacitor C7 and the cathode of a twelfth diode D12, the cathode of a fourth switching tube V4 is connected with the other end of a second capacitor C4, the other end of a third capacitor C4, the other end of a fifth capacitor C4, the other end of a seventh capacitor C4, the cathode of a sixth switching tube V4, the cathode of a ninth switching tube V4, one end of a sixth capacitor C4, the anode of a ninth diode D4 and the anode of the eleventh diode D4, the other end of the first diode L4 is connected with the anode of the fifth diode D4, the anode of the sixth diode D4 and the cathode of the diode D4, A fifth switching tube V5 anode, a seventh switching tube V7 anode, a sixth diode D6 cathode is connected with a fifth switching tube V5 cathode, a sixth switching tube V6 anode, and one end of a primary winding c of a second transformer T2, a seventh diode D7 cathode is connected with a seventh switching tube V7 cathode, an eighth switching tube V8 anode, and the other end of a primary winding c of a second transformer T2, one end of a secondary winding D of the second transformer T2 is connected with one end of a second inductor L2, the other end of the second inductor L2 is connected with a ninth diode D9 cathode and an eighth diode D8 anode, the other end of a secondary winding D of the second transformer T2 secondary is connected with an eleventh diode D11 cathode and a twelfth diode D10 anode, and the eighth diode D8 cathode is connected with a twelfth diode D10 cathode, a twelfth diode D12 anode and a ninth switching tube V9 anode;

the two ends of the fifth capacitor C5 are power generation output ends, namely power generation voltage ports; the two ends of the seventh capacitor C7 are the excitation power supply output end, i.e. the excitation voltage port; the fifth switch tube V5, the sixth switch tube V6, the seventh switch tube V7, the eighth switch tube V8 and the ninth switch tube V9 are all full-control high-frequency power electronic switch device power MOSFETs or IGBTs with anti-parallel diodes.

According to different requirements of the field of application of the invention on the generating voltage, different transformation ratios of the first transformer T1 and further different transformation ratios of the second transformer T2 can be set in advance, so that different generating voltage intervals and different exciting voltage intervals can be obtained.

In this embodiment, in the operation of the switched reluctance generator, the excitation and power generation processes of each phase winding are as follows: according to the position information of the rotor, when the first phase winding M needs to be put into operation, the first switch tube V1 and the fourth switch tube V4 are closed at the same time, and an excitation stage is started, at the moment, except that an excitation power supply charges and excites the first phase winding M through the first switch tube V1 and the fourth switch tube V4, the second capacitor C2 and the third capacitor C3 respectively charge the first capacitor C1 and the fourth capacitor C4; when the excitation phase is finished according to the rotor position information, the fourth switch tube V4 is disconnected, the first switch tube V1 maintains a closed state, and the power generation phase is started, at this time, an excitation power supply (a seventh capacitor C7 side) is connected with the first phase winding M, the first capacitor C1 and the fourth capacitor C4 in series to output electric energy to a power generation output end together, and it can be seen that the power generation voltage is much larger than the excitation voltage at this time, in addition, the second capacitor C2 is also charged by the excitation power supply + the first phase winding M, the excitation power supply + the first capacitor C1+ the primary side winding a of the first transformer T1, and the third capacitor C3 is charged by the excitation power supply + the first phase winding M through the second diode D2; when the power generation stage is finished according to the rotor position information, the first switching tube V1 is cut off, the current of the first phase winding M is reduced to zero, and the work is finished;

according to the rotor position information, when the second phase winding N and the third phase winding P need to be put into operation, except that the second switching tube V2 and the third switching tube V3 correspond to the first switching tube V1, the operation control mode is the same as that of the first phase winding M, namely except that the second switching tube V2 and the third switching tube V3, other devices in the excitation and power generation operation of each phase winding are shared.

In order to obtain different excitation voltages required by the converter system of the present invention in response to different real-time requirements of the whole power generation system, the fifth switching tube V5, the sixth switching tube V6, the seventh switching tube V7, the eighth switching tube V8, and the ninth switching tube V9 operate in a high-frequency PWM mode, and the specific operation control method includes:

the fifth switch tube V5 and the sixth switch tube V6 are complementarily switched, that is, when one switch tube is closed, the other switch tube is opened, the seventh switch tube V7 and the eighth switch tube V8 are complementarily switched, the PWM duty cycles of the fifth switch tube V5 and the seventh switch tube V7 are both greater than 0.5 and equal, the PWM duty cycles of the sixth switch tube V6 and the eighth switch tube V8 are both less than 0.5 and equal, the phase difference of the fifth switch tube V5 and the seventh switch tube V7, and the phase difference of the sixth switch tube V6 and the eighth switch tube V8 are both half of one PWM period, that is, 180 degrees; regarding the ninth switch tube V9, it is synchronized with the sixth switch tube V6 and the eighth switch tube V8, i.e. the ninth switch tube V9 is closed when the sixth switch tube V6 is closed, the ninth switch tube V9 is also closed when the eighth switch tube V8 is closed, and the ninth switch tube V9 is open at the rest of time; based on the control method, namely under the constraint condition, the output voltage of the excitation power supply, namely the excitation voltage value, can be changed by adjusting the PWM duty ratios of the fifth switching tube V5, the sixth switching tube V6, the seventh switching tube V7, the eighth switching tube V8 and the ninth switching tube V9.

Therefore, each phase of winding is connected with a switching tube in series and then connected in parallel, and the same mode can work, so that the invention is naturally within the protection range for the three-phase winding switched reluctance generator of the embodiment and the switched reluctance generator with any phase of winding number.