High-efficiency potato harvester
阅读说明:本技术 高效率的土豆收获机 (High-efficiency potato harvester ) 是由 应瑶琪 于 2019-11-05 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明提供了一种高效率的土豆收获机,包括设有顶板的机架,所述的顶板上设置有气流产生装置,所述的气流产生装置下方设置有推板装置,所述的推板装置一侧连接有泥土清理装置,所述的泥土清理装置前端设置有筛选装置,所述的筛选装置下方设置有收料装置,所述的收料装置下方还设置有车轮装置,所述的车轮装置一侧还设置有刮刀装置;所述的气流产生装置上方设置有压板,所述的压板下方设置有进料口,所述的进料口上设置有铲板装置,本发明提供的一种高效率的土豆收获机,利用简易的泥土清理装置、筛选装置以及风扇装置相互配合,实现了对土豆按大小进项筛选,且吹走土豆内的部分异物。(The invention provides a high-efficiency potato harvester which comprises a rack provided with a top plate, wherein an airflow generating device is arranged on the top plate, a push plate device is arranged below the airflow generating device, one side of the push plate device is connected with a soil cleaning device, the front end of the soil cleaning device is provided with a screening device, a material receiving device is arranged below the screening device, a wheel device is also arranged below the material receiving device, and a scraper device is also arranged at one side of the wheel device; the potato harvester with high efficiency provided by the invention realizes screening potatoes according to sizes and blows off partial foreign matters in the potatoes by utilizing the mutual cooperation of the simple soil cleaning device, the screening device and the fan device.)
1. A high efficiency potato harvester comprising a frame (1) provided with a top plate (11), characterized in that: the device is characterized in that an airflow generating device (2) is arranged on the top plate (11), a push plate device (3) is arranged below the airflow generating device (2), the push plate device (3) comprises a driving shaft (31), one side of the driving shaft (31) is connected with a motor (A) through a shaft coupling (A1), the driving shaft (31) is further provided with a driving wheel (12), the driving wheel (12) is connected with an earth cleaning device (4) through a first transmission chain (a), the front end of the earth cleaning device (4) is provided with a screening device (5), a material receiving device (6) is arranged below the screening device (5), a discharge hole (13) is arranged on one side of the material receiving device (6), a push rod (14) is arranged at the upper end of the discharge hole (13), and a wheel device (7) is arranged below the material receiving device (6), the wheel device (7) is connected with the soil cleaning device (4) through a second transmission chain (b), and one side of the wheel device (7) is also provided with a scraper device (8); the air flow generating device is characterized in that a pressing plate (15) is arranged above the air flow generating device (2), the pressing plate (15) is connected with a telescopic rod (18) of an air cylinder (17) through a connecting rod (16), a feeding hole (19) is formed in the lower portion of the telescopic rod (18), and a shovel plate device (9) is arranged on the feeding hole (19).
2. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 1, further comprising: the airflow generating device (2) comprises a telescopic sealed air bin (21) fixedly mounted on the top plate (11), a plurality of first air outlet holes (22) are formed in the lower end of the sealed air bin (21), and the first air outlet holes (22) vertically penetrate through the lower surface of the top plate (11).
3. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 2, further comprising: the push plate device (3) comprises a driven shaft (33) connected with the driving shaft (31) through a belt (32), a plurality of push plates (34) are arranged on the belt (32), and a plurality of second air outlet holes (35) are formed in the belt (32) between the push plates (34).
4. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 1, further comprising: earth cleaning device (4) include and pass through first drive chain (a) with drive wheel (12) first gear (41) that link to each other, just first gear (41) fixed mounting in worm (42) one side, worm (42) opposite side be provided with second gear (43), worm (42) on still be provided with first teeth of a cogwheel (42 a), first teeth of a cogwheel (42 a) top be equipped with mounting bracket (45) of taking swash plate (44), mounting bracket (45) on movable mounting have a plurality of clearance axles (46), every clearance axle (46) on all be equipped with soft brush (47), clearance axle (46) one side still install with first teeth of a cogwheel (42 a) intermeshing's third gear (48).
5. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 4, further comprising: sieving mechanism (5) include with mounting bracket (45) screening frame (51) that link to each other, screening frame (51) on adorn a plurality of spacer bars (52) admittedly, spacer bar (52) between be provided with ladder pole subassembly (J) that reduces gradually from earth cleaning device (4) to sieving mechanism (5) direction diameter, ladder pole subassembly (J) include left branch pole (J1) and right branch pole (J2), and from earth cleaning device (4) to the distance crescent between sieving mechanism (5) direction left branch pole (J1) and right branch pole (J2).
6. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 5, further comprising: the material receiving device (6) comprises a material receiving box (61) arranged right below the screening frame (51), slide rails (62) are arranged on two sides of the material receiving box (61), a cylindrical groove (62 a) is formed in the tail end of each slide rail (62), a screw running groove (63) is further formed in one side of each slide rail (62), and a partition plate assembly (G) is installed in each screw running groove (63) through a locking screw (64).
7. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 6, further comprising: the partition plate assembly (G) comprises a sliding block (G1) matched with the sliding rail (62), the front end of the sliding block (G1) is provided with a ball body (G2) matched with the cylindrical groove (62 a), the tail end of the sliding block (G1) is provided with a fixing plate (G3), and a partition plate (G4) is arranged on the fixing plate (G3).
8. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 4, further comprising: the wheel device (7) comprises a plurality of wheel assemblies (7 a) arranged at the lower end of the rack (1), the wheel assemblies (7 a) are connected through a third transmission chain (71), each wheel assembly (7 a) comprises a wheel shaft (72) movably arranged on the rack (1), a fourth gear (73) connected with the second gear (43) through the second transmission chain (b) is arranged on each wheel shaft (72), and wheels (74) with the same structure are arranged on two sides of each wheel shaft (72).
9. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 8, further comprising: scraper device (8) including fixed mounting in frame (1) on horizontal pole (81), horizontal pole (81) both ends be provided with structure unanimous scraper (82), just scraper (82) side with third driving chain (71) tangent.
10. A high efficiency potato harvester as in claim 1, further comprising: shovel board device (9) including fixed mounting in articulated post (91) of feed inlet (19), articulated post (91) on articulated have shovel board (92), shovel board (92) on be provided with a plurality of husky mouths of hourglass (93), hourglass husky mouth (93) both sides be provided with and prevent falling board (94), shovel board (92) front end still be provided with arc shovel (95).
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural product harvesting equipment and agricultural science and technology, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency potato harvester.
Background
Potato harvesters typically utilize a rotating digging implement to scoop the potatoes, potato seedlings, and soil with a digging shovel. Along with the forward operation of machines, the potato of shovel, potato seedling and earth are carried and are carried the separator top, and separator produces orderly shake owing to shake the continuous rotation of device to realize the potato separation.
For example, chinese patent literature discloses a high-efficiency potato harvester [ application No.: 201811441663.1 ] comprising two racks forming a working space therebetween; a bucket part, an elevating part and a fertilizer applicator are arranged in the working space; the shovel part is fixed at the front end of the frame and used for shoveling potatoes in ridges, and the rear end of the shovel part is in contact with the lifting part; the fertilizer applicator comprises a feed box, a spray pipe and a main control board; the feed box is arranged on the rack and used for storing fertilizer; the spray pipe is arranged at one end of the bottom of the bucket part close to the chain wheel assembly; the bottom of the spray pipe is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic spray heads along the length direction; the electromagnetic spray head is communicated with the material box through a hose; the main control board is electrically connected with the electromagnetic spray head and used for opening and closing the electromagnetic spray head.
According to the efficient potato harvester in the scheme, although base fertilizer is applied to cultivated land while potatoes are harvested, the motor is low in working efficiency, and unqualified potatoes or foreign matters in the potatoes cannot be effectively separated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a high-efficiency potato harvester, which realizes screening of potatoes according to different sizes and blows away partial foreign matters in the potatoes by utilizing the mutual cooperation of a simple soil cleaning device, a screening device and a fan device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an efficient potato harvester, includes the frame that is equipped with the roof, its characterized in that: the top plate is provided with an airflow generating device, a push plate device is arranged below the airflow generating device and comprises a driving shaft, one side of the driving shaft is connected with a motor through a coupling, the driving shaft is also provided with a driving wheel, the driving wheel is connected with an earth cleaning device through a first transmission chain, the front end of the earth cleaning device is provided with a screening device, a material receiving device is arranged below the screening device, one side of the material receiving device is provided with a material outlet, the upper end of the material outlet is provided with a push rod, a wheel device is also arranged below the material receiving device and is connected with the earth cleaning device through a second transmission chain, and one side of the wheel device is also provided with a scraper device; the device is characterized in that a pressing plate is arranged above the airflow generating device, the pressing plate is connected with a telescopic rod of the air cylinder through a connecting rod, a feeding hole is formed below the telescopic rod, and a shovel plate device is arranged on the feeding hole.
Preferably, the airflow generating device comprises a telescopic sealed air bin fixedly mounted on the top plate, a plurality of first air outlets are formed in the lower end of the sealed air bin, and the first air outlets vertically penetrate through the lower surface of the top plate.
Preferably, the push plate device comprises a driven shaft connected with the driving shaft through a belt, the belt is provided with a plurality of push plates, and a plurality of second air outlets are formed in the belt between the push plates.
As preferred, earth cleaning device include through first driving chain with the action wheel continuous first gear, just first gear fixed mounting in worm one side, the worm opposite side be provided with the second gear, the worm on still be provided with first teeth of a cogwheel, first teeth of a cogwheel top be equipped with the mounting bracket of taking the swash plate, the mounting bracket on movable mounting have a plurality of clearance axles, every the clearance epaxial soft brush that all is equipped with, clearance axle one side still install with first teeth of a cogwheel intermeshing's third gear.
Preferably, the sieving mechanism include with the screening frame that the mounting bracket links to each other, the screening frame on adorn a plurality of spacer bars admittedly, the spacer bar between be provided with from earth cleaning device to the ladder pole subassembly that the sieving mechanism direction diameter reduces gradually, the ladder pole subassembly include left branch pole and right branch pole, and from earth cleaning device to the sieving mechanism direction between left branch pole and the right branch pole distance crescent.
Preferably, the material receiving device comprises a material receiving box arranged right below the screening frame, slide rails are arranged on two sides of the material receiving box, a cylindrical groove is formed in the tail end of each slide rail, a screw running groove is further formed in one side of each slide rail, and a partition plate assembly is installed in each screw running groove through a locking screw.
Preferably, the partition plate assembly comprises a sliding block matched with the sliding rail, a ball matched with the cylindrical groove is arranged at the front end of the sliding block, a fixing plate is arranged at the tail end of the sliding block, and a partition plate is arranged on the fixing plate.
Preferably, the wheel device comprises a plurality of wheel assemblies which are arranged at the lower end of the rack and connected through a third transmission chain, each wheel assembly comprises a wheel shaft which is movably arranged on the rack, a fourth gear which is connected with the second gear through the second transmission chain is arranged on each wheel shaft, and wheels with the same structure are arranged on two sides of each wheel shaft.
Preferably, the scraper device comprises a cross rod fixedly mounted on the frame, scrapers with the same structure are arranged at two ends of the cross rod, and the side surfaces of the scrapers are tangent to the third transmission chain.
Preferably, the shovel plate device comprises an articulated column fixedly installed at the feeding hole, a shovel plate is hinged to the articulated column, a plurality of sand leaking openings are formed in the shovel plate, anti-falling plates are arranged on two sides of each sand leaking opening, and arc-shaped shovels are further arranged at the front end of the shovel plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the airflow generating device provided by the invention utilizes the telescopic and sealing performance of the sealed air bin, so that the sealed air bin generates air due to the change of the volume, the air bin acts on the push plate device and the soil cleaning device, the soil and plant residues on potatoes are favorably removed, and the airflow generating device and the air cylinder realize linkage so that the airflow generating device generates air along with the movement of the air cylinder.
2. The push plate device, the soil cleaning device and the wheel device are linked through the simple transmission mechanism, so that the use efficiency of the motor is improved.
3. The soil cleaning device provided by the invention cleans soil on the surface of the potatoes by utilizing friction force generated between the rotation of the soft hairbrush and the potatoes, and the design can clean the potatoes and avoid the damage of the potato skins.
4. The material receiving device and the screening device are matched with each other, so that the potatoes are distinguished according to the sizes of the potatoes, and the screening of the potatoes is completed.
5. The scraper device provided by the invention can remove soil on the third transmission chain on the wheel device, and the phenomenon that the third transmission chain is excessively filled with soil and is not beneficial to the forward movement of equipment is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a high-efficiency potato harvester provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective sectional view of a high efficiency potato harvester provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view (reverse) of the relationship of the moving components of the high-efficiency potato harvester provided by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional sectional view of the material receiving device provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the soil cleaning device and the screening device provided by the invention.
In the figure, a machine frame 1, a
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a high-efficiency potato harvester comprises a frame 1 provided with a
Specifically speaking, the
Further,
Specifically, the soil cleaning device 4 comprises a
Further, the
Further, the material receiving device 6 comprises a
Furthermore, the partition plate assembly G comprises a sliding block G1 matched with the sliding
Specifically, the
Further, the
Specifically speaking,
The working principle is as follows: loosening the
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Although the machine frame 1, the
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