阅读说明：本技术 暴露咬合面的护齿牙套 (Tooth protecting tooth socket with exposed occlusal surface ) 是由 林昱璿 于 2018-07-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种暴露咬合面的护齿牙套,供套设于人体口腔内部的至少一部份牙齿和至少一部份牙龈,供上述部分牙齿的至少一咬合面暴露于该护齿牙套,该护齿牙套包括：形成有复数个对应上述部分牙齿的齿形槽的至少一顶部,上述齿形槽中至少一个齿形槽形成有一通孔,供对应前述通孔的上述牙齿的咬合面暴露；一端延伸自上述顶部的复数个固定部,上述固定部形成有分别对应上述部分牙齿间隙的嵌齿内侧面；及从上述固定部朝向远离上述顶部延伸的复数保护部,上述保护部形成有对应上述部份牙龈表面的护龈内侧面。(The invention discloses a tooth protecting tooth socket with exposed occlusal surface, which is sleeved on at least one part of teeth and at least one part of gingiva in the oral cavity of a human body, and at least one occlusal surface of the part of teeth is exposed on the tooth protecting tooth socket, and the tooth protecting tooth socket comprises: at least one top portion formed with a plurality of tooth-shaped grooves corresponding to the portion of the teeth, at least one of the tooth-shaped grooves being formed with a through hole for exposing the occlusal surface of the tooth corresponding to the through hole; a plurality of fixing parts with one end extending from the top part, wherein the fixing parts are provided with embedded tooth inner side surfaces respectively corresponding to the partial tooth gaps; and a plurality of protection parts extending from the fixing part to the position far away from the top part, wherein the protection parts are formed with inner side faces of the protection gingiva corresponding to the partial gingiva surfaces.)

1. A dental mouthpiece for protecting teeth, which is provided to be fitted over at least a part of teeth and at least a part of gums inside a mouth of a human body, so that at least an occlusal surface of the part of teeth is exposed to the dental mouthpiece and the part of teeth and the part of gums are stably coupled to each other, the dental mouthpiece comprising:

at least one top portion formed with a plurality of tooth-shaped grooves corresponding to the portion of the teeth, at least one of the tooth-shaped grooves being formed with a through hole for exposing the occlusal surface of the tooth corresponding to the through hole;

a plurality of fixing parts with one end extending from the top part, wherein the fixing parts are provided with embedded tooth inner side surfaces respectively corresponding to the partial tooth gaps;

a plurality of protection parts extending from the fixing part to the position far away from the top part, wherein the protection parts are formed with inner side faces of the protection gingiva corresponding to the partial gingiva surfaces.

2. The exposed occlusal surface dental mouthpiece of claim 1 wherein the top portion, the securing portion and the protective portion are integrally formed.

3. The exposed occlusal facing tooth guard of claim 1 wherein the tooth guard has a layer of flexible material.

4. The occlusally exposed tooth-protecting mouthpiece of claim 1 further comprising at least one hard crown disposed on said top portion.

5. The bite exposing mouthpiece of claim 3 further comprising at least one rigid skeleton disposed at least partially within the layer of flexible material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tooth protecting tooth socket, in particular to a tooth protecting tooth socket exposing occlusal surfaces.

Background

When caries, periodontal disease, tooth breakage or other conditions occur in the mouth, the teeth may become painful due to damage or decay, thereby affecting the chewing function and oral health. Conventionally, the treatment is usually performed by means of filling, root canal treatment, tooth extraction or denture installation, and in these treatment methods, in addition to the slight symptoms that can be treated by filling, the other treatment methods all require tedious surgical procedures and high cost, and the surgical procedures are also at risk of infection. In addition, the teeth that are normally treated by endodontic treatment are relatively weak, and the remaining teeth, although protected by artificial crowns, are still unable to block plaque from eroding the tooth root, which may lead to serious inflammatory reactions.

For damaged teeth, the traditional treatment method is to grind the damaged teeth down and then fit with an artificial crown, which may require grinding the original teeth down, which may make the teeth more fragile, and the custom-made artificial crown has higher cost, which may cause a greater burden on the patient, and since the original tooth root is not destroyed and the bond with the alveolar bone is still maintained, the treatment method is still the best for damaged teeth such as enamel or ivory; however, because of their high cost, many patients are not willing to do so, resulting in the damaged teeth becoming increasingly damaged and eventually unable to be repaired and must be removed.

However, in general, if no artificial tooth is implanted in the missing tooth, the tooth near the missing tooth position may sway or tilt due to no support around the tooth, so that the patient needs to be treated additionally, especially, in general, the tilt and sway will be worsened gradually and finally fall into the lower field of extraction, and the side teeth will fall into the same single side again and lose support embarrassment, so that the entire row of teeth is degraded one by one and extracted, which is also the reason why the old people often have no teeth in their mouths.

At present, the situation of tooth missing is treated, and the common solution is to implant a tooth at the tooth missing position, firstly, an artificial tooth root with high human body compatibility is implanted in an alveolar bone at the tooth missing position, and then, a crown made of ceramic material, for example, is locked on the artificial tooth root to complete the implantation, and the treatment process is more complicated than that of the artificial tooth crown, and the price is more expensive. Although the problem of skew and shaking of residual teeth caused by the lateral pressure is temporarily avoided in the tooth implantation, the alveolar bone of a human body can automatically distinguish the implanted artificial tooth root as an external foreign body, the gum and the alveolar bone gradually retract along with time, so that the combination firmness between the implanted tooth root and the alveolar bone is still gradually weakened, the residual teeth on two sides are gradually damaged, and periodontal diseases cannot be avoided.

On the other hand, in general, teenagers or adolescents use orthodontic appliances, which are classified into a fixed type and a detachable type, in order to correct the arrangement of teeth in the oral cavity. The most common fixed type is that metal or ceramic pads are contacted and fixed on the surface of each tooth one by one, and steel wires are used as straightening wires to apply tension for fixing the connection between the pads. Further, the appliance has a foreign body sensation in the mouth, even if the mouth or tongue is abraded from time to time, which causes extreme pain during the correction, and the dentist must adjust the tension of the correction wire periodically during the correction to gradually adjust the position of the corrected tooth. Even after the correction period is finished, the user needs to wear the maintainer for a period of time to maintain the teeth in alignment, which also increases the trouble of the patient.

Therefore, the transparent detachable orthodontic appliances emerging at present completely cover teeth to be corrected and nearby gingiva for supporting by using the tooth socket made of transparent materials, the appliances are detached at dining, and the appliances are worn at other times, so that the positions of the dentition are changed by applying pressure; and gradually change the tooth row position by, for example, replacing the next set of braces every two weeks. The transparent detachable orthodontic appliance is flexible in material, so that the transparent detachable orthodontic appliance cannot be used for chewing instead of teeth, and must be detached from the inside of the oral cavity before eating so as to perform actions such as biting or chewing on the real teeth of a patient, and the like.

Unfortunately, if the teeth are already lost or extracted due to illness for the above-mentioned middle-aged and elderly people, because the support capability of the edentulous portion is lost, the remaining teeth at both sides of the edentulous position are still pressed laterally by the more posterior teeth, so that the teeth at both sides are skewed toward the edentulous position, the fixing capability of the alveolar bone to the teeth is reduced, and thus the teeth are loosened from both sides of the edentulous. Even though the practitioner claims that the transparent detachable orthodontic appliance can maintain the normal positions of the residual teeth on the two sides, the practitioner still wears the appliance only in a non-chewing state to temporarily keep the normal positions of the residual teeth, and actually needs to detach the appliance when chewing the teeth, so that the actual teeth can bear pressure independently, the residual teeth are inclined and shaken when chewing the teeth, the deterioration of the combination relationship between the alveolar bone and the residual teeth can still be stimulated, the process of future extraction can be slowed down only slightly, and the problem that the residual teeth are further loosened cannot be completely avoided.

Even further, because the detachable orthodontic appliance intentionally pushes the crooked teeth in a tight manner to achieve the orthodontic effect, for the patient with teeth which are not fixed well, if the patient takes food every day and needs to be disassembled, the patient must be re-worn at other times, just like chronic tooth extraction, the unhealthy teeth are easily dropped, and finally, 25568and Miao-grown.

Therefore, how to solve the above-mentioned problems of oral treatment deficiency and dentition correction, on one hand, the natural teeth of the patient are maintained as much as possible, the price of correction is reduced to meet the public demand, especially, the complicated surgical procedures are avoided, and most importantly, the stability of the residual teeth on both sides is ensured after the teeth are lacked, and even the occurrence factors of periodontal disease are greatly reduced during the correction period, which is still the direction of urgent research and improvement.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, it would be desirable to provide a bite-surface exposed dental mouthpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention, which aims to achieve the following objectives: (1) the patient can ensure the stability of the residual teeth under the condition of missing teeth; (2) even when chewing, the residual teeth can be still protected from being inclined by lateral pressure and the chewing function of the teeth is not influenced; (3) can avoid the situation that the vegetable residue and the meat scraps are stuffed in the tooth neck or the tooth gap, and reduce the occurrence of periodontal diseases; (3) can help patients with malocclusion of dentition and can chew smoothly; (4) periodontal surgery or frequent replacement of tooth sockets are not needed, and the medical cost of correction is greatly reduced; (5) the tooth socket is easy to be detached after the patient finishes eating, the teeth and the tooth socket are cleaned synchronously, and the teeth are clean and are not easy to cause periodontal diseases.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a bite-protecting mouthpiece for exposing occlusal surfaces, which is adapted to be fitted over at least a portion of teeth and at least a portion of gums inside a mouth of a human body, wherein at least one occlusal surface of the portion of teeth is exposed to the mouthpiece, and the portion of teeth and the portion of gums are stably coupled to each other, the mouthpiece comprising: at least one top portion formed with a plurality of tooth-shaped grooves corresponding to the portion of the teeth, at least one of the tooth-shaped grooves being formed with a through hole for exposing the occlusal surface of the tooth corresponding to the through hole; a plurality of fixing parts with one end extending from the top part, wherein the fixing parts are provided with embedded tooth inner side surfaces respectively corresponding to the partial tooth gaps; and a plurality of protection parts extending from the fixing part to the position far away from the top part, wherein the protection parts are formed with inner side faces of the protection gingiva corresponding to the partial gingiva surfaces.

According to one embodiment, the top portion, the fixing portion and the protection portion are integrally formed.

According to another embodiment, the dental mouthpiece includes a flexible material layer formed thereon, at least one hard crown disposed on the crown, and at least one rigid skeleton disposed at least partially within the flexible material layer.

Compared with the prior art, the tooth protection tooth socket with the exposed occlusal surface disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the occlusal surface of natural teeth can be exposed by the through hole formed by the tooth-shaped groove, so that food can be chewed; through the through holes and the fixing parts, unstable teeth can be assisted to be fixed, the teeth are prevented from being stressed and inclined or shaken, and a patient can eat normally; especially, the gap between the neck of the tooth or the gum is protected in the process of eating, the vegetable residue and meat scraps are not embedded, and the tooth socket can be automatically detached after eating, so that the natural tooth and the tooth socket are respectively cleaned, the cleaning of the natural tooth and the tooth socket is ensured, and the probability of periodontal disease in the process of correction is greatly reduced. The hard dental crowns arranged on the top can replace dental crowns used for common single teeth, so that a patient can eat and drink normally without complicated operation courses. The tooth protecting tooth socket with the exposed occlusal surface can be used for correcting the dentition, so that a patient can eat and chew food under the condition of not detaching the dentition corrector and the retainer, and the life convenience is effectively improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a dental mouthpiece for exposing an occlusal surface according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating the tooth protection mouthpiece with exposed occlusal surfaces of the first preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1 applied to teeth.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the exposed occlusal surfaces of the dental mouthpiece and teeth of the first preferred embodiment shown in figure 2.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a dental mouthpiece with exposed occlusal surfaces according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating the tooth protection mouthpiece with the exposed occlusal surface of the second embodiment shown in fig. 4 being fitted to teeth.

Figure 6 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the dental mouthpiece of figure 5 used by a patient to expose the occlusal surface.

Wherein: 1. 41 is a tooth protecting tooth socket; 2. 42 is the top; 3. 43 is a through hole; 4. 44 is a fixed part; 5. 45 is a protection part; 6. 46 is a tooth-shaped groove; 11. molar 51 is molar; 12 is a gum; 24 is the top outer side surface; 34 is the inner side of the cog; 25 is the outer side of the bottom; 35 is the inner side of the protective gum; 47 is a rigid framework; 48 is a hard dental crown; 53 is the third molar; 60 is the patient.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein.

The drawings are only for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which may be embodied or carried out by a person skilled in the art.

First preferred embodiment

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the teeth protection mouthpiece with exposed occlusal surface according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the teeth of the patient in this embodiment have no defects, and mainly to solve the problem that food is stuck in the teeth gap and is not easy to chew due to skew dentition, the teeth protection mouthpiece 1 is fixed by the second small molar, the first large molar and the third large molar on the front and rear sides, and the uneven occlusal surface of the penultimate skewed second large molar is flattened by the top portion 2, so as to facilitate occlusal chewing. The tooth protection tooth socket 1 comprises a top part 2, a fixing part 4 and a protection part 5 which are integrally formed. In the present embodiment, the top portion 2 is formed with the tooth-shaped grooves 6 corresponding to the rearmost small molars and three large molars of the tooth row, and for the sake of convenience of explanation, the small molars and the large molars will not be distinguished from each other and will be collectively referred to as molars 11 hereinafter. The tooth-shaped groove 6 is formed with four through holes 3, and the size of the through holes 3 is the same as the occlusal surface of the corresponding four molars 11, so that the occlusal surface can be exposed on the top 2.

The one end of fixed part 4 extends from top 2, fixed part 4 is formed with top lateral surface 24 and embedded tooth medial surface 34, the surface of top lateral surface 24 is smooth and not crude, in order to avoid disease tongue and oral cavity membrane scratch, embedded tooth medial surface 34 has the shape that corresponds four molar teeth 11 clearances in rear, and form the fin that is corresponding to 11 tooth necks of molar teeth department respectively, be used for stabilizing the relative relation between protecting tooth facing 1 and molar teeth 11 on the one hand, thoroughly seal the slit (not marked in the figure) between each tooth neck simultaneously, make the unable card of inlaying of vegetable residue meat bits get into. The protective part 5 further extends from the fixing part 4 towards the end far away from the top part 2, the protective part 5 is formed with a bottom outer side 25 and a gum protecting inner side 35, the surface of the bottom outer side 25 and the top outer side 24 are the same smooth and not rough, and the gum protecting inner side 35 has a shape corresponding to the surface of the gum 12 below the four molars 11.

The connection between the fixing part 4 and the protecting part 5 effectively blocks the gap between the tooth neck and the gum 12, and also prevents the residue of vegetable residue and meat debris. Therefore, no matter the position between the tooth neck, perhaps the gap between tooth neck and the gum, will not have the foreign matter that is difficult to the clearance because the feed and remain, the patient only need take off the facing by oneself after the feed to rinse and clean the facing respectively and brush the teeth, can simply ensure that the tooth is clean, compare in above-mentioned fixed unscrambler, not only more there is not foreign object to feel, also easily washs. Particularly, the tooth socket does not need to be taken down in the chewing process, and compared with the detachable tooth row corrector, the tooth socket can fully achieve the effect of supporting and positioning, and cannot be interfered by external chewing force in the correcting process. If the teeth are unstable and can shake, the tooth socket of the invention also has the effect of holding the teeth to reduce the shaking.

The tooth-protecting tooth socket 1 is made of elastic and flexible material. Of course, those skilled in the art can also select any medical materials or materials composed of medical materials such as silicon gel, plastic, rubber, artificial fiber, etc. as the tooth protecting mouthpiece, which will not hinder the implementation of the present invention.

In the embodiment, the tooth protecting dental mouthpiece 1 is used, and the remaining adjacent teeth of the patient are used as supports, and the top part 2 is used for compensating the subsidence of the occlusal surface caused by the deflection of the second large molar, and on the other hand, is used for stabilizing the corrected second large molar; in addition, the tooth socket does not need to be taken off during the dining process, and the tooth socket is chewed to keep the functions of fixing teeth and assisting occlusion. And because the tooth protection tooth socket 1 of this embodiment is made of elastic material, when the patient uses, only need to cover the tooth protection tooth socket 1 towards the molar teeth 11 and the gum 12, the second molar teeth corrected can be as shown in fig. 2, by the tooth protection tooth socket 1 and other healthy molar teeth 11 are firmly connected together. And four molar teeth of the tooth protection tooth socket 1 are sleeved, and the occlusal surface can be exposed outside the tooth protection tooth socket 1 through the through hole 3 so as to facilitate chewing.

As can be seen from the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the top portion 2 is slightly lower than the occlusal surface of the molar teeth 11, so that the patient does not wear the tooth protection mouthpiece 1 due to the excessively high top portion 2 when biting; the inner side surface 34 of the embedded tooth and the inner side surface 35 of the protective gum are in the shape of the neck of the tooth and the gum 12 by anastomosis, so that the protective tooth socket 1 can be firmly connected with the molar tooth 11 and the gum 12, the molar tooth 11 of a patient can not shake or feel painful due to the force of chewing, all slits and gaps of the neck of the tooth and the gum 12 can be protected, vegetable residue and meat scraps can not be embedded, dental plaque is generated to cause decay, alveolar bone and gum 12 can be protected, and the alveolar bone and gum can not be directly impacted by hard food and can not be withered or damaged.

The tooth protection facing 1 in the embodiment can also be applied to fixing teeth, if the teeth of a patient have the missing teeth, the tooth protection facing 1 does not need to form through holes, so that the missing teeth position is shielded, only the teeth beside the missing teeth position are exposed, and the condition of shaking or displacement caused by the missing support of the missing teeth side is avoided.

Second preferred embodiment

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, in the dental protective brace with exposed occlusal surface according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the patient has healthy canine teeth and small molar teeth on both sides of the lower jaw, but the three lower-right large molar teeth, one second small molar tooth, and the first and second lower-left large molar teeth are slightly loose, and the third upper molar tooth 53 on the lower-left rear side, commonly called wisdom tooth, is relatively poorly grown and cannot be chewed by contacting with the third upper molar tooth corresponding to the upper-left side, so that the third upper molar tooth on the upper-left side excessively protrudes downward to interfere with the operation of the second upper molar tooth in front. According to the prior art, molars tend to tilt, tip and rock and fall one by one under frequent chewing use due to lack of lateral support.

Because the growth of the teeth has directionality, the relative pressure of the upper teeth and the lower teeth during the chewing action is beneficial to the stimulation and stabilization between the alveolar bone and the tooth root, but the component force in the horizontal direction is not beneficial to the teeth, and the tooth deflection and the loosening of the alveolar bone joint can be caused. The mouthpiece 41 in this embodiment comprises an integrally formed top portion 42, fixing portion 44 and protective portion 45, as well as a hard crown 48 and a rigid skeleton 47. The fixing portion 44 and the protecting portion 45 have the same features as those of the previous embodiment, and the description of the same parts is omitted here.

The top part 42 is formed with seven tooth-shaped grooves 46 corresponding to the rear seven molar teeth on both sides of the molar teeth 51, wherein the six tooth-shaped grooves 46 are formed with through holes 43, and the size of the through holes 43 is the same as the occlusal surface of the six molar teeth behind the corresponding molar teeth 51, so that the occlusal surface can be exposed out of the top part 42. The top part 42 of the tooth-shaped groove 46 corresponding to the left lower third molar 53 is provided with a hard dental crown 48, and the hard dental crown 48 can be made of materials which are not easy to wear, such as metal, ceramic, alloy and the like, so as to correspond to the left upper third molar, avoid the excessive downward protrusion, ensure the relative correct occlusion relation and crush food; the flexible material layer formed by the fixing portion 44 and the protection portion 45 is provided with a rigid framework 47, the fixing portion 44 and the protection portion 45 on the left and right sides are mutually positioned, the structural strength of the tooth protection mouthpiece 41 is enhanced, the top portion 42 behind the two sides of the molar teeth 51 can be stably connected, and the rigid framework 47 can be made of rigid materials such as metal, alloy, plastic and the like.

As can be seen from fig. 5, after the molar teeth 51 are fitted over the teeth-protecting braces 41, all the molar teeth 51 can have occlusal surfaces of a proper height, so that the original chewing function can be effectively preserved, and the front unsupported small molar teeth can also be stably connected with other large molar teeth in good conditions. As can be seen more clearly from fig. 6, when the patient 60 bites or chews, the hard crown 48 not only serves as a substitute for the third large molar tooth 53 to provide smooth chewing of the corresponding third large molar tooth on the upper left, but also shields the slit and gap between the third large molar tooth 53 and the adjacent tooth neck, and between the third large molar tooth 53 and the gum, thereby greatly reducing the risk of periodontal disease. On the other hand, because the hard crown 48 is supported by the crown 42, the root or alveolar bone of the upper and lower third molars will not be further shrunk due to the lack of the stimulation of the upper and lower occlusal forces during occlusion or chewing, so that the effect of protecting all the remaining teeth can be achieved.

According to the invention, after a patient eats or wears the tooth protecting tooth socket for a period of time, the tooth protecting tooth socket can be detached for cleaning, and meanwhile, the interior of the oral cavity is cleaned. Therefore, the oral cavity and the tooth protecting tooth socket can be kept clean because of no sharp protrusion or a large amount of gaps between the oral cavity and the tooth protecting tooth socket, and diseases of the oral cavity or the teeth caused by bacteria breeding are avoided.

The tooth protecting tooth socket is manufactured in a mode that a solid impression denture is used for a patient to bite the model and then the model is turned over, or a digital scanner is used for scanning the inside of the oral cavity of the patient and then a model forming machine is used for manufacturing the tooth protecting tooth socket. If the teeth protection tooth socket is used for tooth alignment, the tooth protection tooth socket can be finely adjusted according to the tooth alignment condition of a patient, the arrangement of teeth is finely adjusted by the restoring force of the flexible material of the tooth protection tooth socket, and after the patient wears the tooth socket for a period of time, the tooth protection tooth socket at the next stage can be manufactured according to the arrangement condition of the teeth for the patient to wear until the arrangement condition of the teeth reaches the expected target.

If the gaps between the teeth are small, the through holes of the tooth protecting tooth socket can be designed to be provided with the size of two or more teeth at one time, so that the teeth can be fixed through one through hole, and the occlusal surface is exposed, which does not hinder the implementation of the invention. And the teeth to be corrected or assisted in fixing can also be canine teeth or incisor teeth and are not limited to small molars or large molars.

In summary, the tooth protection mouthpiece with exposed occlusal surface provided by the invention can improve crooked teeth, fix unstable teeth, avoid wrong stress on the affected part of teeth, keep correct up-down mutual occlusal force stimulation during chewing, and further can expose the occlusal surface of teeth when the tooth protection mouthpiece is sleeved, so that natural teeth of a patient can be correctly used for chewing and eating. The patient can return the teeth to the normal diet condition with less cost without complicated operation course. The invention can also be used for orthodontic treatment, and can be used for modeling according to the dentition conditions of patients in different periods so as to fine adjust the arrangement condition of teeth.