阅读说明：本技术 燃料电池汽车的下电方法、装置及车辆 (Power-off method and device of fuel cell automobile and vehicle ) 是由 孙扬之 于 2018-06-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开涉及一种燃料电池汽车的下电方法、装置及车辆,应用于使用燃料电池的车辆,该燃料电池汽车包括燃料电池和动力电池,该方法通过获取关闭该燃料电池的关闭指令；然后将该燃料电池汽车由使用该燃料电池驱动切换为使用该动力电池驱动；再在该车辆切换至使用该动力电池驱动之后,执行该燃料电池的关闭程序。能够解决目前燃料电池汽车中的整车关机需要等待燃料电池关机后才能进行,使得停车关机需等待较长时间的问题。(The present disclosure relates to a power-off method, a device and a vehicle of a fuel cell automobile, which are applied to a vehicle using a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell automobile comprises a fuel cell and a power cell; then the fuel cell automobile is switched from being driven by the fuel cell to being driven by the power cell; and executing the shutdown procedure of the fuel cell after the vehicle is switched to be driven by the power battery. The problem that the whole vehicle in the existing fuel cell vehicle needs to be shut down after waiting for the shutdown of the fuel cell, so that the vehicle needs to be shut down for a long time can be solved.)

1. A power-off method for a fuel cell vehicle, applied to a vehicle using a fuel cell, the fuel cell vehicle including a fuel cell and a power cell, the method comprising:

acquiring a shutdown instruction for shutting down the fuel cell;

switching the fuel cell vehicle from being driven using the fuel cell to being driven using the power cell in response to the shut-down instruction;

executing a shut-down procedure of the fuel cell after the vehicle is switched to be driven using the power cell.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the vehicle is provided with a fuel cell mode gear that is a fuel cell powered gear and an electric only mode gear that is a power cell powered gear; the acquiring of the shutdown instruction to shut down the fuel cell includes:

and when the current gear of the vehicle is detected to be switched from the fuel cell mode gear to the pure electric mode gear, generating the closing instruction.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining a shut-down command to shut down the fuel cell includes:

acquiring a target flameout time of the vehicle;

judging whether the fuel cell closing condition is met or not according to the current time and the target flameout time;

generating the shutdown instruction when the fuel cell shutdown condition is satisfied.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the obtaining the target flameout time of the fuel cell vehicle comprises:

acquiring preset target flameout time of the vehicle;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

acquiring the current position, the preset destination position and the current speed of the vehicle;

determining the remaining travel distance of the vehicle according to the current position and the destination position;

and determining the predicted arrival time of the vehicle according to the residual travel distance and the current vehicle speed to serve as the target flameout time.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein determining whether a fuel cell shut down condition is met based on the current time and the target flameout time comprises:

acquiring a difference value between the current time and the target flameout time;

judging whether the difference value is equal to a preset time threshold value, wherein the time threshold value is determined according to the time length required for executing the closing program of the fuel cell;

when the difference is larger than the time threshold, determining that the fuel cell closing condition is not met, and continuing to execute the steps from obtaining the difference between the current time and the target flameout time to judging whether the difference is equal to a preset time threshold or not until the difference is equal to the time threshold;

determining that the fuel cell shut-down condition is satisfied when the difference is equal to the time threshold.

6. A power-off device for a fuel cell vehicle, applied to a vehicle using a fuel cell, the fuel cell vehicle including a fuel cell and a power cell, the device comprising:

the instruction acquisition module is used for acquiring a closing instruction for closing the fuel cell;

the battery switching module is used for responding to the closing instruction and switching the fuel cell automobile from being driven by the fuel cell to being driven by the power cell;

and the execution module is used for executing a shutdown program of the fuel cell after the vehicle is switched to be driven by using the power battery.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein the vehicle is provided with a fuel cell mode gear that is a fuel cell powered gear and an electric only mode gear that is a power cell powered gear; the instruction acquisition module is configured to:

and when the current gear of the vehicle is detected to be switched from the fuel cell mode gear to the pure electric mode gear, generating the closing instruction.

8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the instruction fetch module comprises:

the information acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the target flameout time of the vehicle;

the first judgment submodule is used for judging whether the fuel cell closing condition is met or not according to the current time and the target flameout time;

and the instruction generation submodule is used for generating the closing instruction when the fuel cell closing condition is met.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the information obtaining sub-module comprises:

the first information acquisition submodule is used for acquiring preset target flameout time of the vehicle;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the second information acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the current position of the vehicle, a preset destination position and the current speed;

the distance determining submodule is used for determining the remaining driving distance of the vehicle according to the current position and the destination position;

and the time determining submodule is used for determining the predicted arrival time of the vehicle according to the residual travel distance and the current vehicle speed to be used as the target flameout time.

10. A vehicle characterized by comprising the fuel cell automobile power-off device according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a power-off method and device of a fuel cell automobile and a vehicle.

Background

In a general fuel cell automobile, the whole automobile can be powered off after the fuel cell shutdown program is finished. When the fuel cell is shut down, the system needs to provide 6kW high-voltage electricity for the air compressor to perform internal purging on the fuel cell, so that residual water vapor, water drops or hydrogen in the fuel cell system is cleaned, meanwhile, the fuel cell needs to perform system power off for about 4-10min, and the process also has high-voltage electricity, so that the high-voltage connection cannot be immediately interrupted when the fuel cell is shut down, and a waiting period of 4-10min is needed. Therefore, in the using process of a user, when the user needs to get off and shut down, the user often has to wait for about 4-10min in the car until the key can not be pulled out to get off and leave the cabin after the shutdown signal is fed back; if the user pulls out the key without waiting for the shutdown signal feedback or moves out of the cabin without pulling out the key, the fuel cell with high cost will cause great loss. In addition, if a user touches the vehicle body in the process of waiting for parking and shutdown, the vehicle still has high voltage, so that the potential hazard of high voltage electric shock exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a power-off method, a power-off device and a vehicle of a fuel cell vehicle, which are used for solving the problems that the whole vehicle shutdown of the current fuel cell vehicle needs to wait for a long time and has potential safety hazards in the waiting process because the whole vehicle shutdown can be carried out only after the fuel cell is shut down.

In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a power-off method of a fuel cell vehicle applied to a vehicle using a fuel cell, the fuel cell vehicle including a fuel cell and a power cell, the method including:

acquiring a shutdown instruction for shutting down the fuel cell;

switching the fuel cell vehicle from being driven using the fuel cell to being driven using the power cell in response to the shut-down instruction;

executing a shut-down procedure of the fuel cell after the vehicle is switched to be driven using the power cell.

Optionally, the vehicle is provided with a fuel cell mode gear and an electric only mode gear, the fuel cell mode gear is a gear driven by using a fuel cell, and the electric only mode gear is a gear driven by using a power cell; the acquiring of the shutdown instruction to shut down the fuel cell includes:

and when the current gear of the vehicle is detected to be switched from the fuel cell mode gear to the pure electric mode gear, generating the closing instruction.

Optionally, the obtaining of the shutdown instruction to shut down the fuel cell includes:

acquiring a target flameout time of the vehicle;

judging whether the fuel cell closing condition is met or not according to the current time and the target flameout time;

generating the shutdown instruction when the fuel cell shutdown condition is satisfied.

Optionally, the acquiring the target flameout time of the fuel cell vehicle includes:

acquiring preset target flameout time of the vehicle;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

acquiring the current position, the preset destination position and the current speed of the vehicle;

determining the remaining travel distance of the vehicle according to the current position and the destination position;

and determining the predicted arrival time of the vehicle according to the residual travel distance and the current vehicle speed to serve as the target flameout time.

Optionally, the determining whether the fuel cell shutdown condition is satisfied according to the current time and the target flameout time includes:

acquiring a difference value between the current time and the target flameout time;

judging whether the difference value is equal to a preset time threshold value, wherein the time threshold value is determined according to the time length required for executing the closing program of the fuel cell;

when the difference is larger than the time threshold, determining that the fuel cell closing condition is not met, and continuing to execute the steps from obtaining the difference between the current time and the target flameout time to judging whether the difference is equal to a preset time threshold or not until the difference is equal to the time threshold;

determining that the fuel cell shut-down condition is satisfied when the difference is equal to the time threshold.

In a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a power-off device of a fuel cell automobile applied to a vehicle using a fuel cell, the fuel cell automobile including a fuel cell and a power cell, the device including:

the instruction acquisition module is used for acquiring a closing instruction for closing the fuel cell;

the battery switching module is used for responding to the closing instruction and switching the fuel cell automobile from being driven by the fuel cell to being driven by the power cell;

and the execution module is used for executing a shutdown program of the fuel cell after the vehicle is switched to be driven by using the power battery.

Optionally, the vehicle is provided with a fuel cell mode gear and an electric only mode gear, the fuel cell mode gear is a gear driven by using a fuel cell, and the electric only mode gear is a gear driven by using a power cell; the instruction acquisition module is configured to:

and when the current gear of the vehicle is detected to be switched from the fuel cell mode gear to the pure electric mode gear, generating the closing instruction.

Optionally, the instruction obtaining module includes:

the information acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the target flameout time of the vehicle;

the first judgment submodule is used for judging whether the fuel cell closing condition is met or not according to the current time and the target flameout time;

and the instruction generation submodule is used for generating the closing instruction when the fuel cell closing condition is met.

Optionally, the information obtaining sub-module includes:

the first information acquisition submodule is used for acquiring preset target flameout time of the vehicle;

alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the second information acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the current position of the vehicle, a preset destination position and the current speed;

the distance determining submodule is used for determining the remaining driving distance of the vehicle according to the current position and the destination position;

and the time determining submodule is used for determining the predicted arrival time of the vehicle according to the residual travel distance and the current vehicle speed to be used as the target flameout time.

Optionally, the first determining sub-module includes:

the difference value obtaining submodule is used for obtaining the difference value between the current time and the target flameout time;

a second determining submodule, configured to determine whether the difference is equal to a preset time threshold, where the time threshold is determined according to a time period required for executing a shutdown procedure of the fuel cell; when the difference is larger than the time threshold, determining that the fuel cell closing condition is not met, and continuing to execute the steps from obtaining the difference between the current time and the target flameout time to judging whether the difference is equal to a preset time threshold or not until the difference is equal to the time threshold; and determining that the fuel cell shut-down condition is satisfied when the difference is equal to the time threshold.

In a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a vehicle including the power-off device of the fuel cell automobile described above.

Through the technical scheme, before the fuel cell car need park, through will the fuel cell car is by using the fuel cell drive switches over for using power battery drive makes fuel cell close the procedure in advance to can realize that the fuel cell user has accomplished fuel cell's shut-down procedure in advance when getting off the bus and shut down, consequently need not wait specially again and just can put in order the car after the fuel cell shuts down, thereby not only can reduce the user latency when getting off the bus and shut down, also avoid waiting for the potential safety hazard that the fuel cell in-process exists, consequently can improve the user and embody, also can improve the security.

Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary method of powering down a fuel cell vehicle according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method of obtaining a shutdown command to shut down the fuel cell according to one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method of obtaining a target flameout time for the fuel cell vehicle according to one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another exemplary illustrated method of powering down a fuel cell vehicle according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a power-off device of a fuel cell vehicle according to another exemplary illustration of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an instruction fetch module according to another exemplary illustration of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an information acquisition sub-module according to another exemplary illustration of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a first decision submodule, shown schematically in accordance with another example of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle shown in another example of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.

Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a power-off method of a fuel cell vehicle according to an example of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 1, the method being applied to a vehicle using a fuel cell, the fuel cell vehicle including a fuel cell and a power cell, the method including the steps of:

in step 101, a shutdown command for shutting down the fuel cell is obtained.

For example, a Vehicle Controller VCU (Vehicle Controller Unit) of a Fuel cell Vehicle parses received CAN (Controller Area Network) information with power-off of a Fuel cell, thereby generating corresponding CAN information with the shutdown command, and sends the CAN information to a Fuel cell Controller FCU (Fuel cell Controller).

And 102, responding to the closing instruction, and switching the fuel cell automobile from the fuel cell driving to the power cell driving.

And 103, executing a shutdown procedure of the fuel cell after the vehicle is switched to be driven by using the power battery.

For example, after the vehicle control unit VCU of the fuel cell vehicle acquires a shutdown command for shutting down the fuel cell, the fuel cell vehicle is switched from being driven by the fuel cell to being driven by the power cell, and then a shutdown procedure of the fuel cell is executed. The program may include: the VCU sends a fuel cell power-off signal to the fuel cell controller FCU, and after receiving the corresponding power-off signal, the fuel cell controller FCU controls the fuel cell system and the hydrogen system to execute a fuel cell power-off program and sends a feedback signal to the VCU of the vehicle control unit after the power-off program is finished. In the shutdown process of the fuel cell, a power battery in a fuel cell automobile provides 6KW high-voltage electricity for an air compressor to perform internal purging on the fuel cell, so that residual water vapor, water drops or hydrogen in the system is cleaned out to help the fuel cell to complete the shutdown procedure, and the power battery supplies power to a whole automobile system. In addition, the electric energy stored in the power battery is the accumulation of residual electric energy of the fuel battery in the process of supplying power to the whole vehicle.

According to the technical scheme, after the closing instruction for closing the fuel cell is obtained, the fuel cell automobile is switched from the fuel cell driving mode to the power cell driving mode, and then the fuel cell is subjected to a shutdown program. The power battery can replace the fuel battery to supply power for the whole vehicle system, so that the fuel battery enters a shutdown state in advance, waiting time of a user during getting off and shutdown can be reduced, physical examination feeling of the user of the fuel vehicle is improved, and high-voltage potential safety hazards of getting off of the fuel battery vehicle can be reduced.

Optionally, the vehicle is provided with a fuel cell mode gear, which is a gear driven using a fuel cell, and an electric-only mode gear, which is a gear driven using a power cell; the obtaining of the shutdown instruction to shut down the fuel cell in step 101 may include:

the closing command is generated when it is detected that the current gear of the vehicle is switched from the fuel cell mode gear to the electric-only mode gear.

For example, the vehicle control unit VCU of the fuel cell vehicle generates corresponding CAN information by analyzing the shift information of the fuel cell vehicle shifted from the fuel cell mode shift to the pure electric mode shift, and sends the CAN information to the fuel cell controller FCU, so that the fuel cell controller FCU controls to execute a corresponding shutdown procedure.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method of obtaining a shut-down command to shut down the fuel cell according to the present disclosure, and referring to fig. 2, the obtaining of the shut-down command to shut down the fuel cell in the step 101 includes:

in step 1011, the target flameout time of the vehicle is obtained.

For example, the target flameout time may be a few minutes in real time, or may be a period of time, for example, a 5 minute later parking flameout or a beijing 20 am flameout parking at 11 am.

Step 1012, determining whether the fuel cell shutdown condition is satisfied according to the current time and the target flameout time.

Illustratively, it is determined whether the current time is 20 am, beijing, or whether the current time is 5 minutes away from the target flameout time.

Step 1013, when the fuel cell shutdown condition is satisfied, generating the shutdown instruction.

The shutdown command may be, for example, CAN information containing a power down command.

Optionally, in an implementation, the obtaining of the target flameout time of the vehicle in step 1011 may include: and acquiring the preset target flameout time of the vehicle.

For example, a timer can be provided on the vehicle control unit VCU, on which a time ready for a switch-off is predefined.

Or, in another implementation, the target flameout time may be determined according to the vehicle location, so as to implement the early shutdown of the fuel cell based on the location, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining the target flameout time of the fuel cell vehicle according to an exemplary illustration of the present disclosure, and referring to fig. 3, the step 1011 of obtaining the target flameout time of the fuel cell vehicle includes:

step 10111, obtaining the current position of the vehicle, the preset destination position and the current vehicle speed.

The present position and the present vehicle speed of the vehicle are located by an onboard GPS (Global Positioning System) and transmitted as CAN information to a vehicle control unit VCU of the fuel cell automobile, an electronic map is loaded on the vehicle, a destination address is input on the electronic map, and the destination address information is transmitted as CAN information to the vehicle control unit VCU.

Step 10112, determining the remaining distance traveled by the vehicle based on the current location and the destination location.

For example, the vehicle control unit VCU of the fuel cell vehicle obtains the remaining travel distance of the vehicle by analyzing the current position of the vehicle and the destination address information. The remaining driving distance is not a straight distance between the current position of the vehicle and the destination, but a distance between roads traveled by the vehicle from the current position to the destination, and may be determined based on the current position of the vehicle and the destination address information, and an actual driving route of the vehicle.

Step 10113, determining the estimated arrival time of the vehicle according to the remaining driving distance and the current vehicle speed as the target flameout time.

For example, the vehicle control unit VCU of the fuel cell vehicle may determine the remaining travel time of the vehicle according to the remaining travel distance information and the current vehicle speed information of the vehicle, and may determine the predicted arrival time by combining the current time, so as to obtain the target flameout time.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating another power-off method of a fuel cell vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 4, the determining whether the fuel cell shutdown condition is satisfied according to the current time and the target flameout time in step 1012 includes:

step 10121, obtain the difference between the current time and the target flameout time.

In step 10122, it is determined whether the difference is equal to a predetermined time threshold, which is determined according to a time period required for performing the shut-down procedure of the fuel cell.

Illustratively, a typical fuel cell shut-down procedure takes 4-10 minutes, and the time threshold is determined to be 4, 6, 8, or 10 minutes, etc., depending on the time required for the particular vehicle fuel cell shut-down procedure. Alternatively, the time threshold may be set to be greater than or equal to the maximum time required for the battery shut-down procedure, for example, if the fuel cell shut-down procedure takes 4-10 minutes, the time threshold may be set to 10 minutes or 11 minutes, so that it can be ensured that the fuel cell has completed the shut-down procedure when the vehicle reaches the destination to shut down.

Step 10123, when the difference is greater than the time threshold, determining that the fuel cell shut-down condition is not satisfied, and continuing to perform the steps of step 10121 to step 10121 until the difference is equal to the time threshold.

In step 10124, it is determined that the fuel cell shut-down condition is satisfied when the difference is equal to the time threshold.

According to the technical scheme, the target flameout time of the vehicle is obtained, whether the fuel cell shutdown condition is met or not is judged according to the current time and the target flameout time or the gear switching information is analyzed, and the shutdown instruction for shutting down the fuel cell is generated, so that the shutdown program is performed in advance before the fuel vehicle arrives at the destination or the target flameout time, and the technical problem that when a vehicle user wants to get off and shut down, the fuel cell is not shut down and needs to wait, and the user experience is not smooth can be solved more effectively.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a power-off device of a fuel cell vehicle according to another exemplary illustration of the present disclosure, and referring to fig. 5, a power-off device of a fuel cell vehicle 500 is applied to a vehicle using a fuel cell, the fuel cell vehicle including a fuel cell and a power cell, the device 500 includes:

the instruction acquisition module 501 is configured to acquire a shutdown instruction for shutting down the fuel cell.

And a battery switching module 502 for switching the fuel cell vehicle from being driven by the fuel cell to being driven by the power cell in response to the shutdown instruction.

An execution module 503 is configured to execute a shutdown procedure of the fuel cell after the vehicle is switched to be driven by the power battery.

According to the technical scheme, after the instruction acquisition module acquires the closing instruction for closing the fuel cell, the fuel cell automobile is switched from the driving of the fuel cell to the driving of the power cell, so that the fuel cell executes a shutdown program. The power battery can replace the fuel battery to supply power for the whole vehicle system, so that the fuel battery can enter a shutdown state in advance, waiting time of a user during getting off and shutdown can be reduced, physical examination feeling of the user of the fuel vehicle is improved, and high-voltage potential safety hazards of getting off of the fuel battery vehicle can be reduced.

Optionally, the vehicle is provided with a fuel cell mode gear, which is a gear driven using a fuel cell, and an electric-only mode gear, which is a gear driven using a power cell; the instruction obtaining module 501 is configured to:

the closing command is generated when it is detected that the current gear of the vehicle is switched from the fuel cell mode gear to the electric-only mode gear.

Further, fig. 6 is a block diagram of an instruction obtaining module according to another exemplary illustration of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 6, the instruction obtaining module 501 includes:

the information acquisition submodule 5011 is used for acquiring the target flameout time of the vehicle;

a first determination submodule 5012 for determining whether the fuel cell shutdown condition is satisfied based on the current time and the target key-off time;

the instruction generation submodule 5013 generates the shutdown instruction when the fuel cell shutdown condition is satisfied.

Optionally, the information obtaining submodule 5011 includes a first information obtaining submodule, configured to obtain a preset target flameout time of the vehicle.

Further, fig. 7 is a block diagram of an information acquisition submodule according to another exemplary illustration of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 7, the information acquisition submodule 5011 includes:

a second information obtaining submodule 50111 for obtaining a current position, a preset destination position, and a current vehicle speed of the vehicle;

a distance determination submodule 50112 for determining a remaining travel distance of the vehicle based on the current position and the destination position;

the time determination submodule 50113 is configured to determine the predicted arrival time of the vehicle according to the remaining driving distance and the current vehicle speed as the target flameout time.

Further, fig. 8 is a block diagram of a first determination submodule according to another exemplary illustration of the present disclosure, referring to fig. 8, the first determination submodule 5012 includes:

a difference obtaining submodule 50121, configured to obtain a difference between the current time and the target flameout time;

a second determination submodule 50122 for determining whether the difference is equal to a preset time threshold, the time threshold being determined according to a time period required for performing the shut-down procedure of the fuel cell; when the difference is larger than the time threshold, determining that the fuel cell closing condition is not met, and continuing to execute the step from obtaining the difference between the current time and the target flameout time to judging whether the difference is equal to a preset time threshold or not until the difference is equal to the time threshold; and determining that the fuel cell shut-down condition is satisfied when the difference is equal to the time threshold.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a vehicle exemplarily shown in another embodiment of the present disclosure, and referring to fig. 9, the vehicle includes a power-off device of the fuel cell automobile described in any one of fig. 5 to 8.

According to the technical scheme, the target flameout time of the vehicle is obtained through the information obtaining submodule, the first judging submodule judges whether the closing condition of the fuel cell is met or the gear switching information is obtained through analysis according to the current time and the target flameout time, and then the closing instruction for closing the fuel cell is generated through the instruction generating submodule, so that the fuel cell is shut down in advance before reaching the destination or the target flameout time, and the technical problem that the user experience is not smooth due to the fact that the fuel cell is not shut down yet and needs to wait when a vehicle user wants to get off the vehicle and shut down can be solved more effectively.

Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.