阅读说明：本技术 一种以海带残渣和芽孢杆菌为原料的生物肥料的制备方法及应用 (Preparation method and application of biofertilizer prepared from kelp residues and bacillus ) 是由 李义强 袁源 张成省 王晓强 邹平 耿玉亭 周金辉 于 2019-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种以海带残渣和芽孢杆菌为原料的生物肥料的制备方法,属于生物肥料制备技术领域,包括以下步骤：1)将海带残渣与水混合后进行微波处理,将得到的微波处理物离心,得到第一滤渣和第一清液,将所述第一清液离心,得到第二清液和第二滤渣,将所述第二清液冷冻干燥,得到海带残渣降解物；2)将所述步骤1)得到的海带残渣降解物溶于水,接种芽孢杆菌后进行发酵,得到生物肥料。本发明以海带残渣和芽孢杆菌为原料来制备生物肥料,生物肥料能够促进植物的生长,并且能够防治植物病害。(The invention provides a preparation method of a biofertilizer taking kelp residue and bacillus as raw materials, belonging to the technical field of biofertilizer preparation and comprising the following steps: 1) mixing the kelp residue with water, performing microwave treatment, centrifuging the obtained microwave treatment product to obtain a first filter residue and a first clear liquid, centrifuging the first clear liquid to obtain a second clear liquid and a second filter residue, and freeze-drying the second clear liquid to obtain a kelp residue degradation product; 2) dissolving the degraded kelp residue obtained in the step 1) in water, inoculating bacillus, and fermenting to obtain the biofertilizer. The invention takes kelp residue and bacillus as raw materials to prepare the biological fertilizer, and the biological fertilizer can promote the growth of plants and can prevent and treat plant diseases.)

1. A preparation method of a biofertilizer taking kelp residue and bacillus as raw materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) mixing the kelp residue with water, performing microwave treatment, centrifuging the obtained microwave treatment product to obtain a first filter residue and a first clear liquid, centrifuging the first clear liquid to obtain a second clear liquid and a second filter residue, and freeze-drying the second clear liquid to obtain a kelp residue degradation product;

2) dissolving the degraded kelp residue obtained in the step 1) in water, inoculating bacillus, and fermenting to obtain the biofertilizer.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Bacillus of step 2) comprises Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the mass of the kelp residue in the step 1) to the volume of water is (1 to 5) g to (10 to 50) ml.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the microwave treatment conditions of step 1) include: the temperature of the microwave treatment is 150-200 ℃, the power of the microwave treatment is 800-1200W, and the time of the microwave treatment is 10-30 min.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the conditions for centrifugation in step 1) comprise: the rotating speed of the centrifugation is 9000-11000 rpm, and the time of the centrifugation is 15-25 min.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bacillus is inoculated with a bacillus solution, and the OD of the bacillus solution₆₀₀The value is 0.1 to 0.5.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the mass ratio of the degraded product of the kelp residue to the volume of the Bacillus subtilis solution is (1-5) g to (1-5) ml.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the conditions for the fermentation in step 2) include: the fermentation time is 90-150 h, the fermentation temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the fermentation rotating speed is 150-200 rpm.

9. Use of the biofertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for promoting plant growth.

10. Use of the biofertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for controlling plant diseases.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a biological fertilizer taking kelp residue and bacillus as raw materials.

Background

China is a traditional big agricultural country, and agriculture occupies a very important position in national production. The modern agricultural technology promotes the rapid development of agricultural production, and the popularization of chemical fertilizers enables the agricultural production to obtain great economic benefits. In recent years, the problems of environmental pollution, soil hardening, soil fertility decline, ecological deterioration and the like caused by using a large amount of fertilizers are increasingly serious, the environment is damaged, the soil fertility is influenced, and the quality of agricultural products is reduced. In order to realize sustainable development of agriculture and achieve the aims of high yield, high quality, ecology and safety, the development of economic and efficient natural fertilizers is of great significance.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a biofertilizer prepared from kelp residue and bacillus.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a preparation method of a biofertilizer taking kelp residue and bacillus as raw materials, which comprises the following steps:

1) mixing the kelp residue with water, performing microwave treatment, centrifuging the obtained microwave treatment product to obtain a first filter residue and a first clear liquid, centrifuging the first clear liquid to obtain a second clear liquid and a second filter residue, and freeze-drying the second clear liquid to obtain a kelp residue degradation product;

2) dissolving the degraded kelp residue obtained in the step 1) in water, inoculating bacillus, and fermenting to obtain the biofertilizer.

Preferably, the bacillus of step 2) comprises bacillus subtilis and/or bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

Preferably, the volume ratio of the mass of the kelp residue in the step 1) to the volume of water is (1-5) g to (10-50) ml.

Preferably, the microwave treatment conditions in step 1) include: the temperature of the microwave treatment is 150-200 ℃, the power of the microwave treatment is 800-1200W, and the time of the microwave treatment is 10-30 min.

Preferably, the centrifugation conditions of step 1) include: the rotating speed of the centrifugation is 9000-11000 rpm, and the time of the centrifugation is 15-25 min.

Preferably, the bacillus is inoculated by a bacillus liquid, and the OD of the bacillus liquid₆₀₀The value is 0.1 to 0.5.

Preferably, the volume ratio of the mass of the kelp residue degradation product to the bacillus liquid is (1-5) g to (1-5) ml.

Preferably, the fermentation conditions of step 2) include: the fermentation time is 90-150 h, the fermentation temperature is 25-30 ℃, and the fermentation rotating speed is 150-200 rpm.

The invention also provides application of the biological fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in promoting plant growth.

The invention also provides application of the biological fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in plant disease control.

The invention provides a preparation method of a biofertilizer taking kelp residue and bacillus as raw materials, which comprises the following steps: 1) mixing the kelp residue with water, performing microwave treatment, centrifuging the obtained microwave treatment product to obtain a first filter residue and a first clear liquid, centrifuging the first clear liquid to obtain a second clear liquid and a second filter residue, and freeze-drying the second clear liquid to obtain a kelp residue degradation product; 2) dissolving the degraded kelp residue obtained in the step 1) in water, inoculating bacillus, and fermenting to obtain the biofertilizer. The invention takes kelp residue and bacillus as raw materials to prepare the biological fertilizer, and the biological fertilizer can promote the growth of plants and can prevent and treat plant diseases.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the growth promotion results of the bio-fertilizer of example 1, wherein LJW + C is the bio-fertilizer prepared from Enteromorpha prolifera and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and NTC is the control;

FIG. 2 is the growth promotion result of the bio-fertilizer of example 1, wherein LJW + T is the bio-fertilizer prepared by using Enteromorpha prolifera and Bacillus subtilis as raw materials, and NTC is a control;

FIG. 3 shows the results of preventing plant diseases in the biofertilizer of example 2, wherein LJW + C is a biofertilizer prepared from Enteromorpha and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as raw materials, and NTC is a control;

fig. 4 shows the results of preventing plant diseases by the biofertilizer of example 2, wherein LJW + T is the biofertilizer prepared from enteromorpha and bacillus subtilis, and NTC is the control.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a preparation method of a biofertilizer taking kelp residue and bacillus as raw materials, which comprises the following steps:

1) mixing the kelp residue with water, performing microwave treatment, centrifuging the obtained microwave treatment product to obtain a first filter residue and a first clear liquid, centrifuging the first clear liquid to obtain a second clear liquid and a second filter residue, and freeze-drying the second clear liquid to obtain a kelp residue degradation product;

2) dissolving the degraded kelp residue obtained in the step 1) in water, inoculating bacillus, and fermenting to obtain the biofertilizer.

Mixing kelp residue with water, performing microwave treatment, centrifuging the obtained microwave treatment product to obtain a first filter residue and a first clear liquid, centrifuging the first clear liquid to obtain a second clear liquid and a second filter residue, and freeze-drying the second clear liquid to obtain a kelp residue degradation product.

In the invention, the kelp residue is preferably residue left after iodine and sodium alginate are extracted from kelp.

In the present invention, the ratio of the mass of the kelp residue to the volume of water is preferably (1 to 5) g to (10 to 50) ml, and more preferably (2 to 4) g to (20 to 40) ml.

In the present invention, the conditions of the microwave treatment preferably include: the temperature of the microwave treatment is preferably 150-200 ℃, and more preferably 160-180 ℃; the power of the microwave treatment is preferably 800-1200W, and more preferably 900-1100W; the time of the microwave treatment is preferably 10-30 min, and more preferably 15-25 min. The invention degrades the kelp residue through microwave treatment.

In the invention, the centrifugation is preferably carried out when the temperature of the microwave treatment object is 50-70 ℃, and the centrifugation conditions preferably comprise: the rotation speed of the centrifugation is preferably 9000-11000 rpm, and more preferably 10000 rpm; the time for centrifugation is preferably 15-25 min, and more preferably 20 min. In the present invention, the centrifugation removes solid matter of the kelp residue.

The time for freeze-drying the second clear liquid is not particularly limited, and the conventional freeze-drying condition is adopted. In the present invention, the obtained degraded kelp residue is preferably stored at-20 ℃.

The invention dissolves the kelp residue degradation product in water, inoculates bacillus and then ferments to obtain the biological fertilizer.

In the present invention, the bacillus preferably includes bacillus subtilis and/or bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and when the bacillus includes bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, they are mixed in an arbitrary number ratio. In the invention, the bacillus subtilis is preferably bacillus subtilis Tbp55 with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 2853; the bacillus amyloliquefaciens is preferably bacillus amyloliquefaciens Cas02 with the preservation number of CGMCC NO. 15514. In the present invention, the bacillus ferments the degraded kelp residue.

In the present invention, the volume ratio of the mass of the degraded product of kelp residue to water is preferably (1 to 5) g to (0.1 to 2) L, and more preferably (2 to 3) g to (0.8 to 1.5) L.

In the present invention, the bacillus is preferably inoculated with a bacillus solution, the OD of which₆₀₀The value is preferably 0.1 to 0.5, more preferably 0.3. In the present invention, the preparation of the bacillus liquid preferably includes: inoculating Bacillus in LB liquid culture medium, culturing, diluting the obtained culture solution, and measuring OD₆₀₀The value is 0.1 to 0.5. The LB liquid culture medium is not particularly limited, and the conventional LB liquid culture medium can be adopted. In the invention, the culture temperature is preferably 25-30 ℃, and the culture time is preferably 20-30 h.

In the present invention, the conditions of the fermentation preferably include: the fermentation time is preferably 90-150 h, and more preferably 110-130 h; the fermentation temperature is preferably 25-30 ℃; the rotation speed of the fermentation is preferably 150-200 rpm, and more preferably 160-180 rpm.

In the invention, the biological fertilizer is a liquid fertilizer, the content of laminarin in the liquid fertilizer is 1-3 g/L, and the number of bacillus is 1 multiplied by 10¹⁰～10¹¹And (2) per liter.

The invention also provides application of the biological fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in promoting plant growth.

The invention also provides application of the biological fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in plant disease control.

In the present invention, the plant preferably includes pepper, tobacco, eggplant or cucumber.

In the present invention, the plant disease preferably includes a pepper bacterial wilt.

In the invention, the use method of the biological fertilizer is preferably 15-25 ml, preferably 20ml, of the biological fertilizer used for each plant, and the use method is root irrigation.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.