阅读说明：本技术 一种污泥炭高效降解猪粪中抗生素的方法 (Method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using sludge charcoal ) 是由 潘高尚 董滨 肖婷婷 于 2019-10-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种污泥炭高效降解猪粪中抗生素的方法,包括以下步骤：取污水处理厂含有三氯化铁调理剂的污泥,将污泥脱水后进行干化,然后将干化后的污泥进行高温热解,冷却后进行粉碎,得污泥炭颗粒；取农作废弃物与新鲜的猪粪、污泥炭颗粒混合,碳氮比控制在20-30：1,含水量控制在45-50％,投入废铁屑,得堆肥混合物料；将堆肥混合物料平铺在堆肥发酵池中,在自然通风的条件下进行堆肥发酵。本发明能够解决污泥堆肥中抗生素降解率低的问题,实现“以废治废”高效降解猪粪中的多种残留抗生素。(The invention discloses a method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using sludge charcoal, which comprises the following steps: taking sludge containing a ferric trichloride conditioner in a sewage treatment plant, dehydrating the sludge, drying, performing high-temperature pyrolysis on the dried sludge, cooling, and crushing to obtain sludge carbon particles; mixing the farming waste with fresh pig manure and sludge carbon particles, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled to be 20-30: 1, controlling the water content at 45-50%, and adding waste scrap iron to obtain a compost mixed material; and (3) flatly paving the compost mixture in a compost fermentation tank, and performing compost fermentation under the condition of natural ventilation. The method can solve the problem of low degradation rate of antibiotics in sludge compost, and realizes the high-efficiency degradation of various residual antibiotics in pig manure by using waste to treat waste.)

1. A method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using sludge charcoal is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) taking sludge containing a ferric trichloride conditioner in a sewage treatment plant, dehydrating the sludge, drying, performing high-temperature pyrolysis on the dried sludge, cooling, and crushing to obtain sludge carbon particles;

(2) mixing the farming waste with fresh pig manure and sludge carbon particles, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled to be 20-30: 1, controlling the water content at 45-50%, and adding waste scrap iron to obtain a compost mixed material;

(3) and (3) flatly paving the compost mixture in a compost fermentation tank, and performing compost fermentation under the condition of natural ventilation.

2. The method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using charcoal sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dehydration is to send the sludge to a dehydrator to dehydrate the sludge until the water content of the sludge is reduced to 50% -55%.

3. The method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using the sludge charcoal as the raw material according to claim 1, wherein the drying is to send the dewatered sludge to a dryer to dry until the water content of the sludge is reduced to 28-32%.

4. The method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using the sludge charcoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-temperature pyrolysis is to convey the dried sludge to a pyrolysis furnace and pyrolyze the dried sludge for 0.5h at 900 ℃.

5. The method for efficiently degrading the antibiotics in the pig manure by using the sludge carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crop waste is a mixture of crushed corn straws, rice straws and edible fungus waste.

6. The method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using the peat as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ratio of the corn straws to the rice straws to the edible fungus waste is 1:1: 1.

7. The method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using the charcoal sludge as claimed in claim 5, wherein the crushing length of the corn straw and the rice straw is 1-3cm, and the crushing particle size of the edible fungus waste is 1-3 cm.

8. The method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using the sludge carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crushed particle size of the sludge carbon particles is 0.3-0.5 cm.

9. The method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using sludge carbon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the agricultural waste to the fresh pig manure to the sludge carbon particles is 1:3:1-1:5:1, and the weight of the waste scrap iron is 0.05-0.1% of the total weight of the agricultural waste, the fresh pig manure and the sludge carbon particles.

10. The method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using the sludge charcoal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the composting fermentation comprises the following steps:

(1) a temperature rise period: spreading the compost mixture in a compost fermentation tank for fermentation, entering a heating period, wherein the heating period is 2-5 days, and turning the compost once every 36h in the heating period;

(2) high temperature period: the temperature of the stack body is between 55 and 65 ℃, the high temperature period is 9 to 12 days, and the stack turning is carried out every 24 hours in the high temperature period;

(3) a cooling period: the temperature of the stack is reduced from 55 ℃ until the temperature of the stack is the same as the ambient temperature, and the stack is turned once every 48h in the temperature reduction period.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of livestock and poultry manure treatment, in particular to a method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using sludge carbon.

Background

As a big agricultural country, China rapidly develops the animal husbandry, and then generates a large amount of livestock and poultry manure. Driven by economic interest, antibiotics are used in increasing amounts as feed additives for the prevention and treatment of some diseases in animals and for the acceleration of animal growth, and the abuse of antibiotics is more serious than in other countries. However, the antibiotics which participate in animal metabolism and are effectively utilized only account for a small part, and most of the antibiotics are discharged from the body of animals in the form of raw materials to soil and water environment, so that the antibiotics in the animal manure are degraded economically and effectively, which is an environmental problem to be solved urgently. At present, most of antibiotics with high content remained in livestock and poultry manure are degraded only by high-temperature compost, but the treatment period of the method is long, the degradation of the antibiotics is not complete enough, and the degradation rate is low.

With the acceleration of the foot pace of the urbanization in China, the sewage treatment facilities in cities and towns are improved, but the problem of sludge treatment and disposal is caused. The sludge has high water content, so that land for sludge treatment and landfill and transportation cost are increased, and ferric trichloride is used as an effective sludge dewatering conditioner in a large amount, so that a large amount of ferric trichloride is remained in the dewatered sludge, is a strong oxidant, and has a good oxidation effect. In addition, the scrap iron is a cheap industrial production waste material, the surface of the scrap iron is in contact with air and oxidized to form a thin oxide layer, zero-valent iron is arranged in the oxide layer, the content of the zero-valent iron is more than 99.50%, the surface of zero-valent iron particles in the scrap iron has a plurality of catalytic reaction points, and various toxic and harmful pollutants can be reduced and removed.

According to the research background, the invention innovatively provides the method for preparing sludge carbon by using dewatered sludge and combining waste scrap iron as compost auxiliary materials based on the characteristics of the dewatered sludge so as to solve the problem of low degradation rate of antibiotics in sludge compost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using sludge charcoal, which aims to solve the problem of low degradation rate of antibiotics in sludge compost and realize the efficient degradation of various residual antibiotics in pig manure by using waste to treat waste.

A method for efficiently degrading antibiotics in pig manure by using sludge charcoal is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) taking sludge containing a ferric trichloride conditioner in a sewage treatment plant, dehydrating the sludge, drying, performing high-temperature pyrolysis on the dried sludge, cooling, and crushing to obtain sludge carbon particles;

(2) mixing the farming waste with fresh pig manure and sludge carbon particles, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled to be 20-30: 1, controlling the water content at 45-50%, and adding waste scrap iron to obtain a compost mixed material;

(3) and (3) flatly paving the compost mixture in a compost fermentation tank, and performing compost fermentation under the condition of natural ventilation.

Further, the sludge is sent to a dehydrator for dehydration until the water content of the sludge is reduced to 50-55%.

Further, the drying is to send the dewatered sludge to a dryer to be dried until the moisture content of the sludge is reduced to 28-32%.

Further, the high-temperature pyrolysis is to convey the dried sludge to a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis for 0.5h at 900 ℃.

Furthermore, the crop waste is a mixture of crushed corn straws, rice straws and edible fungus waste.

Further, the proportion of the corn straws, the rice straws and the edible fungus waste materials is 1:1: 1.

Furthermore, the crushing length of the corn straws and the rice straws is 1-3cm, and the crushing grain size of the edible fungus waste is 1-3 cm.

Furthermore, the crushed grain size of the peat particles is 0.3-0.5 cm.

Further, the proportion of the agricultural waste, the fresh pig manure and the sludge carbon particles is 1:3:1-1:5:1, and the weight of the waste scrap iron is 0.05-0.1% of the total weight of the agricultural waste, the fresh pig manure and the sludge carbon particles.

Further, the composting fermentation comprises:

(1) a temperature rise period: spreading the compost mixture in a compost fermentation tank for fermentation, entering a heating period, wherein the heating period is 2-5 days, and turning the compost once every 36h in the heating period;

(2) high temperature period: the temperature of the stack body is between 55 and 65 ℃, the high temperature period is 9 to 12 days, and the stack turning is carried out every 24 hours in the high temperature period;

(3) a cooling period: the temperature of the stack is reduced from 55 ℃ until the temperature of the stack is the same as the ambient temperature, and the stack is turned once every 48h in the temperature reduction period.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the sludge carbon particles are porous and loose, are light, have large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity, have good adsorbability, and can effectively adsorb odor generated in the composting process and improve the treatment environment.

2. The invention fully utilizes the agricultural wastes of corn straw, rice straw and edible fungus waste as carbon source auxiliary materials of compost, so that the crop wastes can be recycled.

3. According to the invention, fresh pig manure is mixed, sludge carbon particles and cheap waste scrap iron are added to carry out composting fermentation treatment on the pig manure, ferric trichloride with oxidizability and zero-valent iron with reducibility in the pig manure are respectively utilized to accelerate the composting process, and broad-spectrum antibiotics with higher concentration in the pig manure are rapidly degraded.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of the removal rates of tetracycline, norfloxacin and sulfamethoxazole in pig manure between example 1 and comparative examples 1, 2 and 3.

Detailed Description