阅读说明：本技术 一种用于室内水培的生菜通用营养液及其制备方法和用途 (Lettuce universal nutrient solution for indoor water culture and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 龚化勤 何舒雅 于 2019-10-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于室内水培的生菜通用营养液及其制备方法和用途,所述营养液营养成分包括氮6.0-8.5mmol/L,钾4.0-6.0mmol/L,磷0.4-1.0mmol/L,钙0.8-1.8mmol/L,镁0.6-1.0mmol/L,铁0.03-0.07mmol/L,锰0.006-0.036mmol/L,铜0.0001-0.0003mmol/L,硼0.018-0.05mmol/L,锌0.007-0.03mmol/L,钼0.0002-0.0004mmol/L,硫0.7-1.0mmol/L,氯0-0.007mmol/L,其中,含有氮元素的原料包括NH<Sub>4</Sub><Sup>+</Sup>-N和NO<Sub>3</Sub>-N,且NH<Sub>4</Sub><Sup>+</Sup>-N/NO<Sub>3</Sub><Sup>-</Sup>-N值为0.04-0.08。本发明通过采用合适的铵硝比,使得生菜生长更快,营养液pH值更稳定,生菜焦心情况缓解。(The invention discloses a lettuce general nutrient solution for indoor water culture and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein nutrient components of the nutrient solution comprise 6.0-8.5mmol/L of nitrogen, 4.0-6.0mmol/L of potassium, 0.4-1.0mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.8-1.8mmol/L of calcium, 0.6-1.0mmol/L of magnesium, 0.03-0.07mmol/L of iron, 0.006-0.036mmol/L of manganese, 0.0001-0.0003mmol/L of copper, 0.018-0.05mmol/L of boron, 0.007-0.03mmol/L of zinc, 0.0002-0.0004mmol/L of molybdenum, 0.7-1.0mmol/L of sulfur and 0-0.007mmol/L of chlorine, wherein the raw material containing nitrogen comprises NH 4 + -N and NO 3 -N, and NH 4 + ‑N/NO 3 ‑ The value of-N is 0.04-0.08. According to the invention, by adopting a proper ammonium nitrate ratio, the lettuce grows faster, the pH value of the nutrient solution is more stable, and the situation of the lettuce heartburn is relieved.)

1. A general nutrient solution for lettuce used for indoor water culture is characterized in that the nutrient components comprise 6.0-8.5mmol/L of nitrogen, 4.0-6.0mmol/L of potassium, 0.4-1.0mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.8-1.8mmol/L of calcium, 0.6-1.0mmol/L of magnesium, 0.03-0.07mmol/L of ferrum, 0.006-0.036mmol/L of manganese, 0.0001-0.0003mmol/L of copper, 0.018-0.05mmol/L of boron, 0.007-0.03mmol/L of zinc, 0.0002-0.0004mmol/L of molybdenum, 0.7-1.0mmol/L of sulfur and 0-0.007mmol/L of chlorine, wherein the raw material containing nitrogen comprises NH₄ ⁺-N and NO₃ ^--N, and NH₄ ⁺-N/NO₃ ^-The value of-N is 0.04-0.08。

2. The lettuce universal nutrient solution for indoor water culture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution is prepared from a solid nutrient solution water-soluble fertilizer, and the solid nutrient solution water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following components: calcium ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA chelated iron, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium molybdate and potassium chloride.

3. The lettuce universal nutrient solution for indoor water culture as claimed in claim 2, wherein the solid nutrient solution water soluble fertilizer consists of fertilizer A, fertilizer B and fertilizer C, wherein the fertilizer A consists of a mixture of calcium ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and chelated iron; the fertilizer B is formed by mixing potassium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and dipotassium phosphate; and the fertilizer C is formed by mixing magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate and copper sulfate.

4. The lettuce universal nutrient solution for indoor water culture as claimed in the claim, wherein the mass ratio of potassium nitrate in the fertilizer A to potassium nitrate in the fertilizer B is 1: 1-2.

5. A preparation method of a lettuce universal nutrient solution for indoor water culture is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) preparing a solid nutrient solution water-soluble fertilizer:

a. according to the working concentration of each nutrient component in the nutrient solution of 6.0-8.5mmol/L of nitrogen, 4.0-6.0mmol/L of potassium, 0.4-1.0mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.8-1.8mmol/L of calcium, 0.6-1.0mmol/L of magnesium, 0.03-0.07mmol/L of iron, 0.006-0.036mmol/L of manganese, 0.0001-0.0003mmol/L of copper, 0.018-0.05mmol/L of boron, 0.007-0.03mmol/L of zinc, 0.0002-0.0004mmol/L of molybdenum, 0.7-1.0mmol/L of sulfur and 0-0.007mmol/L of chlorine, wherein the raw material containing nitrogen comprises NH₄ ⁺-N and NO₃ ^--N, and NH₄ ⁺-N/NO₃ ^-A value of-NWeighing the required raw materials of calcium ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, chelated iron, monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate and copper sulfate according to the standard of 0.04-0.08;

b. preparation of fertilizer A: uniformly mixing calcium ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and chelated iron, and standing at room temperature for later use;

c. preparing a fertilizer B: mixing potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and standing at room temperature;

d. preparation of fertilizer C: uniformly mixing magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate and copper sulfate, and standing at room temperature for later use;

(2) preparing a concentrated nutrient solution: respectively dissolving a fertilizer A, a fertilizer B and a fertilizer C in RO water to prepare a mother solution A, a mother solution B and a mother solution C, wherein the concentrations of the mother solution A, the mother solution B and the mother solution C are 200-fold and 400-fold of the working concentration of the nutrient solution;

(3) preparing a working nutrient solution on site: and (3) sequentially adding the same amount of the mother liquor A, the mother liquor B and the mother liquor C into a water bucket filled with water, stirring while adding, and fixing the volume to obtain a working nutrient solution which is used along with the preparation.

6. The preparation method of the lettuce universal nutrient solution for indoor water culture as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mass ratio of potassium nitrate used for preparing the fertilizer A to potassium nitrate used for preparing the fertilizer B is 1: 1-2.

7. Use of the lettuce universal nutrient solution for indoor hydroponics as claimed in claims 1-4 or the lettuce universal nutrient solution prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 5-6, characterized by cultivation application in artificial light environment in lettuce rooms.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, and particularly relates to a lettuce universal nutrient solution for indoor water culture, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Hydroponics (Hydroponics) is a novel soilless culture mode of plants, also called nutrient solution culture, and is characterized in that root systems of the plants are directly soaked in nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution can replace soil and provide growth factors such as water, nutrients, oxygen and the like for the plants, so that the plants can normally grow. At present, the vegetables successfully cultivated in water culture mainly comprise most leaf vegetables, tomatoes, strawberries and the like. Lettuce is lactuca sativa of the genus lactuca of the family compositae, also called leaf lettuce, and has become a green leaf vegetable with the largest cultivation area in an indoor water culture system due to the characteristics of rich nutritional value, regular growth, short growth period, good commodity property and the like. The formula of the water culture nutrient solution is changed according to the variety, production purpose, growth stage, production environment and the like of crops, so that a proper nutrient solution formula is very necessary to be screened out according to the requirement.

At present, lettuce hydroponic formulas mainly used in China comprise Hoagland's hydroponic nutrient solution, Japanese garden type balanced formula, Japanese Kawasaki formula and the like, the nutrient solutions are difficult to adapt to lettuce cultivation in an indoor fully-artificial light environment, the lettuce is easy to have the conditions of scorched edges and scorched hearts, and the pH of the nutrient solution is unstable due to inconsistent absorption rates of different ions in the nutrient solution by the lettuce.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a lettuce general nutrient solution for indoor water culture, a preparation method and application thereof.

The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:

a general nutrient solution for lettuce in indoor water culture comprises nitrogen 6.0-8.5mmol/L, potassium 4.0-6.0mmol/L, phosphorus 0.4-1.0mmol/L, calcium 0.8-1.8mmol/L, magnesium 0.6-1.0mmol/L, ferrum 0.03-0.07mmol/L, manganese 0.006-0.036mmol/L, copper 0.0001-0.0003mmol/L, boron 0.018-0.05mmol/L, zinc 0.007-0.03mmol/L, molybdenum 0.0002-0.0004mmol/L, sulfur 0.7-1.0mmol/L, and chlorine 0-0.007mmol/L, wherein the raw material containing nitrogen comprises NH₄ ⁺-N and NO₃ ^--N, and NH₄ ⁺-N/NO₃ ^-The value of-N is 0.04-0.08.

In order to better realize the invention, the nutrient solution is prepared from a solid nutrient solution water-soluble fertilizer which comprises the following components: calcium ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, EDTA chelated iron, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, sodium molybdate and potassium chloride.

In order to better realize the invention, the solid nutrient solution water-soluble fertilizer consists of a fertilizer A, a fertilizer B and a fertilizer C, wherein the fertilizer A is formed by mixing calcium ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and chelated iron; the fertilizer B is formed by mixing potassium nitrate, monopotassium phosphate and dipotassium phosphate; the fertilizer C is formed by mixing magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate and copper sulfate;

in order to better implement the invention, the mass ratio of the potassium nitrate in the fertilizer A to the potassium nitrate in the fertilizer B is 1: 1-2.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides a preparation method of the lettuce universal nutrient solution for indoor water culture, which comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of solid nutrient solution water-soluble fertilizer

a. According to the working concentration of each nutrient component in the nutrient solution of 6.0-8.5mmol/L of nitrogen, 4.0-6.0mmol/L of potassium, 0.4-1.0mmol/L of phosphorus, 0.8-1.8mmol/L of calcium, 0.6-1.0mmol/L of magnesium, 0.03-0.07mmol/L of iron, 0.006-0.036mmol/L of manganese, 0.0001-0.0003mmol/L of copper, 0.018-0.05mmol/L of boron, 0.007-0.03mmol/L of zinc, 0.0002-0.0004mmol/L of molybdenum, 0.7-1.0mmol/L of sulfur and 0-0.007mmol/L of chlorine, wherein the raw material containing nitrogen comprises NH₄ ⁺-N and NO₃ ^--N, and NH₄ ⁺-N/NO₃ ^-Weighing the required raw materials of calcium ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, chelated iron, monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate and copper sulfate according to the standard that the-N value is 0.04-0.08;

b. preparation of fertilizer A: and (3) uniformly mixing calcium ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and chelated iron, and standing at room temperature for later use.

c. Preparing a fertilizer B: mixing potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, and standing at room temperature for use.

d. Preparation of fertilizer C: mixing magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate and copper sulfate uniformly, and standing at room temperature for later use.

(2) Preparing a concentrated nutrient solution: respectively dissolving a fertilizer A, a fertilizer B and a fertilizer C in RO water to prepare a mother solution A, a mother solution B and a mother solution C, wherein the concentrations of the mother solution A, the mother solution B and the mother solution C are 200-fold and 400-fold of the working concentration of the nutrient solution;

(3) preparing a working nutrient solution on site: and (3) sequentially adding the same amount of the mother liquor A, the mother liquor B and the mother liquor C into a water bucket filled with water, stirring while adding, and fixing the volume to obtain a working nutrient solution which is used along with the preparation.

In order to better implement the invention, the mass ratio of the potassium nitrate used for preparing the fertilizer A to the potassium nitrate used for preparing the fertilizer B is 1: 1-2.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides application of the lettuce general nutrient solution for indoor water culture, and particularly provides cultivation application of the lettuce general nutrient solution in a lettuce indoor artificial light environment.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the nutrient solution formula provided by the invention solves the problem that lettuce grows at a lower speed under a general formula in an indoor artificial light environment at present.

2. According to the invention, by adopting a proper ammonium nitrate ratio, the lettuce grows faster, the pH value of the nutrient solution is more stable, and the situation of the lettuce heartburn is relieved.

3. The pH value of the nutrient solution is more stable by adopting a proper phosphate ratio.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.