阅读说明：本技术 控湿控风滚动底气化炉 (Humidity-controlled and wind-controlled rolling bottom gasification furnace ) 是由 贺春香 于 2019-11-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供控湿控风滚动底气化炉,它包括有炉体、排渣口,它还包括有交错滚筒、侧气箱,其中,侧气箱包覆在炉体外侧,其上、下两端与炉体之间形成密封；侧气箱上部侧壁通过出气管与高温引风机联接；预热风箱安装在侧气箱内,预热风箱上、下两端分别设有出风口和进风口,预热风箱下方的侧气箱内壁上设有斜挡尘板；炉体顶部设有炉盖,炉盖顶部设有与外界联接用的外循环风出口管,炉盖下端延伸至装配在炉体上部的集水盘内,集水盘侧壁设有排水管。(The invention provides a humidity-controlled and air-controlled rolling bottom gasification furnace, which comprises a furnace body, a slag discharge port, a staggered roller and a side gas box, wherein the side gas box is coated outside the furnace body, and the upper end and the lower end of the side gas box are sealed with the furnace body; the side wall of the upper part of the side gas box is connected with a high-temperature induced draft fan through a gas outlet pipe; the preheating air box is arranged in the side air box, the upper end and the lower end of the preheating air box are respectively provided with an air outlet and an air inlet, and the inner wall of the side air box below the preheating air box is provided with an inclined dust baffle; the top of the furnace body is provided with a furnace cover, the top of the furnace cover is provided with an external circulation air outlet pipe used for connecting with the outside, the lower end of the furnace cover extends into a water collecting tray assembled on the upper part of the furnace body, and the side wall of the water collecting tray is provided with a drain pipe.)

1. Wet accuse wind of accuse roll end gasification stove, it is including furnace body (1), row's cinder notch (2), its characterized in that: the furnace also comprises staggered rollers (3), lower air outlet grooves (5), bent dust baffles (6), upper air outlet grooves (7), inclined dust baffles (8), furnace wall air pipe rows (9), side air boxes (10), a hearth (11), a high-temperature induced draft fan (12), an air outlet pipe (13), an external circulating air inlet hole array (14), an external circulating air outlet pipe (15), a central air knife air inlet pipe (16), a furnace cover (17), a water collecting disc (18), a water drain pipe (19), an air outlet (20), a preheating air box (21), an air inlet (22), a central air knife air inlet hole (23), a liquid feeding pipe (24) and a central air knife (25), wherein the side air boxes (10) are coated on the outer side of the furnace body (1), and the upper and lower ends of the side air boxes and the furnace body (1) form sealing; the side wall of the upper part of the side gas box (10) is connected with a high-temperature induced draft fan (12) through a gas outlet pipe (13); the preheating air box (21) is arranged in the side air box (10), the upper end and the lower end of the preheating air box (21) are respectively provided with an air outlet (20) and an air inlet (22), the air inlet (22) penetrates through the box wall of the side air box (10) to be connected with the outside, and the air outlet (20) is communicated with the hearth (11) of the furnace body (1); an inclined dust guard plate (8) is arranged on the inner wall of the side air box (10) below the preheating air box (21); the top of the furnace body (1) is provided with a furnace cover (17), the top of the furnace cover (17) is provided with an external circulating air outlet pipe (15) connected with the outside, the lower end of the furnace cover (17) extends into a water collecting tray (18) assembled at the upper part of the furnace body (1), and the water collecting tray (18) is provided with a drain pipe (19); the central air knife (25) is arranged in the furnace body (1), the upper end of the central air knife (25) is connected with the lower end of a central air knife air inlet pipe (16) through a central air knife air inlet hole (23), and the central air knife air inlet pipe (16) directly introduces air into the lower part of the hearth from the upper part of the hearth; a liquid feeding pipe hole (24) is arranged on the central air knife (25); an external circulation air inlet hole array (14) is arranged at the upper part of the hearth (11), a furnace wall air pipe row (9) is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body (1), and the furnace wall air pipe row (9) directly introduces air into the lower part of the hearth from the upper part of the hearth; an upper air outlet groove (7) and a lower air outlet groove (5) are arranged on the side wall of the furnace body (1) below the central air knife (25); a bent dust baffle plate (6) connected with the furnace body (1) is arranged outside the outlet of the upper air outlet groove (7); staggered rollers (3) are arranged in the furnace body (1) below the lower air outlet groove (5); a slag discharge port (2) is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body (1) below the staggered rollers (3).

2. The humidity-controlled and wind-controlled rolling-hearth gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the lower air outlet groove (5) and the upper air outlet groove (7) both adopt an inclined structure.

3. The humidity-controlled and wind-controlled rolling-hearth gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the furnace cover (17) is formed by fixedly connecting an inner conical structure and an outer conical structure, a channel is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer for fluid to flow, an outer circulating air outlet pipe (15) for outer circulating air outlet is arranged at the top of the outer layer furnace cover, and the lower end of the outer layer furnace cover extends to the water collecting tray (18) to form a water seal.

4. The humidity-controlled and wind-controlled rolling-hearth gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the central air knife (25) is a hollow long piece, both ends of the central air knife are provided with air inlet holes (23), at least one end of the central air knife is provided with a liquid feeding pipe hole (24), and the lower part of the central air knife (25) is provided with a narrow slit or a hole row along the length direction.

5. The humidity-controlled and wind-controlled rolling-hearth gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the central air knife air inlet pipes (16) are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the furnace body (1), communicate the upper part and the lower part of the hearth (11), and directly introduce air into the lower part of the hearth from the upper part of the hearth to form an edge oxidation zone.

6. The humidity-controlled and wind-controlled rolling-hearth gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the two staggered rollers (3) are assembled in a staggered mode and do not interfere with each other, the slag breaking device (4) is arranged on the surface of each staggered roller (3), and each slag breaking device (4) is of a protruding structure and is composed of a straight rib plate, a segmented straight rib plate, a spiral rib plate, a herringbone rib plate and a short column or a short cone.

7. The humidity-controlled and wind-controlled rolling-hearth gasifier according to claim 1, wherein: the external circulation air inlet hole arrays (14) are arranged at the front side and the rear side in the furnace body, are positioned at the middle upper part of the furnace body and are matched with an external circulation air outlet pipe (15) on the furnace cover (17) for use.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gasification furnaces, in particular to a humidity-control and air-control rolling bottom gasification furnace.

Background

The existing small and medium sized gasification furnaces are fixed bed type, and are divided into upper air suction type and lower air suction type. The fixed bed structure causes that the slag is uncontrollable, the channel is easy to block and difficult to clean. The upper air-suction gasification furnace does not pass through a high-temperature area because part of the produced gas, so that the harmful gas is not fully decomposed, when the gas production position is high, the produced gas has high humidity and more tar, and when the gas production position is low, the content of CO2 is high, the reduction layer is unstable, and in short, the produced gas quality is low. The lower gas-suction gasification furnace has the defects that the air supply control means is not strong, the air supply changes along with the change of material gaps, the positions and the shapes of the air inlets and the positions and the shapes of the air outlets, so that an oxidation layer and a reduction layer are uneven and unstable, a complete section of a hearth cannot be covered, the gas-production quality is high in tar content and humidity, and the gas-production quality is also unstable and high in dust content as the upper gas suction. The existing small and medium-sized gasification furnaces are difficult to normally and continuously use no matter in an upper air suction type or a lower air suction type due to the reasons.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the humidity-control and air-control rolling bottom gasification furnace which has compact structure and good effects of point-line-surface air supply, line-surface air outlet and air flow control.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the humidity-control and air-control rolling bottom gasification furnace comprises a furnace body and a slag discharge port, and also comprises staggered rollers, lower air outlet grooves, bent dust baffles, upper air outlet grooves, inclined dust baffles, a furnace wall air duct row, a side air box, a furnace chamber, a high-temperature induced draft fan, an air outlet pipe, an external circulating air inlet hole array, an external circulating air outlet pipe, a central air knife air inlet pipe, a furnace cover, a water collecting tray, a drain pipe, an air outlet, a preheating air box, an air inlet, a central air knife air inlet hole, a liquid feeding pipe and a central air knife, wherein the side air box is coated outside the furnace body, and the upper end and the lower end of the side air box are sealed with the furnace body; the side wall of the upper part of the side gas box is connected with a high-temperature induced draft fan through a gas outlet pipe; the preheating air box is arranged in the side air box, the upper end and the lower end of the preheating air box are respectively provided with an air outlet and an air inlet, the air inlet penetrates through the wall of the side air box and is connected with the outside, and the air outlet is communicated with a hearth of the furnace body; an inclined dust baffle plate is arranged on the inner wall of the side air box below the preheating air box; the top of the furnace body is provided with a furnace cover, the top of the furnace cover is provided with an external circulating air outlet pipe for connecting with the outside, the lower end of the furnace cover extends into a water collecting tray assembled at the upper part of the furnace body, and the side wall of the water collecting tray is provided with a drain pipe; the upper end of the central air knife is connected with the lower end of an air inlet pipe of the central air knife through an air inlet hole of the central air knife, and the air is directly introduced into the lower part of the hearth from the upper part of the hearth by the upper end of the air inlet pipe of the central air knife; a liquid feeding pipe hole is arranged on the central air knife; an external circulation air inlet hole array is arranged at the middle upper part of the hearth, a furnace wall air pipe row is arranged on the inner wall of the furnace body, and air is directly introduced into the lower part of the hearth from the upper part of the hearth at the upper end of the furnace wall air pipe row; an upper air outlet groove and a lower air outlet groove are arranged on the side wall of the furnace body below the central air knife; the outer side of the outlet of the upper air outlet groove is provided with a bent dust baffle plate connected with the furnace body; staggered rollers are arranged in the furnace body below the lower air outlet groove; the side wall of the furnace body below the staggered rollers is provided with a slag discharge port.

The lower air outlet groove and the upper air outlet groove are of inclined structures.

The furnace cover is formed by fixedly connecting an inner conical structure and an outer conical structure, a channel is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer of the furnace cover for fluid to flow, an outer circulating air outlet pipe for outer circulating air outlet is arranged at the top of the outer furnace cover, and the lower end of the outer furnace cover extends to the water collecting tray to form a water seal.

The central air knife is a hollow long piece, both ends of the central air knife are provided with air inlet holes, at least one end of the central air knife is provided with a liquid feeding pipe hole, and the lower part of the central air knife is provided with a narrow slit or a hole row along the length direction.

The central air knife air inlet pipes are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, are communicated with the upper part and the lower part of the hearth, and directly introduce air into the lower part of the hearth from the upper part of the hearth to form an edge oxidation zone.

The two staggered rollers are assembled in a staggered mode and do not interfere with each other, the surface of each staggered roller is provided with a slag breaker, and each slag breaker is of a protruding structure and is composed of a straight rib plate, a segmented straight rib plate, a spiral rib plate, a herringbone rib plate, a short column or a short cone.

The external circulation air inlet hole arrays are arranged at the front side and the rear side in the furnace body, are positioned at the middle upper part of the furnace body and are matched with the external circulation air outlet pipe on the furnace cover for use.

The invention has the advantages that: under the cooperation of a high-temperature induced draft fan and a furnace body structure, solids, liquid except condensed water and air entering the furnace uniformly pass through high-temperature areas such as an oxidation area and a reduction area with controlled thickness, so that harmful substances are decomposed to the maximum extent, tar is effectively avoided, the water vapor is basically converted into CO and H2, the calorific value of produced gas is improved, no harmful gas or liquid overflows out of the furnace, and slag ash is directly communicated to staggered rollers from top to bottom, and the slag breaking, slag control and slag discharging are stable and reliable. The method is suitable for recycling various wastes such as household garbage, medical garbage, industrial toxic waste oil (such as cold rolling oil) and the like, provides a means for on-site dispersion treatment for the materials which are not easy to concentrate and concentrate, and can be used for gasification of biomass.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are: referring to the attached drawing 1, the humidity-control and air-control rolling bottom gasification furnace in the embodiment comprises a furnace body 1, a slag discharge port 2, a staggered roller 3, a lower air outlet groove 5, a bent dust baffle 6, an upper air outlet groove 7, an inclined dust baffle 8, a furnace wall air duct row 9, a side air box 10, a hearth 11, a high-temperature induced draft fan 12, an air outlet duct 13, an external circulation air inlet hole array 14, an external circulation air outlet pipe 15, a central air knife air inlet pipe 16, a furnace cover 17, a water collecting tray 18, a water outlet pipe 19, an air outlet 20, a preheating air box 21, an air inlet 22, a central air knife air inlet hole 23, a liquid feeding pipe 24 and a central air knife 25, wherein the side air box 10 covers the outer side of the furnace body 1, and the upper and lower ends of the; the upper side wall of the side gas box 10 is connected with a high-temperature induced draft fan 12 through a gas outlet pipe 13; the preheating air box 21 is arranged in the side air box 10, and the preheating air box 21 is not communicated with the side air box 10; the upper end and the lower end of the preheating air box 21 are respectively provided with an air outlet 20 and an air inlet 22, the air inlet 22 passes through the wall of the side air box 10 to be connected with the outside, and the air outlet 20 is communicated with the hearth 11 of the furnace body 1; an inclined dust guard plate 8 is arranged on the inner wall of the side air box 10 below the preheating air box 21; the top of the furnace body 1 is provided with a furnace cover 17, the furnace cover 17 is formed by fixedly connecting an inner conical structure and an outer conical structure, a channel is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer for fluid flowing, the top of the outer furnace cover is provided with an outer circulating air outlet pipe 15 for outer circulating air outlet, and the lower end of the outer furnace cover extends to a water collecting tray 18 to form a water seal. A drain pipe 19 is arranged on the water collecting tray 18; the central air knife 25 is arranged in the furnace body 1, the central air knife 25 is a hollow long piece, both ends of the central air knife 25 are provided with air inlet holes 23, at least one end of the central air knife is provided with a liquid feeding pipe hole 24, and the lower part of the central air knife 25 is provided with a narrow slit or a hole row along the length direction. The narrow slits or the narrow hole rows are used for uniformly supplying air to two sides from the middle of the hearth along the length direction of the central air knife, so that a central oxidation zone is formed. The central air knife 25 is connected with the lower end of the central air knife air inlet pipe 16 through the central air knife air inlet hole 23, the two central air knife air inlet pipes 16 are respectively positioned on the front side wall and the rear side wall of the furnace body 1, and the air is directly introduced into the lower part of the furnace from the upper end of the central air knife air inlet pipe 16 to avoid the material in the middle of the furnace. A liquid feeding pipe hole 24 is arranged on the central air knife 25; an external circulation air inlet hole array 14 is arranged at the middle upper part of the hearth 11, the external circulation air inlet hole array 14 is arranged at the front side and the rear side in the furnace body, is positioned at the middle upper part of the furnace body and is matched with an external circulation air outlet pipe 15 on a furnace cover 17 for use. The inner wall of the furnace body 1 is provided with a furnace wall air pipe row 9, and the upper end of the furnace wall air pipe row 9 directly introduces air into the lower part of the furnace from the upper part of the furnace; an upper air outlet groove 7 and a lower air outlet groove 5 are arranged on the side wall of the furnace body 1 below the central air knife 25; the lower air outlet groove 5 and the upper air outlet groove 7 are both of inclined structures. The outer side of the outlet of the upper air outlet groove 7 is provided with a bent dust baffle 6 connected with the furnace body 1; the staggered rollers 3 are arranged in the furnace body 1 below the lower air outlet groove 5; the two staggered rollers 3 are assembled in a staggered mode and do not interfere with each other, the slag breaking device 4 is arranged on the surface of each staggered roller 3, and each slag breaking device 4 is of a protruding structure and is composed of a straight rib plate, a segmented straight rib plate, a spiral rib plate, a herringbone rib plate, a short column or a short cone. The side wall of the furnace body 1 below the staggered rollers 3 is provided with a slag discharge port 2.

When the furnace is in operation, under the action of an induced draft fan, the central air knife air inlet pipe 16 draws air from the upper part of the hearth 11 to be directly communicated with the central air knife 25 and flows to the air outlet grooves or holes at two sides through the long 25 narrow slit of the central air knife to form a central oxidation area; the furnace wall air duct row 9 is guided from the upper part of the hearth 11 to be directly communicated with the lower part of the hearth 11, flows to the air outlet grooves or holes on the same side along the area near the side wall and forms an edge oxidation area. The structural size and the draught fan capability of the furnace section, the central air knife and the furnace wall air duct row jointly ensure that the central oxidation area is fused with the edge oxidation area to cover the whole furnace section, and all materials and gas are ensured to pass through the high-temperature oxidation area. The oxidation section is higher than the gas outlet groove or hole and has a certain distance, thus ensuring the formation of a stable reduction area. The central air knife air inlet pipe and the furnace wall air pipe row take air from the upper part of the hearth, which is beneficial to building the negative pressure of the furnace top and preventing harmful gas from leaking from the furnace top. The air inlet pipe of the central air knife and the air pipe of the furnace wall are directly connected, so that the influence of the air permeability difference of materials and the height of a material column on the air supply quantity and the air supply uniformity is reduced, the air-guiding type air-guiding device can adapt to different material conditions, the operation stability and the operability are enhanced by adopting a high furnace chamber, and the vacuum degree requirement and the operation regulation requirement on the induced draft fan are reduced.

The upper air outlet groove or hole and the lower air outlet groove or hole are used for leading out produced air and are of inclined structures, so that the materials can move conveniently and the blockage can be prevented. The oxide layer and the reduction layer are automatically formed in the area enclosed by the central air knife and the furnace wall air duct row, the thickness is controlled, the stability is good, the full gasification of materials is facilitated, the full reaction of water vapor and red carbon is facilitated to generate CO and H2, and the gas production quality is improved.

The side gas box is directly connected with the outer wall of the furnace and is used for dust fall and temperature reduction of gas generation. The outer wall of the furnace is also a component of the side gas box, which not only saves materials and space, but also reduces heat loss, the side gas box is communicated with the bottom of the furnace body, dust fall can directly fall into slag ash, the dust content of gas production is reduced, and the workload of dust exhaust is reduced.

The high-temperature induced draft fan is used for discharging the produced gas out of the gasification furnace and introducing air into the gasification furnace, and the induced draft negative pressure gasification basically does not leak harmful gas, so that the high-temperature induced draft fan is an effective means for treating garbage.

The staggered rollers are composed of two rollers with similar structures and same sizes, slag breakers are fixedly arranged on the staggered rollers, and the slag breakers on the rollers are staggered and do not interfere with each other. The staggered rollers synchronously rotate in opposite directions at the same rotating speed under the drive of a transmission device (such as a gear and the like), so that the crushing of slag blocks and the downward discharge of slag ash are realized, the slag crusher is ensured not to interfere with each other in the working process, and the slag ash is prevented from descending when the slag crusher is static. The slag breaker is a protruding structure, such as a straight rib plate, a segmented straight rib plate, a spiral rib plate, a herringbone rib plate, a short column or a short cone and the like.

The slag discharging port is used for discharging broken slag out of the furnace, and the slag also plays a sealing role.

The liquid feeding pipe directly penetrates through the furnace wall and is inserted into the central air knife, liquid can be directly and stably filled into the oxidation area under the condition of induced air negative pressure gasification, the possibility of pollution generated in the process that harmful liquid is slowly moved to the oxidation area along with other materials when being added from the furnace top is eliminated, and an effective means is provided for treating liquid harmful substances such as waste oil and the like. The liquid feeding pipe can also prevent the deflection of the central air knife around the air inlet of the central air knife.

The external circulation air outlet pipe is arranged at the top of the furnace cover and used for pumping out the wet air at the top of the furnace under the action of an external fan, dehumidifying and heating the wet air, and sending the wet air back to the upper part of the hearth through the external circulation air inlet hole array to realize the dehumidification and the preheating of the air at the top of the furnace. The external circulation air inlet hole array has the function of enabling the upper materials and air in the hearth to be heated as uniformly as possible.

The bending dust baffle plate is arranged on the furnace bottom outside the gas outlet groove or hole and seals a channel for the produced gas to directly rise into the side gas box, so that the produced gas firstly flows to the furnace bottom along the bending dust baffle plate and then rises, and part of the dust in the produced gas is settled in the slag ash of the furnace bottom due to the action of gravity and speed, thereby realizing the first dust removal of the produced gas.

The inclined dust-blocking plate is fixedly connected with the side gas box, and is lower close to the side of the hearth, so that dust below the inclined dust-blocking plate can be blocked to rise along with the produced gas, the dust deposited on the inclined dust-blocking plate can fall to the bottom of the furnace, and secondary dust removal of the produced gas is realized.