阅读说明：本技术 一种油田游梁式抽油机智能间抽控制系统及其控制方法 (Intelligent intermittent pumping control system and method for oil field beam pumping unit ) 是由 张岩 刘涛 刘天宇 李大建 辛宏 姚洋 石海霞 牛彩云 陆梅 甘庆明 康雁飞 于 2019-09-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种油田游梁式抽油机智能间抽控制系统及其控制方法,基于对游梁式抽油机曲柄位置、电机转速和电参监测分析,通过电功图反演光杆示功图及控制器综合分析,计算出能够保证低液量油井高效运行的间抽制度,由控制器输出给电机执行,实现了游梁式抽油机智能间抽控制。此外,其主要是通过光杆示功图去修正电功图,并使得修正后的电功图的充满度达到一定的下限值,同时达到该下限值的电功图的张数在间抽周期内所有电功图张数中的占比达到特定的目标值,则表明该间抽制度/周期是合理的,进一步地,低液量油井可以按照此间抽周期进行间抽采油,实现抽油机的高效运行,同时也解决了产量下降和机采系统效率偏低的问题。(The invention provides an intelligent intermittent pumping control system of a beam-pumping unit in an oil field and a control method thereof. In addition, the positive electric diagram is mainly corrected through the polished rod indicator diagram, the fullness of the corrected electric diagram reaches a certain lower limit value, and the proportion of the number of the electric diagrams reaching the lower limit value in all the number of the electric diagrams in the interval pumping period reaches a specific target value, so that the interval pumping system/period is reasonable.)

1. The utility model provides a control system is taken out between oil field beam-pumping unit intelligence, includes database server (10), host computer (11), well site RTU (12) and controller (8) that electricity is connected in proper order, display (9) and motor (1) are connected to controller (8) electricity, motor (1) are connected and are driven beam-pumping unit (2), polished rod (3) are connected to the horse head of beam-pumping unit (2), its characterized in that: a rotating speed sensor (4) and an electrical parameter sensor (5) are installed on the motor (1), a crank position sensor (6) is installed on a crank of the beam pumping unit (2), and a load displacement sensor (7) is installed on the polished rod (3);

the rotating speed sensor (4), the electrical parameter sensor (5), the crank position sensor (6) and the load displacement sensor (7) are respectively connected with the controller (8).

2. The intelligent intermittent pumping control system of the oil field beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrical parameter sensor (5) comprises a voltage sensor for measuring the voltage of the motor (1), a current sensor for measuring the current of the motor (1) and a power factor sensor for measuring the power factor of the motor (1).

3. The intelligent intermittent pumping control system of the oil field beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the database server (10) stores the following data: intermittent pumping and stopping allowable value P, daily production fluid V of oil well_{Daily liquid}Volume water content n of crude oil_wDensity of water ρ_wDensity rho of water-free crude oil_oThe inner diameter of the sleeve is phi_SleeveThe outer diameter of the oil pipe is phi_OilDiameter D of oil well pump_pStroke S, sprint n_{Punching machine}Lambda, loss of stroke, Q, loss of pump_{Leakage net}Pump inlet gas-liquid ratio R, pump clearance volume coefficient K, sinking pressure P of oil-well pump_sPressure P at oil pump outlet_dA polytropic process exponent n.

4. The control method of the intelligent intermittent pumping control system of the oil field beam pumping unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1, the upper computer (11) calls the data stored in the database server (10), and an interval extraction system initial value is calculated according to the called data;

s2, sending the interval pumping system initial value to a well site RTU (12) by the upper computer (11), and calling the interval pumping system initial value from the well site RTU (12) by the controller (8);

step S3, the controller (8) draws a polish rod indicator diagram according to the load displacement data transmitted by the load displacement sensor (7) and reflects the polish rod indicator diagram on the display (9);

step S4, the controller (8) draws a motor electric diagram according to the data transmitted by the rotating speed sensor (4), the electric parameter sensor (5) and the crank position sensor (6), and reflects the diagram on the display (9);

step S5, correcting the electromechanical indicator diagram according to the polish rod indicator diagram;

step S6, self-defining the standard reaching rate and the target value of the electric diagram, and if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is within the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the intermittent pumping system is reasonable, and the beam pumping unit (2) can take the initial value of the intermittent pumping system as an intermittent pumping period to perform intermittent pumping oil extraction; and if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is outside the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the intermittent pumping system is unreasonable, adjusting the initial value of the intermittent pumping system, and continuously repeating the second step to the sixth step until the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram finally reaches the target value.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the initial values of the intermittent pumping system in step S1 include an initial value of the shut-in time t and an initial value of the open-hole time t', and are jointly determined according to the following formula:

in the formula: p is the allowable value of the intermittent pumping and stopping well, and the value is 0.5 multiplied by 105 Pa; v_{Daily liquid}Oil well daily fluid production, m³D; t is the well stopping time, h; n is_w-volumetric water content of crude oil; rho_wDensity of water, kg/m³；ρ_oDensity of crude oil without water, kg/m³；ф_Sleeve-the casing internal diameter, m; phi shape_Oil-tubing outside diameter, m;

in the formula: d_p-the oil well pump diameter, m; s-stroke, m; n is_{Punching machine}Number of strokes, min^-1(ii) a λ -stroke loss, m; q_{Leakage net}Oil-well pump leakage, m³/d；η_{Charging device}-pump fill factor;

in the formula: r-gas-liquid ratio of pump suction inlet, m³/m³(ii) a K-pump clearance volume coefficient; p_s-the sinking pressure of the pump, Pa; p_d-pump outlet pressure, Pa; n is the polytropic process exponent, n ≈ 1.1.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein the step of drawing the polished rod indicator diagram in step S3 comprises:

s301, a load displacement sensor (7) collects the positions and loads of different polished rods (3) in the oil pumping process and sends the positions and loads to a controller (8);

s302, the controller (8) draws the position S of the polished rod_θAnd polish rod load N_θThe relationship diagram of (2), namely the polish rod indicator diagram, is reflected on the display (9).

7. The method for controlling the intelligent intermittent pumping control system of the oilfield beam-pumping unit according to claim 4 or 6, wherein the step S4 of drawing the motor electric diagram comprises the following steps:

s401, collecting different crank positions theta by a crank position sensor (6), and collecting motor rotating speed distribution omega of different crank positions theta by a rotating speed sensor (4)_θThe electric parameter sensor (5) collects the current distribution I of the motor (1) at different crank positions theta_θVoltage distribution U of motor (1) at different crank positions theta_θAnd a power factor distribution cos theta of the motor (1) at different crank positions theta;

s402, calculating the torque distribution T of the motor according to the following formula_θ：

In the formula: u shape_θ-voltage distribution of the motor (1) at different crank positions θ; i is_θ-current distribution of the motor (1) at different crank positions θ; cos θ — power factor distribution of the motor (1) at different crank positions θ; omega_θ-motor speed distribution for different crank positions θ;

s403, checking a polished rod position factor and torque factor table of the beam-pumping unit (2) in the use specification, and recording the polished rod position factor gamma of the beam-pumping unit_θEstablishing different crank position theta and polish rod position S according to formula five_θEquation five is as follows:

S_θ＝S×γ_θformula five

In the formula: s_θ-polished rod position, m; s-stroke, m; gamma ray_θ-a polished rod position factor;

s404, establishing motor torque distribution T_θAnd the position S of the polished rod_θDrawing the position S of the polished rod_θTorque T of motor_θThe relationship diagram of (2), i.e. the motor power diagram, is reflected on the display (9).

8. The method for controlling the intelligent intermittent pumping control system of the oilfield beam-pumping unit according to claim 7, wherein the step S5 of correcting the electromechanical power diagram according to the polished rod indicator diagram specifically comprises:

and viewing the display (9), observing the relative positions of the polished rod indicator diagram and the motor electrical diagram in the display (9), adjusting the stroke S of the motor electrical diagram by taking the polished rod indicator diagram as a standard so that boundary points of the polished rod indicator diagram and the motor electrical diagram are superposed, then removing the load displacement sensor (7) and finishing the correction of the motor electrical diagram.

9. The method for controlling the intelligent intermittent pumping control system of the oilfield beam-pumping unit according to claim 7, wherein the step S6 specifically comprises:

s601, defining the standard reaching rate of the electric diagrams as the proportion of the number of the electric diagrams with the electric diagram fullness degree of more than or equal to 70% in the latest pumping period to all the electric diagrams in the pumping period, wherein the electric diagram fullness degree refers to the proportion of the electric diagrams and the polished rod indicator diagrams in the same pumping period;

s602, taking the electric diagram standard-reaching rate of more than or equal to 70% in the latest interval pumping period as a target value, and if the electric diagram standard-reaching rate is within the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the interval pumping system is reasonable, wherein the beam pumping unit (2) can take the initial value of the interval pumping system as the interval pumping period to perform interval pumping oil extraction;

s603, if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is outside the threshold range of the target value, the intermittent pumping system is unreasonable, the initial value of the intermittent pumping system is adjusted in a +/-5% floating range, and the steps two to six are repeated continuously to enable the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram to float in the +/-5% range until the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram finally reaches the target value.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction in oil fields, and particularly relates to an intelligent intermittent pumping control system of an oil field beam pumping unit and a control method thereof.

Background

In the process of petroleum production operation, when the permeability of the oil well is lower than the designed oil pumping capacity of the oil pumping unit, the oil well is in a state of insufficient liquid supply. In order to save electric energy, reduce mechanical wear of the pumping unit and improve the efficiency of equipment, the currently generally adopted control method is to perform automatic intermittent control on the pumping unit, namely when an oil well is detected to be in a state of insufficient liquid supply, the pumping unit is controlled to stop running, and the oil well enters a countdown state to wait for the natural recovery of the working fluid level of the oil well; when the determined shutdown time is over, the pumping unit is controlled to start again; this is repeated.

However, compared with the oil well with high liquid yield, the problem of yield reduction or low efficiency of the mechanical extraction system is caused to a certain extent due to unscientific manual intermittent extraction system, and in addition, the existing various intermittent extraction control optimization systems cannot ensure that the low liquid yield oil well can realize high-efficiency operation of stabilizing yield and reducing energy consumption.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent intermittent pumping control system of an oil field beam pumping unit and a control method thereof, aiming at solving the problem that high-efficiency operation cannot be realized when a low-liquid-volume oil well pumps oil intermittently; the second purpose is to solve the problems of yield reduction and low efficiency of a mechanical extraction system caused by the intermittent extraction of oil from low-liquid-volume oil wells.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an intelligent intermittent pumping control system of a beam-pumping unit in an oil field, which comprises a database server, an upper computer, a well site RTU and a controller which are sequentially and electrically connected, wherein the controller is electrically connected with a display and a motor, the motor is connected with and drives the beam-pumping unit, a horse head of the beam-pumping unit is connected with a polished rod, a rotating speed sensor and an electrical parameter sensor are installed on the motor, a crank position sensor is installed on a crank of the beam-pumping unit, and a load displacement sensor is installed on the polished rod;

the rotating speed sensor, the electrical parameter sensor, the crank position sensor and the load displacement sensor are respectively connected with the controller.

Further, the electrical parameter sensor includes a voltage sensor for measuring a voltage of the motor, a current sensor for measuring a current of the motor, and a power factor sensor for measuring a power factor of the motor.

Preferably, the database server has the following data stored therein: intermittent pumping and stopping allowable value P, daily production fluid V of oil well_{Daily liquid}Volume water content n of crude oil_wDensity of water ρ_wDensity rho of water-free crude oil_oThe inner diameter of the sleeve is phi_SleeveThe outer diameter of the oil pipe is phi_OilDiameter D of oil well pump_pStroke S, sprint n_{Punching machine}Lambda, loss of stroke, Q, loss of pump_{Leakage net}Pump inlet gas-liquid ratio R, pump clearance volume coefficient K, sinking pressure P of oil-well pump_sPressure P at oil pump outlet_dA polytropic process exponent n.

The invention also provides a control method of the intelligent intermittent pumping control system by using the oil field beam pumping unit, which comprises the following steps:

step S1, the upper computer calls the data stored in the database server, and calculates the initial value of the intermittent extraction system according to the called data;

s2, sending the initial value of the intermittent pumping system to a well site RTU by the upper computer, and calling the initial value of the intermittent pumping system from the well site RTU by the controller;

step S3, the controller draws a polish rod indicator diagram according to the load displacement data transmitted by the load displacement sensor and reflects the polish rod indicator diagram on the display;

step S4, the controller draws a motor-motor diagram according to the data transmitted by the rotation speed sensor, the electrical parameter sensor and the crank position sensor and reflects the diagram on the display;

step S5, correcting the electromechanical indicator diagram according to the polish rod indicator diagram;

step S6, self-defining the standard reaching rate and the target value of the electric diagram, and if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is within the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the intermittent pumping system is reasonable, and the beam pumping unit can take the initial value of the intermittent pumping system as an intermittent pumping period to perform intermittent pumping oil extraction; and if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is outside the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the intermittent pumping system is unreasonable, adjusting the initial value of the intermittent pumping system, and continuously repeating the second step to the sixth step until the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram finally reaches the target value.

Further, the initial value of the pumping system in step S1 includes an initial value of the well shut-in time t and an initial value of the well opening time t', and is jointly calculated according to the following formula:

in the formula: p is the allowable value of the intermittent pumping and stopping well, and the value is 0.5 multiplied by 105 Pa; v_{Daily liquid}Oil well daily fluid production, m³D; t is the upper limit value of the well stopping time, h; n is_w-volumetric water content of crude oil; rho_wDensity of water, kg/m³；ρ_oDensity of crude oil without water, kg/m³；ф_Sleeve-the casing internal diameter, m;ф_oil-tubing outside diameter, m;

in the formula: d_p-the oil well pump diameter, m; s-stroke, m; n is_{Punching machine}Number of strokes, min^-1(ii) a λ -stroke loss, m; q_{Leakage net}Oil-well pump leakage, m³/d；η_{Charging device}-pump fill factor;

in the formula: r-gas-liquid ratio of pump suction inlet, m³/m³(ii) a K-pump clearance volume coefficient; p_s-the sinking pressure of the pump, Pa; p_d-pump outlet pressure, Pa; n is the polytropic process exponent, n ≈ 1.1.

Preferably, the drawing of the polished rod indicator diagram in step S3 includes:

s301, a load displacement sensor collects different polished rod positions and loads in the oil pumping process and sends the different polished rod positions and loads to a controller;

s302, the controller draws the position S of the polished rod_θAnd polish rod load N_θThe relationship diagram of (1), namely the polish rod indicator diagram, is reflected on the display.

Further, the step S4 of drawing the motor electrical diagram includes:

s401, collecting different crank positions theta by a crank position sensor, and collecting motor rotating speed distribution omega of different crank positions theta by a rotating speed sensor_θThe electric parameter sensor collects the current distribution I of the motor at different crank positions theta_θVoltage distribution U of motor at different crank positions θ_θAnd a power factor distribution cos θ of the motor at different crank positions θ;

s402, calculating the torque distribution T of the motor according to the following formula_θ：

In the formula: u shape_θ-voltage distribution of the motor at different crank positions θ; i is_θ-current distribution of the motor for different crank positions θ; cos θ — power factor distribution of motors at different crank positions θ; omega_θ-motor speed distribution for different crank positions θ;

s403, checking a polished rod position factor and torque factor table of the pumping unit in the using specification of the beam pumping unit, and recording the polished rod position factor gamma of the pumping unit_θEstablishing different crank position theta and polish rod position S according to formula five_θEquation five is as follows:

S_θ＝S×γ_θformula five

In the formula: s_θ-polished rod position, m; s-stroke, m; gamma ray_θ-a polished rod position factor;

s404, establishing motor torque distribution T_θAnd the position S of the polished rod_θDrawing the position S of the polished rod_θTorque T of motor_θThe relationship diagram of (1), i.e. the motor power diagram, is reflected in the display.

Preferably, the step S5 of correcting the electromechanical power diagram according to the polished rod indicator diagram specifically includes:

and viewing the display, observing the relative positions of the polished rod indicator diagram and the motor electrical diagram in the display, adjusting the stroke S of the motor electrical diagram by taking the polished rod indicator diagram as a standard so that boundary points of the polished rod indicator diagram and the motor electrical diagram are superposed, and then removing the load displacement sensor to finish the correction of the motor electrical diagram.

Further, step S6 specifically includes:

s601, defining the standard reaching rate of the electric diagrams as the proportion of the number of the electric diagrams with the electric diagram fullness degree of more than or equal to 70% in the latest pumping period to all the electric diagrams in the pumping period, wherein the electric diagram fullness degree refers to the proportion of the electric diagrams and the polished rod indicator diagrams in the same pumping period;

s602, taking the electric diagram standard-reaching rate of more than or equal to 70% in the latest interval pumping period as a target value, and if the electric diagram standard-reaching rate is within the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the interval pumping system is reasonable, wherein the beam pumping unit can take the initial value of the interval pumping system as the interval pumping period to perform interval pumping oil extraction;

s603, if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is outside the threshold range of the target value, the intermittent pumping system is unreasonable, the initial value of the intermittent pumping system is adjusted in a +/-5% floating range, and the steps two to six are repeated continuously to enable the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram to float in the +/-5% range until the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram finally reaches the target value.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention relates to an intelligent intermittent pumping control system of an oil field beam-pumping unit and a control method thereof, which mainly corrects a positive electric diagram through a polished rod indicator diagram, enables the fullness of the corrected electric diagram to reach a certain lower limit value, and simultaneously enables the proportion of the number of the electric diagram reaching the lower limit value in the number of all the electric diagrams in an intermittent pumping period to reach a specific target value, thereby indicating that the intermittent pumping system/period is reasonable.

In order to make the aforementioned and other objects of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent intermittent pumping control system of an oil field beam pumping unit.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a polished rod indicator diagram and an electrical diagram before correction in the same coordinate system.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a polished rod indicator diagram and an electrical diagram after correction in the same coordinate system.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optimization logic algorithm of step S6.

Description of reference numerals:

1. an electric motor; 2. a pumping unit; 3. a polish rod; 4. a rotational speed sensor; 5. an electrical parameter sensor; 6. a crank position sensor; 7. a load displacement sensor; 8. a controller; 9. a display; 10. a database server; 11. an upper computer; 12. and (5) well site RTU.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for complete and complete disclosure of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the drawings, the same units/elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Unless otherwise defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Further, it will be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.

First embodiment

The first embodiment of the invention relates to an intelligent intermittent pumping control system of an oil field beam-pumping unit, which comprises a database server 10, an upper computer 11, a well site RTU12 and a controller 8 which are sequentially and electrically connected, wherein the controller 8 is electrically connected with a display 9 and a motor 1, the motor 1 is connected with and drives the beam-pumping unit 2, a horse head of the beam-pumping unit 2 is connected with a polished rod 3, the motor 1 is provided with a rotating speed sensor 4 and an electrical parameter sensor 5, a crank position sensor 6 is arranged on a crank of the beam-pumping unit 2, and the polished rod 3 is provided with a load displacement sensor 7;

the rotating speed sensor 4, the electrical parameter sensor 5, the crank position sensor 6 and the load displacement sensor 7 are respectively connected with a controller 8.

Specifically, the base data collected by the oil field is stored in the database server 10, the upper computer 11 calls the data stored in the database server 10, an intermittent pumping degree initial value is calculated according to the called data, the intermittent pumping degree initial value is sent to the well site RTU12 by the upper computer 11, the controller 8 calls the intermittent pumping degree initial value from the well site RTU12, the controller 8 draws a polish rod indicator diagram according to the load displacement data transmitted by the load displacement sensor 7 and reflects the polish rod indicator diagram on the display 9, and meanwhile, the controller 8 draws a motor-motor indicator diagram according to the data transmitted by the rotating speed sensor 4, the electrical parameter sensor 5 and the crank position sensor 6 and reflects the motor-motor indicator diagram on the display 9.

Preferably, the controller 8 in the present invention is a controller of an SFC cable type pumping unit system optimized operation comprehensive controller model manufactured by harbingofi electrical technology ltd.

Therefore, the intelligent intermittent pumping control system of the oil field beam pumping unit is mainly used for collecting, transmitting and storing data, and has an important function of calculating and drawing a polished rod indicator diagram and a motor electric diagram and correcting the motor electric diagram by using the polished rod indicator diagram so as to achieve a reasonable intermittent pumping system.

Second embodiment

Unlike the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, the electrical parameter sensor 5 includes a voltage sensor for measuring the voltage of the motor 1, a current sensor for measuring the current of the motor 1, and a power factor sensor for measuring the power factor of the motor 1.

Further, the following data are stored in the database server 10: intermittent pumping and stopping allowable value P, daily production fluid V of oil well_{Daily liquid}Volume water content n of crude oil_wDensity of water ρ_wDensity rho of water-free crude oil_oThe inner diameter of the sleeve is phi_SleeveThe outer diameter of the oil pipe is phi_OilDiameter D of oil well pump_pStroke S, sprint n_{Punching machine}Lambda, loss of stroke, Q, loss of pump_{Leakage net}Pump inlet gas-liquid ratio R, pump clearance volume coefficient K, sinking pressure P of oil-well pump_sPressure P at oil pump outlet_dA polytropic process exponent n.

The above data can be measured, assigned values or obtained by looking up tables, and are all basic data commonly used by those skilled in the art in work, and therefore, all the data can be used as known data.

Third embodiment

On the basis of the intelligent intermittent pumping control system of the oil field beam-pumping unit, the invention also protects a control method utilizing the intelligent intermittent pumping control system of the oil field beam-pumping unit, which specifically comprises the following steps:

step S1, the upper computer 11 calls the data stored in the database server 10, and calculates the initial value of the thinning-out system according to the called data;

step S2, sending the intermittent pumping system initial value to a well site RTU12 by the upper computer 11, and calling the intermittent pumping system initial value from the well site RTU12 by the controller 8;

step S3, the controller 8 draws a polish rod indicator diagram according to the load displacement data transmitted by the load displacement sensor 7 and reflects the polish rod indicator diagram on the display 9;

step S4, the controller 8 draws a motor power diagram according to the data transmitted by the rotating speed sensor 4, the electrical parameter sensor 5 and the crank position sensor 6, and reflects the diagram on the display 9;

step S5, correcting the electromechanical indicator diagram according to the polish rod indicator diagram;

step S6, self-defining the standard reaching rate and the target value of the electric diagram, and if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is within the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the intermittent pumping system is reasonable, and the beam pumping unit 2 can take the initial value of the intermittent pumping system as an intermittent pumping period to perform intermittent pumping oil extraction; and if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is outside the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the intermittent pumping system is unreasonable, adjusting the initial value of the intermittent pumping system, and continuously repeating the second step to the sixth step until the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram finally reaches the target value.

The difference between the present embodiment and the conventional intermittent pumping control method is that after the polished rod indicator diagram and the motor electrical diagram are drawn, they are not used directly, but the polished rod indicator diagram is used to correct (or may be corrected) the motor electrical diagram, and the principle of the correction is that if the electrical diagram standard reaching rate is within the threshold range of the target value, it indicates that the intermittent pumping system is reasonable, and the beam-pumping unit 2 can take the initial value of the intermittent pumping system as the intermittent pumping period to perform intermittent pumping; and if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is outside the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the intermittent pumping system is unreasonable, adjusting the initial value of the intermittent pumping system, and continuously repeating the second step to the sixth step until the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram finally reaches the target value.

The reason why the photoelectric indicator diagram is corrected by the polished rod indicator diagram is that the numerical value of the polished rod indicator diagram is a theoretical value, and the obtained indicator diagram is also a diagram in an ideal state, so that the polished rod indicator diagram can be used as a standard diagram, and the electric diagram has certain error due to the numerical value measured by the load displacement sensor 7, if the error is corrected, the initial value of the intermittent pumping system obtained after correction is a reasonable numerical value, and further, the pumping performance of the beam pumping unit can be fully exerted after intermittent pumping.

Fourth embodiment

The invention also discloses a control method of the intelligent intermittent pumping control system by using the oil field beam pumping unit, which specifically comprises the following steps:

step S1, the upper computer 11 retrieves the data stored in the database server 10, calculates an initial value of the intermittent pumping system according to the retrieved data, the initial value of the intermittent pumping system includes an initial value of the shut-in time t and an initial value of the open-in time t', and jointly obtains the initial value according to the following formula:

in the formula: p is the allowable value of the intermittent pumping and stopping well, and the value is 0.5 multiplied by 105 Pa; v_{Daily liquid}Oil well daily fluid production, m³D; t is the well stopping time, h; n is_w-volumetric water content of crude oil; rho_wDensity of water, kg/m³；ρ_oDensity of crude oil without water, kg/m³；ф_Sleeve-the casing internal diameter, m; phi shape_Oil-tubing outside diameter, m;

in the formula: d_p-the oil well pump diameter, m; s-stroke, m; n is_{Punching machine}Number of strokes, min^-1(ii) a λ -stroke loss, m; q_{Leakage net}Oil-well pump leakage, m³/d；η_{Charging device}-pump fill factor;

in the formula: r-gas-liquid ratio of pump suction inlet, m³/m³(ii) a K-pump clearance volume coefficient; p_s-the sinking pressure of the pump, Pa; p_d-pump outlet pressure, Pa; n is the polytropic process exponent, n ≈ 1.1.

Step S2, sending the intermittent pumping system initial value to a well site RTU12 by the upper computer 11, and calling the intermittent pumping system initial value from the well site RTU12 by the controller 8;

step S3, the controller 8 draws a polished rod indicator diagram according to the load displacement data transmitted by the load displacement sensor 7, and reflects the polished rod indicator diagram on the display 9, which specifically includes:

s301, the load displacement sensor 7 collects the positions and loads of different polished rods 3 in the oil pumping process and sends the positions and loads to the controller 8;

s302, the controller 8 draws the polished rod position S_θAnd polish rod load N_θThe relationship diagram of (a) is reflected on the display 9, i.e., the polished rod indicator diagram.

In step S4, the controller 8 draws a motor diagram according to the data transmitted by the rotation speed sensor 4, the electrical parameter sensor 5, and the crank position sensor 6, and reflects the diagram on the display 9, which specifically includes:

s401, collecting different crank positions theta by the crank position sensor 6, and collecting motor rotating speed distribution omega of different crank positions theta by the rotating speed sensor 4_θThe electric parameter sensor 5 collects the current distribution I of the motor 1 at different crank positions theta_θVoltage distribution U of motor 1 at different crank positions θ_θAnd a power factor distribution cos θ of the motor 1 at different crank positions θ;

s402, calculating the torque distribution T of the motor according to the following formula_θ：

In the formula: u shape_θ-voltage distribution of the motor 1 at different crank positions θ; i is_θDifferent crank positionsThe current distribution of the motor 1 of θ; cos θ — power factor distribution of the motor 1 at different crank positions θ; omega_θ-motor speed distribution for different crank positions θ;

s403, checking a polished rod position factor and torque factor table of the pumping unit in the use specification of the beam pumping unit 2, and recording the polished rod position factor gamma of the pumping unit_θEstablishing different crank position theta and polish rod position S according to formula five_θEquation five is as follows:

S_θ＝S×γ_θformula five

In the formula: s_θ-polished rod position, m; s-stroke, m; gamma ray_θ-a polished rod position factor;

s404, establishing motor torque distribution T_θAnd the position S of the polished rod_θDrawing the position of the polished rod according to the corresponding relation

S_θTorque T of motor_θThe relationship diagram of (a), i.e., the motor power diagram, is reflected on the display 9.

Step S5, the electro-mechanical diagram of the positive motor is revised according to the polish rod indicator diagram, which specifically comprises the following steps:

looking up the display 9, observing the relative positions of the optical rod indicator diagram and the motor electrical diagram in the display 9, referring to fig. 2 and 3, adjusting the stroke S of the motor electrical diagram by taking the optical rod indicator diagram as a standard so that the boundary points of the optical rod indicator diagram and the motor electrical diagram are superposed, then removing the load displacement sensor 7, and finishing the correction of the motor electrical diagram.

Step S6, self-defining the standard reaching rate and the target value of the electric diagram, and if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is within the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the intermittent pumping system is reasonable, and the beam pumping unit 2 can take the initial value of the intermittent pumping system as an intermittent pumping period to perform intermittent pumping oil extraction; if the standard-reaching rate of the electric diagram is outside the threshold range of the target value, it indicates that the intermittent pumping system is unreasonable, the initial value of the intermittent pumping system is adjusted, and the second step to the sixth step are continuously repeated until the standard-reaching rate of the electric diagram finally reaches the target value, as shown in fig. 4, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

s601, defining the standard reaching rate of the electric diagrams as the proportion of the number of the electric diagrams with the electric diagram fullness degree of more than or equal to 70% in the latest pumping period to all the electric diagrams in the pumping period, wherein the electric diagram fullness degree refers to the proportion of the electric diagrams and the polished rod indicator diagrams in the same pumping period;

s602, taking the electric diagram standard-reaching rate of more than or equal to 70% in the latest interval pumping period as a target value, and if the electric diagram standard-reaching rate is within the threshold range of the target value, indicating that the interval pumping system is reasonable, wherein the beam pumping unit 2 can take the initial value of the interval pumping system as the interval pumping period to perform interval pumping oil extraction;

s603, if the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is outside the threshold range of the target value, the intermittent pumping system is unreasonable, the initial value of the intermittent pumping system is adjusted in a +/-5% floating range, and the steps two to six are repeated continuously to enable the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram to float in the +/-5% range until the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram finally reaches the target value.

It should be noted that, in step 4, the polish rod indicator diagram and the electrical diagram are both S_θAs the abscissa, the polished rod displacement at different crank positions theta is collected, except that S of the polished rod indicator diagram_θIs calculated by formula five, and S of the electric diagram_θIs detected by the load displacement sensor 7, and the biggest difference between the two is that the polished rod position factor in the formula five is obtained by table look-up, and the S obtained by calculation_θThe position information collected by the load displacement sensor 7 is a theoretical value, that is, a numerical value in an ideal state, and has a certain error due to the problems of the installation position and the detection precision, and the error cannot be directly eliminated physically, so that the invention uses the polished rod indicator diagram to correct the power diagram, and adjusts the initial value of the intermittent pumping system, that is, the well shut-in time t and the well start-up time t' while correcting the power diagram, specifically, how to correct the power diagram is specifically described below by way of example, and a reasonable initial value of the intermittent pumping system is obtained, and the detailed process is as follows:

assuming that an electric diagram is drawn every 10min and 100 electric diagrams are drawn in the latest (last) interval pumping period, wherein the full degree of the electric diagram is greater than or equal to 70% and 80 electric diagrams are drawn in the same position at the same time, and the full degree of the electric diagram refers to the area ratio of the electric diagram and the polished rod indicator diagram, the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is 80/100 × 100% to 80%, obviously, the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is greater than or equal to 80% and greater than or equal to 70%, namely the standard reaching rate of the electric diagram is within the threshold range of the target value, which indicates that the interval pumping is a reasonable system, and the beam pumping unit 2 can take the initial value of the interval pumping system as the interval pumping period to perform interval pumping oil;

assuming that an electric diagram is drawn every 10min, and 100 electric diagrams are drawn in the last (last) interval pumping cycle, wherein 65 electric diagrams are provided with the full degree of more than or equal to 70%, and the full degree of the electric diagrams refers to the area ratio of the electric diagrams and the polished rod indicator diagrams which are simultaneously drawn under the same position at the same time, the standard reaching rate of the electric diagrams is 65/100 × 100% to 65%, obviously, the standard reaching rate of the electric diagrams is less than 70%, namely, the standard reaching rate of the electric diagrams is out of the threshold range of a target value, which indicates that the interval pumping system is unreasonable, at the moment, the well stopping time t and the well opening time t ' are adjusted to be optimized step by step according to the range of +/-5%, as shown in fig. 4, the well stopping time t is adjusted to be t × 1.05, the well opening time t ' is adjusted to be t ' × 0.95, the second step to the sixth step is repeated continuously, and the interval pumping system finally reaches the target value self-learning requirement through learning.

In summary, the intelligent intermittent pumping control method for the beam-pumping unit in the oil field provided by the invention is based on monitoring and analysis of the crank position of the beam-pumping unit, the rotating speed of the motor and the electrical parameter, and through inversion of the polish rod indicator diagram by the electrical diagram and comprehensive analysis of the controller, the intermittent pumping system capable of ensuring high-efficiency operation of the low-liquid-volume oil well is calculated and output to the motor by the controller for execution, so that the intelligent intermittent pumping control of the beam-pumping unit is realized, the high-efficiency operation of the pumping unit is realized, and meanwhile, the problems of yield reduction and low efficiency of an oil extraction system are solved.

It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.