阅读说明：本技术 一种低剖面宽带宽角柱面共形多波束微带阵列天线 (Low-profile broadband wide-angle cylindrical surface conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna ) 是由 朱江 杨军 杨虎 姜南 于 2019-10-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种低剖面宽带宽角柱面共形多波束微带阵列天线,包括波束形成层、辐射层；所述波束形成层和辐射层紧凑集成,并通过柱面共形异面过渡结构,采用曲面压合技术实现天线整体的集成；所述波束形成层为柱面共形微带Rotman透镜结构,所述Rotman透镜结构为7输入10输出且其馈电对象是辐射层。在传统宽带多层微带天线设计的基础上,开展多种展宽频带手段融合实施的研究,优化设计微带阵元的布局、馈电网络和阻抗匹配层,使天线具有宽频带宽角多波束性能且在宽角扫描情况下各馈电端口输入阻抗匹配良好。(The invention discloses a low-profile broadband wide-angle cylindrical surface conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna, which comprises a beam forming layer and a radiation layer, wherein the beam forming layer is arranged on the radiation layer; the beam forming layer and the radiation layer are compactly integrated, and the whole integration of the antenna is realized by adopting a curved surface pressing technology through a cylindrical conformal different-surface transition structure; the beam forming layer is a cylindrical conformal microstrip Rotman lens structure which is 7 input and 10 output and the feed object of which is a radiating layer. On the basis of the design of the traditional broadband multilayer microstrip antenna, the research of fusion implementation of various frequency band broadening means is developed, and the layout of microstrip array elements, a feed network and an impedance matching layer are optimally designed, so that the antenna has broadband wide-angle multi-beam performance, and the input impedance of each feed port is well matched under the wide-angle scanning condition.)

1. A low-profile broadband wide-angle cylindrical conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna is characterized in that: comprises a beam forming layer (1) and a radiation layer (2); the beam forming layer (1) and the radiation layer (2) are integrated compactly, and the whole integration of the antenna is realized by adopting a curved surface pressing technology through a cylindrical conformal different-surface transition structure.

2. The low-profile wide-bandwidth wide-angle cylindrical conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna of claim 1, wherein: the beam forming layer (1) is a cylindrical conformal microstrip Rotman lens structure which is 7 input 10 output and the feed object of which is a radiating layer (2).

3. The low-profile wide-bandwidth wide-angle cylindrical conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna of claim 2, wherein: the Rotman lens structure comprises a coaxial input port (101), a microstrip line lens transition structure (102), a lens cavity (103) and a real-time delay line (104); the microstrip line lens transition structure (102) consists of a microstrip short line A and a triangular impedance matching area B; the lens cavity (103) is a filling dielectric constant epsilon surrounded by a focus arc C and an inner contour line D_rThe closed cavity of the dielectric material is connected between the inner contour line D and the outer contour line E through a real-time delay line (104).

4. The low-profile wide-bandwidth wide-angle cylindrical conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna of claim 1, wherein: the radiation layer (2) is a broadband multilayer microstrip array antenna, and the broadband multilayer microstrip array antenna comprises an external cavity aluminum plate (201), a first PMI foam plate (202a), a bottom layer feed microstrip line (203), a first microstrip plate (204a), a coupling slot (205), a second microstrip plate (204b), an upper layer feed microstrip line (206), a coupling patch (207), a second PMI foam plate (202b), a radiation patch (208) and a third microstrip plate (204 c); the external cavity aluminum plate (201) is provided with a first PMI foam plate (202a) on the bottommost layer and the upper surface of the external cavity aluminum plate (201), the upper surface of the first PMI foam plate (202a) is provided with a bottom layer feed microstrip line (203), the upper surface of the bottom layer feed microstrip line (203) is provided with a first microstrip plate (204a) and a second microstrip plate (204b) which are separated by a coupling gap (205) in the middle, the upper layer feed microstrip line (206) is provided on the second microstrip plate (204b), and the coupling patch (207) is connected with the upper layer feed microstrip line (206) through the second PMI foam plate (202b) and is connected with the radiation patch (208) through a third microstrip plate (204 c).

5. The low-profile wide-bandwidth wide-angle cylindrical conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna of claim 4, wherein: the radiating patch (208) is a rectangular microstrip patch.

6. The low-profile wide-bandwidth wide-angle cylindrical conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna of claim 4, wherein: the broadband multilayer microstrip antenna units are arranged in a triangular mode.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a low-profile broadband wide-angle cylindrical conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna.

Background

In the coming years, the field of mobile satellite communication will be developed once and for all, China also builds low-orbit satellite constellations actively, and then various terminal users accessing satellite communication will deploy a large number of high-performance electric scanning antennas for real-time communication with the fast-moving low-orbit satellite. With the continuous expansion of the mobile satellite communication market, it will become a hot spot to develop an electric scanning antenna of a beam scanning system suitable for different application scenarios. The multi-beam array antenna is generally composed of a passive beam forming network and an antenna array, the structure is simple and easy to design, the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced, the switch network is matched to realize the electric control switching of a plurality of beams so as to realize the rapid scanning, and the mobile satellite communication market has high competitiveness in the future.

The Rotman lens has a positive focus and two partial focuses, and is generally designed by a quasi-optical method, the beam contour line of an input port of the lens is fixed into a circle or an ellipse, and the inner contour line of the output port is determined by a series of geometric constraint conditions and electrical constraint conditions. The Rotman lens has been developed for more than half a century from the point of view to the present, and has been researched and introduced into more regions to achieve the reduction of the level of the side lobe, improve the isolation between the two symmetrical focal beam ports of the lens, and extend the operation to the octave.

The multi-layer microstrip array antenna is characterized in that the unit adopts a multilayer microstrip array or the feed network adopts a multilayer microstrip array, and compared with a single-layer microstrip array with the same layer of the unit and the feed line, the multi-layer microstrip array obtains higher degree of freedom in the design of the unit and the feed network, so that the array can obtain higher performance through flexible design.

The invention relates to a low-profile broadband wide-angle scanning cylindrical surface conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna which is designed for aircrafts such as missiles, unmanned planes and the like. The antenna radiation wave beam can be rapidly switched through a switch network to realize wide-angle scanning of the wave beam, and can also realize simultaneous multi-wave beam through connecting a plurality of channels, so that the requirement of real-time measurement and control and communication of the satellite to the aircraft in the flight process is met.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a low-profile cylindrical conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna which has the characteristics of wide frequency band, wide angle scanning, high gain and the like.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a low-profile broadband wide-angle cylindrical conformal multi-beam microstrip array antenna comprises a beam forming layer and a radiation layer; the beam forming layer and the radiation layer are compactly integrated, and the whole integration of the antenna is realized by adopting a curved surface pressing technology through a cylindrical conformal different-surface transition structure.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the beam forming layer is a cylindrical conformal microstrip Rotman lens structure which is 7 input and 10 output and the feed object of which is a radiating layer.

The Rotman lens structure comprises a coaxial input port, a microstrip line lens transition structure, a lens cavity and a real-time delay line; the microstrip line lens transition structure consists of a microstrip short line A and a triangular impedance matching area B; the lens cavity is a closed cavity which is formed by enclosing a focus arc C and an inner contour line D and filled with dielectric material with the dielectric constant of epsilon r, and the inner contour line D and the outer contour line E are connected by a real-time delay line.

The radiation layer is a broadband multilayer microstrip array antenna which comprises an external cavity aluminum plate, a first PMI foam plate, a bottom feed microstrip line, a first microstrip plate, a coupling gap, a second microstrip plate, an upper feed microstrip line, a coupling patch, a second PMI foam plate, a radiation patch and a third microstrip plate; the outer cavity aluminum plate pastes a first PMI foam board on the bottommost layer and the upper surface of the outer cavity aluminum plate, the upper surface of the first PMI foam board pastes a bottom feed microstrip line, the upper surface of the bottom feed microstrip line pastes a first microstrip board and a second microstrip board which are separated by a coupling gap in the middle of two layers, the upper feed microstrip line pastes on the second microstrip board, and the coupling patch is connected with the upper feed microstrip line through the second PMI foam board and is connected with the radiation patch through a third microstrip board.

The radiation patch is a rectangular microstrip patch.

The broadband multilayer microstrip antenna units are arranged in a triangular mode.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, when a cylindrical conformal Rotman lens is designed, a design equation is deduced again based on an optical method to solve the problem of phase compensation caused by cylindrical conformality, research of fusion implementation of various frequency band broadening means is developed on the basis of the design of a traditional broadband multilayer microstrip antenna, and the layout, the feed network and the impedance matching layer of a microstrip array element are optimally designed, so that the antenna has broadband wide-angle multi-beam performance, and the input impedance of each feed port is well matched under the wide-angle scanning condition. The compact integration of the Rotman lens and the multi-layer microstrip antenna is realized, and the integrated integration of the antenna is realized by adopting an advanced curved surface pressing technology.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective and cross-sectional structural illustration of a beam forming layer;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a broadband multilayer microstrip antenna unit;

FIG. 4 shows the measured performance of the wideband multi-layer microstrip antenna unit (a) the antenna H-plane gain (H-plane is the horizontal azimuth plane of the antenna), (b) the antenna measured standing wave, and (c) the antenna measured E-plane directional pattern;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of broadband multilayer microstrip array units.

Reference numerals: 1. a beam forming layer; 101. a coaxial input port; 102. a microstrip line lens transition structure; 103. a lens cavity; 104. a real-time delay line; 2. a radiation layer; 201. an outer cavity aluminum plate; 202a, a first PMI foam sheet; 202b, a second PMI foam sheet; 203. a bottom feed microstrip line; 204a, a first microstrip plate; 204b, a second microstrip plate; 204c, a third microstrip plate; 205. a coupling gap; 206. an upper feed microstrip line; 207. coupling patches; 208. a radiating patch.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be understood that the terms "having", "including" and "comprising" as used herein do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof, and the terms "upper", "lower", "intermediate", "upper", "lower", and the like are used merely to distinguish a positional relationship and are not particularly limited.

The following describes the practice of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.