阅读说明：本技术 红枣防裂果的调控剂 (Regulator for preventing red date from cracking ) 是由 丁改秀 梁长梅 王保明 秦国杰 牛燕 于 2019-11-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种红枣防裂果的调控剂及其使用方法,由如下质量份的原料组成,亚精胺1-2份,高铁红素1-3份,硫氢化钠1-3份。其制备方法是首先将三种试剂分别用用其质量10000倍的清水溶解,得水溶液,然后将三种水溶液混合在一起,搅拌均匀即可。本发明的使用方法是,以枣树盛花期时间为起始日,此后第60天、75天、90天分三次全树均匀喷施,喷施时应注意叶片正反两面喷施,喷至叶面湿润但不汇集成小水流为宜,同时,喷施时应注意天气状况,避免阴雨天、大风天和高温天施用。本发明具有防红枣裂果效果显著、省工、成本低、易实施的优点。(The invention discloses a regulator for preventing red dates from cracking and a using method thereof, wherein the regulator comprises the following raw materials, by mass, 1-2 parts of spermidine, 1-3 parts of ferrirubin and 1-3 parts of sodium hydrosulfide. The preparation method comprises dissolving the three reagents with 10000 times of clear water to obtain aqueous solutions, mixing the three aqueous solutions, and stirring. The application method of the invention is that the date tree full-bloom period is used as the initial day, and the full tree is evenly sprayed for three times in 60 days, 75 days and 90 days, the front and back sides of the leaves are preferably sprayed until the leaves are wet but not converged into small water flow, and the weather condition is preferably noticed during spraying, so that the application in rainy days, windy days and high-temperature days is avoided. The invention has the advantages of remarkable red date cracking prevention effect, labor saving, low cost and easy implementation.)

1. A regulator for preventing red dates from fruit cracking comprises, by mass, 1-2 parts of spermidine, 1-3 parts of ferrirubin and 1-3 parts of sodium hydrosulfide;

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) dissolving spermidine in clear water with the mass being 10000 times that of the spermidine to obtain a spermidine water solution;

(2) dissolving the high-iron erythrocin with clear water with the mass of 10000 times of the high-iron erythrocin to obtain a high-iron erythrocin water solution;

(3) dissolving sodium hydrosulfide with clear water with the mass being 10000 times that of the sodium hydrosulfide to obtain a sodium hydrosulfide aqueous solution;

(4) mixing the three aqueous solutions of (1), (2) and (3) together, and stirring uniformly;

the application method is that the date tree full-bloom time is used as the initial day, and the full tree is evenly sprayed for three times in the 60 th day, the 75 th day and the 90 th day.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a regulator for preventing red dates from cracking and a using method thereof.

Background

Red dates are special fruit trees in China and have a cultivation history of more than 3000 years. The jujube has high economic value and rich vitamin content, is known as a 'natural vitamin pill', is widely planted in China, has sweet and delicious taste, and is deeply welcomed by consumers at home and abroad. The cracking of the red dates is a natural disaster caused by continuous rainy days, the cracking of the red dates is more and more in recent years, the appearance of the red dates is influenced, exogenous microorganisms (harmful bacteria and fungi) can be invaded, the rotten fruits, the yield reduction and the dead production are caused, the quality and the economic benefit of the red dates are influenced, the development of the red date industry is severely restricted, and the research on the red date cracking prevention technology increasingly attracts the attention of researchers. The sugar content of the jujube in the mature period is increased, the elasticity of the peel is reduced, and the jujube becomes crisp from tough. Rainfall at maturity is the major factor inducing fruit cracking. The flexibility of the peel tissue of red dates in the mature period is weakened, in rainy days, particularly rainy days in continuous cloudy days, under the stress of water, the pulp tissue is expanded and increased after the pulp absorbs excessive water, and the peel tissue with poor flexibility is extruded by the sudden volume increase caused by the short-time water absorption of the pulp tissue, so that the peel is cracked to generate fruit cracking.

The method for preventing and treating red date fruit cracking mainly comprises the steps of spraying an anti-cracking variety, mulching film on the ground of crowns of red dates, bagging or reasonably trimming fruits in a young fruit period, reasonably applying a fertilizer, the method for preventing and treating fruit cracking can achieve a certain effect of preventing and treating fruit cracking by a sodium chloride, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, calcium nitrate, sodium chloride, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium chloride, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, calcium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the regulator for preventing red dates from cracking and the use method thereof are realized by the following technical scheme.

A regulator for preventing red dates from fruit cracking comprises, by mass, 1-2 parts of spermidine, 1-3 parts of ferrirubin and 1-3 parts of sodium hydrosulfide.

The preparation method of the regulator for preventing red dates from cracking comprises the following steps:

(1) dissolving spermidine in clear water with the mass being 10000 times that of the spermidine to obtain a spermidine water solution;

(2) dissolving the high-iron erythrocin with clear water with the mass of 10000 times of the high-iron erythrocin to obtain a high-iron erythrocin water solution;

(3) dissolving sodium hydrosulfide with clear water with the mass being 10000 times that of the sodium hydrosulfide to obtain a sodium hydrosulfide aqueous solution;

(4) mixing the three aqueous solutions of (1), (2) and (3) together, and stirring uniformly.

The use method of the regulator for preventing red dates from cracking comprises the following steps:

(1) the use time is as follows: taking the full-bloom period of the jujube trees as an initial day, and uniformly spraying the whole jujube trees for three times in 60 days, 75 days and 90 days;

(2) when the plant leaf fertilizer is sprayed, the front and back surfaces of the leaves are preferably sprayed until the leaves are wet but do not converge into small water flows, and meanwhile, the weather condition is preferably noticed when the plant leaf fertilizer is sprayed, so that the plant leaf fertilizer is prevented from being applied in rainy days, windy days and high-temperature days.

During the development of red date fruits, the expression level of caspase-9 in pericarp tissues is increased, and meanwhile, Programmed Cell Death (PCD) occurs. At this stage, a large amount of water on the surface of the fruit enters the fruit, resulting in fruit cracking. The ferrirubin is a donor of CO and the sodium hydrosulfide is H₂A donor of S. The research shows that CO and H₂S is involved in the regulation of plant metabolism. Spermidine is a novel plant endogenous regulating substance and has a certain regulation and control effect on CO metabolism. Spermidine, ferrirubin and sodium hydrosulfide are used in a matched and superposed mode, and have a certain regulation and control effect on date peel caspase-9 gene expression and cell PCD process.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention has obvious anti-cracking effect, and when the compared fruit cracking rate is more than 60 percent under the same condition, the fruit cracking rate of the invention is less than 10 percent. (2) The invention has the characteristics of simple preparation, low use cost and convenient application.

The formula, the spraying time and the spraying times of the invention are tested

The test content of the invention is carried out in a red date test demonstration garden of Xiaobai Donglicun county of Taigu county, Shanxi province, Jinzhong city.

The formula test of the invention is developed in 2017, and the spraying time and frequency test of the optimal formula are developed in 2018.

First, formula test

1. Test method

The formula treatment design of the regulating agent is as follows:

(1) 1/10000 aqueous spermidine solution;

(2) 1/10000 high-iron erythrosin solution;

(3) 1/10000 aqueous solution of sodium hydrosulfide;

(4) 1 part of 1/10000 spermidine aqueous solution and 1 part of 1/10000 ferrierite aqueous solution;

(5) 1 part of 1/10000 aqueous spermidine solution +1 part of 1/10000 aqueous sodium hydrosulfide solution;

(6) 1/10000 parts of a ferrierite aqueous solution and 1 part of 1/10000 parts of a sodium hydrosulfide aqueous solution;

(7) 1 part of 1/10000 spermidine aqueous solution, 1 part of 1/10000 ferrierite aqueous solution and 1 part of 1/10000 sodium hydrosulfide aqueous solution;

(8) the control was clear water.

The test is repeated three times for 10 trees each time, the spraying time takes the full-bloom time of the jujube trees as the initial day, and the full trees are uniformly sprayed twice in the 60 th day and the 75 th day. Spraying on the front and back surfaces of the leaves until the leaves are wet but do not converge into small water flow.

2. Test results

The test results are shown in Table 1.

Test results show that the fruit cracking rate of the jujube tree is remarkably reduced (p is less than 0.01) compared with a control by uniformly spraying 1/10000 spermidine, ferrirubin and sodium hydrosulfide aqueous solution with single components on two whole trees at 60 days and 75 days after the date full-bloom period of the jujube tree is the initial day, and the difference between the three single components is not significant (p is more than 0.05); the aqueous solution of 1/10000 spermidine, ferrirubin and sodium hydrosulfide is mixed two by two and then sprayed, the fruit cracking rate is remarkably reduced (p is less than 0.01) compared with the treatment of a single component, and the difference between three two-by-two mixed components is not significant (p is more than 0.05); the mixture of 1/10000 spermidine, ferrirubin and sodium hydrosulfide is sprayed, and the fruit cracking rate is remarkably reduced (p is less than 0.01) compared with that of two-by-two composition treatment. The interaction effect between the three reagents is better.

Second, test of Using method

1. And (3) test treatment:

the test adopts a composition solution of 1 part of 1/10000 spermidine aqueous solution, 1 part of 1/10000 ferrierite aqueous solution and 1 part of 1/10000 sodium hydrosulfide aqueous solution, and the test treatment is as follows:

(1) uniformly spraying the whole jujube trees twice in 60 days and 75 days after the date trees are in the full-bloom period as the initial day;

(2) uniformly spraying the whole jujube tree twice in 60 days and 90 days after the date tree full-bloom period is taken as an initial day;

(3) uniformly spraying the whole jujube trees twice on 75 days and 90 days after the date trees are in the full-bloom period as the initial day;

(4) taking the full-bloom period of the jujube trees as an initial day, and uniformly spraying the whole jujube trees for three times in the 60 th, 75 th and 90 th days;

(5) taking the full-bloom period of the jujube trees as an initial day, and uniformly spraying the whole trees for four times in the 60 th, 75 th, 90 th and 100 th days;

(6) the control was clear water.

The experiment is repeated three times for 10 trees each time, and the spraying is carried out on the front and back surfaces of the leaves until the leaves are wet but are not converged into small water flow.

2. Test results

The test results are shown in Table 2.

Test results show that the fruit cracking rate of the composition is extremely lower than that of a control (p is less than 0.01) when the composition solution of 1 part of 1/10000 spermidine aqueous solution, 1 part of 1/10000 ferrierite aqueous solution and 1 part of 1/10000 sodium hydrosulfide aqueous solution is sprayed twice on days 60 and 75 or 60, 90 or 75 and 90; the fruit cracking rate of the fertilizer sprayed for three times on the 60 th day, the 75 th day and the 90 th day and four times on the 60 th day, the 75 th day, the 90 th day and the 100 th day is also extremely lower than that of the fertilizer sprayed for two times (p is less than 0.01); and the fruit cracking rate difference between three times of spraying on the 60 th day, the 75 th day and the 90 th day and four times of spraying on the 60 th day, the 75 th day, the 90 th day and the 100 th day is not significant (p is more than 0.05). Comprehensively compares the anti-cracking effect and efficiency, and the combination is best when the composition is sprayed for three times on the 60 th day, the 75 th day and the 90 th day.

Example 1

The method for preparing the regulator for preventing red dates from cracking comprises the following steps:

(1) dissolving 1 part of spermidine in clear water with the mass of 10000 times of that of the spermidine to obtain a spermidine aqueous solution;

(2) dissolving 3 parts of high-iron heme by using clear water with the mass being 10000 times of that of the high-iron heme to obtain a high-iron heme aqueous solution;

(3) dissolving 1 part of sodium hydrosulfide with clear water with the mass being 10000 times that of the sodium hydrosulfide to obtain a sodium hydrosulfide aqueous solution;

(4) mixing the three aqueous solutions of (1), (2) and (3) together, and stirring uniformly.

The using method comprises the following steps:

(1) the use time is as follows: taking the full-bloom period of the jujube trees as an initial day, and uniformly spraying the whole jujube trees for three times in 60 days, 75 days and 90 days;

(2) when the plant leaf fertilizer is sprayed, the front and back surfaces of the leaves are preferably sprayed until the leaves are wet but do not converge into small water flows, and meanwhile, the weather condition is preferably noticed when the plant leaf fertilizer is sprayed, so that the plant leaf fertilizer is prevented from being applied in rainy days, windy days and high-temperature days.