阅读说明：本技术 一种用于腔道组织消融的球囊电极导管 (Balloon electrode catheter for cavity tissue ablation ) 是由 吕毅 胡良硕 高忠权 任冯刚 高煦尧 李青山 于 2019-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于腔道组织消融的球囊电极导管。包括导管a、设置在导管a内部的导管b；导管a外表面从左至右依次设置有电极套环a、球囊b、电极套环b、测量电极a、测量电极b、电极套环c、球囊a、电极套环d；电极套环a与电极套环b之间设置有金属爪笼b；电极套环c与电极套环d之间设置有金属爪笼a；电极套环b、电极套环c与导管a固定连接；电极套环a、电极套环d可在导管a自由滑动；导管b为柔性空心圆柱管体,外表设置有4根等间距螺旋缠绕的导线；导线分别与电极套环b、电极套环c、测量电极a和测量电极b连接。本发明提供了一种ERCP条件下可以对恶性肿瘤开展安全、有效消融根治性治疗的球囊电极导管。(The invention relates to a balloon electrode catheter for ablation of luminal tract tissue. Comprises a conduit a and a conduit b arranged inside the conduit a; the outer surface of the catheter a is sequentially provided with an electrode lantern ring a, a balloon b, an electrode lantern ring b, a measuring electrode a, a measuring electrode b, an electrode lantern ring c, a balloon a and an electrode lantern ring d from left to right; a metal claw cage b is arranged between the electrode lantern ring a and the electrode lantern ring b; a metal claw cage a is arranged between the electrode lantern ring c and the electrode lantern ring d; the electrode lantern ring b and the electrode lantern ring c are fixedly connected with the catheter a; the electrode lantern ring a and the electrode lantern ring d can freely slide in the catheter a; the conduit b is a flexible hollow cylindrical pipe body, and the outer surface of the conduit b is provided with 4 wires spirally wound at equal intervals; the lead wires are respectively connected with the electrode lantern ring b, the electrode lantern ring c, the measuring electrode a and the measuring electrode b. The invention provides a balloon electrode catheter which can carry out safe and effective ablation radical treatment on malignant tumors under the ERCP condition.)

1. A balloon electrode catheter for luminal tract tissue ablation, characterized by: comprises a conduit a and a conduit b arranged inside the conduit a;

the outer surface of the catheter a is sequentially provided with an electrode lantern ring a, a balloon b, an electrode lantern ring b, a measuring electrode a, a measuring electrode b, an electrode lantern ring c, a balloon a and an electrode lantern ring d from left to right;

a metal claw cage b is arranged between the electrode lantern ring a and the electrode lantern ring b; a metal claw cage a is arranged between the electrode lantern ring c and the electrode lantern ring d;

the electrode lantern ring b and the electrode lantern ring c are fixedly connected with the catheter a;

the electrode lantern ring a and the electrode lantern ring d can freely slide in the catheter a;

the guide pipe b is a flexible hollow cylindrical pipe body, and 4 wires spirally wound at equal intervals are arranged on the outer surface of the guide pipe b; the lead is respectively connected with the electrode lantern ring b, the electrode lantern ring c, the measuring electrode a and the measuring electrode b;

the electrode lantern ring a, the electrode lantern ring b, the metal claw cage b and the balloon b jointly form a balloon electrode catheter positive electrode structure; the electrode lantern ring c, the electrode lantern ring d, the balloon a and the metal claw cage a jointly form a balloon electrode catheter negative electrode structure;

the metal claw cage a comprises at least two elastic conductive metal wires; one end of an elastic conductive metal wire arranged on the metal claw cage a is connected with the electrode lantern ring a, and the other end of the elastic conductive metal wire is connected with the electrode lantern ring b;

the metal claw cage b comprises at least two elastic conductive metal wires; one end of an elastic conductive metal wire arranged on the metal claw cage b is connected with the electrode lantern ring c, and the other end of the elastic conductive metal wire is connected with the electrode lantern ring d;

and a vent hole is arranged at the joint of the catheter a and the saccule b.

2. A balloon electrode catheter for luminal tract tissue ablation as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the measuring electrode a and the measuring electrode b are used for measuring impedance, and the distance between the measuring electrode a and the measuring electrode b is d 1; d1 is specifically: d1 is more than 0cm and less than 3 cm.

3. A balloon electrode catheter for luminal tract tissue ablation as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the electrode sleeve ring a, the electrode sleeve ring b, the electrode sleeve ring c, the electrode sleeve ring d, the measuring electrode a and the measuring electrode b are electric conductors; the balloon a and the balloon b are insulators.

4. A balloon electrode catheter for luminal tract tissue ablation as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the lengths of the conduit a, the conduit b and the guide wire are more than 1 m.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a balloon electrode catheter for realizing non-thermal effect ablation of a cavity tumor, especially a malignant tumor in a bile duct, and relates to a cavity discharge device embedded in an endoscope.

Background

Liver, gallbladder and pancreas tumors are the most common malignant diseases of the digestive system and the most invasive and heterogeneous malignant tumors. Due to the complex anatomical relationships and important physiological functions of the liver, the biliary system and the pancreas, diagnosis and treatment of diseases related to the liver, the biliary tract and the pancreas are always important and difficult points of research. In the anatomical relationship, the capillary bile ducts in the liver gradually merge into left and right hepatic ducts, merge into common hepatic duct at the hepatic portal part, then merge with cystic duct again to form common bile duct, and the tail end of the common bile duct merges with pancreatic duct and finally opens at the papilla of duodenum. The extrahepatic biliary tract and two important blood vessels entering the liver, the hepatic artery and portal vein, are wrapped in the liver-duodenum ligament together. Therefore, the tumor in the biliary tract is easy to invade by adjacent blood vessels, which causes the radical excision difficulty and limits the application of the radio frequency ablation treatment technology. Once the malignant stenosis of the lumen is caused by the generation of the tumor in the lumen, the normal physiological activities of the human body can be seriously influenced. Due to the factors, the current middle and late stage liver, gall and pancreas tumors lack effective curative treatment means, mainly symptom relieving treatment, and the prognosis of patients cannot be effectively improved.

ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) is the current routine means for diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the liver, gallbladder and pancreas. The ERCP delivers a guide wire, a catheter and the like to the papilla of the duodenum through the upper gastrointestinal tract by a duodenoscope, and can perform targeted diagnosis and treatment operations including stent placement, obstruction drainage and the like in the bile duct and the pancreatic duct. However, a technology capable of carrying out safe and effective radical treatment on malignant tumors is lacked under the ERCP condition at present. Therefore, in order to solve the key technical problem in the treatment process of the liver, gall and pancreas malignant tumor of the middle and late stages at present, the invention utilizes the convenient diagnosis and treatment channel opened up by the ERCP technology through the duodenoscope, combines the advantage of high-voltage pulse electric field non-heat energy to kill the malignant tumor with high efficiency, and realizes the ablation of the target tumor by means of the mature computer three-dimensional image reconstruction and simulation technology.

The invention combines the infiltration characteristic and the growth form of common malignant tumors in the pancreaticobiliary tract, and aims at the problems of complex anatomical relationship, high surgical radical excision treatment difficulty and the like, creatively applies the high-voltage pulse electric field technology to kill malignant tumor cells under the condition of an endoscope, and thoroughly changes the treatment mode of the traditional hepatobiliary pancreatic disease on the premise of not damaging bile ducts, pancreatic ducts and adjacent important blood vessel structures.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem that a safe and effective radical treatment technology capable of carrying out safe and effective treatment on malignant tumors is lacked under the ERCP condition in the background technology, the invention provides a balloon electrode catheter for realizing high-voltage pulse ablation on tumors in a cavity channel, which is used for carrying a high-voltage pulse generator and combining with an ERCP diagnosis and treatment platform, and can avoid the damage to other tissues when the tumors are ablated and improve the prognosis of patients. One end of the balloon electrode catheter can be placed in a channel of an endoscope, and extends into a human body cavity channel along with the endoscope and bends along with the environment, and the other end is left outside the body and is controlled by an operator. After the balloon electrode catheter reaches a focus along with an endoscope, two balloons at the terminal of the balloon electrode catheter expand, an electrode (a positive electrode and a negative electrode) is supported along with the expansion of the two balloons and clamps a tumor in the positive electrode and the negative electrode, at the moment, a pulse generator discharges electricity, and the tumor is ablated under the action of a high-voltage steep pulse electric field. The whole operation process is non-invasive and visible.

The technical solution provided by the invention is as follows: a balloon electrode catheter for ablation of cavity channel tissue is characterized in that: comprises a conduit a and a conduit b arranged inside the conduit a;

the outer surface of the catheter a is sequentially provided with an electrode lantern ring a, a balloon b, an electrode lantern ring b, a measuring electrode a, a measuring electrode b, an electrode lantern ring c, a balloon a and an electrode lantern ring d from left to right;

a metal claw cage b is arranged between the electrode lantern ring a and the electrode lantern ring b; a metal claw cage a is arranged between the electrode lantern ring c and the electrode lantern ring d;

the electrode lantern ring b and the electrode lantern ring c are fixedly connected with the catheter a;

the electrode lantern ring a and the electrode lantern ring d can freely slide in the catheter a;

the guide pipe b is a flexible hollow cylindrical pipe body, and 4 wires spirally wound at equal intervals are arranged on the outer surface of the guide pipe b; the conducting wires are respectively connected with the electrode lantern ring b, the electrode lantern ring c, the measuring electrode a and the measuring electrode b;

the electrode lantern ring a, the electrode lantern ring b, the metal claw cage b and the balloon b jointly form a balloon electrode catheter positive electrode structure; the electrode lantern ring c, the electrode lantern ring d, the balloon a and the metal claw cage a jointly form a balloon electrode catheter negative electrode structure;

the metal claw cage a comprises at least two elastic conductive metal wires; one end of an elastic conductive metal wire arranged on the metal claw cage a is connected with the electrode lantern ring a, and the other end of the elastic conductive metal wire is connected with the electrode lantern ring b;

the metal claw cage b comprises at least two elastic conductive metal wires; one end of an elastic conductive metal wire arranged on the metal claw cage b is connected with the electrode lantern ring c, and the other end of the elastic conductive metal wire is connected with the electrode lantern ring d;

and a vent hole is arranged at the joint of the catheter a and the saccule b.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the measuring electrode a and the measuring electrode b are used for measuring impedance, and the distance between the measuring electrode a and the measuring electrode b is d 1; d1 is specifically: d1 is more than 0cm and less than 3 cm.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the electrode lantern ring a, the electrode lantern ring b, the electrode lantern ring c, the electrode lantern ring d, the measuring electrode a and the measuring electrode b are electric conductors; the balloon a and the balloon b are insulators.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the lengths of the conduit a, the conduit b and the guide wire are more than 1 m.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention combines the infiltration characteristic and the growth form of common malignant tumors in the pancreaticobiliary tract, and aims at the problems of complex anatomical relationship, high surgical radical excision treatment difficulty and the like, creatively applies the high-voltage pulse electric field technology to kill malignant tumor cells under the condition of an endoscope, and thoroughly changes the treatment mode of the traditional hepatobiliary pancreatic disease on the premise of not damaging bile ducts, pancreatic ducts and adjacent important blood vessel structures. The method has the following specific advantages:

1. the treatment mode carried by the product is precise targeted treatment, only small-range reversible slight damage (such as extravasated blood and the like) of tissues around the tumor can be caused during treatment, the tumor cells can be apoptotic in a high-voltage steep pulse electric field due to irreversible electroporation, other inflammations can not be caused after apoptosis, and the prognosis of patients is good.

2. Compared with tumor resection operation, the electric field ablation and the like can accurately distinguish tumor tissues from normal tissues, and the phenomena of incomplete resection or normal tissue resection and the like can be avoided.

3. Compared with other microwave ablation, the high-voltage steep pulse electric field ablation does not ablate tumor tissues by thermal effect damage, and does not cause damage to normal tissues and inflammation after cell necrosis.

4. The whole operation process is visual and noninvasive, and the pain of the patient is reduced to the maximum extent.

5. Compared with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the composition has the advantages of little side effect and no influence on normal life of patients.

6. The catheter has exquisite and compact structural design, can be placed in an endoscope, enters a cavity channel along with the endoscope to find a focus, and is easy to operate

7. The catheter is provided with a measuring electrode to provide the measurement of the biological impedance, and the operator can further judge the effect and the degree of the tumor tissue ablation according to the impedance value.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a balloon electrode catheter in a retracted state according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the balloon electrode catheter in a supporting state according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal detail view mechanism of the catheter of the present invention;

the device comprises a 1-electrode lantern ring a, a 2-electrode lantern ring b, a 3-electrode lantern ring c, a 4-electrode lantern ring d, a 5-balloon a, a 6-balloon b, a 7-metal claw cage a, an 8-metal claw cage b, a 9-catheter a, a 10-measuring electrode a, a 11-measuring electrode b, a 12-lead and a 13-catheter b.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A balloon electrode catheter for ablation of luminal tract tissue, comprising a catheter a9, a catheter b (13) disposed inside the catheter a (9);

the outer surface of the catheter a (9) is sequentially provided with an electrode lantern ring a (1), a balloon b (6), an electrode lantern ring b (2), a measuring electrode a (10), a measuring electrode b (11), an electrode lantern ring c (3), a balloon a (5) and an electrode lantern ring d (4) from left to right;

a metal claw cage b (8) is arranged between the electrode lantern ring a (1) and the electrode lantern ring b (2); a metal claw cage a (7) is arranged between the electrode lantern ring c (3) and the electrode lantern ring d (4);

the electrode lantern ring b (2) and the electrode lantern ring c (3) are fixedly connected with the catheter a (9);

the electrode lantern ring a (1) and the electrode lantern ring d (4) can freely slide in the catheter a (9);

the conduit b (13) is a flexible hollow cylindrical pipe body, and the outer surface of the conduit b is provided with 4 wires (12) which are spirally wound at equal intervals; the lead (12) is respectively connected with the electrode lantern ring b (2), the electrode lantern ring c (3), the measuring electrode a (10) and the measuring electrode b (11);

the electrode lantern ring a (1), the electrode lantern ring b (2), the metal claw cage b (8) and the balloon b (6) jointly form a balloon electrode catheter positive electrode structure; the electrode lantern ring c (3), the electrode lantern ring d (4), the balloon a (5) and the metal claw cage a (7) jointly form a balloon electrode catheter negative electrode structure;

the metal claw cage a (7) comprises at least two elastic conductive metal wires; one end of an elastic conductive metal wire arranged on the metal claw cage a (7) is connected with the electrode lantern ring a (1), and the other end of the elastic conductive metal wire is connected with the electrode lantern ring b (2);

the metal claw cage b (8) comprises at least two elastic conductive metal wires; one end of an elastic conductive metal wire arranged on the metal claw cage b (8) is connected with the electrode lantern ring c (3), and the other end of the elastic conductive metal wire is connected with the electrode lantern ring d (4);

and a ventilation hole is arranged at the joint of the catheter a (9), the sacculus a (5) and the sacculus b (6).

The measuring electrode a (10) and the measuring electrode b (11) are used for measuring impedance, and the distance between the measuring electrode a and the measuring electrode b is d 1; d1 is specifically: d1 is more than 0cm and less than 3 cm.

The electrode sleeve ring comprises an electrode sleeve ring a (1), an electrode sleeve ring b (2), an electrode sleeve ring c (3), an electrode sleeve ring d (4), a measuring electrode a (10) and a measuring electrode b (11), wherein a metal claw cage a (7) and a metal claw cage b (8) are electric conductors; the balloon a (5) and the balloon b (6) are insulators.

The length of the conduit a (9), the conduit b (13) and the lead (12) is more than 1 m.

It needs to be further explained that:

the attached figures 1-3 show the terminal of the whole catheter, namely the core structure of the balloon electrode catheter, the length of the catheter a, the catheter b and the lead arranged on the balloon electrode catheter is more than 1 meter, and the other end of the balloon electrode catheter is connected with an operating handle and a high-voltage pulse instrument except the core structure.

The invention provides a balloon electrode catheter for ablation of cavitary tissues, which is characterized in that 4 surface-insulated wires are uniformly wound outside a catheter b and then sleeved into a thinner catheter a, wherein the catheters a and b are made of insulating materials, and the 4 wires are respectively connected with an electrode lantern ring b, an electrode lantern ring c, a measuring electrode a and a measuring electrode b.

Outside the catheter a, electrode lantern rings a, b, c and d (conductive), saccules a and b (insulating), measuring electrodes a and b (conductive) and metal claw cages a and b (conductive) are respectively sleeved. The electrode lantern rings a and b, the metal claw cage b and the balloon b jointly form a balloon electrode catheter positive electrode structure, one positive electrode and one negative electrode of the measuring electrode are used for measuring the impedance of tumor tissues, and the other parts are negative electrodes. The metal claw cage is composed of more than two conductive metal wires with certain elasticity, two ends of the metal claw cage are fixed on two electrode lantern rings, the electrode lantern rings b and c are fixed on the catheter a, the relative positions of the electrode lantern rings b and c are determined according to the size and distribution condition of tumors in the cavity of a patient, and the electrode lantern rings a and d can slide on the catheter a without being fixed. The two balloons are also fixed on the catheter a after being positioned in a certain position according to the condition of a patient, and the catheter a is ventilated at the balloon position by leaving air holes. The conduit b is hollow as a liquid or gas passage. The positions of the measuring electrodes a and b are determined according to the disease focus condition, and the measuring electrodes are ensured not to be in contact with other electrodes.