阅读说明：本技术 一种矿源黄腐酸与无机盐肥料的复合肥及其制备方法和应用 (Compound fertilizer of mineral source fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 王德兵 赵建华 张梓榆 于 2019-11-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种矿源黄腐酸与无机盐肥料的复合肥。该复合肥利用矿源黄腐酸和中、微量元素进行结晶,经重新结晶,形成小结晶体；该复合肥水不溶物达到0.5％以下。由以下百分比组分经重新结晶制成：矿源黄腐酸钾占比10-12％；无机盐肥料占比80-85％(其中氮肥40-45％,磷肥18-20％,钾肥18-20％)；中量元素肥占比3.5-5.5％；微量元素肥占比1.5-3.5％。本发明不仅可为作物生长提供充足的有机、无机养分,刺激和促进作物生长,提高土壤中有机氮含量,促进磷、钾在土壤中的活性和有效性,发挥其固氮、解磷、解钾作用,提高肥料利用率。(The invention discloses a compound fertilizer of mineral fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer. The compound fertilizer utilizes mineral fulvic acid and medium and trace elements for crystallization, and forms small crystals after recrystallization; the water-insoluble substance of the compound fertilizer reaches below 0.5 percent. The compound is prepared by recrystallizing the following components in percentage by weight: mineral source potassium fulvate accounts for 10-12%; the inorganic salt fertilizer accounts for 80-85% (wherein the nitrogen fertilizer accounts for 40-45%, the phosphate fertilizer accounts for 18-20%, and the potassium fertilizer accounts for 18-20%); the percentage of the medium element fertilizer is 3.5-5.5%; the proportion of the trace element fertilizer is 1.5-3.5%. The invention can not only provide sufficient organic and inorganic nutrients for the growth of crops, stimulate and promote the growth of crops, improve the content of organic nitrogen in soil, promote the activity and effectiveness of phosphorus and potassium in soil, play the roles of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolution and potassium dissolution and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.)

1. A compound fertilizer of mineral source fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer is characterized in that: mineral fulvic acid and medium and trace elements are used for crystallization, and a small crystal is formed after recrystallization; the water-insoluble substance of the compound fertilizer reaches below 0.5 percent.

2. The compound fertilizer of mineral fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mineral fulvic acid is derived from mineral potassium fulvate; the mineral source fulvic acid potassium is further purified and filtered, the solid content reaches 99.99%, the insoluble substances are 0.01%, and the mineral source fulvic acid content reaches 50-55%.

3. The compound fertilizer of mineral source fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer is characterized by being prepared by recrystallizing the following components in percentage by weight:

mineral source potassium fulvate accounts for 10-12%;

the inorganic salt fertilizer accounts for 80-85% (wherein the nitrogen fertilizer accounts for 40-45%, the phosphate fertilizer accounts for 18-20%, and the potassium fertilizer accounts for 18-20%);

the percentage of the medium element fertilizer is 3.5-5.5%;

the proportion of the trace element fertilizer is 1.5-3.5%.

4. The compound fertilizer of mineral fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the mineral fulvic acid is derived from mineral potassium fulvate; the mineral source fulvic acid potassium is further purified and filtered, the solid content reaches 99.99%, the insoluble substances are 0.01%, and the mineral source fulvic acid content reaches 50-55%.

5. The compound fertilizer of mineral fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the inorganic salt fertilizer contains the effective components of nitrogen element, phosphorus element and potassium element required for plant growth, and contains N, P₂O₅、K₂O, respectively coming from a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer;

wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is one or more of ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium bicarbonate, melamine, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and ammonium sulfate; the phosphate fertilizer is one or more of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate and nitrophosphate; the potassium fertilizer is one or more of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.

6. The compound fertilizer of mineral fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the effective components of the secondary element fertilizer are sulfur element, magnesium element and calcium element which are required by the growth of plants and come from the secondary element fertilizer;

the secondary element fertilizer is selected from a sulfur fertilizer, a magnesium fertilizer and a calcium fertilizer; wherein the sulfur fertilizer is one or more of ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and potassium sulfate; the magnesium fertilizer is one or more of magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, potash magnesium fertilizer, magnesium ammonium phosphate and magnesite; the calcium fertilizer is one or more of calcium magnesium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate and calcium carbonate.

7. The compound fertilizer of mineral fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the effective component of the microelement fertilizer is one or more of boron element, zinc element, copper element, manganese element, molybdenum element and iron element which are required by the growth of the plant, and is derived from the microelement fertilizer;

the trace element fertilizer is selected from one or more of boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, copper fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer and iron fertilizer; wherein the boron fertilizer is one or more of boric acid, borax, boron magnesium fertilizer, boron-containing calcium superphosphate and boron-containing glass fertilizer; the zinc fertilizer is one or more of zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, zinc oxide, zinc carbonate and chelated zinc; the copper fertilizer is one or more of copper sulfate, copper chloride, cuprous oxide, copper nitrate, copper carbonate, copper ammonium phosphate and chelated copper; the manganese fertilizer is one or more of manganese sulfate, manganese nitrate, manganese chloride, manganese oxide, manganese carbonate and chelated manganese; the molybdenum fertilizer is one or more of sodium molybdate, calcium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, molybdenum trioxide and molybdenum-containing glass fertilizer; the iron fertilizer is one or more of ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ammonium ferric phosphate and chelated iron.

8. A preparation method of a compound fertilizer of mineral source fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) adding 10-12% of mineral source potassium fulvate, 80-85% of inorganic salt fertilizer (wherein 40-45% of nitrogen fertilizer, 18-20% of phosphate fertilizer and 18-20% of potassium fertilizer), 3.5-5.5% of medium element fertilizer and 1.5-3.5% of trace element fertilizer into a reaction kettle in proportion, and heating for 30-35 minutes by using high-temperature steam at 250 ℃ with 245-;

2) stopping steam heating, circulating cold water in a coil pipe of the reaction kettle, and cooling the mixture in the reaction kettle for 1.5-2 hours;

3) discharging the mixture in the reaction kettle into a container with a wolf tooth rod for dispersion treatment, cooling and screening the dispersed material, and subpackaging into finished products.

9. The use of a compound fertilizer of mineral fulvic acid and an inorganic salt fertilizer as defined in any one of claims 1 to 8 in the preparation of a fertilizer for promoting crop growth.

10. The use of claim 9, wherein: the crops comprise field crops, fruit trees and vegetables;

when the fertilizer is used on field crops, 50-80 kg of the fertilizer is applied per mu; after the crops grow to the middle and later stages, 25-40 kilograms of topdressing is used per mu;

when the fertilizer is used on fruit trees, 80-100 kg of fertilizer is applied per mu; topdressing with 50-60 kg per mu;

when the fertilizer is used on vegetables, 60-90 kg of fertilizer is applied per mu; the first time of topdressing amount is 20-30 kg per mu; the amount of the second topdressing is 50-80 kg per mu;

the fertilizing method is to perform broadcasting, furrow application, hole application, flushing application or drip irrigation according to different crops.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a compound fertilizer of mineral fulvic acid and an inorganic salt fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof, belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a recrystallized compound fertilizer of mineral fulvic acid and an inorganic salt fertilizer, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Fulvic acid is a gray-black powder substance dissolved in water. It is a broad-spectrum plant growth regulator, and has the functions of promoting plant growth, especially properly controlling the opening degree of leaf stomata of crops, reducing transpiration, resisting drought, raising stress resistance, increasing yield and improving quality. The application is as follows: it is used for spraying on crops, resisting drought and hot air. Used for medical treatment, has effects of enhancing immunity, regulating gastrointestinal function, resisting tumor, stopping bleeding, relieving inflammation, promoting blood circulation, and removing blood stasis, and has good therapeutic effect on hypertension and gynecological diseases. The feed additive can increase the appetite, tenderness and fat of live pigs; the laying rate of the chicken is improved by 15.5 percent, the hatchability of the chicken is improved by 21.8 percent, the healthy chick rate is improved by 15 to 20 percent, and livestock diseases and fowl plague are prevented. Also used in industry, cigar coloring agent, ceramic additive, mineral separation inhibitor, cathode expanding agent of accumulator, heavy metal ion adsorbent, etc.

At present, humic acid and partial fertilizer are used in a simple mixing mode, the regulation effect on soil is not obvious, the fertilizer efficiency is not long enough, and pipe blockage accidents can be caused to drip irrigation equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer product obtained by recrystallizing mineral fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer, which has comprehensive nutrient components and is convenient to obtain materials.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method and application of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer product obtained by recrystallizing the mineral fulvic acid and the inorganic salt fertilizer.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a compound fertilizer of mineral source fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer, which utilizes the mineral source fulvic acid to crystallize medium and trace elements, and forms small crystals through recrystallization; the water-insoluble substance of the compound fertilizer reaches below 0.5 percent.

Further, the mineral fulvic acid is derived from mineral potassium fulvate; the mineral source fulvic acid potassium is further purified and filtered, the solid content reaches 99.99%, the insoluble substances are 0.01%, and the mineral source fulvic acid content reaches 50-55%.

The invention provides a compound fertilizer of mineral source fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer, which is prepared by recrystallizing the following components in percentage by weight:

mineral source potassium fulvate accounts for 10-12%;

the inorganic salt fertilizer accounts for 80-85% (wherein the nitrogen fertilizer accounts for 40-45%, the phosphate fertilizer accounts for 18-20%, and the potassium fertilizer accounts for 18-20%);

the percentage of the medium element fertilizer is 3.5-5.5%;

the proportion of the trace element fertilizer is 1.5-3.5%.

Further, the mineral fulvic acid is derived from mineral potassium fulvate; the mineral source fulvic acid potassium is further purified and filtered, the solid content reaches 99.99%, the insoluble substances are 0.01%, and the mineral source fulvic acid content reaches 50-55%.

Further, the effective components of the inorganic salt fertilizer are nitrogen element, phosphorus element and potassium element which are required for providing plants with growth, and the inorganic salt fertilizer comprises N, P₂O₅、K₂O, respectively coming from a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer;

wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is one or more of ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium bicarbonate, melamine, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate and ammonium sulfate; the phosphate fertilizer is one or more of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate and nitrophosphate; the potassium fertilizer is one or more of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.

Further, the effective components of the secondary element fertilizer are sulfur element, magnesium element and calcium element which are required by the growth of the plants and come from the secondary element fertilizer;

the secondary element fertilizer is selected from a sulfur fertilizer, a magnesium fertilizer and a calcium fertilizer; wherein the sulfur fertilizer is one or more of ammonium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and potassium sulfate; the magnesium fertilizer is one or more of magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, potash magnesium fertilizer, magnesium ammonium phosphate and magnesite; the calcium fertilizer is one or more of calcium magnesium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate and calcium carbonate.

Further, the effective component of the microelement fertilizer is one or more of boron element, zinc element, copper element, manganese element, molybdenum element and iron element which are required by the growth of the plants and come from the microelement fertilizer;

the trace element fertilizer is selected from one or more of boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer, copper fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer and iron fertilizer; wherein the boron fertilizer is one or more of boric acid, borax, boron magnesium fertilizer, boron-containing calcium superphosphate and boron-containing glass fertilizer; the zinc fertilizer is one or more of zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride, zinc oxide, zinc carbonate and chelated zinc; the copper fertilizer is one or more of copper sulfate, copper chloride, cuprous oxide, copper nitrate, copper carbonate, copper ammonium phosphate and chelated copper; the manganese fertilizer is one or more of manganese sulfate, manganese nitrate, manganese chloride, manganese oxide, manganese carbonate and chelated manganese; the molybdenum fertilizer is one or more of sodium molybdate, calcium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, molybdenum trioxide and molybdenum-containing glass fertilizer; the iron fertilizer is one or more of ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, ammonium ferric phosphate and chelated iron.

The invention provides a preparation method of a compound fertilizer of mineral source fulvic acid and an inorganic salt fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:

1) adding 10-12% of mineral source fulvic acid potassium, 80-85% of inorganic salt fertilizer (wherein 40-45% of nitrogen fertilizer, 18-20% of phosphate fertilizer and 18-20% of potassium fertilizer), 3.5-5.5% of medium element fertilizer and 1.5-3.5% of trace element fertilizer into a reaction kettle in proportion, heating for 30-35 minutes by high-temperature steam at 250 ℃ with 245-;

2) stopping steam heating, circulating cold water in a coil pipe of the reaction kettle, and cooling the mixture in the reaction kettle for 1.5-2 hours;

3) discharging the mixture in the reaction kettle into a container with a wolf tooth rod for dispersion treatment, cooling and screening the dispersed material, and subpackaging into finished products.

In addition, the invention further provides application of the compound fertilizer of the mineral fulvic acid and the inorganic salt fertilizer in preparation of a fertilizer for promoting crop growth.

Further, the crops comprise field crops, fruit trees and vegetables;

when the fertilizer is used on field crops, 50-80 kg of the fertilizer is applied per mu; after the crops grow to the middle and later stages, 25-40 kilograms of topdressing is used per mu;

when the fertilizer is used on fruit trees, 80-100 kg of fertilizer is applied per mu; topdressing with 50-60 kg per mu;

when the fertilizer is used on vegetables, 60-90 kg of fertilizer is applied per mu; the first time of topdressing amount is 20-30 kg per mu; the amount of the second topdressing is 50-80 kg per mu;

the fertilizing method is to perform broadcasting, furrow application, hole application, flushing application or drip irrigation according to different crops.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the product of the invention is an organic and inorganic complex, improves the stress resistance of crops, improves the quality of the crops and improves the yield.

2) The product of the invention has excellent water solubility, and the common problem at present is that organic and inorganic substances are combined together, so insoluble substances are easy to generate. However, the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer prepared according to the scheme has excellent water solubility, and the water insoluble substance reaches below 0.5 percent.

3) The invention solves the problem that other existing compound fertilizers contain harmful substances such as heavy metals, free acids, sodium ions, chloride ions and the like, and the product does not contain the harmful substances such as heavy metals and the like.

4) The invention can not only provide sufficient organic and inorganic nutrients for the growth of crops, stimulate and promote the growth of crops, improve the content of organic nitrogen in soil, promote the activity and effectiveness of phosphorus and potassium in soil, play the roles of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolution and potassium dissolution and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention relates to a production process of an inorganic and organic compound fertilizer by using mineral fulvic acid and medium trace elements for crystallization. The complex is in powder form and forms small crystals after recrystallization. The element components comprise carbon hydrogen oxygen, nitrogen phosphorus potassium, sulfur calcium magnesium, copper zinc boron, iron manganese copper and the like.

Wherein, the compound fertilizer has excellent water solubility, the water-insoluble substance is less than 0.5 percent, and the concrete is shown in the following table 1.

TABLE 1 detection of water-insoluble substances in products

And the detection data of the harmful substances are shown in the following table 2.

TABLE 2 detection of harmful substances in products

The invention is characterized in that the fertilizer can not only provide sufficient organic and inorganic nutrients for the growth of crops, stimulate and promote the growth of crops, improve the content of organic nitrogen in soil, promote the activity and effectiveness of phosphorus and potassium in soil, play the roles of nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolution and potassium dissolution and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer.

The product of the invention is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:

the mineral source fulvic acid potassium accounts for 10-12%, the inorganic salt fertilizer accounts for 80-85% (wherein the nitrogen fertilizer accounts for 40-45%, the phosphate fertilizer accounts for 18-20%, and the potassium fertilizer accounts for 18-20%), the secondary element fertilizer accounts for 3.5-5.5%, and the trace element fertilizer accounts for 1.5-3.5%.

The mineral fulvic acid is from mineral fulvic acid potassium, the mineral fulvic acid potassium is further purified and filtered, the solid content reaches 99.99%, and the insoluble substance is 0.01%, wherein the mineral fulvic acid reaches 50-55%.

The preparation method comprises the steps of adding the components into a reaction kettle in proportion, heating for 30-35 minutes by using high-temperature steam at the temperature of 245-250 ℃, so that all materials are in a molten state, and the molecules of the mineral fulvic acid are fully permeated into the molecules of the inorganic salt fertilizer, the medium-element elements and the trace elements, and a colloid-like mirror-like mixed material is formed on the surface.

Stopping steam heating, circulating cold water in a coil pipe of the reaction kettle, cooling the mixture in the reaction kettle, discharging the mixture in the reaction kettle into a container with a wolf tooth rod for dispersion after 1.5-2 hours, cooling and screening the dispersed material, and subpackaging into finished products.

The invention is obtained by utilizing the complexation and permeability of the potassium fulvate, and the characteristic that part of inorganic salt fertilizer undergoes a series of chemical reactions of high-temperature reaction and then is subjected to secondary crystallization with the potassium fulvate.

The invention also discloses the application of the compound fertilizer of mineral source fulvic acid and inorganic salt fertilizer in preparing fertilizer for promoting the growth of crops, wherein the crops comprise field crops, fruit trees and vegetables; the following amounts were used:

when the fertilizer is used on field crops, 50-80 kg of the fertilizer is applied per mu; after the crops grow to the middle and later stages, 25-40 kilograms of topdressing is used per mu;

when the fertilizer is used on fruit trees, 80-100 kg of fertilizer is applied per mu; topdressing with 50-60 kg per mu;

when the fertilizer is used on vegetables, 60-90 kg of fertilizer is applied per mu; the first time of topdressing amount is 20-30 kg per mu; the second time of topdressing amount is 50-80 kg/mu

The invention will now be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.