阅读说明：本技术 一种改性β-环糊精制备可降解仿生鱼饵的方法 (Method for preparing degradable bionic bait by using modified beta-cyclodextrin ) 是由 马汝霖 段晓辉 于 2019-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种改性β-环糊精制备可降解仿生鱼饵的方法,涉及仿生鱼饵技术领域,包括以下步骤：(1)β-环糊精浆液的制备,(2)β-环糊精的物理改性,(3)β-环糊精的化学改性,(4)辅料的制备,(5)鱼饵的成型；本发明以β-环糊精作为鱼饵加工的主要原料,通过物理改性和化学改性相结合的方式来改善β-环糊精的加工性能,并通过辅料的配合添加制得仿生鱼饵；所制鱼饵的力学性能适中,可以被加工成不同形状,并且生物降解性好,能够在短时间内被环境降解,从而避免对环境造成污染。(The invention discloses a method for preparing degradable bionic bait by modified beta-cyclodextrin, relating to the technical field of bionic bait and comprising the following steps: (1) preparing beta-cyclodextrin slurry, (2) physically modifying the beta-cyclodextrin, (3) chemically modifying the beta-cyclodextrin, (4) preparing auxiliary materials, and (5) forming bait; the bionic bait is prepared by taking beta-cyclodextrin as a main raw material for processing the bait, improving the processing performance of the beta-cyclodextrin in a mode of combining physical modification and chemical modification and adding auxiliary materials; the prepared bait has moderate mechanical property, can be processed into different shapes, has good biodegradability, and can be degraded by the environment in a short time, thereby avoiding the pollution to the environment.)

1. A method for preparing degradable bionic bait by using modified beta-cyclodextrin is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) preparation of beta-cyclodextrin slurry: heating water to 70-90 ℃, adding beta-cyclodextrin, stirring to completely dissolve the beta-cyclodextrin, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, adding water under stirring to prevent the beta-cyclodextrin from being separated out, and obtaining beta-cyclodextrin slurry;

(2) physical modification of beta-cyclodextrin: transferring the prepared beta-cyclodextrin slurry with the temperature of 70-90 ℃ into an environment with the temperature of-15 ℃ for stirring, heating to a reflux state at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and then preserving heat for stirring to finish the physical modification of the beta-cyclodextrin;

(3) chemical modification of beta-cyclodextrin: adding epoxy propionic acid into the physically modified beta-cyclodextrin slurry, adding water under stirring to completely dissolve the epoxy propionic acid, then dropwise adding concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring at 70-90 ℃ under heat preservation, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain paste after reaction, naturally cooling the paste to room temperature, feeding the paste into a freeze dryer, and drying the obtained solid to obtain micro powder through a superfine pulverizer to obtain modified beta-cyclodextrin;

(4) preparing auxiliary materials: the auxiliary materials comprise magnesium aluminum silicate, hydrogenated castor oil, pigment and phagostimulant;

(5) forming the bait: and adding the modified beta-cyclodextrin and auxiliary materials into an internal mixer for mixing, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and then performing injection molding by using an injection molding machine to obtain the bait.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the pigment is edible pigment.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the phagostimulant is one or more of ethyl maltol, citronellal, vanillin and coumarin.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mixing temperature is 120-140 ℃.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the granulation temperature is 135-155 ℃.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the injection molding temperature is 165-185 ℃, the injection molding pressure is 70-90MPa, and the mold temperature is 30-40 ℃.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the technical field of bionic bait, in particular to a method for preparing degradable bionic bait by modified beta-cyclodextrin.

Background art:

in recent years, the application of artificial bionic bait is more and more extensive. The bionic bait is manufactured by utilizing the law that big fishes eat small fishes, and can float in water by utilizing the buoyancy of the bionic bait and the traction of a hook line. The fish hook on the bionic bait has strong killing power, the fish is difficult to escape once biting, and compared with the traditional bait, the bait omits the procedure of preparing the bait, thereby being popular with consumers.

At present, the bionic bait sold in the market is good in fishing effect, but is made of plastics with high strength, the degradation speed is very slow, and even the bionic bait cannot be degraded, the bait can cause environmental pollution after falling into water, and the bait is phagocytosed by fishes and then can cause great harm to the fishes. In order to solve the problem, people have recently developed degradable bionic bait, which mostly uses PVA or polylactic acid as a processing raw material, but it is difficult to have good mechanical properties and biodegradability at the same time.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing degradable bionic bait by using modified beta-cyclodextrin, the method has clear operation control parameters, realizes the new application of the beta-cyclodextrin as a main material for preparing the bait, and the prepared bait has good mechanical property and biodegradability.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a method for preparing degradable bionic bait by using modified beta-cyclodextrin comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of beta-cyclodextrin slurry: heating water to 70-90 ℃, adding beta-cyclodextrin, stirring to completely dissolve the beta-cyclodextrin, adding absolute ethyl alcohol, adding water under stirring to prevent the beta-cyclodextrin from being separated out, and obtaining beta-cyclodextrin slurry;

(2) physical modification of beta-cyclodextrin: transferring the prepared beta-cyclodextrin slurry with the temperature of 70-90 ℃ into an environment with the temperature of-15 ℃ for stirring, heating to a reflux state at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and then preserving heat for stirring to finish the physical modification of the beta-cyclodextrin;

(3) chemical modification of beta-cyclodextrin: adding epoxy propionic acid into the physically modified beta-cyclodextrin slurry, adding water under stirring to completely dissolve the epoxy propionic acid, then dropwise adding concentrated sulfuric acid, stirring at 70-90 ℃ under heat preservation, concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain paste after reaction, naturally cooling the paste to room temperature, feeding the paste into a freeze dryer, and drying the obtained solid to obtain micro powder through a superfine pulverizer to obtain modified beta-cyclodextrin;

(4) preparing auxiliary materials: the auxiliary materials comprise magnesium aluminum silicate, hydrogenated castor oil, pigment and phagostimulant;

(5) forming the bait: and adding the modified beta-cyclodextrin and auxiliary materials into an internal mixer for mixing, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and then performing injection molding by using an injection molding machine to obtain the bait.

The pigment is edible pigment.

The phagostimulant is one or more of ethyl maltol, citronellal, vanillin and coumarin.

The mixing temperature is 120-140 ℃.

The granulation temperature is 135-155 ℃.

The injection molding temperature is 165-185 ℃, the injection molding pressure is 70-90MPa, and the mold temperature is 30-40 ℃.

The invention takes the beta-cyclodextrin as the main raw material for processing the bait, the beta-cyclodextrin has wide sources, relatively low cost and good biodegradability, but the beta-cyclodextrin easily forms stable hydrate after absorbing water, thereby influencing the degradability; meanwhile, the processing plasticity of the beta-cyclodextrin is weak, a plasticizer is required to be additionally added when the bait with a specific shape is prepared, and the conventional plasticizer is difficult to degrade, so that the beta-cyclodextrin is modified and a mode of combining physical modification and chemical modification is adopted.

The flexibility of a molecular chain of the beta-cyclodextrin is enhanced through a physical modification mode, so that on one hand, the beta-cyclodextrin is beneficial to uniform blending with subsequent auxiliary materials to ensure that the auxiliary materials play the established effect; on the other hand, the degradability of the beta-cyclodextrin is improved by destroying the stable hydrate forming mode of the beta-cyclodextrin, and the degradation time of the beta-cyclodextrin is shortened.

According to the invention, the glycidic acid is used as a modifier, and the processing formability of beta-cyclodextrin in bait preparation is further improved by using the esterification reaction of the glycidic acid and the beta-cyclodextrin, so that the problem of difficult degradation caused by the addition of a plasticizer is avoided; and the mechanical property of the prepared bait is ensured, so that the bait fully plays a role in trapping. Wherein, concentrated sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst for esterification reaction.

The auxiliary materials in the step (4) also comprise 1, 3-diglycidyl ether glycerol.

According to the invention, the 1, 3-diglycidyl ether glycerol is additionally added into the auxiliary materials, so that the mechanical property of the bait can be further improved, and the degradability of the bait is not excessively influenced. The 1, 3-diglycidyl ether glycerol is not a conventional substance used in the field for preparing bait, and the common general knowledge in the field does not give any technical suggestion that the 1, 3-diglycidyl ether glycerol is used as a raw material for preparing bait.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the bionic bait is prepared by taking beta-cyclodextrin as a main raw material for processing the bait, improving the processing performance of the beta-cyclodextrin in a mode of combining physical modification and chemical modification and adding auxiliary materials; the prepared bait has moderate mechanical property, can be processed into different shapes, has good biodegradability, and can be degraded by the environment in a short time, thereby avoiding the pollution to the environment.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

The β -cyclodextrin in the following examples and comparative examples was obtained from Hubei Xin Runde chemical Co., Ltd, magnesium aluminum silicate was obtained from Hatoreite F, Nanjing Haimines New Material science Co., Ltd, hydrogenated castor oil was obtained from Kukui (Guangzhou) high New Material science Co., Ltd, ethyl maltol was obtained from the chemical research institute of Hubei Xin kang pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, beet Red was obtained from beet Red E4, which is obtained from Zhuhai Jing Hao Biotechnology Co., Ltd, and polylactic acid was obtained from Zhejiang Hai Zhengh.