Coal tar coking inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种煤焦油结焦抑制剂及其制备方法和应用 (Coal tar coking inhibitor and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 胡幼元 段华山 于 2019-10-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种煤焦油结焦抑制剂,该煤焦油结焦抑制剂包括以下原料,各原料由以下重量百分比的组分组成：沥青质分散剂25％～40％、抗氧化剂10％～25％、自由基减活剂10％～25％、金属表面钝化剂1％～5％及溶剂30％～40％。本发明还提出了一种煤焦油结焦抑制剂的制备方法及应用。本发明的煤焦油结焦抑制剂加工工艺简单,通过添加占重量0.03-0.05％就能够使煤焦油在高温加工过程中有效抑制和延缓加热炉、换热器和反应器等高温设备结焦,从而延长装置的开工周期。(The invention provides a coal tar coking inhibitor which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25-40% of asphaltene dispersant, 10-25% of antioxidant, 10-25% of free radical deactivator, 1-5% of metal surface deactivator and 30-40% of solvent. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the coal tar coking inhibitor. The coal tar coking inhibitor has simple processing technology, and can effectively inhibit and delay coking of high-temperature equipment such as a heating furnace, a heat exchanger, a reactor and the like in the high-temperature processing process by adding the coal tar coking inhibitor accounting for 0.03-0.05% of the weight, thereby prolonging the start-up period of the device.)
1. The coal tar coking inhibitor is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25-40% of asphaltene dispersant, 10-25% of antioxidant, 10-25% of free radical deactivator, 1-5% of metal surface deactivator and 30-40% of solvent.
2. The coal tar coking inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the asphaltene dispersant is one or more of long-chain alkyl acid and sodium salt thereof, long-chain olefinic acid, long-chain dimer acid, long-chain alkyl alcohol, long-chain alkylphenol, long-chain alkylamine, enamine and polymer thereof, and long-chain alkyl acid polyol monoester having amphiphilic structure.
3. The coal tar coking inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant comprises one or more of aromatic amines, hindered phenols, organic phosphoric acid/phosphorous acid mono-or diesters, and the like.
4. The coal tar coking inhibitor according to claim 1 wherein the free radical deactivator comprises one or more of a cycloalkylaromatic compound or a phenolic inhibitor.
5. The coal tar coking inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the metal surface passivating agent is one or more of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound benzotriazole and derivatives thereof, imidazoline and derivatives thereof.
6. The coal tar coking inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is one or more of benzene, toluene, xylene, trimethylbenzene, kerosene, light diesel oil and wash oil.
7. A preparation method of a coal tar coking inhibitor is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) preparing materials according to a set mass percentage in advance;
2) adding a certain amount of solvent into a blending device according to a certain proportion, and starting a stirrer for stirring;
3) and sequentially adding solid raw materials in an antioxidant, a free radical deactivator, a metal surface passivator and an asphaltene dispersant, heating to a temperature T required by blending, adding liquid raw materials in the antioxidant, the free radical deactivator, the metal surface passivator and the asphaltene dispersant after uniform mixing, and cooling to below 35 ℃ after uniform mixing to obtain the coal tar coking inhibitor.
8. The method for preparing the coal tar coking inhibitor according to claim 7, wherein the temperature T is 45-180 ℃, and the stirring speed is 80-500 rpm.
9. The application of the coal tar coking inhibitor is characterized in that the coal tar coking inhibitor is added into a heating homogenizer with coal tar according to the proportion of 0.03-0.05 percent of the total weight of the coal tar.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry, in particular to a coal tar coking inhibitor for preventing coal tar from coking, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Coal tar is a main raw material in the coal chemical industry, is a black or black brown viscous liquid obtained in the coal coking process, namely a black liquid extracted after coal carbonization, and can be divided into low-temperature coal tar (450-. The coal tar is quite complex in component, mainly comprises polycyclic aromatic compounds, has low content of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons, more high-boiling-point components and good thermal stability, wherein the content of naphthalene is high, and the relative content of the rest is low, and the coal tar mainly comprises 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene, dibenzofuran, anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, pyrene and the like. The properties of each component of the tar are different, but the properties are similar to those of more components, various fractions are required to be cut by adopting a distillation method, single-component products to be extracted, such as phenol, naphthalene, anthracene and the like, are concentrated and concentrated into corresponding fractions, then physical and chemical methods are further utilized for separation, and the fraction before 170 ℃ is separated to be light oil; the fraction at 170-210 ℃ is mainly phenol oil; the fraction at 210-230 ℃ is mainly naphthalene oil; the fraction at 230-300 ℃ is mainly wash oil; the fraction at 280-360 ℃ is mainly anthracene oil; the primary distillation point of the dianthracene oil fraction is 310 ℃, and the distillation point of the dianthracene oil fraction is 400 ℃. In most cases, the method is adopted for separation and purification, and then the tar fractions are further processed to separate out various products.
In recent years, with continuous heavy and inferior crude oil in petrochemical industry, the production of light fuel oil by hydrogenation of partial or whole fractions of coal tar has attracted more and more attention, but due to the complexity of components of coal tar, coal tar contains many impurities which have adverse effects on subsequent processing and utilization, particularly colloid and asphaltene components in coal tar, and in the hydrogenation reaction process, as the asphaltene is composed of macromolecular hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon substances with large molecular weight and complex structure, the aromaticity is the largest, coking of high-temperature equipment such as a heating furnace, a heat exchanger and a reactor, carbon deposition and inactivation of catalysts are easily caused, even the reactor and pipelines are seriously blocked, and the start-up period is greatly influenced. Therefore, reducing or inhibiting the content of asphaltenes in coal tar is a key technology for the deep processing of coal tar.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a coal tar coking inhibitor for preventing and inhibiting coal tar coking, which has simple process and does not need specific reaction equipment and harsh reaction conditions, the prepared coal tar coking inhibitor can effectively inhibit the polymerization and coking processes of unsaturated matters in the coal tar at high temperature, can change the structures of scales and coked matters, is loose and easy to remove, and inhibits and delays coking of high-temperature equipment such as a heating furnace, a heat exchanger, a reactor and the like, thereby prolonging the start-up period of the device.
The technical scheme is realized as follows:
the invention discloses a coal tar coking inhibitor which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 25-40% of asphaltene dispersant, 10-25% of antioxidant, 10-25% of free radical deactivator, 1-5% of metal surface deactivator and 30-40% of solvent.
Further, the asphaltene dispersant is one or more of long-chain alkyl acid with an amphiphilic molecular structure and sodium salt thereof, long-chain olefine acid, long-chain dimer acid, long-chain alkyl alcohol, long-chain alkylphenol, long-chain alkylamine, enamine and polymer thereof, and long-chain alkyl acid polyol monoester.
Further, the antioxidant includes one or more of aromatic amines, hindered phenols, organic phosphoric acid/phosphorous acid mono-or diesters, and the like.
Further, the free radical deactivator comprises one or more of naphthenic base aromatic hydrocarbon compounds and phenolic polymerization inhibitors.
Further, the metal surface passivating agent is one or more of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound benzotriazole and derivatives thereof, imidazoline and derivatives thereof.
Further, the solvent is one or more of benzene, toluene, xylene, trimethylbenzene, kerosene, light diesel oil and wash oil.
The preparation method of the coal tar coking inhibitor comprises the following steps:
1) preparing materials according to a set mass percentage in advance;
2) adding a certain amount of solvent into a blending device according to a certain proportion, and starting a stirrer for stirring;
3) and sequentially adding solid raw materials in an antioxidant, a free radical deactivator, a metal surface passivator and an asphaltene dispersant, heating to a temperature T required by blending, adding liquid raw materials in the antioxidant, the free radical deactivator, the metal surface passivator and the asphaltene dispersant after uniform mixing, and cooling to below 35 ℃ after uniform mixing to obtain the coal tar coking inhibitor.
In the preparation method of the coal tar coking inhibitor, the temperature T is 45-180 ℃, and the stirring speed is 80-500 r/min.
In the application of the coal tar coking inhibitor, the coal tar coking inhibitor is added into a heating homogenizer with coal tar according to the proportion of 0.03-0.05 percent of the total weight of the coal tar.
The coal tar coking inhibitor, the preparation method and the application thereof have the following beneficial technical effects:
the coal tar coking inhibitor provided by the invention takes asphaltene dispersant, antioxidant, free radical deactivator, metal surface passivator and solvent as main raw materials, and the specific preparation method is as follows: adding a certain amount of solvent into a blending device according to a proportion, starting a stirrer for stirring, sequentially adding solid raw materials in an antioxidant, a free radical deactivator, a metal surface passivator and an asphaltene dispersant, heating to a blending required temperature T, adding liquid raw materials in the antioxidant, the free radical deactivator, the metal surface passivator and the asphaltene dispersant after uniform mixing, and cooling to below 35 ℃ after uniform mixing to obtain the coal tar coking inhibitor.
The coal tar coking inhibitor provided by the invention has the following use effect simulation test: adding a certain amount of coal tar into a heating homogenizer, then adding the coal tar coking inhibitor according to different proportions of 0.03-0.05% (mass ratio), heating, stirring at 2000-5000r/min, performing a simulated scaling test at 360 ℃ for 72 hours at the same flow rate, comparing with a blank coal tar simulated scaling test without adding the agent, and analyzing and detecting the scaling and coking conditions of the coal tar with the agent and the coal tar without the agent in a scaling pipe of a test device. The coal tar coking inhibitor has obvious beneficial effects on high-temperature coal tar and medium-temperature coal tar.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a coal tar coking inhibitor laboratory blending device;
FIG. 2 is a coal tar scaling simulation test device.
As shown in figure 1, the coal tar coking inhibitor laboratory blending device comprises: a constant temperature oil bath pot 1, a constant pressure funnel 2, a stirrer 3, a thermometer 4, a condenser 5 and a three-neck flask 6.
As shown in fig. 2, the coal tar scaling simulation test device comprises: the device comprises a
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
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