阅读说明：本技术 智能保险丝 (Intelligent fuse ) 是由 王淯 于 2019-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种智能保险丝,包括：两个电极、记忆金属、壳体。所述的记忆金属为弹簧形状,一头在壳体内固定在智能保险丝的电极上,另一头不固定在壳体内与壳体另一端的电极接触,用电器工作时电路元器件的温度可通过电极直接传到记忆金属弹簧。采用本技术方案后,智能保险丝在通电工作时,一旦用电气电子元件电阻产生的热量积累温度达到记忆金属变态温度时,高温通过电极传到记忆金属弹簧,记忆金属弹簧变态一端接触的电极与电源断路。断路后的智能保险丝停止对用电器电路通电工作,用电器电路元器件温度开始下降。当温度下降为常温后,智能保险丝恢复工作。保证了用电器电路内元器件始终工作在低于记忆金属变态温度的常温度状态,杜绝了用电器电路电流超负荷,内部电路元件电阻产生的热量积累温度大于电路元器件临界点自燃,造成起火、爆炸的因素。(The invention discloses an intelligent fuse, comprising: two electrodes, memory metal and a shell. The memory metal is in a spring shape, one end of the memory metal is fixed on an electrode of the intelligent fuse in the shell, the other end of the memory metal is not fixed in the shell and is in contact with the electrode at the other end of the shell, and the temperature of the circuit component can be directly transmitted to the memory metal spring through the electrode when the electrical appliance works. After the technical scheme is adopted, when the intelligent fuse works in a power-on mode, once the heat accumulation temperature generated by the resistance of the electric electronic element reaches the memory metal metamorphosis temperature, the high temperature is transmitted to the memory metal spring through the electrode, and the electrode contacted with the metamorphosis end of the memory metal spring is disconnected with the power supply. The intelligent fuse after the circuit is broken stops electrifying the electric appliance circuit to work, and the temperature of the electric appliance circuit components begins to drop. When the temperature is reduced to normal temperature, the intelligent fuse resumes working. The constant temperature state that components in the electric appliance circuit always work at the temperature lower than the memory metal metamorphosis temperature is ensured, the current overload of the electric appliance circuit is avoided, and the factors of fire and explosion caused by the fact that the accumulated heat temperature generated by the internal circuit component resistance is higher than the critical point of the circuit components and the components are spontaneously combusted are avoided.)

1. The intelligent fuse is formed by sequentially connecting electrodes, memory metal springs and electrodes on a shell, and is characterized in that: one end of the memory metal spring is fixed on the end electrode of the shell in the shell, and the other end of the memory metal spring is contacted with the other end electrode of the shell in the shell.

2. The smart fuse of claim 1, wherein: the memory metal spring can be made into a bent sheet shape.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fuse, in particular to an electronic element which can automatically cut off and switch on a circuit power supply according to load change during working.

Background

The fuse is an electronic component which is connected with an electric appliance circuit to be connected with a power supply and ensures the safety of the electric appliance circuit when in work. It is known that circuits for different purposes have different current load requirements, and fuses are generally used to control the current of various electrical circuits. If the circuit of the electrical appliance is in fault during working, and the load current is larger than the current which can be borne by the circuit element of the electrical appliance, the fuse can be fused, and the circuit stops working. The fuse wire fused in the circuit must be replaced, and the electrical appliance can continue to work, which is inconvenient. Meanwhile, when the electric appliance works for a long time, heat generated by the resistance of the component is easily accumulated into high-temperature spontaneous combustion. This problem has not been adequately solved to date.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fuse which can automatically disconnect or connect a circuit power supply according to the requirement of a circuit load when an electric appliance circuit is overloaded during working. When the intelligent fuse disclosed by the invention supplies power to a circuit, the internal resistance wire of the intelligent fuse is influenced by overload power supply or working for a long time, and when the heat generated by the impedance of the fuse is higher than the abnormal temperature of the fuse, the intelligent fuse can automatically change the state and break off the power supply of the circuit after being out of work. The electric appliance is ensured to work in the safe load current all the time. The service life of the fuse is prolonged, and the problems that after the conventional electric appliance works for a long time under an overload condition, heat generated by impedance of circuit components is accumulated to high temperature, so that the components are changed in quality to generate spontaneous combustion, personal casualties and property loss are solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an intelligent fuse comprises two electrodes, a memory metal spring and a shell. The shell is made of common insulating material glass, and the electrode is made of common conductive metal. It is well known that a memory metal is an alloy. It can be set to a desired shape at a transformation temperature and then optionally formed into a shape at a lower temperature, and when the temperature reaches the transformation temperature it can recover the set shape with memory, hence the name "memory metal". The memory metal in the intelligent fuse is in a spring shape, one end of the memory metal is fixed on one electrode of the fuse, the other end of the memory metal is not fixed, the memory metal is in contact with the other electrode of the fuse when power is supplied, and the temperature accumulated by the resistance of a component in a circuit can be directly transmitted to the memory metal spring through the electrode. Compressing the memory metal spring at the critical point temperature of the memory metal spring transformation, and then elongating the compressed memory metal spring at a low temperature, wherein the elongation degree is controlled when the intelligent fuse is electrified to an electric appliance circuit, and the elongated part of the memory metal spring can normally contact the other electrode of the fuse; after the technical scheme is adopted, when the intelligent fuse supplies power to an electric appliance circuit, once the current exceeds the load, when the heat accumulation temperature generated by the resistance of the internal components of the circuit reaches the metamorphosis temperature of the memory metal spring, the high temperature is transmitted to the memory metal spring through the electrode, and the elongation part of the memory metal spring immediately retracts to recover the shape during compression. The contact with the circuit connection electrode is removed, and the power supply which is electrified through the fuse is disconnected with the circuit. When the power supply is stopped, the temperature generated by the resistance of the components in the circuit is reduced due to the power failure. When the temperature is reduced to normal temperature, the intelligent fuse memory metal spring recovers an elongated shape. The elongated part is in contact connection with the electrode of the electrical appliance circuit, and the power supply restores the power supply to the electrical appliance circuit. According to the technical scheme, the intelligent fuse ensures that the memory metal spring is always in a safety state lower than the abnormal temperature in the process of electrifying the electric appliance circuit, and the factors of ignition, combustion and explosion caused by the fact that the accumulated heat temperature generated by the internal component resistor is too high to exceed the critical point of the component due to overload charging are avoided. The memory metal spring may also take the form of a metal strip which is bent at the critical temperature of memory metal transformation and then straightened at low temperature with one end fixed to one electrode and the other end held in contact with the other electrode. When the temperature of the memory metal reaches the critical temperature during working, the straightened part is restored to be in a bent shape and is separated from the contact with the other electrode to stop supplying power, so that the temperature of a circuit component is reduced. The memory metal spring is made of alloy materials which can be restored to the original shape after being heated and deformed, such as titanium-nickel alloy and copper-zinc alloy. The transformation temperature of the copper-zinc-aluminum alloy used in the method is 65-80 ℃.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent fuse:

in the figure, 1 is an electrode, 2 is a power supply clamping seat, 3 is a memory metal spring, 4 is an electrical appliance circuit clamping seat, 5 is an electrical appliance circuit, 6 is a power supply, and 7 is a shell

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the invention are further illustrated with reference to fig. 1: