阅读说明：本技术 一种太阳光追踪机构 (Sunlight tracking mechanism ) 是由 张祖涛 王浩 伊敏熠 张庭生 潘宏烨 罗大兵 潘亚嘉 于 2019-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种太阳光追踪机构,涉及机构设计领域。固定底板上设有槽型基座,顺槽型基座内侧的水平底面设有与滑块配合的滑轨,槽型基座外侧设有步进电机输出轴穿过所述槽壁并通过联轴器与丝杠的一端固连。丝杠螺母下表面与滑块上表面固结,丝杠螺母上表面与U型块底部固连,V字形连杆底部的连接部设有下通孔,中上部设有带轴心孔的定位环,转轴的中部与定位环轴心孔过盈配合；所述V字形连杆正方形连接板的上端面通过螺栓与中层支撑板固连；光伏支撑板底部相对的两边,一边设有两个凹形铰接头一,且与所述凸形铰接头通过销钉铰接；直线电机的底部通过销钉与直线电机底座铰接。(The invention provides a sunlight tracking mechanism, and relates to the field of mechanism design. The fixed bottom plate is provided with a groove-shaped base, the horizontal bottom surface of the inner side of the crossheading type base is provided with a sliding rail matched with the sliding block, and the outer side of the groove-shaped base is provided with a stepping motor output shaft which penetrates through the groove wall and is fixedly connected with one end of the lead screw through a coupler. The lower surface of the lead screw nut is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the sliding block, the upper surface of the lead screw nut is fixedly connected with the bottom of the U-shaped block, a lower through hole is formed in a connecting part at the bottom of the V-shaped connecting rod, a positioning ring with a shaft center hole is arranged at the middle upper part of the V-shaped connecting rod, and the middle part of the rotating shaft is in interference fit with the shaft center hole; the upper end face of the square connecting plate of the V-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected with the middle supporting plate through a bolt; two concave hinge joints I are arranged on one side of two opposite sides of the bottom of the photovoltaic support plate and are hinged with the convex hinge joints through pins; the bottom of the linear motor is hinged with the linear motor base through a pin.)

1. The utility model provides a sunlight tracking mechanism, includes PMKD (5), step motor (6) and transfers to the mechanism, its characterized in that: a groove-shaped base (16) with vertical walls at two ends is arranged on the fixed bottom plate (5), supporting seats (4) are respectively arranged at two sides of the middle part of the groove-shaped base (16), a sliding rail (12) is arranged on the horizontal bottom surface of the inner side of the forward groove-shaped base (16), a reversely buckled groove is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the sliding block (14), and the groove is in clearance fit with the surface of the sliding rail (12); a stepping motor (6) is arranged on the outer side of the vertical wall on one side of the groove-shaped base (16), an output shaft of the stepping motor (6) penetrates through the vertical wall and is fixedly connected with one end of a lead screw (13) through a coupler, and the other end of the lead screw (13) is fixed with the groove wall on the other side of the groove-shaped base (16) through a bearing; the lead screw (13) is matched with a lead screw nut (15), the lower surface of the lead screw nut (15) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of a sliding block (14), the upper surface of the lead screw nut (15) is fixedly connected with the bottom of a U-shaped block (10), lugs on two sides of the U-shaped block (10) are provided with coaxial strip-shaped through holes, the top of a V-shaped connecting rod (7) is provided with a square connecting plate with a screw hole, a connecting part at the bottom of the V-shaped connecting rod (7) is provided with a lower through hole, the middle upper part of the V-shaped connecting rod is provided with a positioning ring with a shaft center hole, the middle part of a rotating shaft (8) is in interference fit with the shaft center hole of the positioning ring, the lower through hole is in interference fit with the middle part of a push rod (11), two ends of the push rod (11) are in clearance fit with the strip-shaped through holes on two sides of the U-shaped block (10), two ends of the rotating shaft (8) are ) Two convex hinges (19) are arranged on one side of two opposite sides vertical to the rotating shaft (8), and a linear motor base (18) is arranged on the other side of the two opposite sides and is distributed at the edge of the middle supporting plate (3) in a triangular shape; two concave hinge joints I (20) are arranged on one side of two opposite sides of the bottom of the photovoltaic support plate (1) and are hinged with the convex hinge joints (19) through pins (21); the other side is provided with a concave hinge joint II (17), the top of the linear motor (2) is hinged with the concave hinge joint II (17) through a pin (21), and the bottom of the linear motor (2) is hinged with the linear motor base (18) through the pin (21).

2. The sunlight tracking mechanism of claim 1 wherein: the supporting seats (4) are located on two sides of the middle of the groove-shaped base (16) and are fixedly connected with the fixed bottom plate (5) through bolts.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of mechanism design.

Background

With the increasing shortage of world energy, solar energy collection has become a current hot direction, and in order to improve the solar energy collection efficiency, sunlight tracking mechanisms are also paid more and more attention. The sunlight tracking mechanism constantly ensures that sunlight irradiation is received at an optimal angle by adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic panel in real time, so that the solar power generation efficiency is improved, and finally the power generation amount of the photovoltaic panel in unit area is improved.

According to the search, a related sunlight tracking device is provided at present, for example, the Chinese patent with the application number of 201910263984.5 named as 'an adjustable high-efficiency solar photovoltaic bracket', the device comprises a lighting bracket unit, an angle tracking unit, a supporting unit and a double-shaft rotary speed reducer, wherein the angle tracking unit comprises the double-shaft rotary speed reducer and is used for adjusting the pitching angle and the horizontal angle, and the double-shaft rotary speed reducer is arranged between the supporting unit and the lighting bracket unit. The device structural dimension is great, and the unipolar supports and leads to overall structure reliability relatively poor, has reduced biax tracking mechanism's practicality.

Also for example, the chinese patent invention with chinese patent publication No. CN105471320A entitled "an adjustable high-efficiency solar photovoltaic support" is characterized in that: the device comprises parts such as unable adjustment base, electric box, first motor, bracing piece and pneumatic cylinder, uses the biax photovoltaic of realizing the system through the cooperation of hydraulic system and motor and tracks. The device has the following defects that firstly, the whole system is complex, the system volume is large, the installation is inconvenient, secondly, the tracking function is realized by adopting a hydraulic system, the whole technology and the economy are poor, and the practical value is low.

In view of the above situation of the sunlight tracking device, it is necessary to develop a sunlight tracking device with simple structure, safety and reliability.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a sunlight tracking mechanism which can effectively solve the problem of low energy collection efficiency of a solar panel.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a sunlight tracking mechanism comprises a fixed bottom plate, a stepping motor and a direction adjusting mechanism, wherein a groove-shaped base with vertical walls at two ends is arranged on the fixed bottom plate, supporting seats are respectively arranged at two sides of the middle of the groove-shaped base, a sliding rail is arranged along the horizontal bottom surface of the inner side of the groove-shaped base, a reversely buckled groove is arranged in the middle of the bottom of a sliding block, and the groove is in clearance fit with the surface of the sliding rail; a stepping motor is arranged on the outer side of the vertical wall on one side of the groove-shaped base, an output shaft of the stepping motor penetrates through the vertical wall and is fixedly connected with one end of a lead screw through a coupler, and the other end of the lead screw is fixed with the vertical wall on the other side of the groove-shaped base through a bearing; the screw rod is matched with the screw rod nut, the lower surface of the screw rod nut is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the sliding block, the upper surface of the screw rod nut is fixedly connected with the bottom of the U-shaped block, a square connecting plate with a screw hole is arranged at the top of the U-shaped block, a lower through hole is arranged at a connecting part at the bottom of the V-shaped connecting rod, opposite grooves are arranged along the inner walls of two sides of the V-shaped connecting rod, a positioning ring with an axial center hole is arranged at the middle upper part of each opposite groove, and the; the lower through hole is in interference fit with the middle part of the push rod, and two ends of the push rod are in clearance fit with the strip-shaped through holes on two sides of the U-shaped block; two ends of the rotating shaft are matched and fixed with a bearing seat at the upper part of the supporting seat through deep groove ball bearings; the upper end face of the square connecting plate of the V-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected with the middle supporting plate through a bolt; two convex hinges are arranged on one side of two sides of the middle support plate which are opposite and vertical to the rotating shaft, and a linear motor base is arranged on the other side of the middle support plate and is distributed on the edge of the middle support plate in a triangular shape; two concave hinge joints I are arranged on one side of two opposite sides of the bottom of the photovoltaic support plate and are hinged with the convex hinge joints through pins; the other side is provided with a concave hinge joint II, the top of the linear motor is hinged with the concave hinge joint II through a pin, and the bottom of the linear motor is hinged with the linear motor base through a pin.

The supporting seats are located on two sides of the middle of the groove-shaped base and are fixedly connected with the fixed bottom plate through bolts.

When the sun rises, the clock chip sends an electric signal to the control unit every 15 minutes, when the sunlight irradiation angle changes, the control unit controls the stepping motor to start working to drive the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod nut matched with the screw rod starts to do linear motion along the direction of the slide rail, the slide block and the slide rail play a guiding role to drive the U-shaped block to do linear motion, the push rod is pushed to move, the push rod drives the V-shaped connecting rod to rotate around the rotating shaft at the moment, the middle layer supporting plate and the photovoltaic supporting plate are driven to rotate around the rotating shaft, and the function of tracking the sunlight angle change through the single shaft is. Meanwhile, the control unit controls the linear motor to start working at the same time, the linear motor starts to stretch out and draw back, and the photovoltaic supporting plate is pushed to rotate around the two hinged positions, so that the function of double-shaft sunlight tracking is achieved.

After the sun falls into a mountain, the clock chip sends an electric signal to the control unit, and the control unit controls the stepping motor and the linear motor to execute reset action, so that the mechanism is reset.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the solar panel double-shaft rotation mechanism realizes double-shaft rotation of the solar panel by combining a lever principle and linear motor pushing, and has the advantages of simple and compact structure, convenience in manufacturing and installation and higher stability.

The invention adopts the stepping motor and the linear motor for driving, is easy to control, has low cost and higher control precision.

And thirdly, the mechanism is mainly of a mechanical structure, and has fewer electronic elements, so that the mechanism has high reliability, low manufacturing cost and lower maintenance and curing cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a lever direction-adjusting mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the extreme positions of the lever steering mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a direction-adjusting mechanism of the linear motor of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a lever steering mechanism linkage of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the operation of the control part in the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following drawings and detailed description: a sunlight tracking mechanism comprises a fixed bottom plate 5, a stepping motor 6 and a direction adjusting mechanism, wherein a groove-shaped base 16 is arranged on the fixed bottom plate 5, two sides of the middle of the groove-shaped base 16 are respectively provided with a supporting seat 4, a sliding rail 12 is arranged along the horizontal bottom surface of the inner side of the groove-shaped base 16, a reversely buckled groove is arranged in the middle of the bottom of a sliding block 14, and the groove is in clearance fit with the surface of the sliding rail 12; a stepping motor 6 is arranged on the outer side of the vertical wall on one side of the groove-shaped base 16, an output shaft of the stepping motor 6 penetrates through the vertical wall and is fixedly connected with one end of a lead screw 13 through a coupler, and the other end of the lead screw 13 is fixed with the vertical wall on the other side of the groove-shaped base 16 through a bearing; the lead screw 13 is matched with a lead screw nut 15, the lower surface of the lead screw nut 15 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the sliding block 14, the upper surface of the lead screw nut 15 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the U-shaped block 10, and lugs on two sides of the U-shaped block 10 are provided with coaxial strip-shaped through holes; a square connecting plate with a screw hole is arranged at the top of the V-shaped connecting rod 7, a lower through hole is arranged at the connecting part at the bottom of the V-shaped connecting rod 7, a positioning ring with a shaft center hole is arranged at the middle upper part, and the middle part of the rotating shaft 8 is in interference fit with the shaft center hole of the positioning ring; the lower through hole is in interference fit with the middle part of the push rod 11, and two ends of the push rod 11 are in clearance fit with the strip-shaped through holes on two sides of the U-shaped block 10; two ends of the rotating shaft 8 are matched and fixed with a bearing seat at the upper part of the supporting seat 4 through deep groove ball bearings 9; the upper end face of the square connecting plate of the V-shaped connecting rod 7 is fixedly connected with the middle layer supporting plate 3 through a bolt; two convex hinges 19 are arranged on one side of two opposite sides of the middle layer supporting plate 3 and vertical to the rotating shaft 8, and a linear motor base 18 is arranged on the other side and is distributed on the edge of the middle layer supporting plate 3 in a triangular shape; two concave hinged joints 20 are arranged on one side of two opposite sides of the bottom of the photovoltaic support plate 1 and hinged with the convex hinged joint 19 through a pin 21; the other side of the linear motor is provided with a second concave hinged joint 17, the top of the linear motor 2 is hinged with the second concave hinged joint 17 through a pin 21, and the bottom of the linear motor 2 is hinged with a linear motor base 18 through the pin 21.

The supporting seats 4 are positioned on two sides of the middle part of the groove-shaped base 16 and are fixedly connected with the fixed bottom plate 5 through bolts.

The photovoltaic tracking mechanism is wirelessly remotely controlled by an indoor clock chip and a control system to perform photovoltaic tracking movement.

The working process and the working principle of the invention are as follows:

when the sun rises, the clock chip sends an electric signal to the control unit every 15 minutes, when the sunlight irradiation angle changes, the control unit controls the stepping motor 6 to start working to drive the screw rod 13 to rotate, the screw rod nut 15 matched with the screw rod 13 starts to do linear motion along the direction of the slide rail 12, the slide block 14 and the slide rail 12 play a role in guiding, the U-shaped block 10 is driven to do linear motion along with the slide rail, the push rod 11 is pushed to move, at the moment, the push rod 11 drives the V-shaped connecting rod 7 to rotate around the rotating shaft 8, the middle layer supporting plate 3 and the photovoltaic supporting plate 1 are driven to rotate around the rotating shaft 8, and the function of tracking the. Meanwhile, the control unit controls the linear motor 2 to start working at the same time, the linear motor 2 starts to stretch and retract, and the photovoltaic support plate 1 is pushed to rotate around the two hinged positions, so that the function of double-shaft sunlight tracking is achieved.

After the sun falls into a mountain, the clock chip sends an electric signal to the control unit, and the control unit controls the stepping motor 6 and the linear motor 2 to execute reset action, so that the mechanism is reset.