阅读说明：本技术 一种提高鹅存活率的养殖方法 (Breeding method for improving survival rate of geese ) 是由 黄德茂 于 2019-10-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种提高鹅存活率的养殖方法,所述方法包括如下步骤：对孵化机进行预热,使孵化机内的温度达到孵化预设温度；选择鹅种蛋置于消毒后的孵化环境中进行孵化；鹅种蛋进入孵化后,控制孵化的温度37.8～38.5℃,孵化的湿度为70～80％；孵化过程中每1.5～3h翻一次蛋；当孵化进入中后期后将种蛋从孵化器移出至出雏器进行出雏；待雏鹅从种蛋中孵化出后,控制雏鹅室的温度为29.8～31.2℃,持续将雏鹅放置在这一空间内5～10天。本发明的养殖方法,通过控制孵化过程中的鹅种蛋的孵化温度以及湿度等条件,提高了孵化的孵化存活率和存活率。将本发明的养殖方法投入到实际的养殖过程中,鹅种蛋的孵化率能达到90％以上,孵化后的雏鹅的存活率也能达到95％以上。(The invention discloses a breeding method for improving the survival rate of geese, which comprises the following steps: preheating the incubator to enable the temperature in the incubator to reach an incubation preset temperature; selecting goose eggs to be placed in a disinfected hatching environment for hatching; after hatching, controlling the hatching temperature to be 37.8-38.5 ℃ and the hatching humidity to be 70-80%; turning eggs every 1.5-3 h in the hatching process; when the hatching enters the middle and later stages, the hatching eggs are moved out of the incubator to a hatcher for hatching; after the gosling is hatched from the hatching eggs, controlling the temperature of the gosling chamber to be 29.8-31.2 ℃, and continuously placing the gosling in the space for 5-10 days. According to the breeding method, the hatching survival rate and the survival rate of hatching are improved by controlling the conditions such as the hatching temperature, the hatching humidity and the like of the goose eggs in the hatching process. When the breeding method is put into the actual breeding process, the hatching rate of goose hatching eggs can reach more than 90%, and the survival rate of hatched goslings can also reach more than 95%.)

1. A breeding method for improving the survival rate of geese is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 10, preheating the incubator to enable the temperature in the incubator to reach an incubation preset temperature;

step 20, selecting goose eggs to be placed in a disinfected hatching environment for hatching;

step 30, after hatching the goose eggs, controlling the hatching temperature to be 37.8-38.5 ℃ and the hatching humidity to be 70-80%; and the hatching process is carried out under dark conditions; turning eggs every 1.5-3 h in the hatching process;

step 40, moving the hatching eggs out of the incubator to a hatcher for hatching after the hatching enters the middle and later stages;

and step 50, after the gosling is hatched from the hatching eggs, controlling the temperature of the gosling chamber to be 29.8-31.2 ℃, and continuously placing the gosling in the environment for 5-10 days.

2. The breeding method for improving the survival rate of geese according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps:

the vaccine is inoculated within 1-2 days after the gosling is hatched from the hatching eggs.

3. The cultivation method for improving the survival rate of the geese according to the claim 1, wherein the incubation preset temperature in the incubator in the step 10 is 37.8 ℃ to 38.2 ℃.

4. The cultivation method for improving the survival rate of geese according to claim 1, wherein the step of sterilizing the hatching environment in the step 20 is:

when the temperature of the incubation environment reaches 34 ℃, fumigating and sterilizing the incubation environment by formaldehyde, and keeping the incubation environment closed in the fumigating process; and ventilating the incubation environment to discharge disinfection gas after fumigating for 20-40 minutes.

5. The breeding method for improving the survival rate of geese according to claim 1, wherein the step 30 is:

after hatching, controlling the hatching temperature to be 38 ℃ and the hatching humidity to be 75 percent; and the hatching process is carried out under dark conditions; turning the eggs every 2h in the hatching process.

6. The cultivation method for improving the survival rate of the geese according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the gosling room in the step 50 is 30 ℃, and the time for which the gosling is placed in the gosling room is seven days.

7. The breeding method for improving the survival rate of geese according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps:

and (4) performing egg lighting operation on the goose eggs when the goose eggs are hatched to 8 th, 16 th and 26 th days, and eliminating the goose eggs which do not meet the requirements.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of poultry breeding, in particular to a breeding method for improving the survival rate of geese.

Background

The goose seed eggs in China are rich in resources, but the fertility of the geese is generally low, only 30-80 goose eggs can be laid all the year round, meanwhile, the goose seed egg hatching effect is unstable, the hatching rate of live embryos is low, and weak seedlings are more, so that the hatching field benefit is damaged. If the hatching egg scores of the chickens and the ducks are used, the ideal state is that the hatching rate of the live embryos is more than 90%, the healthy seedling rate is high, and the young seedlings are large and healthy. The hatching method of the hatching eggs of the chickens and the ducks is greatly different from the hatching method of the hatching eggs of the geese, so that the phenomena of dead embryos, low closure rate and the like are easily caused in the early and middle stages of the hatching eggs of the geese, and the phenomena of difficult shelling, more weak broods and the like are common in the late stage of hatching.

Goose hatching eggs and embryo body types are generally larger, the average weight of the hatching eggs is more than 150 g, and the eggshells are thicker, so that the hatching time of the hatching eggs is long, and more heat is generated by the embryos in the hatching process. Therefore, the goose embryo hatching condition is higher, dead embryos or slow development can be easily caused by the discomfort of the external environment in the early stage, and embryos with dysplasia in the early stage face a plurality of problems of difficult shelling, incapability of shelling and the like during shelling.

The development of the embryo takes the blood island in the hatching egg as a starting point, the development of blood vessels plays a crucial role in the development process of the embryo, and the well-developed blood vessels provide sufficient nutrients for the healthy and rapid growth of the embryo, promote the development of embryo muscles and increase the weight of the embryo during shelling. Therefore, how to increase the development speed of blood vessels at the early stage of hatching and increase the volumes of hearts and blood vessels at the middle and later stages of hatching is an important method for improving the hatching effect of goose eggs.

Therefore, there is a need for a breeding method capable of improving the hatching rate and reproductive survival rate of goose eggs.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a breeding method for improving the survival rate of geese, and aims to improve the survival rates of goose eggs and goslings.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a breeding method for improving the survival rate of geese, which comprises the following steps:

step 10, preheating the incubator to enable the temperature in the incubator to reach an incubation preset temperature;

step 20, selecting goose eggs to be placed in a disinfected hatching environment for hatching;

step 30, after hatching the goose eggs, controlling the hatching temperature to be 37.8-38.5 ℃ and the hatching humidity to be 70-80%; and the hatching process is carried out under dark conditions; turning eggs every 1.5-3 h in the hatching process;

step 40, moving the hatching eggs out of the incubator to a hatcher for hatching after the hatching enters the middle and later stages;

and step 50, after the gosling is hatched from the hatching eggs, controlling the temperature of the gosling chamber to be 29.8-31.2 ℃, and continuously placing the gosling in the environment for 5-10 days.

Preferably, the cultivation method further comprises the following steps:

the vaccine is inoculated within 1-2 days after the gosling is hatched from the hatching eggs.

Preferably, the incubation preset temperature in the incubator in the step 10 is 37.8-38.2 ℃.

Preferably, the step 20 of sterilizing the incubation environment comprises:

when the temperature of the incubation environment reaches 34 ℃, fumigating and sterilizing the incubation environment by formaldehyde, and keeping the incubation environment closed in the fumigating process; and ventilating the incubation environment to discharge disinfection gas after fumigating for 20-40 minutes.

Preferably, the cultivation method further comprises the following steps:

and (4) performing egg lighting operation on the goose eggs when the goose eggs are hatched to 8 th, 16 th and 26 th days, and eliminating the goose eggs which do not meet the requirements.

Preferably, the step 30 is:

after hatching, controlling the hatching temperature to be 38 ℃ and the hatching humidity to be 75 percent; and the hatching process is carried out under dark conditions; turning the eggs every 2h in the hatching process.

Preferably, the temperature of the gosling room in the step 50 is 30 ℃, and the time for which the gosling is placed in the gosling room is seven days.

By adopting the breeding method, good conditions are provided for hatching the goose hatching eggs by controlling the conditions such as the hatching temperature, the humidity and the like of the goose hatching eggs in the hatching process, the hatching survival rate of hatching is improved, and in addition, the hatched goslings are placed at the proper temperature for a set time, so that the survival rate of the goslings is improved. When the breeding method is put into the actual breeding process, the hatching rate of goose hatching eggs can reach more than 90%, and the survival rate of hatched goslings can also reach more than 95%.

Detailed Description

The technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few, and not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other equivalent or obviously modified embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art on the basis of the embodiments presented in the present application fall within the scope of protection of the invention without inventive step. The embodiments of the invention can be embodied in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

It should be noted that in the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide an understanding. It may be evident, however, that the subject invention may be practiced without these specific details.

It should be noted that, unless explicitly defined or conflicting, the embodiments and technical features in the present invention may be combined with each other to form a technical solution.

The invention mainly aims to provide a breeding method for improving the survival rate of geese, and aims to improve the survival rates of goose eggs and goslings.

The culture method comprises the following steps:

step 10, preheating the incubator to enable the temperature in the incubator to reach an incubation preset temperature;

in the embodiment of the invention, the hatching of the goose eggs is carried out in the incubator, and the incubator is started and preheated before hatching, so that the temperature in the incubator reaches the preset hatching temperature. Wherein the incubation preset temperature is controlled to be 37.8-38.2 ℃.

Step 20, selecting goose eggs to be placed in a disinfected hatching environment for hatching;

further, selecting goose eggs with better quality, and placing the goose eggs in a sterilized incubator for incubation. The goose eggs are selected from goose groups with healthy sources and no pollution, and the best egg with good egg shape index and egg weight of 140-170 g is selected. Eggs like steel preserved eggs, sand preserved eggs, thin preserved eggs, malformed eggs, dirty preserved eggs, broken eggs, cracked eggs, or eggs that are too large or too small are not suitable for hatching.

The disinfection of the hatching environment of the incubator is carried out by adopting the following method:

in the process of preheating the incubation environment in the incubator, when the temperature of the incubation environment reaches 34 ℃, formaldehyde is adopted to fumigate and disinfect the incubation environment in the incubator, and the incubation environment needs to be kept closed in the fumigation process. And opening a machine door of the incubator after fumigating for about 20-40 minutes, and ventilating the incubation environment to discharge the disinfection substances in the incubation environment. Specifically, in the actual disinfection process, the fumigation time is generally controlled to be 30 minutes, so that the hatching environment can be disinfected more thoroughly, and the time control is more reasonable.

Step 30, after hatching the goose eggs, controlling the hatching temperature to be 37.8-38.5 ℃ and the hatching humidity to be 70-80%; and the hatching process is carried out under dark conditions; turning eggs every 1.5-3 h in the hatching process;

in the process of hatching goose eggs in the hatching machine, the hatching temperature in the hatching machine is controlled to be 37.8-38.5 ℃, and the humidity is controlled to be 70-80%. The whole hatching process is carried out under the condition of no light, and the egg turning operation is carried out at intervals in the hatching process. The process of turning the eggs mainly aims at changing the embryo position and preventing adhesion, and secondly, each part of the embryo can be heated uniformly by turning the eggs, and fresh air is supplied, so that the embryo development is facilitated. Meanwhile, egg turning is also beneficial to embryo movement and fetal membrane blood circulation improvement. It is worth noting that the eggs are turned in a certain sequence, the goose eggs are turned 45 degrees clockwise, then turned 45 degrees again after a certain time interval, and after the goose eggs are repeatedly turned 4 times, the goose eggs return to the original position. I.e. four times of turning eggs clockwise according to an angle of 45 degrees. Each overturn is to ensure that different parts of the hatching eggs can be heated uniformly, and the fetal membranes of the embryos can perform good blood circulation to promote the development of the embryos. In the actual operation process, the egg turning operation is preferably carried out according to the frequency of once every 2 h.

In addition, in the hatching process of goose hatching eggs, not only need carry out the egg turning operation to it, guarantee that the good motion of embryo and each position are heated evenly, still need select the goose hatching egg, look over whether there is the bad egg of dysplasia. Specifically, the first egg-lighting operation can be performed when hatching eggs are hatched to 8 days, and the goose hatching eggs can be checked for the existence of unfertilized eggs, necrotic eggs, dead embryo eggs and the like, and the growth condition of the hatching eggs can be checked. After the hatching eggs are hatched to the 16 th day, the second egg-lighting operation is performed, and after the hatching eggs are hatched to the 26 th day, the third egg-lighting operation is performed. The quality of the hatching eggs in the hatching process is controlled through strict monitoring.

Step 40, moving the hatching eggs out of the incubator to a hatcher for hatching after the hatching enters the middle and later stages;

and step 50, after the gosling is hatched from the hatching eggs, controlling the temperature of the gosling chamber to be 29.8-31.2 ℃, and continuously placing the gosling in the space for 5-10 days.

And finally, when the hatching eggs enter the middle and later hatching periods, the hatching eggs are moved out of the incubator to a hatcher for hatching. And after the hatching in the middle and later stages of hatching is carried out for 25 days, before the hatching, the hatching eggs are moved from the hatcher to the hatcher, and the hatcher is specially used for hatching the hatching eggs to be hatched. The hatchling device is placed in a special space, so that the environment where the gosling is located can be controlled conveniently after the hatchling.

After incubation for thirty days, the environment of the hatcher is controlled to be 29.8-31.2 ℃, and preferably 30 ℃. After hatching eggs, the gosling is continuously placed in the environment at the temperature of 30 ℃ to be beneficial to survival of the gosling, and experiments prove that the survival rate of the gosling can be improved by 5-8% compared with the survival rate of the gosling in conventional operation by carrying out one-step operation.

The cultivation method of the present invention will be described below by way of examples and comparative examples, respectively: