阅读说明：本技术 一种被动控制的可动叶尖小翼装置 (Passively controlled movable winglet device ) 是由 杨瑞 张�浩 吴卓琦 刘爱瑜 郭瑞 张康康 全佩 于 2018-10-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明一种被动控制的可动叶尖小翼装置,由叶片(2)、小翼(1)组成,小翼(1)安装叶片(2)一侧,小翼(1)与叶片(2)之间设扭转支架(3),小翼(1)与扭转支架(3)之间设扭转弹簧(4),小翼翼根(7)安装小翼连接扣(10),小翼连接扣(10)上安装有小翼锁死装置(13),叶片(2)两腹板之间安装支撑板(17)支撑板(17)中心位置安装轴承(18),轴向弹簧(5)两端分别连接支撑板(17)及扭转支架(3),在轴向弹簧(5)上分别设置轴向弹簧固定凸台(19)与轴向弹簧轴转动槽(15)。本发明有益效果：结构设计合理、简单、制作成本低、便于维护、能够保护叶片免受干扰、使用范围广泛、节能环保。(The invention discloses a passively controlled movable winglet device which comprises a blade (2) and a winglet (1), wherein the winglet (1) is installed on one side of the blade (2), a torsion support (3) is arranged between the winglet (1) and the blade (2), a torsion spring (4) is arranged between the winglet (1) and the torsion support (3), a winglet connecting buckle (10) is installed on a winglet wing root (7), a winglet locking device (13) is installed on the winglet connecting buckle (10), a support plate (17) is installed between two webs of the blade (2), a bearing (18) is installed in the center of the support plate (17), two ends of an axial spring (5) are respectively connected with the support plate (17) and the torsion support (3), and an axial spring fixing boss (19) and an axial spring shaft rotating groove (15) are respectively arranged on the axial spring (5). The invention has the beneficial effects that: the blade has the advantages of reasonable and simple structural design, low manufacturing cost, convenience in maintenance, capability of protecting the blades from interference, wide application range, energy conservation and environmental protection.)

1. A passively controlled movable winglet device, which consists of a blade (2) and a winglet (1), wherein the winglet (1) consists of a winglet tip (6), a winglet root (7), a winglet root web (8) and a main beam (9), and is characterized in that: winglet (1) install in suction surface one side of blade (2), be provided with complementary unit torsion support (3) between winglet (1) and blade (2), winglet (1) and torsion support (3) between be provided with torsion spring (4) that are used for controlling winglet (1) torsion, winglet wing root web (8) and torsion support (3) are connected respectively to specific torsion spring (4) both ends, blade (2) and torsion support (3) between be provided with and be used for controlling torsion support (3) pivoted axial spring (5), torsion support (3) on set up torsion support connector link (11), winglet root (7) install winglet connector link (10), winglet connector link (10) and torsion support connector link (11) are connected through torsion axle (12), install winglet locking device (13) on winglet connector link (10), the blade (2) R/R is 0.95 and installs backup pad (17) between two webs, backup pad (17) perpendicular to blade (2) web, the central point at backup pad (17) puts and installs one and is used for fixing bearing (18) of torsion spring axle (14) of support (3), backup pad (17) and torsion support (3) are connected respectively to the both ends of axial spring (5), set up axial spring fixed boss (19) and axial spring axle rotation groove (15) on axial spring (5) respectively.

2. A passively controlled movable winglet device according to claim 1, wherein: the winglet locking device (13) is characterized in that a boss (16) which can rotate along with the winglet (1) is cast on the outer ring of the winglet connecting buckle (10).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind turbine power generation, in particular to a passively controlled movable winglet device.

Background

When the wind turbine normally operates, airflow of a pressure surface near the blade tip can bypass the tip of the blade and flow to a suction surface, and blade tip vortex is generated, so that the thrust of the blade tip is reduced, and the output power of the wind turbine is reduced. Winglets are additionally arranged at the tip part of the blade to prevent the air on the upper surface and the lower surface from flowing around, reduce the induced resistance caused by the vortex of the blade tip, reduce the flowing around and increase the pressure difference between the upper surface and the lower surface of the blade, thereby achieving the effects of improving the thrust and increasing the power output. Numerical simulation finds that the fixed winglet has a small power amplification effect on the wind turbine at low wind speed, but the starting wind speed of the wind turbine is increased, so that the fixed winglet is not suitable for running of the wind turbine at low wind speed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an energy-saving environment-friendly passive control movable winglet device which has the advantages of reasonable and simple structural design, low manufacturing cost, convenience in maintenance, capability of protecting blades from interference and wide application range.

The invention controls the included angle between the winglet 1 and the blade 2 through the torsion spring, and the main principle is that the spring force and the change torsion angle form a certain linear relation, the torsion angle also changes in a linear state along with the magnitude of wind power, and when the torsion of the wind power and the spring is equal, the winglet 1 is in a balanced state and can play a role in power amplification.

The invention discloses a passively controlled movable winglet device which comprises a blade 2 and a winglet 1, wherein the winglet 1 consists of a winglet wing tip 6, a winglet wing root 7, a winglet wing root web 8 and a main beam 9, the winglet 1 is arranged on one side of a suction surface of the blade 2, an auxiliary mechanism torsion support 3 is arranged between the winglet 1 and the blade tip 2, a torsion spring 4 for controlling torsion of the winglet 1 is arranged between the winglet 1 and the torsion support 3, two ends of the torsion spring 4 are respectively connected with the winglet wing root web 8 and the torsion support 3, and an axial spring 5 for controlling rotation of the torsion support 3 is arranged between the blade 2 and the torsion support 3. Twist reverse support 3 on set up and twist reverse support connector link 11, winglet root 7 installs winglet connector link 10, winglet connector link 10 is connected through torsion shaft 12 with twisting reverse support connector link 11, install winglet locking device 13 on the winglet connector link 10. The blade 2 is provided with a support plate 17 between two webs 18 at the R/R-0.95 position, the support plate 17 is perpendicular to the blade webs 18, a bearing 16 for fixing an axial spring shaft 14 of the torsion bracket 3 is arranged at the center of the support plate 17, two ends of the axial spring 5 are respectively connected with the support plate 17 and the torsion bracket 3, and the axial spring shaft 14 is respectively provided with an axial spring fixing boss 19 and an axial spring shaft rotating groove 15.

The winglet locking device 13 is a boss which is cast on the outer ring of the winglet connecting buckle 10 and can rotate along with the winglet 1.

The passive control movable winglet device has the advantages that;

1) the wind turbine winglet is characterized in that the winglet 1 is arranged on one side of a suction surface of the blade 2, the winglet is required to rotate in two planes according to a certain sequence, an auxiliary mechanism torsion support 3 is arranged between the winglet 1 and the blade 2, a torsion spring 4 for controlling torsion of the winglet 1 is arranged between the winglet 1 and the torsion support 3, two ends of the torsion spring 4 are respectively connected with a winglet wing root web 8 and the torsion support 3, an axial spring 5 for controlling the torsion support 3 to rotate is arranged between the blade 2 and the torsion support 3, when the wind speed is low, the winglet 1 improves the wind energy utilization coefficient of a wind turbine by extending the blade, when the wind speed is high, the winglet rotates under the action of wind power, drives the torsion spring 4 to store the rotation energy moment, when the wind power is equal to the torsion spring 4, the winglet 1 and the blade extend to a certain angle, and the winglet are in a balanced state, in the state, the winglet 1 can weaken the blade tip bypass flow of the blade 2, reduce the strength of the blade tip vortex, increase the pressure difference of the upper surface and the lower surface of the blade 2, improve the output power of a wind turbine, after the wind power is reduced, the torsion spring 4 releases energy, the rotating torque is reversely transmitted to the winglet 1, the winglet 1 is reset in proportion until the winglet 1 is restored to the original fixed state, when the wind speed exceeds the cut-out wind speed, the wind power is in direct proportion to the torsion of the axial spring 5, the axial spring 5 drives the torsion support 3 to rotate for 90 degrees, the effect of a blade tip spoiler is achieved, and the load of the blade 2 and;

2) the device need not change the current structure of blade 2, only need 2 apex positions in the blade install winglet 1 can, winglet 1 can reduce the apex and flow around intensity, reduce apex vortex intensity, improve low reaches wind quality, improve the wind energy utilization coefficient, compare with current wind energy conversion system winglet, the winglet of this application can be along with the contained angle of the size regulation winglet 1 of wind speed and blade 2 spanwise, also can increase the aerodynamic performance of blade 2 through extension blade 2 when wind speed is lower, can rotate 90 through axial spring when wind speed is higher, form the apex spoiler, increase blade 2 anti-load capacity under extreme condition, this winglet control mode is passive control, the linear relation control winglet's of application torsion spring torsion angle and wind-force open angle, control mode is simple, easy maintenance, low cost, and is suitable for large-scale wind energy conversion system to use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wind turbine with a winglet.

Fig. 2 shows a winglet structure.

FIG. 3 illustrates a winglet coupled to a blade.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of low wind speed winglet rotation.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a higher wind speed winglet rotation.

FIG. 6. cut-out wind speed winglet rotation schematic.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a torsion bracket.

In the figure: winglet 1, blade 2, torsion support 3, torsion spring 4, axial spring 5, winglet wingtip 6, winglet wing root 7, winglet wing root web 8, girder 9, winglet connector link 10, torsion support connector link 11, torsion shaft 12, winglet locking device 13, axial spring shaft 14, axial spring shaft rotation groove 15, bearing 16, backup pad 17, blade web 18, axial spring fixing boss 19.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

The invention comprises winglets 1, blades 2, torsion supports 3, torsion springs 4, axial springs 5, winglets tips 6, winglets roots 7, winglets roots webs 8, main beams 9, winglets connecting buckles 10, torsion support connecting buckles 11, torsion shafts 12, winglets locking devices 13, axial spring shafts 14, axial spring shaft rotating grooves 15, bearings 16, supporting plates 17, blade webs 18 and axial spring fixing bosses 19, and specifically comprises the blades 2 and the winglets 1, wherein the winglets 1 comprise the winglets tips 6, the winglets roots 7, the winglets roots webs 8 and the main beams 9, the winglets 1 are arranged on one side of the suction surface of the blades 2, the auxiliary mechanism torsion supports 3 are arranged between the winglets 1 and the winglets 2, the torsion springs 4 for controlling the torsion of the winglets 1 are arranged between the winglets 1 and the torsion supports 3, and the two ends of the torsion springs 4 are respectively connected with the winglets roots webs 8 and the torsion supports 3, an axial spring 5 for controlling the rotation of the torsion bracket 3 is arranged between the blade 2 and the torsion bracket 3. Twist reverse support 3 on set up and twist reverse support connector link 11, winglet root 7 installs winglet connector link 10, winglet connector link 10 is connected through torsion shaft 12 with twisting reverse support connector link 11, install winglet locking device 13 on the winglet connector link 10. The winglet locking device 13 is a boss which is cast on the outer ring of the winglet connecting buckle 10 and can rotate along with the winglet 1. The blade 2 is provided with a support plate 17 between two webs 18 at a position R/R of 0.95, wherein R represents the length of the whole blade 2, namely the distance from the blade root to the blade tip, and R represents the distance from the blade root to the support plate 17. The supporting plate 17 is perpendicular to the blade web 18, a bearing 16 for fixing the axial spring shaft 14 of the torsion bracket 3 is installed at the center of the supporting plate 17, two ends of the axial spring 5 are respectively connected with the supporting plate 17 and the torsion bracket 3, and the axial spring fixing boss 19 and the axial spring shaft rotating groove 15 are respectively arranged on the axial spring shaft 14.

As shown in FIG. 1, the winglet 1 for reducing the tip vortex is arranged on the suction side surface side of the tip of the blade 2, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, the included angle between the winglet 1 and the wind turbine blade in the span direction is beta, and the beta range is 0-55 degrees; the included angle between the winglet 1 and the torsion support 3 is epsilon, and the epsilon ranges from 0 to 90 degrees. Winglet 1 is turned over along the air current direction back, and winglet 1's suction surface is towards the wind wheel axle center, and winglet's pressure surface is towards the wind wheel outside. As shown in fig. 2, the winglet 1 is the same as the airfoil tip, the winglet root 7 chord length is equal to the airfoil tip chord length, the winglet tip 6 chord length is 3/5 of the winglet root 7 chord length, and the winglet tip 6 section airfoil maximum thickness is 4/5 of the winglet root 7 section airfoil maximum thickness. In order to reduce the mass of the winglet 1 and increase the strength of the winglet 1, the winglet 1 adopts a box-shaped beam structure, reinforced aluminum plates are selected as materials of winglet webs 8 and a main beam 9, and a glass fiber reinforced plastic composite material is selected as a winglet layer material.

The two ends of the torsion spring 4 are respectively connected with the winglet wing root web 8 and the torsion bracket 3, the blade 2 is provided with a support plate 17 between the two webs at the R/R of 0.95, the support plate 17 is perpendicular to the blade web 18, a bearing 16 is arranged at the center of the support plate 17 and used for fixing the axial spring shaft 14 of the torsion bracket 3, and the two ends of the axial spring 5 are respectively connected with the support plate 17 and the torsion bracket 3.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the wind speed is low (3m/s < V)_∞≦ 7m/s), the wind force acting on the winglet 1 is small, the inherent torsion of the torsion spring 4 cannot be offset, the included angle between the winglet 1 and the blade 2 in the span direction is 0 degree, and the wind energy utilization coefficient is improved by increasing the swept area of the wind wheel. As shown in FIG. 5, when the wind speed is high (7m/s < V)_∞≦ 24m/s), the wind force applied to the winglet 1 increases gradually, and the included angle between the winglet 1 and the blade 2 in the span direction follows the wind speed when the wind force can counteract the inherent torsion force of the torsion spring 4Gradually increase at an included angle beta₁The relationship to wind speed is:

in the formula beta₁Winglet angle in span of blade, V_∞-incoming wind speed, C-winglet chord length, C_LCoefficient of lift, C_D-drag coefficient, a-axial induction factor, α -winglet airfoil angle of attack,winglet incident angle, rho air density, d₁-torsion spring wire diameter; d₁-mean torsion spring diameter; n is₁-the number of active turns of the torsion spring; e₁The elastic modulus of the torsion spring material. Selecting d by consulting related manuals₁、D₁、n₁、E₁And drawing a relation curve of the wind speed and the torsion angle of the torsion spring 4. As shown in FIG. 6, when the wind speed exceeds the cut-out wind speed (25m/s ≦ V)_∞) When the tangential force borne by the winglet 1 can offset the inherent torsion of the axial spring 5, the winglet 1 rotates 90 degrees along the axial spring shaft 14 to form a blade tip spoiler, so that the limit load of the blade 2 is reduced, and the axial force of a wind wheel is reduced. The winglet 1 rotates through an angle beta along the axial spring axis 14₂，β₂The relationship to wind speed is:

in the formulaβ₁Winglet to blade span angle, V_∞-incoming wind speed, C-winglet chord length, C_LCoefficient of lift, C_D-drag coefficient, a-axial induction factor, α -winglet airfoil angle of attack,-the angle of incidence of the winglet,rho-air Density, X_PCenter of pressure of airfoil, X_CCenter of torsion, d₂Diameter of axial spring wire, D₂Mean diameter of axial spring, n₂Effective number of turns of axial spring, E₂-the elastic modulus of the axial spring wire material. Selecting d by consulting related manuals₂、D₂、n₂、E₂And drawing a relation curve of the wind speed and the torsion angle of the torsion spring 4.

As shown in fig. 3: the winglet wing root 8 is provided with a winglet connecting buckle 10, and the winglet connecting buckle 10 is connected with a torsion bracket connecting buckle 11 through a torsion shaft 12. The winglet connecting buckle 10 is provided with a winglet locking device 13, a boss is cast on the outer ring of the winglet connecting buckle 10 and rotates along with the winglet 1, when the winglet 1 rotates 55 degrees, the boss also rotates 55 degrees, and at the moment, the boss pushes against the torsion bracket 3, so that the winglet 1 cannot rotate. When the wind speed is reduced, the acting force on the winglet 1 is reduced, the torque on the torsion spring 4 is reduced, the torsion spring 4 releases energy, the torsion spring 4 rebounds according to a certain proportion, the winglet 1 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction, when the wind speed is smaller than a certain critical value, the torsion spring 4 resets to the original state, the included angle beta between the winglet 1 and the blade 2 in the unfolding direction is 0 degree, and the winglet 1 improves the aerodynamic performance of the blade 2 by increasing the sweeping area of the wind wheel.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, when the wind speed exceeds the maximum value of 24m/s, the torsion spring 4 is locked and can not rotate, and the span-wise included angle β between the winglet 1 and the blade 2 is no longer changed by 55 °. As shown in fig. 3, the axial spring 5 starts to rotate, one end of the axial spring 5 is connected to the blade 2, the other end is connected to the torsion frame 3, and the torsion frame 3 drives the winglet 1 to rotate through the axial spring shaft 14. As shown in fig. 3 and 6, when the wind speed exceeds 25m/s, the axial spring 5 is twisted by 90 degrees, at this time, the axial spring shaft 14 and the axial spring shaft rotating groove 15 are locked, the axial spring 5 cannot rotate continuously, and the torsion bracket 3 drives the winglet 1 to rotate by 90 degrees to form a spoiler, so that the axial force of the wind wheel is reduced, and the load of the blade 2 is reduced.

When the wind speed is less than 25m/s, the axial spring 5 releases energy firstly due to the large elastic modulus of the material of the axial spring 5, and rebounds according to a certain proportion, and the axial spring 5 drives the torsion support 3 and the winglet 1 to rotate in the opposite direction to restore to the inherent position of the axial spring 5.