阅读说明：本技术 类导柱式测力构架的垂向载荷力系测试结构及其制作方法 (Vertical loading force system test structure of guide pillar-like force measurement framework and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 *** 孙守光 王斌杰 刘志明 王曦 王文静 于 2018-06-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种类导柱式测力构架的垂向载荷力系测试结构及其制作方法,是先在类导柱式测力构架上定义有高分离度载荷识别点区域,然后在每个高分离度载荷识别点区域上粘贴多个应变片,以构成多组全桥电路结构；将贴有应变片的构架结构在多通道加载测力构架标定试验台上进行静态标定,并逐一地对每个全桥电路结构进行解耦计算,寻找到相互解耦精度最高的一组或几组组桥结构,或者寻找到能够满足解耦精度要求的一组或几组组桥结构；最后,根据最终确定的组桥结构,完成测力构架的制作。采用本发明提供的结构与方法,在测力构架的每一角组成一个全桥电路,一方面使布线距离缩短,另一方面增加全桥电路的数量,从而提高测试精度。(The invention provides a vertical load force system test structure of a guide-column-like force measurement framework and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein high-resolution load identification point areas are defined on the guide-column-like force measurement framework, and then a plurality of strain gauges are adhered to each high-resolution load identification point area to form a plurality of groups of full-bridge circuit structures; the method comprises the following steps that static calibration is carried out on a framework structure attached with strain gauges on a multichannel loading force measurement framework calibration test bed, decoupling calculation is carried out on each full-bridge circuit structure one by one, and one or more groups of bridge structures with the highest mutual decoupling precision or one or more groups of bridge structures meeting the decoupling precision requirement are found; and finally, finishing the manufacture of the force measuring framework according to the finally determined bridge combination structure. By adopting the structure and the method provided by the invention, a full-bridge circuit is formed at each corner of the force measuring framework, so that the wiring distance is shortened on one hand, and the number of the full-bridge circuits is increased on the other hand, thereby improving the testing precision.)

1. The utility model provides a vertical loading capacity of kind guide pillar formula dynamometry framework is test structure, this kind of guide pillar formula dynamometry framework have two curb girders and two crossbeams, and the both ends of two curb girders constitute the four corners of this dynamometry framework, its characterized in that:

four high-resolution load identification point areas are defined on the four corners, and are respectively as follows:

a first region: the outer edge of the upper cover plate of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer spring support seat;

a second region: the outer edge of the lower cover plate of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer spring support seat;

a third region: the upper cover plate inner edge of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer side spring support seat;

a fourth region: the lower cover plate inner edge of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer side spring support seat;

the near side beam is the beam which is closer to the angle of each area;

adhering at least one strain gauge on each high-resolution load identification point area; weighing: the strain gauge on the first area is a first strain gauge, the strain gauge on the second area is a second strain gauge, the strain gauge on the third area is a third strain gauge, and the strain gauge on the fourth area is a fourth strain gauge; a first strain gauge, a second strain gauge, a third strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge on the same corner form a full-bridge circuit structure;

in the full-bridge circuit structure, the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the third strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge form an arm pair, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an arm pair.

2. The vertical load force system test structure of a guide-pillar-like dynamometric frame of claim 1, wherein: at least one set of redundant full-bridge circuit arrangements is arranged at each corner of the dynamometric frame.

3. The vertical load force system test structure of a guide-pillar-like dynamometric frame of claim 1, wherein: the guide-column-like force measuring framework is a guide-column type force measuring framework, a conical laminated rubber spring type force measuring framework or a cylindrical laminated rubber spring type force measuring framework.

4. A kind of guide pillar type dynamometry framework's vertical loading force is the test structure's preparation method, this kind of guide pillar type dynamometry framework has two curb girders and two crossbeams, the both ends of two curb girders constitute this dynamometry framework's four corners, characterized by that, this preparation method includes the following steps:

(1) four high-resolution load identification point areas are defined on the four corners, and are respectively as follows:

a first region: the outer edge of the upper cover plate of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer spring support seat;

a second region: the outer edge of the lower cover plate of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer spring support seat;

a third region: the upper cover plate inner edge of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer side spring support seat;

a fourth region: the lower cover plate inner edge of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer side spring support seat;

the near side beam is the beam which is closer to the angle of each area;

(2) adhering a plurality of strain gauges to each high-resolution load identification point area; weighing: the strain gauge on the first area is a first strain gauge, the strain gauge on the second area is a second strain gauge, the strain gauge on the third area is a third strain gauge, and the strain gauge on the fourth area is a fourth strain gauge; any one first strain gauge, any one second strain gauge, any one third strain gauge and any one fourth strain gauge on the same corner can form a group of full-bridge circuit structures;

in each full-bridge circuit structure, a first strain gauge and a second strain gauge form an adjacent arm, a third strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge form an arm pair, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an arm pair;

(3) the method comprises the following steps that static calibration is carried out on a framework structure attached with strain gauges on a multichannel loading force measurement framework calibration test bed, decoupling calculation is carried out on each full-bridge circuit structure one by one, and one or more groups of bridge structures with the highest mutual decoupling precision or one or more groups of bridge structures meeting the decoupling precision requirement are found;

(4) and finishing the manufacture of the force measuring framework according to the finally determined bridge combination structure.

5. The method of making a vertical load force system test structure for a guide-pillar-like dynamometric frame of claim 4, wherein: in the step (4), at least one group of standby bridge structures is arranged at each corner of the force measuring frame.

6. The method of making a vertical load force system test structure for a guide-pillar-like dynamometric frame of claim 4, wherein: the guide-column-like force measuring framework is a guide-column type force measuring framework, a conical laminated rubber spring type force measuring framework or a cylindrical laminated rubber spring type force measuring framework.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a structure for testing a vertical loading force system of a guide pillar-like force measuring frame of a railway vehicle.

Background

The railway vehicle bogie vertical load force system comprises a floating load, a rolling load and a torsion load.

For a guide pillar type bogie widely used in a railway passenger car, in the prior art, when a vertical load force system analysis is carried out on a framework structure, a beam test method is generally adopted, namely a strain gauge is adhered to the joint of a framework beam and a side beam, and a full bridge circuit of a floating load, a side rolling load or a torsional load is formed according to test requirements. The method has the advantages of long circuit wiring distance, easy damage and low system test precision.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is: the vertical load force system test structure of the guide pillar-like force measuring frame and the manufacturing method thereof are provided, and a full-bridge circuit is formed at each corner of the force measuring frame, so that the wiring distance is shortened, the number of the full-bridge circuits is increased, and the test precision is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a vertical loading capacity of kind guide pillar formula dynamometry framework is test structure, this kind of guide pillar formula dynamometry framework have two curb girders and two crossbeams, and the both ends of two curb girders constitute the four corners of this dynamometry framework, its characterized in that:

four high-resolution load identification point areas are defined on the four corners, and are respectively as follows:

a first region: the outer edge of the upper cover plate of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer spring support seat;

a second region: the outer edge of the lower cover plate of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer spring support seat;

a third region: the upper cover plate inner edge of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer side spring support seat;

a fourth region: the lower cover plate inner edge of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer side spring support seat;

the near side beam is the beam which is closer to the angle of each area;

adhering at least one strain gauge on each high-resolution load identification point area; weighing: the strain gauge on the first area is a first strain gauge, the strain gauge on the second area is a second strain gauge, the strain gauge on the third area is a third strain gauge, and the strain gauge on the fourth area is a fourth strain gauge; a first strain gauge, a second strain gauge, a third strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge on the same corner form a full-bridge circuit structure;

in the full-bridge circuit structure, the first strain gauge and the second strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the third strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge form an arm pair, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an arm pair.

The vertical loading force system test structure of the guide-column-like force measuring frame is characterized in that at least one group of standby full-bridge circuit structures are arranged at each corner of the force measuring frame.

The vertical loading force system testing structure of the guide-like column type force measuring framework is characterized in that the guide-like column type force measuring framework is a guide-like column type force measuring framework, a conical laminated rubber spring type force measuring framework or a cylindrical laminated rubber spring type force measuring framework.

The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the vertical loading force system testing structure of the guide pillar type force measuring framework, the guide pillar type force measuring framework is provided with two side beams and two cross beams, and two ends of the two side beams form four corners of the force measuring framework, and the manufacturing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) four high-resolution load identification point areas are defined on the four corners, and are respectively as follows:

a first region: the outer edge of the upper cover plate of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer spring support seat;

a second region: the outer edge of the lower cover plate of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer spring support seat;

a third region: the upper cover plate inner edge of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer side spring support seat;

a fourth region: the lower cover plate inner edge of the side beam is positioned between the joint of the side beam and the near side beam and the center of the outer side spring support seat;

the near side beam is the beam which is closer to the angle of each area;

(2) adhering a plurality of strain gauges to each high-resolution load identification point area; weighing: the strain gauge on the first area is a first strain gauge, the strain gauge on the second area is a second strain gauge, the strain gauge on the third area is a third strain gauge, and the strain gauge on the fourth area is a fourth strain gauge; any one first strain gauge, any one second strain gauge, any one third strain gauge and any one fourth strain gauge on the same corner can form a group of full-bridge circuit structures;

in each full-bridge circuit structure, a first strain gauge and a second strain gauge form an adjacent arm, a third strain gauge and a fourth strain gauge form an adjacent arm, the first strain gauge and the third strain gauge form an arm pair, and the second strain gauge and the fourth strain gauge form an arm pair;

(3) the method comprises the following steps that static calibration is carried out on a framework structure attached with strain gauges on a multichannel loading force measurement framework calibration test bed, decoupling calculation is carried out on each full-bridge circuit structure one by one, and one or more groups of bridge structures with the highest mutual decoupling precision or one or more groups of bridge structures meeting the decoupling precision requirement are found;

(4) and finishing the manufacture of the force measuring framework according to the finally determined bridge combination structure.

The manufacturing method of the vertical loading force system testing structure of the guide pillar-like force measuring frame comprises the following steps: in the step (4), at least one group of standby bridge structures is arranged at each corner of the force measuring frame.

The manufacturing method of the vertical loading force system testing structure of the guide-like column type force measuring framework comprises the following steps of manufacturing a guide-like column type force measuring framework, wherein the guide-like column type force measuring framework is a guide-like column type force measuring framework, a conical laminated rubber spring type force measuring framework or a cylindrical laminated rubber spring type force measuring framework.

According to the invention, aiming at the stress characteristic of a similar guide pillar type bogie frame, a full bridge circuit is formed by pasting strain gauges on the edges of an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate of a side beam between an axle box and a cross beam, vertical loads of four positions of four same full bridge circuits are respectively arranged at symmetrical positions of four corners of the frame, and then three vertical load systems of sinking, rolling and torsion are obtained through combined calculation, so that the test precision can be greatly improved.

According to the motion characteristics of the framework, the bogie force measurement framework is designed directly aiming at the test requirements of the framework buoyancy system, the side rolling force system and the torsion force system; according to the stress characteristic of the guide pillar type bogie, independent full bridge circuits are designed at four vertical stress positions of a framework, three combined test force systems of sink-float, side-roll and torsion have larger response levels on the basis of careful calculation, and meanwhile interference response generated by other force systems is lower than the test response by two orders of magnitude, so that decoupling accuracy of each force system is ensured. The bogie force measuring framework ensures the test precision and enables the measured load and the structural strain to present a better quasi-static relation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a load cell frame for a 209P passenger vehicle;

FIG. 1A is a bridge structure diagram of a vertical load testing structure of a force-measuring frame of a 209P-type passenger vehicle;

fig. 2 and 3 are strain gauge pasting areas of a vertical load testing structure of a force measuring frame of a 209P type passenger car.

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a CW-2000 type metro force measuring frame;

FIG. 4A is a bridge structure diagram of a vertical load testing structure of a CW-2000 type metro force measuring frame;

fig. 5 and 6 are strain gauge adhesive areas of a vertical load testing structure of a force measuring frame of a CW-2000 type subway vehicle.

Description of reference numerals: 1-a first strain gauge; 2-a second strain gage; 3-a third strain gauge; 4-a fourth strain gage; q1-azimuth; q2-dihedral; q3-three position angle; q4-four azimuth; 51-inner spring strut seat; 52-outboard spring strut seat; 71-a cross beam; 81-side beam upper cover plate outer edge; 82-outer edges of lower cover plates of the side beams; 83-side beam upper cover inner edge; 84-side beam lower cover inner edge; s1-range; s2-range.

Detailed Description

The manufacturing method of the bogie force measuring frame is described by combining the accompanying drawings as follows:

(1) a finite element model of the guide column type force measurement framework is established by adopting a finite element method, a simulation load is applied to the framework structure, a strain bridge combination mode is designed on the framework aiming at the vertical load force system, and a high-separation-degree load identification point area of the force measurement framework is determined.

In the step (1), the specific process and step of searching the high-resolution load identification point region on the frame do not fall within the scope of the present invention, nor do they affect the use of the present invention by the public for load testing, and therefore, the present invention is not described in detail.

The invention can confirm that: a typical column dynamometric frame (for example a 209P passenger car dynamometric frame) as shown in fig. 1 has two side beams and two cross beams 71, the two ends of the two side beams forming the four corners of the frame, which are designated as a first corner Q1, a second corner Q2, a third corner Q3 and a fourth corner Q4, respectively, and at each corner there are four high-separation load identification point regions, respectively:

a first region: a side rail top cover outer edge 81 located between the side rail junction with the proximal cross rail 71 and the center of the outboard spring strut seat 52 (as indicated by range S1);

a second region: a side sill lower cover outer edge 82 and located between the side sill connection with the proximal cross member 71 to the center of the outboard spring strut seat 52 (as shown in range S1);

a third region: a side rail top cover inner edge 83, located between the side rail junction with the proximal cross rail 71 and the center of the outboard spring strut seat 52 (as shown in range S2);

a fourth region: a side rail bottom cover inner edge 84 located between the side rail junction with the proximal cross rail 71 and the center of the outboard spring strut seat 52 (as indicated by range S2);

the term "proximal cross member" refers to a cross member that is closer to the corner of each region.

(2) Adhering a plurality of strain gauges to each high-resolution load identification point area; weighing: the strain gauge on the first area is a first strain gauge 1, the strain gauge on the second area is a second strain gauge 2, the strain gauge on the third area is a third strain gauge 3, and the strain gauge on the fourth area is a fourth strain gauge 4; since the number of the first strain gauge 1, the second strain gauge 2, the third strain gauge 3 and the fourth strain gauge 4 is plural, a group of full-bridge circuit structures can be formed by any one of the first strain gauge 1, any one of the second strain gauge 2, any one of the third strain gauge 3 and any one of the fourth strain gauge 4; as shown in fig. 1A, in each full-bridge circuit structure, a first strain gauge 1 and a second strain gauge 2 form an adjacent arm, a third strain gauge 3 and a fourth strain gauge 4 form an adjacent arm, the first strain gauge 1 and the third strain gauge 3 form a paired arm, and the second strain gauge 2 and the fourth strain gauge 4 form a paired arm;

(3) the framework structure adhered with the strain gauge is statically calibrated on a calibration test bed special for a multichannel loading force measurement framework, each full-bridge circuit structure is subjected to decoupling calculation one by one, and one or more groups of bridge structures with highest mutual decoupling precision or one or more groups of bridge structures meeting the decoupling precision requirement are found;

the decoupling accuracy refers to the response capability of the full-bridge circuit output to the tested force system, and the influence capability of other disturbance force systems (such as a transverse load force system) on the tested force system on the full-bridge circuit. The decoupling precision is high, which means that the full-bridge circuit has high response to the tested force system and is slightly influenced by the interference force system.

(4) Finishing the manufacture of the force measuring framework according to the finally determined bridge combination structure; namely, removing the redundant strain gauge, and if necessary, sticking the strain gauge again at the determined strain gauge sticking position; if desired, at least one set of redundant bridge structures is arranged at each corner of the load cell frame.

Referring to fig. 4, 4A, 5 and 6, the structure and method of the present invention applied to a CW-2000 type metro force-measuring frame (a conical laminated rubber spring type force-measuring frame with a structure similar to that of a guide pillar type force-measuring frame) are the same as those of the previous embodiment, and are not repeated herein.

Therefore, it is considered that the vertical loading force system testing structure of the guide pillar type force measuring frame and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the invention can also be applied to the conical laminated rubber spring type force measuring frame and the cylindrical laminated rubber spring type force measuring frame, and the guide pillar type force measuring frame, the conical laminated rubber spring type force measuring frame and the cylindrical laminated rubber spring type force measuring frame are collectively called a guide pillar type-like force measuring frame.