阅读说明：本技术 一种测试人体运动下消防服热防护性能的仪器 (Instrument for testing thermal protection performance of firefighter uniform under human body movement ) 是由 苏云 李俊 王云仪 张向辉 于 2019-09-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种测试人体运动下消防服热防护性能的仪器,包括总支架、热源模拟器、织物试样架、空气层模拟器、动态样品传送装置、数据采集系统。总支架上固定了热源模拟器与试样推车轨道,试样推车轨道上设有动态样品传送装置,通过连杆将试样推车与转动曲轴相连接,试样推车可沿所述的轨道左右滑动,试样推车上从左往右依次设有可前后移动的织物试样架、可拆卸的空气层模拟器、可拆卸的传感器基座,利用全螺纹螺钉与螺母将织物试样架与各层织物固定,传感器基座内设有水冷传感器,依次与数据采集卡、计算机连接,转动曲轴通过飞轮与调速发动机相连,可以实现试样推车的左右移动。本发明能够对人体运动情况下的消防服热防护性能进行准确地测评。(The invention relates to an instrument for testing the thermal protection performance of a firefighter uniform under human motion, which comprises a main support, a heat source simulator, a fabric sample rack, an air layer simulator, a dynamic sample transmission device and a data acquisition system. The heat source simulator and the sample trolley track are fixed on the main support, the dynamic sample conveying device is arranged on the sample trolley track, the sample trolley is connected with the rotating crankshaft through the connecting rod, the sample trolley can slide left and right, the sample trolley is sequentially provided with a fabric sample rack capable of moving back and forth, a detachable air layer simulator and a detachable sensor base from left to right, the fabric sample rack and each layer of fabric are fixed through full-thread screws and nuts, a water-cooling sensor is arranged in the sensor base and is sequentially connected with a data acquisition card and a computer, the rotating crankshaft is connected with a speed regulating engine through a flywheel, and the left and right movement of the sample trolley can be achieved. The invention can accurately evaluate the thermal protection performance of the fire-fighting suit under the condition of human body movement.)

1. The utility model provides an instrument of fire-entry suit thermal protection performance under test human motion, its characterized in that, includes main support (1), heat source simulator, fabric sample frame (7), sample shallow (5), air bed simulator (13), dynamic sample conveying drive arrangement, skin temperature analog unit, sensing unit and data acquisition analytic system, wherein:

the main support (1) is used for fixing the heat source simulator, the dynamic sample transmission driving device and the sample trolley track (2);

the heat source simulator is used for generating a heat source which radiates towards the direction of the sample cart (5);

the test sample cart (5) is arranged on the test sample cart track (2), the test sample cart (5) is driven by the dynamic sample conveying driving device to move back and forth along the test sample cart track (2) towards the direction close to the heat source simulator and the direction far away from the heat source simulator, the moving direction of the test sample cart (5) is defined as the front direction and the rear direction, the direction close to the heat source simulator is defined as the front direction, and the direction far away from the heat source simulator is defined as the rear direction;

the fabric sample rack (7) is arranged on the sample trolley (5), the fabric sample rack (7) can move forwards and backwards on the sample trolley (5), the fabric to be tested is clamped between the fabric sample rack (7) and the air layer simulator (13) by moving and locking the fabric sample rack (7), and the fabric sample rack (7), the fabric to be tested and the air layer simulator (13) are sequentially arranged from front to back;

the air layer simulator (13) is detachably arranged on the sample trolley (5), and the air layers with different thicknesses are simulated by using the air layer simulators (13) with different thicknesses, so that the thickness of the air layer is adjusted;

a detachable skin temperature simulation unit is arranged at the rear side of the air layer simulator (13), and the skin temperature simulation unit simulates the skin temperature of a human body;

the sensing unit is used for acquiring the temperature of the skin temperature simulation unit and sending the temperature data acquired in real time to the data acquisition and analysis system;

and the data acquisition and analysis system performs skin burn analysis according to the temperature data obtained in real time.

2. The apparatus for testing the thermal protective performance of a firefighter uniform during human movement according to claim 1, wherein the fabric sample holder (7) and the air layer simulator (13) are each of a frame-type structure with an internal opening, and the internal opening of the fabric sample holder (7) is equal in area and opposite to the internal opening of the air layer simulator (13).

3. The apparatus for testing the thermal protection performance of a firefighter uniform during human movement according to claim 1, wherein the heat source simulator comprises a fixing groove (4) formed in the main frame (1) and a radiation plate (3) fixed in the fixing groove (4), and the radiation plate (3) is a metal plateThe far infrared ceramic radiation plate has an effective radiation area of 120mm × 120mm and a heat flux generation amount of 0kW/m²-21kW/m²And regulating the radiant heat flux by controlling the heating power.

4. The apparatus for testing the thermal protection performance of the firefighter uniform under human motion according to claim 1, wherein the skin temperature simulation unit comprises a sensor base (14) fixed on the sample cart (5), a heat dissipation pipeline and a constant temperature water tank; the sensing unit comprises a water-cooled sensor (15); the water-cooling sensor (15) is arranged in the sensor base (14), the water-cooling sensor (15) is connected with the constant-temperature water tank through a heat dissipation pipeline, constant-temperature circulating flowing water is communicated with the interior of the heat dissipation pipeline and the constant-temperature water tank, and the temperature of the circulating flowing water is constant at 32.5+1 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an instrument for testing the thermal protection performance of a firefighter uniform under human motion, and belongs to the technical field of textile measurement.

Background

The evaluation method of the thermal protective performance of the fire-fighting suit has been rapidly developed in recent years, and the relevant standards for the evaluation of the thermal protective performance of the fabric, such as a thermal protective performance test under the condition of flash fire thermal exposure (TPP, ASTM F2703), a radiation protective performance test under the condition of medium and high radiant heat exposure (RPP, ASTM F2701), a thermal energy storage test under the condition of low-level radiant heat exposure (SET, ASTM F2731), and the like, have been published internationally. In addition, some researchers optimize standard test methods of thermal protection performance, Lu Jiu et al propose a thermal protection performance evaluation device considering fabric deformation in the invention patent 'fabric protection performance evaluation device', good et al propose a thermal protection performance evaluation device considering fabric heat storage in the invention patent 'tester of comprehensive thermal protection performance of fabric system', and Xinlisha et al propose a thermal protection performance evaluation device considering dynamic change of air layer thickness in the invention patent 'tester of thermal protection performance of fabric system'.

However, the test methods can measure the thermal protection performance of the firefighter uniform under the static condition of the human body, but the influence of human body movement on the evaluation of the thermal protection performance of the firefighter uniform is not considered. In the fire-fighting and emergency rescue work, workers are often in a moving state, the relative distance between a dressed human body and a heat source is not a constant value, and the change of the heat exposure distance influences the transfer efficiency of environmental heat to the human body, so that the heat protection performance of the fire-fighting suit is changed. Meanwhile, the human body movement changes the shape of the clothes and drives the surrounding air to flow, so that forced convection heat transfer is generated, and the heat transfer between the surface of the clothes and an air layer under the clothes is influenced. Therefore, under the static heat exposure condition, the safety risk of a fireman in a thermal disaster environment cannot be accurately evaluated by the conventional experimental device, the thermal protection performance of the firefighter uniform under the condition of human body movement is difficult to evaluate, and a fabric sample conveying device capable of simulating human body movement is mainly lacked. Therefore, the invention is urgently needed to invent an instrument for evaluating the thermal protection performance of the firefighter uniform under human body movement, and the thermal protection level of the firefighter uniform under the thermal disaster environment is reflected more truly.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is: provided is equipment capable of evaluating the thermal protection performance of a firefighter uniform in a human motion state.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for testing thermal protection performance of a firefighter uniform under human motion, which is characterized by comprising a main support, a heat source simulator, a fabric sample rack, a sample cart, an air layer simulator, a dynamic sample transmission driving device, a skin temperature simulation unit, a sensing unit and a data acquisition and analysis system, wherein:

the main support is used for fixing the heat source simulator, the dynamic sample transmission driving device and the sample trolley track;

the heat source simulator is used for generating a heat source which radiates towards the direction of the sample cart;

the test sample cart is arranged on the test sample cart track, the test sample cart is driven by the dynamic sample conveying driving device to move back and forth along the test sample cart track towards the direction close to the heat source simulator and the direction far away from the heat source simulator, the moving direction of the test sample cart is defined as the front direction and the rear direction, the direction close to the heat source simulator is defined as the front direction, and the direction far away from the heat source simulator is defined as the rear direction;

the fabric sample rack is arranged on the sample trolley, the fabric sample rack can move forwards and backwards on the sample trolley, the fabric to be tested is clamped between the fabric sample rack and the air layer simulator by moving and locking the fabric sample rack, and the fabric sample rack, the fabric to be tested and the air layer simulator are sequentially arranged from front to back;

the air layer simulator is detachably arranged on the sample trolley, and air layers with different thicknesses are simulated by using the air layer simulators with different thicknesses, so that the thickness of the air layer is adjusted;

the rear side of the air layer simulator is provided with a detachable skin temperature simulation unit, and the skin temperature simulation unit simulates the skin temperature of a human body;

the sensing unit is used for acquiring the temperature of the skin temperature simulation unit and sending the temperature data acquired in real time to the data acquisition and analysis system;

and the data acquisition and analysis system performs skin burn analysis according to the temperature data obtained in real time.

Preferably, the fabric sample holder and the air layer simulator are each of a frame-shaped structure having an inner opening, and the inner opening of the fabric sample holder is equal in area and opposite in position to the inner opening of the air layer simulator.

Preferably, the heat source simulator comprises a fixing groove arranged on the main support and a radiation plate fixed in the fixing groove, the radiation plate is a far infrared ceramic radiation plate, the effective radiation area is 120mm multiplied by 120mm, and the size of generated heat flux is 0kW/m²-21 kW/m²And regulating the radiant heat flux by controlling the heating power.

Preferably, the skin temperature simulation unit comprises a sensor base fixed on the sample cart, a heat dissipation pipeline and a constant temperature water tank; the sensing unit comprises a water-cooling sensor; the water-cooling sensor is arranged in the sensor base and is connected with the constant-temperature water tank through a heat dissipation pipeline, constant-temperature circulating flowing water is communicated with the interior of the constant-temperature water tank through the heat dissipation pipeline, and the temperature of the circulating flowing water is constant at 32.5+1 ℃.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects: the invention designs an instrument for testing the thermal protection performance of the firefighter uniform under human motion, and the distances among the fabric sample rack, the sensor base and the heat source simulator can be adjusted according to the preset human motion state, so that the limitation of the traditional static thermal protection performance test is broken through, and the thermal protection performance of the firefighter uniform under the thermal disaster environment is more practically evaluated; the dynamic sample conveying device comprises the sample trolley, the rotating crankshaft and the speed regulating engine, can simulate the change of the distance between a human body and a heat source, and can also simulate the relative movement rate of the human body in heat exposure, so that the dynamic sample conveying device can be used for researching the influence of the heat exposure distance and the movement rate of the human body on the heat protection performance of the fire-fighting clothing, makes up the limitation of the conventional fire-fighting clothing heat protection performance evaluation device, and has very important significance for researching and developing novel heat protection materials, scientifically screening proper heat protection equipment and improving the safety of fire-fighting operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Wherein: the device comprises a main support 1, a trolley track 2, a radiation plate 3, a fixed base 4, a sample trolley 5, a trolley directional wheel 6, a fabric sample rack 7, a full-thread screw 8, a nut 9, an outer-layer fabric 10, a waterproof and breathable layer fabric 11, a heat-insulating layer fabric 12, an air layer simulator 13, a sensor base 14, a water-cooling sensor 15, a data acquisition card 16, a computer 17, a connecting rod 18, a crankshaft bearing 19, a rotating crankshaft 20, a rotating flywheel 21 and an adjustable-speed engine 22.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

The instrument for testing the thermal protection performance of the firefighter uniform under human motion as shown in figure 1 comprises a main support 1, a heat source simulator, a fabric sample rack 7, a sample trolley 5, an air layer simulator 13, a dynamic sample transmission driving device, a skin temperature simulation unit, a sensing unit and a data acquisition and analysis system.

A heat source simulator, a dynamic sample transmission driving device and a sample trolley track 2 are fixed on the main support 1. The heat source simulator comprises a fixing groove 4 and a radiation plate 3, wherein the radiation plate 3 is a far infrared ceramic radiation plate, the effective radiation area is 120mm multiplied by 120mm, and the size capable of generating heat flux is 0kW/m²-21 kW/m²The radiant heat flux can be adjusted by controlling the heating power.

The sample cart 5 is located on the sample cart track 2, and the dynamic sample conveying driving device drives the sample cart 5 to move back and forth along the sample cart track 2 towards the direction close to the heat source simulator and the direction far away from the heat source simulator. The movement direction of the sample cart 5 is defined as the front and rear directions; and the direction close to the heat source simulator is defined as front, and the direction far away from the heat source simulator is defined as back.

In this embodiment, the dynamic sample transfer driving device includes a connecting rod 18, a crankshaft bearing 19, a rotating crankshaft 20, a rotating flywheel 21, and a speed-adjustable engine 22. One end of the connecting rod 18 is connected with the sample cart 5, the other end is connected with a crankshaft bearing 19, and the crankshaft bearing 19 is connected with a rotating crankshaft 20. The speed-adjustable engine 22 drives the rotating crankshaft 20 to rotate through the rotating flywheel 21, and the rotating crankshaft 20 drives the sample trolley 5 to reciprocate back and forth along the sample trolley track 2 through the connecting rod 18. The speed-adjustable engine 22 is provided with three levels of rotating speeds which are respectively 10r/min, 20r/min and 30r/min, so that the sample cart 5 can move back and forth, and the process that operators participate in back and forth operations such as rescue, fire extinguishment and the like in a thermal disaster environment is simulated.

The sample cart 5 is provided with a fabric sample holder 7 which can move back and forth, a detachable air layer simulator 13 and a detachable sensor base 14 of a skin temperature simulation unit in this order from front to back.

The fabric sample holder 7 has a frame-shaped structure with an open interior, an outer cross-sectional area of 150mm × 150mm and an inner open area of 100mm × 100mm, and can move forward and backward along the sample cart 5. The fabric sample rack 7 is internally provided with an outer layer 10, a waterproof breathable layer 11 and a heat insulation layer fabric 12 in sequence from front to back, and the fabric sample rack 7 and each layer of fabric are fixed by using full-thread screws 8 and nuts 9.

The air layer simulator 13 is a frame-shaped structure with an internal opening, is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the size of the internal opening of the air layer simulator 13 is equal to and corresponds to the size of the internal opening of the fabric sample holder 7, and the area of the internal opening is 100mm multiplied by 100 mm. The adjustment of the thickness of the air layer is achieved by simulating the thickness of the air layer of 3cm, 6cm, 9cm, 12cm, 15cm, 18cm, 21cm, 24cm using the air layer simulator 13 of different thickness.

The skin temperature simulation unit comprises a sensor base 14, a heat dissipation pipeline and a constant temperature water tank. The sensing unit comprises a water-cooled sensor 15. A water-cooling sensor 15 is arranged in the sensor base 14, and the water-cooling sensor 15 is connected with a constant-temperature water tank through a heat dissipation pipeline. Constant-temperature circulating flowing water is communicated between the heat dissipation pipeline and the constant-temperature water tank, the temperature of the circulating flowing water is constant at 32.5+1 ℃, the temperature is mainly used for simulating the skin temperature of a human body, and meanwhile, the temperature of the sensor base 14 is prevented from being too high. The data acquisition and analysis system comprises a data acquisition card 16 and a computer 17, and the water-cooling sensor 15 is sequentially connected with the data acquisition card 16 and the computer 17. The data acquisition card 16 is a PCI-6251 multi-functional, multi-channel DAQ data board card of NI corporation. The computer 17 is provided with pre-programmed data acquisition software, and the time of the second-level burn and the third-level burn of the skin can be calculated through a skin burn analysis system.

The difference between the optimal selection of the invention and the prior experimental device is that the design of the dynamic sample conveying device can change the relative distance between the fabric sample and the water-cooling sensor in the thermal hazard exposure and the heat source, and the back-and-forth movement of the fabric sample and the water-cooling sensor in the thermal hazard exposure can be realized by adjusting the speed-regulating engine, so as to simulate the motion state of the operator in the thermal hazard environment for executing tasks, thereby having very important practical significance for more accurately evaluating the thermal protection performance of the fire-fighting suit under the thermal hazard environment condition, protecting the physical and mental health and life safety of the fire-fighting operator, and improving the efficiency of the fire-fighting operation. In addition, the invention also has the advantages of low cost, safe and convenient operation and the like.