阅读说明：本技术 一种通过低频振动和机械冲击为便捷式和可穿戴电子设备供电的混合纳米发电机 (Hybrid nano-generator for supplying power to portable and wearable electronic equipment through low-frequency vibration and mechanical impact ) 是由 冯晶晶 王辰 王炜 刘成 刘海英 于 2019-07-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：在这项工作中,我们提出一个新的发电机设计模型,该模型为同时包括电磁,冲击式压电和摩擦发电的五稳态混合纳米发电机。并且利用接触分离和滑动模式在低频振动或机械冲击下为电子设备供电。冲击式压电发电机构件利用基于冲击的上变频机制提高低频运行时的能量转换效率。这种上变频转换机制将通过五稳态动力学行为被进一步加强,此方法的能量转换效率预计会比传统方法提高20倍。摩擦式纳米发电机构件的表面采用摩擦生电材料来提高输出性能,并且磁铁之间的斥力可以增强摩擦过程。此研究的困难在于设计的三种不同采集方法可以在相同的机械运动下同时有效地工作。主要目标是通过优化此五稳态结构从低频振动或机械冲击中产生显著的输出功率。(In this work, we propose a new generator design model, which is a pentastatic hybrid nano-generator that includes electromagnetic, impulse piezoelectric and triboelectric generation at the same time. And power the electronic device with low frequency vibration or mechanical shock using contact separation and sliding modes. The impulse piezoelectric generator component utilizes an impulse-based up-conversion mechanism to improve energy conversion efficiency at low frequency operation. This upconversion mechanism will be further enhanced by pentastatic dynamics, and the energy conversion efficiency of this method is expected to be 20 times higher than that of the conventional method. The surface of the friction type nanometer generator component adopts friction electricity generating materials to improve the output performance, and the repulsion force between the magnets can enhance the friction process. The difficulty with this study is that three different acquisition methods are designed to work effectively simultaneously with the same mechanical motion. The main goal is to generate significant output power from low frequency vibrations or mechanical shocks by optimizing this penta-stable structure.)

1. The invention relates to the field of model design, and provides a pentastatic hybrid generator which simultaneously acquires electric quantity by three methods of cutting a magnetic induction line by a coil, vibrating a piezoelectric plate and rubbing a friction material.

2. Baffle structures are arranged at two ends of the magnet, and when the sliding magnet collides with the baffle, great electric efficiency can be generated instantly. The baffle plate is designed into a shape and size which can just generate the large-range movement of the multiple traps through theoretical calculation. The pentastatic characteristic is realized through the nonlinear magnetic force and the piecewise linear baffle, the bandwidth is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved to the maximum extent.

3. Baffle structures are arranged at two ends of the magnet, and when the sliding magnet collides with the baffle, great electric efficiency can be generated instantly. The baffle plate is designed into a shape and size which can just generate the large-range movement of the multiple traps through theoretical calculation. The pentastatic characteristic is realized through the nonlinear magnetic force and the piecewise linear baffle, the bandwidth is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved to the maximum extent.

4. In order to improve the output performance, the friction part between the magnet and the contact surface is made of friction electricity generating materials such as nano-structure polytetrafluoroethylene, nano-grass aluminum, nano-porous aluminum and the like, and the friction process is enhanced through the repulsion force between the magnets.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of model design, provides a pentastatic hybrid generator which simultaneously acquires electric quantity by three methods of cutting a magnetic induction line by a coil, vibrating a piezoelectric plate and rubbing a friction material, and greatly improves the energy conversion efficiency.

Background

With the development of society, people's environmental awareness is strengthened, but batteries, as the main power supply mode of equipment, can cause serious pollution to the environment. Therefore, the development of more environmentally friendly power generation methods is beginning to become a focus of attention for researchers.

Batteries are required to be replaced regularly as a power supply mode, and due to the complex structure or the bad installation environment and other reasons of some electronic equipment, a large amount of manpower and financial resources are required to be consumed for replacing once, so that the resource waste is caused. Therefore, designing a self-powered power supply mode is a primary goal of saving resources. Energy in nature is inexhaustible, and natural energy is reasonably utilized and converted into electric energy to supply power to equipment to become the first choice.

Nowadays, energy collection in nature is mainly achieved in one mode, for example, vibration energy is mainly collected through piezoelectric driving, and the vibration energy is converted into electric energy through vibration of a piezoelectric piece. However, the conversion efficiency is not high. If several acquisition methods can be designed to work effectively under the same mechanical motion, the conversion efficiency is greatly improved, and the energy in the nature is utilized to the maximum extent.

When the structure is complicated, the processed device is often large in size, which can cause a series of problems of heavy equipment, inconvenient carrying and the like. Therefore, the reasonable structure is designed, and the equipment is gradually miniaturized to be the research target of designers.

When the equipment resonates, the energy conversion efficiency is highest. However, the bandwidth at resonance is small, so the device has a small application range. The bandwidth is increased by adjusting the structure, and the conversion efficiency of the equipment is greatly increased.

The mechanical properties of the generators of today are mainly monostable and only at one frequency will produce a main resonance, resulting in a high output power. The generator structure is designed, the steady state is increased, the generator can resonate under a plurality of frequencies, high power output can be generated under different working environments, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

In order to overcome the defects and enable the generator to obtain higher energy conversion efficiency, a penta-stable state mixed nano generator which simultaneously acquires energy by three methods including electromagnetism, impact type piezoelectricity and friction is provided. First, the generator is designed to minimize its size so that it can power portable and wearable electronics with low frequency vibrations and mechanical shocks. Secondly, the energy conversion efficiency of the generator during operation is improved by matching the three methods. Then, proper triboelectric materials are selected to improve the output performance. The most important point is that three different acquisition methods are designed to work effectively at the same time under the same mechanical motion.

(II) technical scheme

In order to enable the three acquisition methods to work effectively at the same time, the model utilizes a contact separation mode and a sliding mode, friction and piezoelectric electricity collection are realized by the friction of the sliding and contact surfaces of the magnet and the collision of the magnet and the support stuck with the piezoelectric piece, then coils are placed above and below the magnet, and electromagnetic electricity generation is realized by cutting magnetic induction lines by the coils.

Baffle structures are arranged at two ends of the magnet, and when the sliding magnet collides with the baffle, great electric efficiency can be generated instantly. The baffle plate is designed into a shape and size which can just generate the large-range movement of the multiple traps through theoretical calculation. The pentastatic characteristic is realized through the nonlinear magnetic force and the piecewise linear baffle, and the bandwidth is increased.

The friction part between the magnet and the contact surface is made of nano-structure polytetrafluoroethylene, nano-grass aluminum, nano-porous aluminum and other friction charge generating materials to improve the output performance, and the repulsion force between the magnets is used for enhancing the friction process

Advantages of the third patent

1. According to the invention, three methods of coil cutting magnetic induction lines, piezoelectric sheet vibration and friction of friction materials are used for simultaneously acquiring electric quantity, so that the energy conversion efficiency is greatly improved.

2. The model has small volume, large bandwidth and wide applicable vibration frequency range.

3. The impulse piezoelectric generator member will utilize an impulse-based up-conversion mechanism to improve energy conversion efficiency at low frequency operation and reduce the overall volume of the device.

4. The five-steady-state dynamic behavior enhances the up-conversion mechanism, and the energy conversion efficiency of the method is expected to be improved by 20 times compared with the traditional up-conversion mechanism.

5. The repulsive force between the magnets enhances the friction process and improves the energy conversion efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a low-frequency vibration-driven hybrid nano-generator model.

Fig. 2 is the main dimensions of the hybrid nano-generator.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a penta-stable hybrid generator which can simultaneously acquire electric quantity by three methods of cutting magnetic induction lines by coils, vibrating piezoelectric patches and rubbing friction materials, and is shown in figure 1. First, a suitable plastic housing is prepared as the outer structure of the generator. Then two permanent magnets are placed in the plastic shell to serve as mass blocks, and the magnets can slide left and right to be used for rubbing the contact surface and impacting and colliding with the baffle. And fixing an aluminum electrode on the surface of the sliding magnet, and fixing a polytetrafluoroethylene electrode and a copper electrode on the side wall for collecting electric quantity generated when the magnet is rubbed with the contact surface. The piezoelectric baffles are arranged on two sides of the sliding magnet, the piezoelectric sheet can be bent after the sliding magnet collides with the baffles, and the piezoelectric sheet can generate certain electric quantity after being bent according to the performance of the piezoelectric sheet. And finally, the coil is fixed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hybrid generator, and when the magnet slides, the coil can cut the magnetic induction line to generate electric quantity. The electric quantity collected by the three methods is stored for power generation of the electronic equipment. Finally, the whole size is assembled as shown in figure 2. Through experiments, the hybrid nano-generator is expected to generate 5mW output power through human body induced vibration such as handshaking, walking and jogging. Because the mixed nano generator is small in size, the power density of the device can reach 536.5W/m³。