阅读说明：本技术 一种直线永磁涡流减速装置 (Linear permanent magnet eddy current speed reduction device ) 是由 刘军 王玮华 沈文波 郑奎涛 蒋大鹏 于 2019-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种直线永磁涡流减速装置,永磁体组件(2)呈梳齿状垂直安装在滑车(6)上,每两永磁体组件(2)之间留有间隙一(12),每个感应板组件(3)由多个感应板(9)呈梳齿状垂直安装在垂直滑轨(7)之间的构筑物(14)上,每两个感应板(9)之间留有间隙二(13)。当滑车(6)运动到预定行程或者速度,安装在滑车(6)上的永磁体组件(2)进入感应板组件(3)安装区域,间隙一(12)穿过感应板(9)的间隙二(13),感应板(9)切割滑车(6)上的永磁体(8)磁场,产生涡流制动力,滑车(6)在涡流制动力的作用下快速减速。本发明可以很好地解决40m/s以上速度、重型物体减速制动技术问题,且结构简单、适用范围广、可靠性高。(A linear permanent magnet eddy current speed reduction device is characterized in that permanent magnet assemblies (2) are arranged on a pulley (6) in a comb-tooth shape, a first gap (12) is reserved between every two permanent magnet assemblies (2), each induction plate assembly (3) is arranged on a structure (14) between vertical sliding rails (7) in a comb-tooth shape through a plurality of induction plates (9), and a second gap (13) is reserved between every two induction plates (9). When the pulley (6) moves to a preset stroke or speed, the permanent magnet assembly (2) installed on the pulley (6) enters the installation area of the induction plate assembly (3), the gap I (12) penetrates through the gap II (13) of the induction plate (9), the induction plate (9) cuts the magnetic field of the permanent magnet (8) on the pulley (6) to generate eddy braking force, and the pulley (6) is rapidly decelerated under the action of the eddy braking force. The invention can well solve the technical problems of speed reduction and braking of heavy objects with the speed of more than 40m/s, and has simple structure, wide application range and high reliability.)

1. A linear permanent magnet eddy current speed reducer comprises a vertical test tower (1), permanent magnet assemblies (2), induction plate assemblies (3), a pulley (6), vertical slide rails (7), permanent magnets (8) and induction plates (9), and is characterized in that the permanent magnet assemblies (2) are vertically arranged on the pulley (6) in a comb-tooth shape, a first gap (12) is reserved between every two permanent magnet assemblies (2), each induction plate assembly (3) is vertically arranged on a structure (14) between the vertical slide rails (7) in a comb-tooth shape through a plurality of induction plates (9), and a second gap (13) is reserved between every two induction plates (9);

the permanent magnet assembly (2) is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets (8) according to a certain magnetic field direction, the induction plate (9) can just penetrate through the first gap (12), and the arrangement length of the induction plate (9) is matched with the braking force;

when the pulley (6) moves to a preset stroke or speed, the permanent magnet assembly (2) installed on the pulley (6) enters the installation area of the induction plate assembly (3), the gap I (12) penetrates through the gap II (13) of the induction plate (9), the induction plate (9) cuts the magnetic field of the permanent magnet (8) on the pulley (6) to generate eddy braking force, and the pulley (6) is rapidly decelerated under the action of the eddy braking force.

2. The linear permanent magnet eddy current deceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the permanent magnet assembly (2) is composed of four groups of comb-tooth-shaped permanent magnet eddy current deceleration modules, each module is composed of a left permanent magnet and a right permanent magnet which are respectively 90, the number of the induction plates (9) is four, and the number of the gaps two (13) is three, and the induction plates correspond to the four groups of comb-tooth-shaped permanent magnet eddy current deceleration modules.

3. The linear permanent magnet eddy current deceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a tower bottom hydraulic buffer device (4) comprising a hydraulic buffer cylinder (10) and a tower bottom rigid support (11) is also arranged at the tail end of the deceleration stroke of the vertical slide rail (7).

4. The linear permanent magnet eddy current deceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in order to meet the requirements of special performance of magnetic field intensity enhancement of a working area and magnetic field attenuation of a non-working area, the magnetic field direction of each permanent magnet is reasonably arranged, and the magnetic field direction of each permanent magnet (8) is as follows: and each six permanent magnets (8) on the left side and the right side of each line of the induction plates (9) form a closed magnetic field in a shape of a Chinese character 'hui' by taking the position of each line of the induction plates as a symmetrical plane.

5. The linear permanent magnet eddy current deceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the permanent magnet (8) is preferably a high-energy permanent magnet of type N45M.

6. The linear permanent magnet eddy current deceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arrangement length of the induction plate (9) is matched with the braking force.

7. The linear permanent magnet eddy current deceleration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the induction plate (9) is preferably made of more than two conductive materials.

8. The linear permanent magnet eddy current deceleration device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the material of the induction plate (9) is selected from the induction plate material with small conductivity and large braking force when the speed is maximum, and the induction plate material with larger conductivity is adopted when the speed is reduced to a certain value.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a permanent magnet eddy current speed reduction technology capable of being used on a vertical sliding rail, in particular to a linear permanent magnet eddy current speed reduction device.

Background

The permanent magnet eddy current speed reducing technology is that a series of N, S poles of alternately arranged permanent magnets are used to generate magnetic fields with alternately distributed directions, when a moving object carrying an induction plate moves relative to the magnetic field of the permanent magnets, the induction plate cuts magnetic lines of force to generate induced electromotive force and eddy current, and through the interaction between the eddy current magnetic field and the magnetic field of the permanent magnets, reverse braking force which changes along with the change of speed is generated, so that the kinetic energy of the object is converted into heat energy on the induction plate, and the speed reduction of the object is realized.

The existing permanent magnet eddy current braking technology is a building jumper used in a vertical amusement facility and a device applied to a railway to decelerate a train, which both belong to the linear permanent magnet eddy current braking technology, and the two application environments are not limited by installation space, so that a permanent magnet and an induction plate are simply combined, and the braking efficiency is relatively low. The technical problem of rapid braking with large mass, high speed and short distance can not be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical purpose is as follows: the invention provides a linear permanent magnet eddy current speed reducer, which can well solve the technical problems of speed reduction and braking of heavy objects with the speed of more than 40m/s, and has the advantages of simple structure, wide application range and high reliability.

The technical scheme is as follows: the utility model provides a sharp permanent magnetism eddy current decelerator, includes vertical test tower, permanent magnet subassembly, response board subassembly, coaster, perpendicular slide rail, permanent magnet, induction plate, and the permanent magnet subassembly is the broach form and installs perpendicularly on the coaster, leaves clearance one between per two permanent magnet subassemblies, and every induction plate subassembly is by a plurality of induction plates and is the broach form and install perpendicularly on the structure between perpendicular slide rail, leaves clearance two between per two induction plates. The permanent magnet assembly is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets according to a certain magnetic field direction, the induction plates can just penetrate through the gaps, and the arrangement length of the induction plates is matched with the braking force.

When the pulley moves to a preset stroke or speed, the permanent magnet assembly arranged on the pulley enters the installation area of the induction plate assembly, the gap I penetrates through the gap II of the induction plate, the induction plate cuts the magnetic field of the permanent magnet on the pulley to generate eddy braking force, and the pulley is rapidly decelerated under the action of the eddy braking force.

Furthermore, the permanent magnet assembly consists of four groups of comb-tooth-shaped permanent magnet eddy current deceleration modules, each module consists of 90 permanent magnets on the left and right, the induction plates are in four groups, and the gaps are three and correspond to the four groups of comb-tooth-shaped permanent magnet eddy current deceleration modules.

Furthermore, a tower bottom hydraulic buffer device comprising a hydraulic buffer cylinder and a tower bottom rigid support is also arranged at the tail end of the deceleration stroke of the vertical slide rail.

Further, in order to meet the requirements of enhancing the magnetic field intensity of a working area and weakening the magnetic field of a non-working area on special performance, the magnetic field directions of each permanent magnet are reasonably arranged, and the magnetic field directions of the permanent magnets are as follows: and taking the position of each row of induction plates as a symmetrical plane, and forming a loop-shaped closed magnetic field by six permanent magnets on the left side and the right side of the induction plates.

Further, the permanent magnet is preferably an N45M type high-energy permanent magnet.

Furthermore, the layout length of the induction plates is matched with the braking force, more than two types of electric conductivity materials are preferably selected, when the speed is the maximum, the induction plate material with small electric conductivity and large braking force is adopted, and when the speed is reduced to a certain value, the induction plate material with larger electric conductivity is adopted.

The technical effects are as follows: the linear permanent magnet eddy current speed reducer can meet the requirements of horizontal and vertical moving objects with the mass of 4800kg and the speed of more than 40m/s, can reduce the braking capacity within a distance of 60m, has the advantages of reliable performance, convenience in use, no maintenance and the like, and has high popularization and application values.

The technical effects are as follows:

1. the comb-tooth linear permanent magnet eddy current speed reducer adopts domestic temperature-resistant and high-energy level permanent magnets, arranges the multiple layers of permanent magnets and the induction plates in a comb-tooth shape by optimizing the arrangement of a magnetic induction field, effectively controls the direction of the magnetic field and adopts a modular design idea, so that the braking efficiency is multiplied.

2. The vehicle-mounted permanent magnet assembly arranged on a moving object is used as a short rotor, and the long-distance induction plate arranged on a middle structure of a vertical or horizontal track is used as a long stator, so that the construction cost is greatly saved, and the product cost is reduced.

3. The vehicle-mounted permanent magnet assembly is composed of 4 groups of comb-tooth-shaped permanent magnet eddy current deceleration modules, each module is composed of a left permanent magnet and a right permanent magnet, the magnetic field direction of each permanent magnet is reasonably arranged, the requirements of magnetic field intensity enhancement of a working area and special performance reduction of a magnetic field on the side face, the back face and the like of a non-working area can be met, the using amount of the permanent magnets can be reduced, and the influence of the permanent magnets on surrounding test equipment can be reduced.

4. The N45M type high-energy permanent magnet is selected, so that the requirements of outdoor use and impact resistance can be met.

In conclusion, the permanent magnet motor has the advantages of simple structure, no need of manual intervention, stable and reliable performance, installation of the permanent magnet on a moving object and relatively low cost. The modularized and comb-tooth-shaped structure fully considers the engineering feasibility and improves the speed reduction efficiency, the design is novel, the practicability is better, the technical popularization and application prospect is wide, and the important function is played in the technical field of speed reduction braking.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the permanent magnet, the induction plate and the vertical rail of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the permanent magnet assembly and induction plate assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tower bottom hydraulic buffer device of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

The system comprises a vertical test tower, a permanent magnet component 2, an induction plate component 3, a tower bottom hydraulic buffer device 4, a foundation 5, a pulley 6, a vertical slide rail 7, a permanent magnet 8, an induction plate 9, a hydraulic buffer cylinder 10, a tower bottom rigid support 11, a first gap 12, a second gap 13 and a structure 14.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:

fig. 1 shows the relative position relationship between the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet, the induction plates and the vertical rail, and therefore, it can be seen that the permanent magnet assemblies 2 are vertically arranged on the pulley 6 in a comb-tooth shape, a gap 12 is reserved between every two permanent magnet assemblies 2, each induction plate assembly 3 is formed by vertically arranging a plurality of induction plates 9 on a structure 14 between the vertical slide rails 7 in a comb-tooth shape, a gap 13 is reserved between every two induction plates 9, the permanent magnet assemblies 2 are formed by a plurality of permanent magnets 8 according to a certain magnetic field direction, the induction plates 9 just can pass through the gaps 12, and the arrangement length of the induction plates 9 is matched with the braking force.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the permanent magnet assembly and induction plate assembly of the present invention; the permanent magnet assembly 2 consists of four groups of comb-tooth-shaped permanent magnet eddy current deceleration modules, each module consists of a left permanent magnet and a right permanent magnet which are respectively 90, the induction plates 9 are in four groups, and the gaps 13 are three and correspond to the four groups of comb-tooth-shaped permanent magnet eddy current deceleration modules. In order to meet the requirements of special performance of magnetic field intensity enhancement of a working area and magnetic field attenuation of a non-working area, the magnetic field direction of each permanent magnet is reasonably arranged, and the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet 8 is as follows: and each row of induction plates 9 is taken as a symmetrical plane, and a square closed magnetic field is formed by six permanent magnets 8 on the left side and the right side of the induction plates.

The permanent magnet 8 is preferably a high-energy permanent magnet of type N45M.

When the pulley 6 moves to a preset stroke or speed, the permanent magnet assembly 2 arranged on the pulley 6 enters the installation area of the induction plate assembly 3, the gap I12 penetrates through the gap II 13 of the induction plate 9, the induction plate 9 cuts the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 8 on the pulley 6 to generate eddy current braking force, and the pulley 6 is rapidly decelerated under the action of the eddy current braking force.

The technical problems in the aspects of screening of the material of the induction plate and control of the deceleration trajectory are also solved:

1. the constant deceleration overload in the whole deceleration process is met. The speed of a test piece is the maximum when the test piece just enters the speed reducing system, an induction plate material with small conductivity and large braking force is adopted, and after the speed is reduced to a certain value, an induction plate material with large conductivity is adopted.

2. Under the vertical test working condition, in order to solve the problem of low braking efficiency when a small speed enters a deceleration section, on the premise that the permanent magnet and the induction plate are fixed, the braking force and the speed are in an increasing relation in a certain speed range. When the speed exceeds a certain range, the braking force and the speed have a decreasing relation, namely a speed inflection point appears. When the test piece enters the speed reduction system at a lower speed, the braking force is lower due to the lower speed, the gravity is higher than the braking force at the moment, and the speed of the test tackle is not reduced or increased. When the test tackle enters the tail end induction plate, the speed is higher than the inflection point value of the tail end induction plate, the braking force is small at the moment, the braking deceleration cannot be finished, and the final braking of the test piece is realized through the tail end deceleration device. In fig. 3, at the end of the deceleration stroke of the vertical slide 7, a tower bottom hydraulic damping device 4 is also provided, which comprises a hydraulic damping cylinder 10 and a tower bottom rigid support 11.

3. The comb-tooth type linear permanent magnet eddy current speed reduction device can adjust the number of modules according to the quality and the speed of a test piece; selecting a proper sensing plate material according to the required braking force, and selecting more than two conductive materials as the sensing plates with the layout length matched with the braking force for the braking speed of 40 m/s.

The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

the permanent magnet assembly 2 is installed on a tackle 6, the tackle 6 freely falls down along a vertical sliding rail 7 from the top end of a 120m high vertical test tower 1, a test piece is ejected and separated from a machine after reaching a sinking test speed of 40m/s, the tackle 6 then enters an installation area of an induction plate assembly 3, four rows of induction plates 9 arranged on the vertical test tower 1 cut eight groups of permanent magnet 8 magnetic fields on the tackle 6 to generate eddy braking force, the tackle 6 rapidly decelerates under the action of the eddy braking force, the speed is reduced to within 1m/s and then the uniform-speed gliding state is kept, the tackle 6 glides to the bottom of the vertical test tower 1 to impact a tower bottom hydraulic buffer device 4, a hydraulic buffer cylinder 10 compresses and absorbs energy, the braking force is transmitted to a foundation 5 through a tower bottom rigid support 11, and the tackle deceleration and.

The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, but rather, the invention is intended to cover all equivalent variations which fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.