阅读说明：本技术 一种大型薄壁环形内腔复杂结构机匣类零件制造方法 (Manufacturing method of large-sized thin-wall annular inner cavity casing part with complex structure ) 是由 刘欢 张学军 于 2019-09-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明一种大型薄壁环形内腔复杂结构机匣类零件制造方法,包括以下步骤,(1)模型处理：过三维软件将模型进行分段处理,各分段模型分别制造后通过氩弧焊拼焊为一整体；(2)激光选区熔化成形：将各分段零件摆放在激光选区熔化成形设备中,模型先在软件中做支撑处理,然后分层切片得到打印数据；使用上述数据分别生产制造出各分段模型；(3)去应力退火；(4)线切割；(5)支撑去除；(6)零件拼焊；(7)焊后热处理；(8)表面处理。本发明通过激光选区熔化成形和焊接技术制造完整的机匣后框架零件,且零件强度达到锻件标准,零件整体尺寸误差小。(The invention relates to a manufacturing method of a large-scale thin-wall annular inner cavity complex-structure casing part, which comprises the following steps of (1) model processing: performing segmented processing on the models through three-dimensional software, and welding the segmented models into a whole through argon arc welding after the segmented models are manufactured respectively; (2) selective laser melting and forming: placing each segmented part in selective laser melting forming equipment, firstly carrying out support processing on a model in software, and then slicing the model in layers to obtain printing data; respectively producing and manufacturing each segmented model by using the data; (3) stress relief annealing; (4) wire cutting; (5) removing the support; (6) welding parts; (7) postweld heat treatment; (8) and (6) surface treatment. The invention manufactures the complete rear frame part of the casing by the selective laser melting forming and welding technology, the strength of the part reaches the standard of a forged piece, and the whole size error of the part is small.)

1. A manufacturing method of a large thin-wall annular inner cavity complex-structure casing part is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) model processing: performing segmented processing on the models through three-dimensional software, and welding the segmented models into a whole through argon arc welding after the segmented models are manufactured respectively;

(2) selective laser melting and forming: placing each segmented part in selective laser melting forming equipment, firstly carrying out support processing on a model in software, and then slicing the model in layers to obtain printing data; respectively producing and manufacturing each segmented model by using the data;

(3) stress relief annealing: after the selective laser melting and forming is completed, taking down the part and the substrate from the equipment, lifting the substrate, cleaning the substrate and powder on the periphery of the part, and placing the substrate and the powder into a vacuum heat treatment furnace for stress relief heat treatment;

(4) wire cutting: separating the part from the substrate by wire cutting after the heat treatment is finished;

(5) removing the support;

(6) welding parts: after the parts cut from the substrate are processed, respectively machining a welding groove and a butt joint end face, and then completing welding under the clamping of a welding tool;

(7) postweld heat treatment: after the splicing welding of each section of parts is finished, taking out the spliced and welded parts from the tool, placing the spliced and welded parts on a heat treatment tool, and carrying out vacuum heat treatment under the fixation of the heat treatment tool;

(8) surface treatment: after the heat treatment of the part is finished, the part is taken down from the tool and is subjected to sand blasting treatment by using stainless steel shot blasting.

2. The manufacturing method of the large-scale thin-wall annular inner cavity complex structure casing part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the selected material in the model printing in the step (2) is GH4169, the particle size distribution is 15-53um, and the used process data are as follows: the laser power P is 300W, the scanning speed v is 1.5m/s, the scanning pitch d is 0.1mm, and the layer thickness h is 40 um.

3. The manufacturing method of the large-scale thin-wall annular inner cavity complex structure casing part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat treatment method in the step (3) comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 650 ℃ for 2h, and quickly cooling to room temperature by argon.

4. The manufacturing method of the large-scale thin-wall annular inner cavity complex structure casing part according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) the welding sequence in the step (6) is that under the clamping of the tool, all the sections are respectively fixed by spot welding and then are welded inwards in sequence along the outer diameter direction.

5. The manufacturing method of the large-scale thin-wall annular inner cavity complex structure casing part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heat treatment method in the step (7) comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 980 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to room temperature in air; heating to 720 ℃, preserving heat for 8h, cooling to 620 ℃ at the cooling speed of 50 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 8h, and rapidly cooling to room temperature by argon.

6. The manufacturing method of the large-scale thin-wall annular inner cavity complex structure casing part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sand blasting process in the step (8) comprises the following steps: the diameter of the steel shot is 0.3mm, and the sand blasting pressure is 0.4 MPa.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a manufacturing method of a large-sized thin-wall casing part with a circular inner cavity and a complex structure.

Background

In order to improve the performance of ground gas turbine and aeroengine and reduce the weight of parts, large-sized thin-wall casing structures of titanium alloy, high-temperature alloy and the like are widely adopted in design. The traditional manufacturing method of the parts relates to the links of sheet metal, casting, forging and the like. For the manufacture of a complex structure of a large thin-wall annular inner cavity, the traditional process generally adopts a casting method for processing and manufacturing. The process has the defects of long period, multiple working procedures, high rejection rate, poor labor condition, poor working environment and the like, so that the cost is increased, and the casting defect is particularly obvious for products with requirements on the research and development period.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a large-scale thin-wall casing part with a circular inner cavity and a complex structure.

The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme: a manufacturing method of large-scale thin-wall annular inner cavity complex structure casing parts comprises the following steps:

(1) model processing: performing segmented processing on the models through three-dimensional software, and welding the segmented models into a whole through argon arc welding after the segmented models are manufactured respectively;

(2) selective laser melting and forming: placing each segmented part in selective laser melting forming equipment, firstly carrying out support processing on a model in software, and then slicing the model in layers to obtain printing data; respectively producing and manufacturing each segmented model by using the data;

(3) stress relief annealing: after the selective laser melting and forming is completed, taking down the part and the substrate from the equipment, lifting the substrate, cleaning the substrate and powder on the periphery of the part, and placing the substrate and the powder into a vacuum heat treatment furnace for stress relief heat treatment;

(4) wire cutting: separating the part from the substrate by wire cutting after the heat treatment is finished;

(5) removing the support;

(6) welding parts: after the parts cut from the substrate are processed, respectively machining a welding groove and a butt joint end face, and then completing welding under the clamping of a welding tool;

(7) postweld heat treatment: after the splicing welding of each section of parts is finished, taking out the spliced and welded parts from the tool, placing the spliced and welded parts on a heat treatment tool, and carrying out vacuum heat treatment under the fixation of the heat treatment tool;

(8) surface treatment: after the heat treatment of the part is finished, the part is taken down from the tool and is subjected to sand blasting treatment by using stainless steel shot blasting.

2. The manufacturing method of the large-scale thin-wall annular inner cavity complex structure casing part according to claim 1, characterized in that: the selected material in the model printing in the step (2) is GH4169, the particle size distribution is 15-53um, and the used process data are as follows: the laser power P is 300W, the scanning speed v is 1.5m/s, the scanning pitch d is 0.1mm, and the layer thickness h is 40 um.

Further, the heat treatment method in the step (3) is as follows: keeping the temperature at 650 ℃ for 2h, and quickly cooling to room temperature by argon.

Further, the welding sequence in the step (6) is that the sections are respectively fixed by spot welding under the clamping of the tool and then are sequentially welded inwards along the outer diameter direction.

Further, the heat treatment method in the step (7) is as follows: keeping the temperature at 980 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to room temperature in air; heating to 720 ℃, preserving heat for 8h, cooling to 620 ℃ at the cooling speed of 50 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 8h, and rapidly cooling to room temperature by argon.

Further, the sand blasting process in the step (8) is as follows: the diameter of the steel shot is 0.3mm, and the sand blasting pressure is 0.4 MPa.

Compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method of the large-scale thin-wall annular inner cavity casing part with the complex structure has the beneficial effects that: the integral rear frame part of the casing is manufactured by the selective laser melting forming and welding technology, the strength of the part reaches the standard of a forged piece, and the integral size error of the part is small.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a part.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a part after a part segmentation process.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement position of the segmented parts in the device.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a welding area.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a welding groove.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the heat treatment tool.

Detailed Description

A manufacturing method of large-scale thin-wall annular inner cavity complex structure casing parts comprises the following steps:

(1) model processing: the large thin-wall annular inner cavity complex-structure casing part is shown in fig. 1, and the model is subjected to segmentation processing through three-dimensional software, and is shown as 5 segments in fig. 2. Wherein, the 1 to 5 sections are divided into 5 parts of models which are respectively named as 37.221, 37.222, 37.223, 37.224 and 37.225, and the 5 sections of models are respectively manufactured and then are welded into a whole through argon arc welding;

(2) selective laser melting and forming: during the part manufacturing process, production 37.221, 37.222, 37.223, 37.224, 37.225 was performed using an EOSM400 apparatus. The placement positions of 5-segment parts in the M400 device are shown in FIG. 3, the model is firstly supported in software, and then the printing data is obtained by slicing in layers. The selected material is GH4169 during model printing, the particle size distribution is 15-53um, and the used process data is as follows: the laser power P is 300W, the scanning speed v is 1.5m/s, the scanning pitch d is 0.1mm, and the layer thickness h is 40 um. 37.221, 37.222, 37.223, 37.224 and 37.225 are respectively produced and manufactured by using the data;

(3) stress relief annealing: after the selective laser melting formation is completed, the part is removed from the apparatus together with the substrate. Hoisting the substrate by using an electric forklift, cleaning the substrate and powder around the part by using an explosion-proof dust collector, and putting the substrate and the powder into a vacuum heat treatment furnace for stress relief heat treatment, wherein the heat treatment method comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 650 ℃ for 2h, and quickly cooling to room temperature by argon;

(4) wire cutting: after the heat treatment is completed, the part is separated from the substrate by wire cutting.

(5) Removing the support: carefully and carefully removing the added support by using tools such as offset pliers, chisels, hammers and the like, and taking care to protect the part in the support removing process so as to prevent the surface of the part from being damaged;

(6) welding parts: after the parts cut from the substrate are processed, a welding groove and a butt end face are machined respectively as shown in fig. 4 and 5, and then welding is completed under the clamping of the welding tool. The welding sequence is that under the clamping of the tool, the five sections are respectively fixed by spot welding and then are welded inwards in sequence along the outer diameter direction;

(7) postweld heat treatment: after the five sections of parts are spliced and welded, taking out the spliced and welded parts from the tool and placing the spliced and welded parts on a heat treatment tool, and performing vacuum heat treatment under the fixation of the heat treatment tool as shown in fig. 6, wherein the heat treatment method comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at 980 ℃ for 1h, and cooling to room temperature in air; heating to 720 ℃, preserving heat for 8h, cooling to 620 ℃ at the cooling speed of 50 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 8h, and rapidly cooling to room temperature by argon;

(8) surface treatment: after the heat treatment of the part is finished, the part is taken down from the tool and is subjected to sand blasting treatment by using stainless steel shot blasting. The sand blasting process comprises the following steps: the diameter of the steel shot is 0.3mm, and the sand blasting pressure is 0.4 MPa.

The invention manufactures the complete rear frame part of the casing by the selective laser melting forming and welding technology, the strength of the part reaches the standard of a forged piece, and the integral size error of the part is +/-0.5.

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.