阅读说明：本技术 一种基于生物质和污泥的协同燃烧供热系统 (Biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heat supply system ) 是由 马仑 夏季 朱天宇 陈金楷 吴正瞬 徐超 于 2021-08-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于生物质和污泥的协同燃烧供热系统,属于可再生能源利用技术领域,其通过气化炉、第一供料机构、第二分离器、燃烧炉、第二供料机构和混料破碎机构等部件的对应设置,能通过生物质材料获得富含碳氢燃料的混合气体,并通过干化污泥和生物质材料的对应处理,准确形成用于燃烧炉燃烧的污泥与生物质材料的混合燃料,利用混合燃料与混合气体在燃烧炉的混合燃烧,完成供热过程。本发明的基于生物质和污泥的协同燃烧供热系统,其结构简单,设置简便,可以有效实现生物质材料和污泥的综合应用,实现燃烧炉尾端产生烟气的循环使用,实现燃烧供热系统中热量的内循环,避免或者减少高品位热源的使用,满足节能环保的应用需求。(The invention discloses a biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heat supply system, which belongs to the technical field of renewable energy utilization, and can obtain mixed gas rich in hydrocarbon fuel through biomass materials by correspondingly arranging parts such as a gasification furnace, a first feeding mechanism, a second separator, a combustion furnace, a second feeding mechanism, a mixed material crushing mechanism and the like, accurately form mixed fuel of sludge and the biomass materials for combustion of the combustion furnace through corresponding treatment of dried sludge and the biomass materials, and complete a heat supply process by utilizing mixed combustion of the mixed fuel and the mixed gas in the combustion furnace. The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heat supply system is simple in structure and simple and convenient to set, can effectively realize comprehensive application of biomass materials and sludge, realizes recycling of flue gas generated at the tail end of a combustion furnace, realizes internal circulation of heat in the combustion heat supply system, avoids or reduces use of high-grade heat sources, and meets application requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection.)

1. A collaborative combustion heat supply system based on biomass and sludge is characterized by comprising a gasification furnace, a first feeding mechanism, a second separator, a combustion furnace, a second feeding mechanism and a mixed material crushing mechanism;

the first feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding side of the gasification furnace in a matching way and used for supplying biomass materials to the gasification furnace; high-temperature gas is introduced into the feeding side of the gasification furnace, so that the biomass material can be subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the gasification furnace to generate mixed gas rich in hydrocarbon fuel and biochar particles;

the second separator is communicated with the outlet side of the gasification furnace through a pipeline and is used for realizing gas-solid separation of the mixed gas and the biochar particles; the gas outlet side of the second separator is communicated with the combustion furnace and is used for introducing the mixed gas into the combustion furnace;

one side of the second feeding mechanism is matched with the feeding side of the combustion furnace, and the other side of the second feeding mechanism is matched with the mixed material crushing mechanism and used for feeding mixed fuel to the combustion furnace; the mixed fuel is formed by crushing, mixing and molding the dried sludge and the biomass material in a material mixing and crushing mechanism, and one side of the material mixing and crushing mechanism corresponds to the feeding of the biomass material and is provided with a third feeding mechanism.

2. The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heating system according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature gas introduced into the gasification furnace is a high temperature flue gas from an exhaust side of the combustion furnace, and a first separator for removing ash from the high temperature flue gas is provided between the gasification furnace and the combustion furnace.

3. The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heating system according to claim 1, wherein a wet sludge drying mechanism is further provided corresponding to the material mixing and crushing mechanism, and is configured to dry wet sludge into dried sludge and convey the dried sludge to the material mixing and crushing mechanism.

4. The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heating system according to claim 3, wherein the wet sludge drying mechanism is in pipeline communication with an exhaust side of the combustion furnace such that drying of the wet sludge is achieved by high temperature flue gas at the exhaust side of the combustion furnace.

5. The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a tail gas treatment assembly is arranged corresponding to the tail gas side of the combustion furnace, and is used for treating high-temperature flue gas output from the tail gas side of the combustion furnace.

6. The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heating system according to claim 5, wherein the tail gas treatment component sequentially comprises denitration, heat exchange, dust removal and desulfurization in the treatment process of the high temperature flue gas.

7. The biomass and sludge based co-fired heating system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first separator and/or the second separator is a cyclone separator.

8. The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the biomass material fed by the first feeding mechanism and/or the third feeding mechanism is formed biomass particles.

9. The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a power generation assembly is further provided corresponding to the combustion furnace, and is used for converting heat generated by combustion of mixed gas and mixed fuel in the combustion furnace into electric energy.

10. The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heating system according to claim 9, wherein the power generation assembly includes a steam turbine and a generator.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of renewable energy utilization, and particularly relates to a biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heating system.

Background

With the rapid development of the economic level of China, the dependence on energy sources is increasing day by day, so that the consumption of the traditional fossil energy sources is very huge. Under the guidance of national strategic guidelines of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization, a new energy source is searched to replace fossil fuel, and the reduction of fossil energy consumption is imperative.

Among the renewable energy sources, the carbon neutralization property of biomass materials is particularly obvious, so that the demand for efficiently developing and utilizing the biomass energy is increasing. Biomass energy is an important component of renewable energy, effectively utilizes the biomass energy, and plays an important role in solving energy problems and ecological environment problems. In the process of utilizing biomass energy, the utilization of biomass combustion to generate electricity is one of the main ways of utilizing biomass energy. According to incomplete statistics, the national biomass power generation replaces about 7000 million tons of standard coal in 2020, reduces emission of carbon dioxide about 15000 million tons, sulfur dioxide 570 million tons and nitrogen oxides 300 million tons, greatly reduces the utilization of non-renewable resources and reduces the emission of greenhouse gases.

Meanwhile, with the promotion of the urbanization process and the improvement of the sewage treatment level in China, the sludge generated in the sewage treatment process is increased rapidly, so that the problems of sludge treatment and utilization are increasingly highlighted. Because the sludge not only contains a large amount of organic matters of renewable energy sources, but also contains harmful substances such as heavy metals, toxic organic matters, pathogenic microorganisms and the like, the reduction and harmless treatment of the sludge draw extensive attention, and the search for a high-efficiency and low-cost treatment mode of the sludge for the harmlessness, reduction and recycling is urgent.

At present, the treatment and application of the sludge generally adopt a mode of incineration treatment. However, in practical combustion applications, there are often the following problems: (1) the water content of the sludge is high (the water content is still high after mechanical dehydration), and the heat value is relatively low, so that the combustion efficiency and the combustion stability are influenced; (2) the treatment cost of the sludge is high, and even high-grade energy sources need to be consumed in the treatment process; (3) nitrogen oxides are generated in the combustion process, and the risk of environmental pollution exists. Therefore, how to utilize sludge in a harmless, reducing and recycling manner becomes a problem which needs to be considered urgently in the application process of sludge, and the utilization of sludge is correspondingly restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at one or more of the defects or the improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides the biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heat supply system, which can effectively realize the drying of sludge, realize the collaborative combustion of biomass and sludge, improve the utilization efficiency of biomass and sludge, realize the efficient application of renewable energy sources and have better energy-saving and environment-friendly effects.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heat supply system, which comprises a gasification furnace, a first feeding mechanism, a second separator, a combustion furnace, a second feeding mechanism and a mixed material crushing mechanism;

the first feeding mechanism is connected with the feeding side of the gasification furnace in a matching way and used for supplying biomass materials to the gasification furnace; high-temperature gas is introduced into the feeding side of the gasification furnace, so that the biomass material can be subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the gasification furnace to generate mixed gas rich in hydrocarbon fuel and biochar particles;

the second separator is communicated with the outlet side of the gasification furnace through a pipeline and is used for realizing gas-solid separation of the mixed gas and the biochar particles; the gas outlet side of the second separator is communicated with the combustion furnace and is used for introducing the mixed gas into the combustion furnace;

one side of the second feeding mechanism is matched with the feeding side of the combustion furnace, and the other side of the second feeding mechanism is matched with the mixed material crushing mechanism and used for feeding mixed fuel to the combustion furnace; the mixed fuel is formed by crushing, mixing and molding the dried sludge and the biomass material in a material mixing and crushing mechanism, and one side of the material mixing and crushing mechanism corresponds to the feeding of the biomass material and is provided with a third feeding mechanism.

As a further improvement of the invention, the high-temperature gas introduced into the gasification furnace is high-temperature flue gas from the tail gas side of the combustion furnace, and a first separator for removing ash in the high-temperature flue gas is arranged between the gasification furnace and the combustion furnace.

As a further improvement of the invention, a wet sludge drying mechanism is arranged corresponding to the mixed material crushing mechanism and is used for drying the wet sludge into dried sludge and conveying the dried sludge to the mixed material crushing mechanism.

As a further improvement of the invention, the wet sludge drying mechanism is communicated with the tail gas side of the combustion furnace through a pipeline, so that the wet sludge is dried through high-temperature flue gas on the tail gas side of the combustion furnace.

As a further improvement of the invention, a tail gas treatment assembly is arranged corresponding to the tail gas side of the combustion furnace and is used for treating high-temperature flue gas output by the tail gas side of the combustion furnace.

As a further improvement of the invention, the treatment process of the tail gas treatment component on the high-temperature flue gas sequentially comprises denitration, heat exchange, dust removal and desulfurization; simultaneously, the high-temperature flue gas for letting in the gasifier does not get into and handles in the tail gas treatment subassembly, ensures that the temperature of high-temperature flue gas is in higher numerical value, and let in the high-temperature flue gas that contains among the wet sludge drying mechanism and has passed through denitration treatment, and the temperature of flue gas has the decline of certain degree.

As a further development of the invention, the first separator and/or the second separator is a cyclone separator.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the biomass material fed by the first feeding mechanism and/or the third feeding mechanism is formed biomass particles.

As a further improvement of the invention, a power generation assembly is arranged corresponding to the combustion furnace and used for converting heat generated by combustion of the mixed gas and the mixed fuel by the combustion furnace into electric energy.

As a further improvement of the invention, the power generation assembly includes a steam turbine and a generator.

The above-described improved technical features may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

Generally, compared with the prior art, the technical scheme conceived by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) according to the biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heat supply system, the gasification furnace, the first feeding mechanism, the second separator, the combustion furnace, the second feeding mechanism, the mixed material crushing mechanism and other parts are correspondingly arranged, so that the pyrolysis reaction of biomass fuel can be accurately realized, mixed gas rich in hydrocarbon fuel is generated, then the mixed fuel of sludge and biomass material for combustion of the combustion furnace can be accurately formed through mixing and crushing of dried sludge and biomass material at the mixed material crushing mechanism, the mixed fuel and the mixed gas are mixed and combusted at the mixing material crushing mechanism, the heat supply process is completed, the accurate utilization of renewable energy is realized, the waste resources such as sludge and the like of the combustion furnace are treated, the efficient application of the biomass material is realized, and the energy conservation and environmental protection are realized.

(2) According to the biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heat supply system, the first separator, the wet-containing sludge drying mechanism and other structures are correspondingly arranged, so that the recycling of high-temperature flue gas is effectively realized, the application of high-grade energy is reduced, the application cost of the collaborative combustion heat supply system is saved, the waste of energy is reduced, and the utilization efficiency of resources such as biomass materials and sludge is further improved.

(3) The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heat supply system is simple in structure and simple and convenient to set, comprehensive application of biomass materials and sludge can be effectively realized through corresponding communication and setting of the gasification furnace, the combustion furnace, the wet sludge drying mechanism, the material mixing and crushing mechanism and other equipment, recycling of smoke generated at the tail end of the combustion furnace is realized, internal circulation of heat in the combustion heat supply system is realized, use of high-grade heat sources is avoided or reduced, and application requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection are met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biomass and sludge based co-combustion heating system in an embodiment of the invention;

in all the figures, the same reference numerals denote the same features, in particular:

1. a gasification furnace; 2. a first feeding mechanism; 3. a first separator; 4. a second separator; 5. a combustion furnace; 6. a second feeding mechanism; 7. a wet-containing sludge drying mechanism; 8. a third feeding mechanism; 9. a mixed material crushing mechanism; 10. a power generation assembly; 11. a tail gas treatment component; 12. and (4) a chimney.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Example (b):

referring to fig. 1, a gasification furnace 1, a first feeding mechanism 2, a first separator 3, a second separator 4, a combustion furnace 5, a second feeding mechanism 6, a wet sludge drying mechanism 7, a third feeding mechanism 8 and a mixed material crushing mechanism 9 of a biomass and sludge based co-combustion heating system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The first material supply mechanism 2 is matched with the gasification furnace 1 and used for feeding biomass materials into the gasification furnace 1. Meanwhile, the first separator 3 is communicated with the inlet side of the gasification furnace 1 through a pipeline and is used for introducing high-temperature flue gas into the gasification furnace 1 so as to realize the effect on the formed biomass particles conveyed into the gasification furnace 1. In the preferred embodiment, the first separator 3 is a cyclone separator, which is in communication with the combustion furnace 5 and can extract a portion of the CO-containing gas from the end of the combustion furnace 5₂The high-temperature flue gas (600-700 ℃) is sent into the gasification furnace 1 through a pipeline, and the separation of ash and slag in the high-temperature flue gas is completed in the first separator 3, so that the slag content of the high-temperature flue gas introduced into the gasification furnace 1 can meet the requirement of practical application.

It can be understood that when the high-temperature gas introduced into the gasification furnace 1 is not flue gas, whether the first separator 3 is arranged or not can be specifically selected according to actual conditions, that is, if the slag content of the high-temperature gas is less, the high-temperature gas can be directly introduced into the gasification furnace 1. However, in the preferred embodiment, the arrangement of the first separator 3 can effectively utilize the high-temperature flue gas generated during combustion in the combustion furnace 5, thereby realizing recycling of the heat of the flue gas, avoiding or reducing the use of high-grade heat sources, and saving energy.

Further, the biomass material fed into the gasification furnace 1 through the first feeding mechanism 2 in the preferred embodiment is formed biomass particles, which undergo pyrolysis reaction under the action of high-temperature gas in the gasification furnace 1 to generate a mixed gas rich in hydrocarbon fuel and biochar particles. Correspondingly, a second separator 4 is further provided corresponding to the gasification furnace 1, and is communicated with the outlet side of the gasification furnace 1 through a pipeline, and is used for separating the mixed gas rich in the hydrocarbon fuel from the biochar particles.

In actual arrangement, the second separator 4 is also a cyclone separator, which can realize the separation of the mixed gas and the biochar particles, and the top of the cyclone separator is communicated with the feeding side of the combustion furnace 5 through a pipeline and is used for introducing the mixed gas rich in hydrocarbon fuel into the combustion furnace 5; correspondingly, the bottom of the cyclone separator is communicated with the biochar particle recovery mechanism and used for collecting the biochar particles, and the collected biochar particles can be further used for adsorbing pollutants, repairing soil, manufacturing artware and the like, so that the recycling of materials is fully realized.

Further, in the preferred embodiment, a second feeding mechanism 6 is correspondingly disposed on the feeding side of the combustion furnace 5, and is used for feeding the sludge and biomass mixed fuel to the combustion furnace 5, so that the sludge and biomass mixed fuel and the mixed gas containing the hydrocarbon fuel can be sufficiently combusted in the combustion furnace 5, and further, heat is generated and the corresponding industrial processing process is completed. In the preferred embodiment, the heat generated in the furnace 5 is used to generate electricity. For example, as shown in fig. 1, a power generation assembly 10 is disposed corresponding to the combustion furnace 5, and preferably includes a steam turbine and a power generator, and the corresponding driving of the steam turbine and thus the power generator is achieved through the heat supply of the combustion furnace 5, so as to complete the power generation operation process of the power generation assembly 10.

More specifically, the sludge for the mixed fuel in the preferred embodiment is obtained by drying and crushing the tail gas of the combustion furnace 5. Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the wet sludge drying mechanism 7 is arranged, and is communicated with the tail gas end of the combustion furnace 5 through a pipeline, so that part of the flue gas (usually 100 to 180 ℃) in the combustion furnace 5 can be sent into the wet sludge drying mechanism 7 through the pipeline, and the wet sludge fed into the wet sludge drying mechanism 7 is dried by the wet sludge drying mechanism to obtain the dried sludge, and the moisture content of the dried sludge meets the standard of practical combustion application.

Correspondingly, a material mixing and crushing mechanism 9 is arranged corresponding to the wet sludge drying mechanism 7, dried sludge which is dried can be correspondingly fed to the material mixing and crushing mechanism 9, and crushing and material mixing operations are completed at the material mixing and crushing mechanism 9. During actual setting, the third feeding mechanism 8 is further arranged corresponding to the material mixing and crushing mechanism 9 and used for feeding the biomass material, so that the biomass material and the dried sludge can be mixed and crushed at the material mixing and crushing mechanism 9, and mixed fuel capable of being fed to the combustion furnace 5 for combustion is formed. In a preferred embodiment, the biomass material fed by the third feeding mechanism 8 is formed biomass particles.

Through the pipeline intercommunication between the wet sludge drying mechanism 7 and the combustion furnace 5 and the corresponding matching between the combustion furnace 5 and the mixed material crushing mechanism 9, the drying and processing processes of the wet sludge can be realized, the flue gas generated in the combustion process of the combustion furnace 5 is fully utilized, the heat recycling is realized, the energy is saved, and the resource waste is reduced.

As shown in fig. 1, in the preferred embodiment, an off-gas treatment assembly 11 is provided in correspondence with the combustion furnace 5 for treatment of off-gas in the combustion furnace 5. Specifically, the preferred embodiment provides for essentially three flow-through operating conditions for the off-gas from furnace 5. In the first case, before entering the tail gas treatment assembly 11, the ash is directly conveyed to the first separator 3 through a pipeline, and after the ash separation is completed, the ash enters the gasification furnace 1, so that the pyrolysis process of the biomass is completed; in the second situation, after entering the tail gas treatment component 11 and completing the denitration treatment, the wet sludge is introduced into the wet sludge drying mechanism 7 to dry the wet sludge to obtain dried sludge, and the tail gas after drying the sludge is preferably introduced into the tail gas treatment component 11 again to be treated; in the third situation, after entering the tail gas treatment assembly 11, the tail gas is sequentially subjected to denitration, air preheater heat recovery, dust removal, desulfurization and other treatment processes, and then is discharged through a chimney 12. By utilizing the three processes, the tail gas generated in the combustion furnace 5 can be fully utilized, the waste of energy is reduced, and the cleanness of tail gas emission is ensured.

In a preferred embodiment, high-temperature flue gas and biomass particles are simultaneously introduced into the gasification furnace 1, so that the biomass particles are subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the gasification furnace 1 to generate mixed gas rich in hydrocarbon fuel, the mixed fuel of the sludge and the biomass materials formed by crushing and mixing is matched to complete combustion in the combustion furnace 5 together, heat is generated to supply corresponding industrial processes (such as power generation), and the flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion furnace 5 can be further introduced into the gasification furnace 1 and the wet-containing sludge drying mechanism 7 to be respectively used for pyrolysis of the biomass particles and drying of the wet-containing sludge, so that the heat is fully utilized, heat circulation is realized in a heat supply system, energy is further saved, and the environment is protected.

The biomass and sludge based collaborative combustion heat supply system is simple in structure and simple and convenient to set, comprehensive application of biomass materials and sludge can be effectively achieved through corresponding communication and setting of the gasification furnace, the combustion furnace, the wet sludge drying mechanism, the material mixing and crushing mechanism and other devices, recycling of smoke generated at the tail end of the combustion furnace is achieved, internal circulation of heat in the combustion heat supply system is achieved, use of high-grade heat sources is avoided or reduced, and application requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection are met.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.