阅读说明：本技术 一种烟草育苗基质及其制备方法和应用 (Tobacco seedling culture medium and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 王兴祥 张静 周志高 靳志丽 李孝刚 丁昌峰 于 2019-10-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种烟草育苗基质及其制备方法和应用,属于烟草培育技术领域,所述烟草育苗基质,包括预混基质和假单胞菌WXX-1(Pseudomonas protegens)；所述预混基质和假单胞菌WXX-1的质量体积比为(8～12)kg:1L；所述预混基质包括沼渣、草炭、蛭石和珍珠岩；所述假单胞菌WXX-1的保藏编号为CGMCC No.11539。本发明所述的烟草育苗基质,含有丰富养分,假单胞菌WXX-1能够分泌促生活性物质,在低温条件下能促进烟苗早生快发。根据实施例记载,本发明所述的烟草育苗基质培育的烟草苗与烟草专用商品基质培育的烟苗相比,鲜重增加达155％。(The invention provides a tobacco seedling substrate and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of tobacco cultivation, wherein the tobacco seedling substrate comprises a premixed substrate and Pseudomonas WXX-1(Pseudomonas proteins); the mass-volume ratio of the premixed substrate to the pseudomonas WXX-1 is (8-12) kg: 1L; the premixed substrate comprises biogas residues, grass peat, vermiculite and perlite; the preservation number of the pseudomonas WXX-1 is CGMCC No. 11539. The tobacco seedling culture medium disclosed by the invention contains rich nutrients, and pseudomonas WXX-1 can secrete growth-promoting active substances and can promote the early growth and quick growth of tobacco seedlings under a low-temperature condition. According to the record of the embodiment, the fresh weight of the tobacco seedlings cultured by the tobacco seedling culture substrate disclosed by the invention is increased by 155% compared with the tobacco seedlings cultured by the tobacco special commodity substrate.)

1. A tobacco seedling substrate, which is characterized by comprising a premixed substrate and pseudomonas WXX-1(pseudomonas proteins); the mass-volume ratio of the premixed substrate to the pseudomonas WXX-1 is (8-12) kg: 1L; the premixed substrate comprises biogas residues, grass peat, vermiculite and perlite; the preservation number of the pseudomonas WXX-1 is CGMCCNo.11539; the pseudomonas WXX-1 is a bacterial suspension in a logarithmic phase.

2. The tobacco seedling raising substrate according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the biogas residue to the turf to the perlite is (33-37): (18-22): (8-12).

3. The tobacco seedling raising substrate according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the biogas residue to the turf to the perlite is (34-36): (19-21): (9-11).

4. A tobacco growth substrate according to claim 1, wherein the OD of the Pseudomonas WXX-1 is₆₀₀Greater than 1.0.

5. A tobacco seedling raising substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the biogas residue is pig manure-derived biogas residue.

6. Tobacco seedling raising substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that N, P is contained in the swine manure-derived biogas residue₂O₅And K₂The content of O is 0.8-1.5%, 1.8-2.7% and 2.5-4.0% respectively based on the drying base.

7. The tobacco seedling raising substrate according to claim 5, wherein the pH value of the pig manure-derived biogas residue is 6.5-7.5.

8. A method for preparing a tobacco seedling raising substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

1) mixing biogas residues, turf, vermiculite and perlite to obtain a premixed matrix;

2) and inoculating pseudomonas WXX-1 into the premixed matrix, uniformly mixing and composting to obtain the tobacco seedling culture matrix.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein the stacking time in the step 2) is 4-6 d.

10. Use of a tobacco seedling substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for promoting the growth of tobacco seedlings.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco cultivation, and particularly relates to a tobacco seedling culture medium and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

In the tobacco seedling raising matrix, the turf is the main raw material, and the proportion of the turf in the matrix formula is preferably 50-70%. As the turf belongs to non-renewable resources and has limited reserves, in order to reduce the pressure of turf resources, other materials are selected to partially replace the turf in the current seedling substrate research so as to reduce the addition amount of the turf, the replacing materials comprise crop straws, bran, coal ash, wormcast and the like, and the turf proportion can be properly reduced. However, the straw and the like can be safely utilized only by carbonization or processing with excrement, peat and the like, and the processing process is not only complicated, but also increases the labor cost, so that alternative materials with good performance and low cost need to be selected.

The biogas residues are residues after anaerobic fermentation, have the advantages of high organic matter content, less pathogenic bacteria residue, rich nutrient contents such as NP and the like, have the potential of serving as a good seedling culture medium, and increase the environmental pressure if the biogas residues cannot be reasonably recycled. However, the biogas residues have high salt content and fine particle size, and excessive use of the biogas residues easily causes the porosity of the substrate to be reduced, thereby affecting the growth of tobacco seedlings and even burning the tobacco seedlings.

In addition, the tobacco seedling cultivation period is long, generally about 80 days, is 12-3 months, and is low in temperature, so that the tobacco seedling growth promotion and early-growth measures under the low-temperature condition become the key for improving the seedling rate and quality of the tobacco seedlings.

In conclusion, in order to reduce the pressure of turf resources, enrich the selection of materials for replacing tobacco seedling substrate, and expand the resource utilization way of a large amount of biogas residue waste generated in the livestock and poultry manure treatment process, a scheme for replacing turf with biogas residue in the tobacco seedling substrate is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a tobacco seedling substrate and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein biogas residues and pseudomonas in the tobacco seedling substrate can remarkably improve the fresh weight of tobacco seedlings while reducing the pressure of grass carbon resources, expanding the selection of alternative materials of the tobacco seedling substrate and fully utilizing biogas residue waste.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a tobacco seedling raising matrix, which comprises a premixed matrix and pseudomonas WXX-1; the mass-volume ratio of the premixed substrate to the pseudomonas WXX-1 is (8-12) kg: 1L; the premixed substrate comprises biogas residues, grass peat, vermiculite and perlite; the preservation number of the pseudomonas WXX-1 is CGMCC No. 11539; the pseudomonas WXX-1 is a bacterial suspension in a logarithmic phase.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the biogas residues, the grass carbon, the vermiculite and the perlite is (33-37): 18-22): 8-12.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the biogas residues, the grass carbon, the vermiculite and the perlite is (34-36): 19-21): 9-11.

Preferably, the OD of said Pseudomonas WXX-1₆₀₀Greater than 1.0.

Preferably, the biogas residues are pig manure source biogas residues.

Preferably, N, P in the pig manure source biogas residue₂O₅And K₂The content of O is 0.8-1.5%, 1.8-2.7% and 2.5-4.0% respectively based on the drying base.

Preferably, the pH value of the pig manure source biogas residue is 6.5-7.5.

The invention provides a preparation method of a tobacco seedling raising substrate, which comprises the following steps:

1) mixing biogas residues, turf, vermiculite and perlite to obtain a premixed matrix;

2) and inoculating pseudomonas WXX-1 into the premixed matrix, uniformly mixing and composting to obtain the tobacco seedling culture matrix.

Preferably, the composting time in the step 2) is 4-6 d.

The invention provides application of the tobacco seedling culture substrate in promoting growth of tobacco seedlings.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tobacco seedling substrate provided by the invention comprises a premixed substrate and pseudomonas, wherein biogas residues in the premixed substrate can replace part of non-renewable turf resources, so that the turf resource pressure is reduced, and meanwhile, the resource utilization approach of livestock and poultry manure source biogas residues is expanded; the tobacco seedling culture medium disclosed by the invention contains rich nutrients, and pseudomonas WXX-1 can secrete growth-promoting active substances and can promote the early growth and quick growth of tobacco seedlings under a low-temperature condition. According to the record of the embodiment, the fresh weight of the tobacco seedlings cultured by the tobacco seedling culture substrate disclosed by the invention is increased by 155% compared with the tobacco seedlings cultured by the tobacco special commodity substrate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a comparative graph of tobacco seedlings grown by different tobacco seedling growing mediums in the examples.

Biological preservation Instructions

Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas proteins) WXX-1 is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center with the preservation number of CGMCC No.11539, the preservation date of 2015, 10 months and 26 days, the preservation address of Beijing university Hokko No. 3, national institute of sciences, North Cheng Xilu No.1, of the rising area.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a tobacco seedling raising matrix, which comprises a premixed matrix and pseudomonas WXX-1; the mass-volume ratio of the premixed substrate to the pseudomonas WXX-1 is (8-12) kg: 1L; the premixed substrate comprises biogas residues, grass peat, vermiculite and perlite; the preservation number of the pseudomonas WXX-1 is CGMCC No. 11539; the pseudomonas WXX-1 is a bacterial suspension in a logarithmic phase.

In the invention, the mass ratio of the biogas residues, the grass carbon, the vermiculite and the perlite is preferably (33-37): 18-22): 8-12, more preferably (34-36): 19-21): 9-11, and most preferably 35:35:20: 10. In the invention, the biogas residue is preferably pig manure source biogas residueMiddle N, P₂O₅And K₂The content of O is preferably 0.8% to 1.5%, 1.8% to 2.7%, and 2.5% to 4.0%, more preferably 1.2%, 2.0%, and 3.0%, respectively; the pH value of the pig manure source biogas residue is preferably 6.5-7.5, and more preferably 7.0. The source of the biogas residues is not particularly limited, and the conventional pig manure biogas residues in the field are adopted. The invention has no special requirements on the sources and specifications of the grass carbon, the vermiculite and the perlite, and the common commercial grass carbon, the vermiculite and the perlite in the field can be adopted.

In the present invention, the OD of said Pseudomonas WXX-1₆₀₀Preferably greater than 1.0; the pseudomonas WXX-1 is obtained by liquid culture after being preferably activated. In the present invention, the activation preferably comprises NB solid plate activation, NB liquid activation in this order; the activation temperature of the NB solid flat plate is preferably 28-32 ℃, and more preferably 30 ℃; the activation time of the NB solid plate is preferably 20-28 h, and more preferably 24 h. In the invention, the temperature for activating the NB liquid is preferably 28-32 ℃, and more preferably 30 ℃; the NB liquid activation time is preferably 20-28 h, and more preferably 24 h; the NB liquid activation rotation speed is preferably 150-200 rpm, and more preferably 170 rpm. In the invention, the temperature of the liquid culture is preferably 28-32 ℃, and more preferably 30 ℃; the liquid culture time is preferably 20-28 h, and more preferably 24 h; the rotation speed of the liquid culture is preferably 170-190 rpm, and more preferably 180 rpm.

The invention provides a preparation method of a tobacco seedling raising matrix, which comprises the following steps: 1) mixing biogas residues, turf, vermiculite and perlite to obtain a premixed matrix; 2) and inoculating pseudomonas WXX-1 into the premixed matrix, uniformly mixing and composting to obtain the tobacco seedling culture matrix. The method for mixing the premix matrix is not particularly limited, and the premix matrix can be uniformly mixed by adopting a conventional mixing method in the field. In the invention, the composting time is preferably 4-6 d, and more preferably 5 d; the temperature of the composting is preferably 28-30 ℃. .

The invention also provides application of the tobacco seedling culture substrate in promoting growth of tobacco seedlings. In the invention, the tobacco seedling raising substrate can obviously increase the root length, stem length, maximum leaf width, fresh weight and dry weight of tobacco seedlings, and has obvious growth promoting effect.

The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.