Control system and method for receiving and processing brain wave signals
阅读说明：本技术 一种集脑波信号接收和处理的控制系统及方法 (Control system and method for receiving and processing brain wave signals ) 是由 赖思渝 王娟 陈卫 于 2019-09-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于脑波信号技术领域,公开了一种集脑波信号接收和处理的控制系统及方法。采传感器采集脑波信号,利用蓝牙传输到处理器中；当处理器接收到脑电波,进行分析,解析出睡眠脑电波,根据这个睡眠脑电波数据,对数据进行滤波等处理,蓝牙传输至客户端,客户端送到服务器,服务器对数据处理再经由客户端到处理器；处理器接收到蓝牙传输的数据,同时将数据转换为处理器的控制信号,控制IO端口输出脉冲宽度调制波控制电极贴片的微小驱动电流,对穴位形成一定的刺激,起到安神助眠之功效。本发明实现了脑波数据的自主采集、分析及控制反馈功能,便携、小型的结构设计免除了患者反复前往医疗机构的麻烦,有利于科研数据的自主收集。(The invention belongs to the technical field of brain wave signals, and discloses a control system and a control method for receiving and processing brain wave signals. Collecting brain wave signals by a sensor, and transmitting the brain wave signals to a processor by using Bluetooth; when the processor receives the brain waves, analyzing the brain waves to analyze sleep brain waves, filtering and the like the data according to the sleep brain wave data, transmitting the data to the client through Bluetooth, transmitting the data to the server through the client, and processing the data by the server through the client to the processor; the processor receives the data transmitted by the Bluetooth, converts the data into a control signal of the processor, controls the IO port to output a pulse width modulation wave to control the micro driving current of the electrode patch, and forms certain stimulation to acupuncture points, thereby playing the effects of calming the nerves and helping sleep. The invention realizes the functions of autonomous acquisition, analysis and control feedback of brain wave data, avoids the trouble that a patient repeatedly goes to a medical institution due to the portable and small structural design, and is beneficial to the autonomous collection of scientific research data.)
1. A control system for receiving and processing brain wave signals, comprising:
a forehead ear electrode;
the forehead ear electrode is connected with the processor through a Neurosky TGAM module and Bluetooth transmission data;
the Neurosky TGAM module is used for collecting brain wave signals;
the Bluetooth wireless sensor is connected with the brain through a transmitting circuit and connected with a client and a server through Bluetooth data transmission; the processor processes the data transmitted by the Bluetooth and controls the operation of the transmitting circuit;
the transmitting circuit controls the IO port to output the micro driving current of the PWM wave control electrode patch through the processor to stimulate the acupuncture points of the brain;
the client is used for transmitting signals between the processor and the server;
and the server is used for processing the data and generating a control signal to operate the transmitting circuit through the client to the processor.
2. The electroencephalogram signal receiving and processing control system according to claim 1, wherein the TGAM semiconductor chip performs analog-to-digital conversion to detect abnormal states of contact failure, and integrates functions of acquisition, filtering, amplification, a/D conversion, data processing and analysis of electroencephalogram signals; under the processing of a TGAM module, complicated brain waves are converted into relaxation, concentration, blink and brain wave data signals;
the Neurosky TGAM chip attaches the collecting electrode to the left forehead of the brain, two reference electrodes are placed on the left ear breast protrusion and the right ear breast protrusion, and the interference is eliminated by calculating the reference potential.
3. The control system for receiving and processing brain wave signals according to claim 1, wherein the bluetooth module is an HC-06 serial module.
4. The control system for receiving and processing the brain wave signals according to claim 1, wherein the processor is used as a data processing controller, receives the original data packet of the signal filtering and amplifying processing module transmitted from the bluetooth module through a serial port, writes a program to extract valid data by using a software method, and transmits the analyzed valid data to the main control system through the serial port.
5. The control system for receiving and processing brain wave signals according to claim 1, wherein the single acupoint electrode is composed of a circular skin patch and 2 circular electrodes; the skin patch is made of non-woven fabric or polyvinyl chloride material, the diameter is 12-15 mm, the thickness is 0.5-2 mm, and the skin surface is coated with medical non-setting adhesive; the positive electrode is annular, is made of conductive silicon rubber, has a diameter 5mm smaller than that of the skin patch, a width 3mm and a thickness 1mm, is concentrically combined with the skin patch, clings to the skin surface of the skin patch, and is connected with the positive electrode of the electrical stimulation generator through a positive electrode lead; the negative electrode is in a shape of a circular sheet with the diameter of 3mm, is similar to the positive electrode in material and thickness, and is connected with the negative electrode of the electrical stimulation generator through a negative electrode lead;
the patch electrode receives 32 PWM pulses sent by the IO port of the processor to stimulate the skin surface.
6. A method for controlling the reception and processing of an electroencephalogram signal, which executes a system for controlling the reception and processing of an electroencephalogram signal according to claim 1, wherein the method for controlling the reception and processing of an electroencephalogram signal is: collecting brain wave signals by a sensor, and transmitting the brain wave signals to a processor by using Bluetooth; when the processor receives the brain waves, analyzing the brain waves to analyze sleep brain waves, filtering and the like the data according to the sleep brain wave data, transmitting the data to the client through Bluetooth, transmitting the data to the server through the client, and processing the data by the server through the client to the processor; the processor receives the data transmitted by the Bluetooth, converts the data into a control signal of the processor, and controls the IO port to output the PWM wave to control the micro driving current of the electrode patch, so that certain stimulation is formed on acupuncture points, and the effects of calming nerves and helping sleep are achieved.
7. An electroencephalograph using the control system of any one of claims 1 to 5 for collecting brain wave signal reception and processing.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of brain wave signals, and particularly relates to a control system and a control method for receiving and processing brain wave signals.
Background
Currently, the closest prior art:
the traditional electroencephalogram acquisition and processing system comprises input, amplification, filtering, analysis and other components, and up to now, the following types of electroencephalogram signal acquisition and processing are mainly adopted.
Clinically, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and clinical electroencephalography (EEG) are considered as stable and reliable techniques for examining brain wave signals of the human body. The principle of the MRI technology is that hydrogen nuclei in cells of human tissues and organs resonate under the action of a magnetic field, and a resonance track is recorded and data is reconstructed. When the brain nerve cells are stimulated, the blood supply condition of the corresponding brain area is changed, and the magnetic susceptibility of the area is changed, so that the activity condition of regional cerebral neurons is obtained. The principle of the PET technology is to obtain the distribution concentration of nuclides on the cross section of human tissues by detecting high-energy photons generated by the collision of positive and negative electrons of the nuclides, but the PET technology is essentially used for detecting the metabolic process of the tissues. EEG technology obtains EEG image based on electromagnetism principle, and changes of magnetic field and electric field generated by head neuron activity to judge whether neuron is normally active, and can obtain activity position and activity intensity of neuron.
In the commercial field, manufacturers of electroencephalogram signal acquisition and processing equipment mainly include Neuro scan, Emotive, Brain Products, DWL, and the like in the united states. The product usually has a high-grade channel, a multi-channel electrode interface signal amplification system and a high-quality A/D conversion chip, and can also inhibit the interference of noise on an electroencephalogram signal by utilizing an active noise reduction technology. In addition, portable products are also emerging, such as eegoTMmylab full-mobile electroencephalographic recording and analysis system, ZeusTMHigh throughput recording system, ApolloTMPortable recording systems, and the like. The products are provided with a high sampling rate amplifier, adopt an active shielding technology, are light and flexible, and have the application fields of brain science, sports science, neurorehabilitation, linguistics, TMS/EEG and FMRI-EEG, brain-computer interface, and the like.
Electroencephalograms are modern auxiliary examination methods which help diagnose diseases by recording weak bioelectricity of the brain itself in an electroencephalograph in an amplifying manner to form a curve. In clinical application, the ear lobe, the nose tip or the mastoid part is generally used as a zero potential point on the body, and the potential difference between the electrode placed at the point and the electrodes at other parts on the scalp is the recorded electroencephalogram signal.
Electroencephalographic waveforms can vary greatly when the brain is exposed to different conditions (e.g., activation, drowsiness, sleep, etc.). Electroencephalographic waveforms can be classified into four basic types, mainly according to their frequencies.
Delta wave: the frequency is 0.5 to 3.5 times per second, and the amplitude is 20 to 200 μ v. Normal adults have little delta wave while awake, but delta waves can occur during sleep. Generally considered, a slow wave of high amplitude.
(delta or theta waves) may be the primary manifestation of electrical activity when the cerebral cortex is in a state of inhibition.
θ wave: the frequency is 4-7 times per second, and the amplitude is 20-150 μ v. Theta waves may appear when an adult is drowsy. In the infancy stage, theta waves are commonly seen, and definite alpha waves do not appear until the age of ten.
Alpha wave: the frequency is 8-13 times per second, and the amplitude is 20-100 μ v. When normal people are awake, quiet and eye-closed, the alpha wave can appear, the amplitude of the alpha wave is changed from small to large and then from large to small, and the alpha wave is periodically changed repeatedly in such a way to form a fusiform shape of the alpha wave. Each alpha wave is in the form of a shuttle lasting about 1-2 seconds. When the subject opens his eyes or receives other excitatory stimuli (e.g., performing a mental calculation), the alpha wave disappears immediately and turns into a fast wave, called "alpha wave block". Thus, alpha waves are considered to be the primary manifestation of electrical activity when the cerebral cortex is in a conscious and quiescent state. The factors such as frequency, amplitude and spatial distribution of alpha wave are important indexes for reflecting the brain function state.
Beta wave: the frequency is 14 to 30 times per second, and the amplitude is 5 to 20 μ v. When the subject opens his eyes to see objects and performs a thinking activity, a beta wave appears. It is generally accepted that the beta wave causes the primary manifestation of electrical activity when the cerebral cortex is in a state of tension.
During sleep, the electroencephalogram undergoes a variety of different changes, which vary with the depth of sleep. Sleep can be divided into two states according to different characteristics of electroencephalogram: non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM sleep) and rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep).
The rapid movement sleep stage of the non-eyeball, the muscle of the whole body is relaxed, the eyeball does not move, and the visceral parasympathetic nerve activity is dominant. Heart rate and respiration are slowed, blood pressure is reduced, gastrointestinal motility is increased, basal metabolic rate is low, brain temperature is slightly reduced when the brain is more awake, and total cerebral blood flow is reduced when the brain is more awake. The rapid non-eyeball movement sleep is divided into four stages by electroencephalogram characteristics, namely a sleep onset stage, a light sleep stage, a moderate sleep stage and a deep sleep stage. In the first stage of electroencephalogram, the wave is mainly theta wave, spindle wave or K comprehensive wave does not appear, actually, the reaction to external stimulation is weakened in the transition stage from complete waking to sleeping, mental activities enter a floating boundary, and thinking and reality are disconnected; in the second stage, the brain waves are spindle waves and K combined waves, the delta waves are less than 20%, and actually, a person enters real sleep; in the third stage, the delta wave in the brain wave occupies 20 to 50 percent, and the sleep is in medium-depth sleep; in the fourth stage, delta waves in brain waves account for more than 50%, and people are in a deep sleep state and are not easy to wake up in the fourth stage. The 3-4 stage sleep is deep sleep in the general sense, and the arousal threshold value is the highest at the moment.
In the rapid eye movement sleep stage, desynchronized low-amplitude brain waves with mixed frequencies appear. The rapid movement of eyeballs, a lot of paroxysmal small twitching of facial and limb muscles, sometimes or when the sucking action of lips occurs, the throat makes a short sound, hands and feet shake, the activity of internal organs is highly unstable, breathing is irregular, heart rate often changes, gastric acid secretion is increased, cerebral blood flow and metabolism are increased, the discharge activity of cerebral neurons in most areas is increased, the temperature of brain tissues is increased, and the oxygen consumption of brain is obviously increased compared with that of waking. The waking threshold value of the rapid movement sleep of the eyeball is higher than that of NREM1 sleep and is between NREM 2-3 sleep.
In the whole night sleep, REM sleep and NREM sleep alternate in intervals of about 90-100 minutes, and the change period is called a sleep period. Normal persons sleep first in NREM sleep stage, and rapidly in phase 2, 3, 4 and continuing from phase 1. The REM sleep occurs after the NREM sleep period lasts for 80-120 minutes, the next REM sleep is started after the NREM sleep period lasts for several minutes, a circulation period of the NREM sleep and the REM sleep is formed, the REM sleep occurs every 90 minutes on average, and the REM sleep duration is gradually prolonged as the time is closer to the later period of sleep. Each time lasts for 10-30 minutes. The NREM-REM sleep cycle is repeatedly circulated for 3-5 times in the whole sleep period, the periods of each period are not necessarily complete, but all start from the period 1, the sleep depth in each period becomes shallow in the morning and does not reach the period 4 any more, and as can be seen from the cycle transition of NREM sleep and REM sleep, the sleep process does not continue from shallow to deep to bright as soon as the sleep is started, but a deep burst, a shallow burst and deep and shallow sleep are continuously alternated.
In addition to studies on sleep regularity, studies on some neurotransmitters and chemicals inside the brain have found that: neurotransmitters inside the brain, such as: endogenous morphin (or endorphin), 5-HT (5 hydroxytryptamine), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the like have the effects of calming and relaxing, and can restore the comfortable and healthy environment in the brain; neuronal released stimulants such as: dopamine, acetylcholine, serotonin and the like in the brain can improve the symptoms of listlessness, attention loss, thought loss and the like in the daytime caused by insomnia; stress hormones in the brain, including Adrenaline (ADR), Norepinephrine (NE), glucocorticoids (cortisol, corticosterone), angiotensin I (Aug positive), etc., can promote the brain to be in a state of tension and excitement, and the phenomena of accelerated heartbeat, vasoconstriction, etc.
According to the above rule, we can find that the duration of NREM3 phase and 4 phase is longer, and the duration of REM phase is shorter when a person is in deep sleep. In addition, when the components promoting the sedation and pleasure of people in the brain are increased, and the components making people feel nervous and excited are inhibited, the brain can have a good rest and is more helpful for deep sleep. The treatment of insomnia is basically based on this sleep principle.
Normal people experience several relatively stable states throughout their night's sleep, and in order to better describe sleep, Rechtschaffen and Kales classify sleep as stage 6 (i.e. R & K criteria) based on the appearance of Electroencephalogram (EEG), Electrooculogram (EOG), Electromyogram (EMG) during sleep: wake period (W), rapid eye movement sleep period (REM), and 4 non-rapid eye movement sleep periods (NREM). NREM is divided into sleep 1 (S1), sleep 2 (S2), sleep 3 (S3) and sleep 4 (S4), where sleep 1 and 2 are Light Sleep (LS) and sleep 3 and 4 are deep sleep (also called Slow Wave Sleep (SWS)). Currently, the standard for R & K sleep staging modified by American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) of 2007 is internationally commonly used, which merges stages S3 and S4 in the R & K criteria into one stage and indicates the awake stage, rapid eye movement sleep stage, light sleep stage one, light sleep stage two, and deep sleep stage by W, R, N1, N2, and N3, respectively.
During the sleep process, NREM and REM are alternately carried out, so that 4-6 NREM-REM sleep cycles are formed, and each sleep cycle lasts for 90-120 minutes. During normal adult sleep, stages of sleep regularly occur in sequence from W-N1-N2-N3-N2-REM, followed by repeating N2-N3-N2-REM, and so on, connected to each other, and so on. Wherein the REM period is about 100 minutes and accounts for 20% -25% of the total sleep time. The sleep-assisting instrument stimulates acupuncture points of the head, such as the Baihui, the peaceful sleep, the Shenmen and the like by detecting the change curve of brain waves of a human and adjusting the parameter intensity and the duration time of electronic pulses by using a chip.
Standard of brain waves during sleep:
the four basic brain waves are: DELTA waves (DELTA/DELTA wave), THETA waves (THETA/THETA wave), ALPHA waves (ALPHA/ALPHA wave), and BETA waves (BETA/BETA wave). These four brain waves constitute an electroencephalogram (EEG). Electroencephalograms are the display of waves in the brain, but the voltages of waves in the brain are small, being only a few millionths of a volt.
(1) Waking eyes open, and beta wave when brain activity is stressed.
(2) Clear head, quiet, alpha wave when closing eyes; .
(3) Absentmindedness theta waves.
(4) Delta wave after falling asleep.
(5) The sleep includes slow wave sleep and fast wave sleep.
(6) The slow wave I period is the sleep period, alpha wave is gradually reduced, low-amplitude theta wave and beta wave G are irregularly mixed together, and brain wave is in a flat trend.
(7) Phase II is a light sleep phase with sigma waves and a small number of delta waves.
(8) Stage iii is a moderate sleep stage, with high amplitude delta waves, or kappa waves (a complex of delta and sigma waves).
(9) The IV phase is a deep sleep phase, and delta waves appear.
(10) Fast wave sleep is manifested as an irregular beta wave.
Sleep staging table
According to the standard of the american society for sleep medicine 2007, the electroencephalogram standard for sleep staging is as follows:
according to electroencephalographic studies, sleep can be divided into four stages. In 2007, the american society for sleep medicine incorporated the third and fourth stages into one stage, the third stage. Thus, it can also be said that the sleep stage includes three stages.
First stage
First stage (about 10 minutes): a mild sleep stage. This is a transition sleep where the alpha wave seen in the relaxed, awake state begins to become irregular and gradually disappear, while the eye rotates slowly. At this time, the theta wave gradually appears, and the frequency is lower by 4-7 cps. The sleeper's body is slowly relaxed and breathes slowly, but is easily awakened by an external stimulus.
Second stage
Second stage (about 20 minutes): sleep becomes deeper and its EEG shows occasional 8-14Hz concussions, called "sleep spindles" (sleep spindles), which are short bursts of high frequency, large amplitude brain waves. At this stage, the sleeper is difficult to wake up.
The third stage
Third stage (about 40 minutes): at this time, a high amplitude and slow delta wave appears, and the eye and body movements disappear, sometimes also referred to as "sleep spindles".
Fourth stage
Fourth stage (about 20 minutes): in the deep sleep stage, a broad EEG rhythm of 2Hz or less occurs, and phenomena such as sleeptalking, somntalking, bed wetting, and the like may occur.
Rapid eye movement sleep stage
The first four stages of sleep, after approximately 60-90 minutes, appear to go to the first stage of sleep, but rather than repeating the above process, it goes to a completely new stage, the rapid eye movement sleep (REM) stage.
In the REM sleep stage, the electrophysiological activity of the brain changes rapidly, the delta wave disappears, and high-frequency, low-amplitude brain waves appear. The eyeball of the sleeper starts to move left, right, up and down rapidly, and dreams are accompanied. The heart rhythm and blood pressure become irregular and breathing becomes rapid, but the muscles remain relaxed.
The 1 st REM sleep generally lasts for 5-10 minutes, and after 4 stages of sleep, the 2 nd REM sleep will last for a longer time. The last REM sleep was for up to 1 hour.
Features of periodic circulation
Each cycle typically lasts 90 minutes and is repeated 4-6 times per night. Deep sleep occurs in far more time in the first half of the night than in the latter half of the night. When dawn is approaching, the third and fourth stages of sleep gradually disappear.
Sound: double sound racket (BB)
The simplest way to stimulate the brain is by sound, however, the frequency of sound sufficient to effectively stimulate the brain is too low for a person to hear. This requires the use of a special technique, known as the Binaural Beat Technology (BBT).
At the same time as a steady sound stimulation of 500Hz for the left ear and 510Hz for the right ear, 2 similar but different tones will be integrated in the brain, and a frequency difference of 10Hz (the so-called third sound) will be sensed by the brain, while the brain waves are very effectively loaded, thus shifting the EEG to the 10Hz alpha mode as well. When stereo headphones are used, the sound of the left and right channels is integrated only to the brain. This frequency difference, when perceived by the brain, is called a Binaural Beat (BB).
Acupoint selection: baihui point
Baihui acupoint is located at the highest point of human body, and is the meeting acupoint of governor vessel, bladder meridian of foot taiyang, gallbladder meridian of foot shaoyang, triple energizer meridian of hand shaoyang and liver meridian of foot jueyin, and yang qi passed through all meridians meet this point, so it is also called "Sanyang Wuhui". Therefore, Baihui points can reach yin and yang meridians and link up the channels and collaterals of the whole body; when applied to Baihui, it acts on one acupoint to regulate the balance between yin and yang.
Research shows that acupuncture on Baihui acupoint has therapeutic effect on insomnia from the perspective of neurophysiology. Modern researches also show that acupuncture on Baihui acupoint has the effects of increasing brain blood supply, repairing neurons, enhancing activity of intracerebral acetylcholinesterase, regulating content of 5-hydroxyindaceneacetic acid (5-HIAA), and the like, and can regulate the body state of insomnia patients from multiple angles.
The brain-computer interface bci (brain computer interface) is a novel human-computer interaction mode, and realizes the interaction between the human brain and a computer or other electronic equipment based on electroencephalogram (eeg), which is independent of peripheral nerves and muscle tissues outside the human body. Therefore, the technology shows good development in the fields of medical treatment, games, industrial control and the like. In the field of computers, brain-computer interface technology is widely applied to communication and control technology and the like. Brain wave therapy techniques are also increasingly being advanced.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows:
(1) although PET, MRI, clinical EEG, and other devices can stably and reliably detect brain wave signals of a human body, the devices are usually large in scale, complex in structure, and high in power consumption, and an operator needs to have a certain professional skill, so that a common user cannot operate the devices autonomously, and further popularization of the devices is limited. In addition, the nuclide can generate radiation damage to the human body when the PET scans the human body, and the strong magnetic field generated during the MRI works belongs to a detection method for certain damage to the human body.
(2) With the rapid development of China in the scientific research field, the electroencephalogram acquisition and processing technology also makes great progress, but is limited by a plurality of patents from the international world. Foreign enterprises have started earlier in the field of electroencephalogram acquisition and processing, more commercial products are already put forward, the technical system is mastered first, and the technologies are monopolized by large companies, so that the equipment is expensive. The collection system of the high price enterprise is naturally not beneficial to the development of the electroencephalogram technology, and the monopoly of the technology makes the secondary development and the technical change of a third party very difficult.
(3) Whether the complete equipment with high price or the portable acquisition instrument is used, the basic functions are mainly focused on the links of original signal acquisition, signal processing, result analysis and the like, the real-time response can not be made to a patient with abnormal electroencephalogram signals, the adjustment and intervention can not be made in time when the abnormal signals are acquired, and the optimal time period for treating and conditioning the patient is missed.
The difficulty of solving the technical problems is as follows:
clinical equipment such as PET, MRI and EEG has passed a large amount of clinical experiments and verifications, ensures that it has stable performance, stronger data processing ability, although there are application place restrictions, need to be equipped with professional technical personnel, the expense is higher and radiation injury risk, but after all as the typical acquisition means of medical data, these equipment and corresponding brain electricity information acquisition methods still are the typical standards that industry followed. Compared with tomography (CT) and general X-ray imaging, the radiation dose is relatively small, and there is no irreversible damage to the human body, so it is not practical to completely replace these methods in the medical field.
The portable commercial electroencephalogram acquisition and processing product is flexible and easy to use, can ensure basic precision on the premise of meeting the functions of large equipment, and is more and more popular with people. However, strict technical limitations and monopoly make it difficult to digest and improve products on the products, so that it is necessary to design an independent portable, low-power, and expandable electroencephalogram information acquisition and processing control system.
The significance of solving the technical problems is as follows:
the 21 st century is known as the brain research century, the global system of America Oubama gives priority to the development of the human brain, all the major countries in the world pay high attention to the development plan, and a great deal of manpower, financial resources and material resources are invested in each other. China formally starts a major scientific and technological project 'Chinese brain plan' in 2013, and calls for continuous innovation following the trend in the aspect of brain scientific research. As described above, the independent portable, low-power consumption and extensible electroencephalogram information acquisition processing control system is designed, so that the problem that professional medical equipment is affected by fields, prices and time can be solved, the architecture of the whole system can be mastered independently, and the system can be improved according to specific requirements in a specific use environment. The system can automatically judge the sleep stage condition of the user according to the analyzed sleep electroencephalogram data, and further control the IO port to output a small driving current through the PWM control patch electrode, so that acupuncture points are stimulated to achieve the effects of calming nerves and helping sleep. Therefore, the trouble that the patient frequently goes back and forth to the diagnosis and treatment mechanism for knowing the sleep condition of the patient is avoided, and the patient can actively intervene when the sleep quality is found to be in a problem, intervene in real time, timely make feedback and provide auxiliary treatment for the patient.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a control system and a control method for receiving and processing brain wave signals.
The present invention is achieved in this way, and a control system for receiving and processing an electroencephalogram signal, the control system for receiving and processing an electroencephalogram signal includes:
a forehead ear electrode;
the forehead ear electrode is connected with the processor through a Neurosky TGAM module and Bluetooth transmission data;
the Neurosky TGAM module is used for collecting brain wave signals;
the Bluetooth wireless sensor is connected with the brain through a transmitting circuit and connected with a client and a server through Bluetooth data transmission; the processor processes the data transmitted by the Bluetooth and controls the operation of the transmitting circuit;
the transmitting circuit controls the IO port to output the micro driving current of the PWM wave control electrode patch through the processor to stimulate the acupuncture points of the brain;
the client is used for transmitting signals between the processor and the server;
and the server is used for processing the data and generating a control signal to operate the transmitting circuit through the client to the processor.
Furthermore, the TGAM semiconductor chip performs analog-to-digital conversion, detects abnormal states of poor contact and integrates the functions of acquisition, filtering, amplification, A/D conversion, data processing and analysis of electroencephalogram signals; under the processing of a TGAM module, complicated brain waves are converted into relaxation, concentration, blink and brain wave data signals;
the Neurosky TGAM chip attaches the collecting electrode to the left forehead of the brain, two reference electrodes are placed on the left ear breast protrusion and the right ear breast protrusion, and the interference is eliminated by calculating the reference potential.
Further, the Bluetooth module is an HC-06 serial port module.
Further, the processor is used as a data processing controller, receives the original number packet of the signal filtering amplification processing module transmitted from the Bluetooth module through a serial port, compiles a program, extracts effective data by using a software method, and transmits the analyzed effective data to the master control system through the serial port.
Further, the single acupoint electrode consists of a circular skin patch and 2 circular electrodes; the skin patch is made of non-woven fabric or polyvinyl chloride material, the diameter is 12-15 mm, the thickness is 0.5-2 mm, and the skin surface is coated with medical non-setting adhesive; the positive electrode is annular, is made of conductive silicon rubber, has a diameter 5mm smaller than that of the skin patch, a width 3mm and a thickness 1mm, is concentrically combined with the skin patch, clings to the skin surface of the skin patch, and is connected with the positive electrode of the electrical stimulation generator through a positive electrode lead; the negative electrode is in a shape of a circular sheet with the diameter of 3mm, is similar to the positive electrode in material and thickness, and is connected with the negative electrode of the electrical stimulation generator through a negative electrode lead;
the patch electrode receives 32 PWM pulses sent by the IO port of the processor to stimulate the skin surface.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling electroencephalogram signal reception and processing in a control system for performing the method, the method comprising: the forehead and ear electrodes are worn correctly and connected with the TGAM module, and an ASIC chip in the module is used for finishing the functions of filtering, amplifying, A/D (analog to digital) conversion and the like of the electroencephalogram signals in a centralized manner. Selecting an HC-06 serial port Bluetooth module and setting the Bluetooth module as an automatic connection mode, pairing a Bluetooth slave module at a TGAM end with a Bluetooth host module at an STM32F407ZGT6 processor end, setting the Bluetooth slave module and the Bluetooth host module as the same baud rate, starting transmission, and enabling original electroencephalogram data to enter a processor; when the processor receives the raw brain wave data, analysis is performed, and the TGAM transmits 512 pieces of packet data and 1 piece of big packet data per second. And analyzing the small packet data into a packet header, original data and a checksum by using an API library function of a ThinkGear data analyzer, analyzing the large packet data into a synchronous signal, a total signal length, signal quality, attention, relaxation, electroencephalogram original data and a checksum, and further extracting various waveforms in the original data according to the characteristics of a server-side model. Meanwhile, another group of Bluetooth slave modules at the processor end is matched with a Bluetooth adapter at the PC end or the mobile client end, sleeping brain wave data are uploaded to the server, an application program at the server end automatically stages the brain wave data through a least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) machine learning model, and then a sleeping brain wave stage conclusion is transmitted to the client end. The client-side sends the staging conclusion to the processor through the Bluetooth module, the processor judges according to the staging conclusion of the sleep electroencephalogram of the user after receiving the data, if the insomnia exists, the data is converted into a control signal of the processor, an IO port of the processor is controlled to output a PWM wave with a duty ratio of 50%, and the micro driving current of the electrode patch is controlled through the transmitting circuit, so that a certain stimulation is formed on acupuncture points, and the effects of calming nerves and helping sleep are achieved.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an electroencephalograph using the control system for collecting brain wave signal reception and processing.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are: a control system and method for receiving and processing brain wave signals is disclosed, which includes collecting brain wave signals by sensor, filtering, sending them to server for automatic staging of sleep state, feeding back result to client, utilizing PWM to control processor to output micro drive current to stimulate human acupoints. The control system realizes the functions of autonomous acquisition, analysis and control feedback of brain wave data, avoids the trouble that a patient repeatedly goes to a medical institution due to portable and small structural design, avoids radiation damage of large-scale equipment, and is favorable for autonomous collection of scientific research data. The independent structural design is beneficial to expanding functions and structures, and the use cost of the equipment is reduced. The unique electrical stimulation module can start the electric needle in real time according to the staged condition of the sleep data, massage acupuncture points of a human body, improve microcirculation, and cause diffusibility inhibition effect on cerebral cortex and subcortical structures, so that the cortex actively inhibits the reticular structure to lead to sleep, thereby achieving the effects of calming the nerves and helping sleep.
The data acquisition and processing table lists part of methods for electroencephalogram acquisition and processing, and compares the working characteristics, adverse effects, sleep-assisting form and expandability of the electroencephalogram. As shown in the following table, the present invention allows the operator to autonomously collect and analyze data, and preferentially improves the data processing method without side effects. The invention is suitable for the situation that the system structure is modified according to the application scene, and the invention is provided with the electric needle sleep-assisting device which can judge whether to carry out acupuncture point massage according to the brain wave analysis result.
TABLE 1 data acquisition and processing table
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall block diagram of a control system for receiving and processing brain wave signals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a TGAM semiconductor chip and a bluetooth module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a structure of a single-hole electrode and a bonding method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of system control for receiving and processing brain wave signals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a control system for receiving and processing brain wave signals according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: forehead ear electrode 1, Neurosky TGAM module 2, bluetooth transmission data 3, processor 4, transmitting circuit 5, brain 6, bluetooth data transmission 7, client 8, server 9.
The forehead ear electrode 1 is connected with a processor 4 through a Neurosky TGAM module 2 and a Bluetooth transmission data 3;
the processor 4 is connected with the brain 6 through a transmitting circuit 5;
the processor 4 is connected with the client 8 and the server 9 through the Bluetooth data transmission 7.
Further, the forehead ear electrode 1 is used for connecting a human body with a Neurosky TGAM module 2;
the Neurosky TGAM module 2 adopts a Neurosky TGAM idea sensor released by Neurosky corporation and is used for acquiring brain wave signals;
the Bluetooth transmission data 3 and the Bluetooth data transmission 7 are used for transmitting data;
the processor 4 adopts an STM32F407ZGT6 processor to process data transmitted by Bluetooth and control the operation of a transmitting circuit;
the transmitting circuit 5 controls the IO port to output the micro driving current of the PWM wave control electrode patch through the processor 4, and certain stimulation is formed on acupuncture points of the brain 6;
the client 8 is used for transmitting signals between the processor 4 and the server 9;
the server 9 is used for processing data and generating control signals to operate the transmitting circuit 5 through the client 8 to the processor 4.
Furthermore, the TGAM semiconductor chip is a highly integrated single-chip electroencephalogram sensor, can perform analog-to-digital conversion and detect abnormal states of poor contact, and integrates the functions of electroencephalogram signal acquisition, filtering, amplification, A/D conversion, data processing, data analysis and the like. The complex brain waves can be converted into data signals such as relaxation degree, concentration degree, blink, brain waves and the like under the processing of the TGAM module.
The Neurosky TGAM chip is used for attaching the collecting electrode to the left forehead of the brain, two reference electrodes are placed on the left ear breast protrusion and the right ear breast protrusion, interference is eliminated by calculating reference potential, and noise reduction is facilitated.
Further, the Bluetooth module is an HC-06 serial port module.
Furthermore, STM32F407ZGT6 is a core circuit board adopting a USB interface, has 64 paths of digital human output and is suitable for the design requiring a large number of IO interfaces. An STM32F407ZGT6 processor is used as a data processing controller, an original number packet of the signal filtering amplification processing module transmitted from the Bluetooth module is received through a serial port, a program is compiled, effective data are extracted by a software method, and the analyzed effective data are transmitted to a main control system through the serial port.
Further, the single-acupoint electrode reduces the conductive area of the electrode as much as possible, so that accurate stimulation can be performed on the Shenmen acupoint. The single acupoint electrode consists of a circular skin patch and 2 circular electrodes. The skin patch is made of non-woven fabric or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and other materials, the diameter is 12-15 mm, the thickness is 0.5-2 mm, and the skin surface is coated with medical non-setting adhesive. The positive electrode is annular, is made of conductive silicon rubber, has a diameter 5mm smaller than that of the skin patch, a width 3mm and a thickness 1mm, is concentrically combined with the skin patch, clings to the skin surface of the skin patch, and is connected with the positive electrode of the electrical stimulation generator through a positive electrode lead. The negative electrode is in a shape of a circular sheet with the diameter of 3mm, the material and the thickness of the negative electrode are similar to those of the positive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the electrical stimulation generator through a negative electrode lead.
The patch electrode receives 32 PWM pulses sent by the IO port of the processor to stimulate the skin surface. The PWM wave is a digital pulse that can be simply applied to a system of an application by simply supplying a digital pulse having a different width from the width of the pulse, and thus, the output current can be simply changed to adjust the speed of the motor. PWM has the advantage of a large regulation range, and any analog value can be coded using PWM as long as the bandwidth is sufficient.
Further, the method for controlling the receiving and processing of the brain wave signal provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises: acquiring brain wave signals by a Neurosky TGAM idea sensor released by Neurosky corporation, and transmitting the brain wave signals to an STM32F407ZGT6 processor by using Bluetooth; when the STM32F407ZGT6 processor receives brain waves, the brain waves are analyzed, sleeping brain waves are analyzed, the data are filtered and the like according to the sleeping brain wave data, the data are transmitted to a client through Bluetooth, the client is transmitted to a server, and the server processes the data and then transmits the data to the processor through the client; the STM32F407ZGT6 processor receives data transmitted by Bluetooth, converts the data into a control signal of the STM32F407ZGT6 processor, and controls an IO port to output PWM (pulse-width modulation) waves to control the tiny driving current of the electrode patch, so that certain stimulation is formed on acupuncture points, and the effects of calming the nerves and helping sleep are achieved.
The application of the principles of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
In this embodiment, a NeuroSky TGAM idea sensor proposed by NeuroSky science and technology ltd of the united states is used to monitor brain waves of frontal lobe in real time to obtain an original data signal. The data can be changed along with different sleeping conditions of the client, the collected data are transmitted to an STM32F407ZGT6 processor through Bluetooth, and the function of abstracting the data is realized through two simple functions by utilizing a ThinkGear data parser API function library. The data stream is fetched, placed in the parser, and then the program variable values required by itself are defined. Therefore, the sleep brain waves are acquired, the data of the brain waves are related to the sleep condition of the client in real time because the mind sensor always sends the data, and when the client enters a corresponding sleep stage, the Bluetooth returns the corresponding brain waves.
Aiming at the problems of complex structure, difficult operation and the like of a control system, the system develops a control system integrating receiving and processing of brain wave signals and hardware. The system adopts a Neurosky TGAM idea sensor released by Neurosky corporation to acquire brain wave signals, and transmits the brain wave signals to an STM32F407ZGT6 processor by using Bluetooth; a block diagram of the system is shown in fig. 1. When the STM32F407ZGT6 processor receives brain waves, the brain waves are analyzed to analyze sleep brain waves, the data are filtered and the like according to the sleep brain wave data, the data are transmitted to the client through Bluetooth, the client is transmitted to the server, and the server processes the data and then transmits the data to the processor through the client; the STM32F407ZGT6 processor receives data transmitted by Bluetooth, converts the data into a control signal of the STM32F407ZGT6 processor, and controls an IO port to output a PWM wave to control a tiny driving current of an electrode patch; thereby forming certain stimulation to the acupuncture points and playing the effects of soothing the nerves and helping sleep.
The NeuroSky technology includes noise filtering. The signal amplification makes the original brain wave signal more clear. Noise filtering techniques can remove muscle, pulse and noise from electrical equipment. The filter may filter out interference noise from between 50-60Hz in the grid.
(a) Data acquisition unit
The TGAM semiconductor chip is a highly integrated single-chip electroencephalogram sensor, can perform analog-to-digital conversion and detect abnormal states of poor contact, and integrates the functions of electroencephalogram signal acquisition, filtering, amplification, A/D conversion, data processing, data analysis and the like. Under the processing of the TGAM module, the complicated brain waves can be converted into data signals such as relaxation, concentration, blinking, brain waves and the like.
The Neurosky TGAM chip is used for attaching the collecting electrode to the left forehead of the brain, two reference electrodes are placed on the left ear breast protrusion and the right ear breast protrusion, interference is eliminated by calculating reference potential, and noise reduction is facilitated. When the reference electrode is not connected, electroencephalogram acquisition is carried out, and waveforms have large interference so that electroencephalograms are completely in noise and cannot be identified. Through setting up two-sided electrode ear clamp, through the human body contact electrode design of ear, for the inside and outside auricle structure of centre gripping inside and outside the ear, whole small in size, adjustment and operation are very convenient, and the people is not influenced basically when walking or do various actions, directly really reflects the data on the human body.
The Bluetooth module selects an HC-06 serial port module, the electroencephalogram sensor and the Bluetooth module both support a standard serial port protocol and can be conveniently connected, when the sleep-assisting instrument is in a working state, the Bluetooth transmitting module and the Bluetooth receiving module work simultaneously to receive a data packet transmitted by an external wearable acquisition device, and the sleep-assisting intelligence is realized.
(b) Data processing unit
STM32F407ZGT6 is a core circuit board adopting a USB interface, has 64 paths of digital output and is suitable for the design needing a large number of IO interfaces. An STM32F407ZGT6 processor is used as a data processing controller, an original number packet of the signal filtering amplification processing module transmitted from the Bluetooth module is received through a serial port, a program is compiled to extract effective data by using a software method, and the analyzed effective data is transmitted to a main control system through the serial port, as shown in FIG. 2.
(c) Transmission module
The single acupoint electrode reduces the conductive area of the electrode as much as possible so as to be capable of accurately stimulating the Shenmen acupoint. The single acupoint electrode consists of a circular skin patch and 2 circular electrodes, as shown in fig. 3. The skin patch is made of non-woven fabric or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and other materials, the diameter is 12-15 mm, the thickness is 0.5-2 mm, and the skin surface is coated with medical non-setting adhesive. The positive electrode is annular, is made of conductive silicon rubber, has a diameter 5mm smaller than that of the skin patch, a width 3mm and a thickness 1mm, is concentrically combined with the skin patch, clings to the skin surface of the skin patch, and is connected with the positive electrode of the electrical stimulation generator through a positive electrode lead. The negative electrode is in a shape of a circular sheet with the diameter of 3mm, the material and the thickness of the negative electrode are similar to those of the positive electrode, and the negative electrode is connected with the negative electrode of the electrical stimulation generator through a negative electrode lead. The structure and the attaching method of the single acupoint electrode are shown in fig. 3.
The patch electrode receives 32 PWM pulses sent by the IO port of the processor to stimulate the skin surface. The PWM wave is a digital pulse that can be simply applied to a system of an application by simply supplying a digital pulse having a different width from the width of the pulse, and thus, the output current can be simply changed to adjust the speed of the motor. PWM has the advantage of a large regulation range, and any analog value can be coded using PWM as long as the bandwidth is sufficient.
The control flow of the brain wave signal receiving and processing control system is shown in fig. 4, brain wave signals are collected through forehead and ear electrodes, and after filtering, amplification and A/D conversion through a TGAM chip, complicated brain wave signals are converted into data suitable for post-processing. After the data is transmitted to the server through the Bluetooth module, sleep staging is carried out on the electroencephalogram data, and whether the stimulation of the acupuncture points of the electric acupuncture is started or not is judged according to a staging conclusion. In an 'insomnia' state, the client receives server data, the IO port is controlled by the processor to output the micro driving current of the PWM wave control electrode patch, and stimulation is formed on acupuncture points of the brain, so that the effects of sleep aiding and nerve soothing are achieved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
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