阅读说明：本技术 一种铝电解槽超细或低容重粉体下料技术 (Aluminum electrolysis cell ultrafine or low volume weight powder blanking technology ) 是由 王兆文 杨酉坚 庞小娟 于江玉 刘爱民 刘风国 于 2019-10-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于冶金工业技术领域,尤其涉及一种铝电解槽超细或低容重粉体下料技术,包括外壳、第一压缩装置、第二压缩装置和放料壶；所述外壳的内腔开设有与外部连通的腔体,所述外壳的侧壁上开设有进料口,所述第一活塞的顶部与所述第一驱动杆的另一端固定连接；所述第二活塞与所述第一活塞杆之间形成压缩腔室,所述压缩腔室的侧壁上开设有压缩空气入口,所述放料壶的底部设有与之连通的导流槽,通过双活塞机构,对低容重的物料进行体积压缩,并利用压缩空气将物料以一定初速度从导流槽排出到电解槽内,可以有效减少超细粉料和容重较低物料的飞扬损失,提高下料的有效性,结构简单可靠,密封性好,维修方便,可适应长时间工作。(The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical industry, and particularly relates to an aluminum cell superfine or low volume weight powder blanking technology, which comprises a shell, a first compression device, a second compression device and a discharging kettle; the inner cavity of the shell is provided with a cavity communicated with the outside, the side wall of the shell is provided with a feeding hole, and the top of the first piston is fixedly connected with the other end of the first driving rod; the second piston with form the compression cavity between the first piston rod, set up the compressed air entry on the lateral wall of compression cavity, the bottom of blowing kettle is equipped with the guiding gutter of intercommunication with it, through two piston mechanism, carries out the volume compression to the material of low unit weight to utilize compressed air to discharge the material from the guiding gutter with certain initial velocity to the electrolysis trough in, can effectively reduce the flying upward loss of superfine material and the lower material of unit weight, improve the validity of unloading, simple structure is reliable, the leakproofness is good, easy maintenance, adaptable long-time work.)

1. An aluminum cell ultrafine or low volume weight powder blanking device is characterized by comprising a shell (1), a first compression device (2), a second compression device (3) and a discharging pot (4);

the shell (1) is of a hollow structure which is communicated up and down, a cavity (5) communicated with the outside is formed in the inner cavity of the shell (1), and the first compression device (2) and the second compression device (3) are inserted into the cavity (5);

a feed inlet (6) is formed in the side wall of the shell (1), the feed inlet (6) is communicated with the cavity (5), an end cover (8) is sleeved on the top opening of the shell (1), and a discharge outlet (7) is formed in the bottom opening of the shell (1);

the bottom of the shell (1) is fixedly connected with the top of the discharging pot (4); the feeding kettle (4) is of a hollow structure, and the bottom of the feeding kettle (4) is connected with a flow guide groove (12).

2. The aluminum electrolysis cell ultrafine or low volume weight powder feeder according to claim 1, wherein a protective shell (11) is further fastened to the top of the shell (1), and the end cap (8) is connected to the bottom of the protective shell (11).

3. The aluminum electrolysis cell ultra-fine or low volume-weight powder feeder according to claim 1, wherein the first compression device (2) comprises a first power source (21), a first driving rod (22) and a first piston (23);

the first driving rod (22) is of a hollow structure which is through up and down, the first driving rod (22) is inserted into the cavity (5), one end of the first driving rod (22) penetrates through the end cover (8) to be in driving connection with the output end of the first power source (21), and the position of the first piston (23) in the cavity (5) is flush with the position of the feed port (6) or higher than the position of the feed port (6);

the other end of the first driving rod (22) is fixedly connected with the first piston (23), and the first power source (21) drives the first piston (23) to slide in the cavity (5) through the first driving rod (22).

4. The aluminum electrolysis cell ultra-fine or low volume weight powder blanking device according to claim 3, wherein the second compression device (3) comprises a second power source (31), a second driving rod (32) and a second piston (33);

the second driving rod (32) is inserted into the cavity (5), one end of the second driving rod (32) sequentially penetrates through the first piston (23), the first driving rod (22) and the end cover (8) from bottom to top to be in driving connection with the output end of the second power source (31), and the position of the second piston (33) in the cavity (5) is parallel to or higher than the discharge hole (7);

the other end of the second driving rod (32) is fixedly connected with the second piston (33), and the second power source (31) drives the second piston (33) to slide in the cavity (5) through the second driving rod (32);

a compression chamber (9) is formed between the first piston (23) and the second piston (33).

5. The aluminum electrolysis cell ultrafine or low volume weight powder blanking device according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the housing (1) is further provided with a compressed air inlet (10), the compressed air inlet (10) is located below the feed port (6), and the vertical distance from the compressed air inlet (10) to the feed port (6) is between 5mm and 10 mm.

6. The aluminum electrolysis cell ultra-fine or low volume-weight powder feeder according to claim 1, wherein the first power source (21) and the second power source (31) both use a driving motor, compressed air or electromagnetic force as power sources.

7. The aluminum electrolysis cell ultra-fine or low volume-weight powder blanking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top ends of the first driving rod (22) and the second driving rod (32) are provided with pressure sensors.

8. The aluminum electrolysis cell ultrafine or low volume weight powder blanking device according to claim 1, wherein the flow guide groove (12) is inclined at an angle with the vertical direction, and the angle of inclination is in the range of 30 ° to 60 °.

9. The blanking technology of the aluminum cell ultra-fine or low volume weight powder blanking device adopted by the aluminum cell as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, respectively arranging the first piston (23) and the second piston (33) at initial positions, wherein the initial position of the first piston (23) is a position flush with the feed port (6), the initial position of the second piston (33) is a position flush with the bottom of the shell (1), and the compressed air inlet (10) is closed;

the initial position of the first piston (23) is positioned at the feed inlet, the initial position of the second piston (33) is positioned at the bottom of the shell (1), and meanwhile, a compressed air inlet (10) in a compression chamber (9) is in a closed state;

s2, starting the first power source (21), driving the first driving rod (22) to drive the first piston (23) to move upwards through the first power source (21), and keeping the second piston (33) at an initial position;

s3, opening the feed inlet (6) to enable the powdery material in the bin to flow into and fill the whole compression chamber (9);

s4, the first power source (21) is started again to drive the first driving rod (22), the first piston (23) is driven to move downwards by the first driving rod (22), and meanwhile the second power source (31) is started to drive the second driving rod (32) to drive the second piston (33) to move upwards;

s5, when the position of the first piston (23) is flush with the feed port (6), closing the first power source (21), stopping downward movement of the first piston (23), continuing upward movement of the second piston (33), continuously compressing the material in the compression chamber (9) to a preset pressure value, and then closing the second power source (31) to obtain the compressed material;

and S6, starting the second power source (31) again, driving the second driving rod (32) to drive the second piston (33) to move downwards into the discharging pot (4), opening the compressed air inlet (10) and injecting compressed air into the compression chamber (9), and discharging the compressed material to the charging point of the electrolytic cell through the discharging pot (4) and the diversion trench (12) for next-step electrolysis.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical industry, and particularly relates to a blanking technology of ultrafine or low volume weight powder of an aluminum electrolytic cell.

Background

Aluminum electrolysis is a high energy consumption industry, and a large amount of electric energy needs to be consumed in the process of generating metal aluminum by oxidizing aluminum, and meanwhile, the temperature required by electrolysis is maintained by the heat generated by current. In the aluminum electrolysis process, alumina is added into an aluminum electrolysis cell through a point type feeder to complete the processes of dissolution, diffusion, transportation and the like;

in the existing aluminum electrolysis process, when the granularity of materials needing to be added for aluminum electrolysis is less than 40 mu m, the materials are ultrafine powder, and the ultrafine powder comprises the following components: alumina powder, aluminum fluoride powder, fly ash and the like. After the discharge of the fine powder of less than 40 μm from the downer, a large amount of fly ash is generated in the air, which causes not only deterioration of the environment of the production plant but also the failure of accurate introduction of the dispersed and flying alumina particles into the feed port.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a superfine or low volume weight powder blanking technology for an aluminum electrolysis cell, which can increase the effectiveness of blanking and reduce the flying loss of fine dust in the feeding process.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:

an aluminum cell ultrafine or low volume weight powder feeder comprises a shell, a first compression device, a second compression device and a feeding kettle;

the shell is of a hollow structure which is communicated up and down, a cavity communicated with the outside is formed in the inner cavity of the shell, and the first compression device and the second compression device are inserted into the cavity;

a feed inlet is formed in the side wall of the shell and communicated with the cavity, an end cover is sleeved at an opening in the top of the shell, and a discharge outlet is formed in an opening in the bottom of the shell;

the bottom of the shell is fixedly connected with the top of the feeding kettle; the feeding kettle is of a hollow structure.

Preferably, the top of the shell is also buckled with a protective shell, and the end cover is connected with the bottom of the protective shell;

preferably, the first compression device comprises a first power source, a first drive rod and a first piston;

the first driving rod is of a hollow structure which is communicated up and down, the first driving rod is inserted into the cavity, one end of the first driving rod penetrates through the end cover to be in driving connection with the output end of the first power source, and the position of the first piston in the cavity is flush with the position of the feed port or higher than the position of the feed port;

the other end of the first driving rod is fixedly connected with the first piston, and the first power source drives the first piston to slide in the cavity through the first driving rod.

Preferably, the second compression device comprises a second power source, a second drive rod and a second piston;

the second driving rod is inserted into the cavity, one end of the second driving rod sequentially penetrates through the first piston, the first driving rod and the end cover from bottom to top to be in driving connection with the output end of the second power source, and the position of the second piston in the cavity is parallel to or higher than the discharge hole;

the other end of the second driving rod is fixedly connected with the second piston, and a second power source drives the second piston to slide in the cavity through the second driving rod;

a compression chamber is formed between the first piston and the second piston.

Preferably, the side wall of the shell is further provided with a compressed air inlet, the compressed air inlet is located below the feed port, and the vertical distance between the compressed air inlet and the feed port is 5-10 mm.

Preferably, the first power source and the second power source both adopt a driving motor, compressed air or electromagnetic force as power sources.

Preferably, the top ends of the first driving rod 22 and the second driving rod 32 are both provided with pressure sensors.

Preferably, the bottom of the discharging kettle is connected with a flow guide groove, the flow guide groove forms an inclined angle with the vertical direction, and the range of the inclined angle is 30-60 degrees.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

s1, respectively arranging a first piston and a second piston at initial positions, wherein the initial position of the first piston is a position flush with the feed port, the initial position of the second piston is a position flush with the bottom of the shell, and the compressed air inlet is closed;

the initial position of the first piston is positioned at the feed inlet, the initial position of the second piston is positioned at the bottom of the shell, and meanwhile, a compressed air inlet in a compression chamber is in a closed state;

s2, starting the first power source, driving the first driving rod to drive the first piston to move upwards through the first power source, and keeping the second piston at an initial position;

s3, opening the feed inlet to enable the powdery material in the bin to flow into and fill the whole compression chamber;

s4, the first power source is started again to drive the first driving rod, the first piston is driven to move downwards by the first driving rod, and meanwhile, the second power source is started to drive the second driving rod to drive the second piston to move upwards;

s5, when the position of the first piston is flush with the feed inlet, closing the first power source, stopping downward movement of the first piston, continuing upward movement of the second piston, continuously compressing the material in the compression chamber to a preset pressure value, and closing the second power source to obtain the compressed material;

and S6, starting the second power source again, driving the second driving rod to drive the second piston to move downwards into the discharging kettle, opening the compressed air inlet and injecting compressed air into the compression chamber, discharging the compressed material to the charging point of the electrolytic cell through the discharging kettle and the diversion trench for next electrolysis, wherein the diversion trench forms an inclination angle with the vertical direction, and the inclination angle ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a method for preparing a material with a volume weight of less than 40 mu m or 0.4-0.8g/cm³The blanking technology of the material, through being equipped with the cavity at the shell cavity, be provided with first piston in the cavity, first actuating lever, and first power supply and the second piston of the first actuating lever up-and-down motion of drive, pass first piston, the second actuating lever of first actuating lever, and the second power supply of drive second actuating lever, form the compression cavity between first piston and the second piston, the compressed air entry has been seted up on the compression cavity, through two piston mechanisms, carry out volume compression to the material of low unit weight, and utilize compressed air to discharge the material from the guiding gutter to the electrolysis trough with certain initial velocity, can effectively reduce the flying upward loss of superfine material and the lower material of unit weight, can directly discharge superfine powder into the electrolysis trough, improve the validity of unloading, simple structure is reliable, good sealing performance, easy maintenance, adaptable long-time work.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the blanking technique of ultrafine or low volume weight powder for aluminum electrolysis cell of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the shell, 2, first compressor arrangement, 21, first power supply, 22, first actuating lever, 23, first piston, 3, second compressor arrangement, 31, second power supply, 32, second actuating lever, 33, second piston, 4, blowing kettle, 5, cavity, 6, feed inlet, 7, discharge gate, 8, end cover, 9, compression chamber, 10, compressed air entry, 11, protective housing, 12, guiding gutter.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

An aluminum cell ultrafine or low volume weight powder feeder comprises a shell 1, a first compression device 2, a second compression device 3 and a feeding kettle 4;

the shell 1 is of a hollow structure which is through up and down, a cavity 5 communicated with the outside is formed in the inner cavity of the shell 1, and the first compression device 2 and the second compression device 3 are inserted into the cavity 5;

a feed inlet 6 is formed in the side wall of the shell 1, the feed inlet 6 is communicated with the cavity 5, an end cover 8 is sleeved at an opening in the top of the shell 1, and a discharge outlet 7 is formed in an opening in the bottom of the shell 1;

the bottom of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with the top of the feeding kettle 4; the discharging pot 4 is a hollow structure.

In general, the bulk weight of materials having a particle size of less than 40 μm is generally low, about 0.4 to 0.8g/cm³. The original bulk weight of the material in the silo is known, the material flows into the cavity 5 of the feeder housing 1 through the feed opening 6, and the volume is compressed in the compression chamber 9 on the cavity 5 of the feeder housing 1, so that the bulk weight is increased to 1.0-2.0g/cm in a short time³. The invention is suitable for materials with lower volume weight, and the volume weight exceeds 2.0g/cm³The powder material of (2) is not suitable for the method.

When the blanking device carries out constant volume on the alumina which is blanked once in the cavity 5 of the shell 1 through the first compression device 2 and the second compression device 3, the alumina or other materials with constant volume are compressed in volume, so that the volume weight, volume density and volume density of the alumina are kept to be 1.0-1.5g/cm³Then, the second piston 23 is operated to move downwards to open the discharge port 7, the material is discharged out of the compression chamber 9 by the gravity of the material or by opening and introducing compressed air into a compressed air inlet 10 on the compression chamber 9, and the material is fed into an electrolytic cell of the discharge port at a certain initial speed and angle through a diversion trench 12.

Constant volume, material compression and discharging operations are realized mainly by the movement of the first piston 23 and the second piston 33, and the first piston 23 and the second piston 33 can respectively and independently move up and down. A compressed air inlet 10 is provided at an upper portion of the compression chamber 9 near the top. Thanks to the independently movable first piston 23 and second piston 33, the feeder can adjust the volume of the constant volume feeding by changing the distance between the first piston 23 and the second piston 33, thereby achieving flexible feeding.

Specifically, the protective shell 11 can protect the first compression device 2 and the second compression device 3 from dust and impact, the service lives of the first compression device 2 and the second compression device 3 are prolonged, the protective shell 11 is buckled at the top of the shell 1, and the end cover 8 is connected with the bottom of the protective shell 11.

Specifically, the first compression device 2 includes a first power source 21, a first drive rod 22, and a first piston 23;

the first driving rod 22 is a hollow structure which is through up and down, the first driving rod 22 is inserted into the cavity 5, one end of the first driving rod 22 penetrates through the end cover 8 to be in driving connection with the output end of the first power source 21, and the position of the first piston 23 in the cavity 5 is flush with the position of the feed port 6 or is higher than the position of the feed port 6;

the other end of the first driving rod 22 is fixedly connected to the first piston 23, and the first power source 21 drives the first piston 23 to slide in the cavity 5 through the first driving rod 22.

Specifically, the second compression device 3 includes a second power source 31, a second drive rod 32, and a second piston 33;

the second driving rod 32 is inserted into the cavity 5, one end of the second driving rod 32 sequentially passes through the first piston 23, the first driving rod 22 and the end cover 8 from bottom to top to be in driving connection with the output end of the second power source 31, and the second piston 33 is parallel to or higher than the discharge hole 7 in the cavity 5;

the other end of the second driving rod 32 is fixedly connected with the second piston 33, and the second power source 31 drives the second piston 33 to slide in the cavity 5 through the second driving rod 32;

the first piston 23 and the second piston 33 form a compression chamber 9 therebetween.

Specifically, a compressed air inlet 10 is further arranged on the side wall of the housing 1, the compressed air inlet 10 is located below the feed port 6, and the distance from the compressed air inlet 10 to the feed port 6 is 5 mm-10 mm.

Specifically, the first power source 21 and the second power source 31 each employ a driving motor, compressed air, or electromagnetic force as a power source.

Particularly, in the material compression process, a pressure sensor is installed on the upper portion of the piston driving rod, and the pressure change condition in the compression chamber can be sensed in real time. Pressure data through pressure sensor obtains, not only can protect mechanical parts according to the rated bearing capacity of equipment, prolong its life, can also judge whether the whole compression chamber is filled to the material in the feeding operation through the change of pressure data among the compression process, the validity to the glassware operation at every turn evaluates down, install pressure sensor on first power supply 21 and second power supply 31 and first actuating lever 22 and second actuating lever 32 additional, can carry out effectual protection to first power supply 21 and second power supply 31, prevent that first power supply 21 and second power supply 31 from receiving and exceeding rated load and damaging, pressure sensor is installed on the top of first actuating lever 22 and second actuating lever 32.

Specifically, the diversion trench 12 is inclined at an angle with the vertical direction, and the angle of inclination ranges from 30 ° to 60 °.

Specifically, the blanking technology of the aluminum cell ultrafine or low volume weight powder blanking device comprises the following steps:

s1, setting the first piston 23 and the second piston 33 at initial positions respectively, wherein the initial position of the first piston 23 is a position flush with the feed port 6, the initial position of the second piston 33 is a position flush with the bottom of the housing 1, and closing the compressed air inlet 10;

the initial position of the first piston 23 is located at the feed port, the initial position of the second piston 33 is located at the bottom of the housing 1, and the compressed air inlet 10 in the compression chamber 9 is in a closed state;

s2, starting the first power source 21, driving the first driving rod 22 to drive the first piston 23 to move upwards through the first power source 21, and keeping the initial position of the second piston 33 still;

s3, opening the feed inlet 6 to enable the powdery material in the bin to flow into and fill the whole compression chamber 9;

s4, the first power source 21 is started again to drive the first driving rod 22, the first driving rod 22 drives the first piston 23 to move downwards, and the second power source 31 is started to drive the second driving rod 32 to drive the second piston 33 to move upwards;

s5, when the position of the first piston 23 is flush with the feed inlet 6, closing the first power source 21, stopping downward movement of the first piston 23, continuing upward movement of the second piston 33, continuously compressing the material in the compression chamber 9 to a preset pressure value, and then closing the second power source 31 to obtain the compressed material;

s6, the second power source 31 is started again, the second driving rod 32 is driven to drive the second piston 33 to move downwards into the discharging pot 4, the compressed air inlet 10 is opened, compressed air is injected into the compression chamber 9, and the compressed material flows through the discharging pot 4 and the diversion trench 12 and is discharged to the charging point of the electrolytic cell for next electrolysis.

The working principle is as follows: before the blanking operation is started, the initial position of the second piston 33 is located at the bottom of the housing 1 (covering the discharge port 7), and the initial position of the first piston 23 is located at the feed port 6 (covering the feed port 6). The compressed air inlet in the compression chamber 9 is closed; in one blanking operation, the first piston 23 is first moved upward and the second piston 33 is held in place. The position of the first piston 23 moving upwards depends on the blanking amount (generally 1.0-2.0L by volume) required by an operator, and in the design, because the first piston 23 and the second piston 33 can respectively and independently move, the constant volume of the blanking device is not a constant value, but can be adjusted at any time according to the requirement of the operator. After the first piston 23 moves upwards, the feeding hole 6 is opened, the powdery material in the storage bin flows into and fills the whole compression chamber 9, and the feeding operation is finished; then the driving motor of the first power source 21 pushes the first piston 23 to move downwards through the first driving rod 22, and the driving motor of the second power source 31 pushes the second piston 33 to move upwards through the second driving rod 32, so that the volume of the material is compressed in the compression chamber 9; the first piston 23 moves downwards to the lowest position as the feed opening 6, when the first piston 23 just covers the feed opening 6, the first piston 23 stops descending, the second piston 33 continues ascending and continuously compresses the material in the compression chamber 9. The volume of the material after compression depends on the amount of feed, the initial bulk weight of the material and the target bulk weight of the material. Through the combined compression action of the first piston 23 and the second piston 33, the volume weight of the material is increased to 1.0-1.5g/cm after the compression is finished³(ii) a In the material compression process, the upper part of the first driving rod 22 is provided with a pressure sensor which can sense the pressure in real timePressure changes in the compression chamber. The pressure data obtained by the pressure sensor can protect mechanical parts according to the rated bearing capacity of the equipment and prolong the service life of the mechanical parts, and can judge whether the whole compression chamber is filled with materials in the feeding operation or not according to the change of the pressure data in the compression process, so as to evaluate the effectiveness of each operation of the blanking device; the kinetic energy required by the first piston 23 and the second piston 23 during the compression process can be driven by a driving motor, compressed air or electromagnetic force as a power source; during the subsequent emptying operation, the first piston 23 is not in the same position, and the second piston 33 is moved downwards into the emptying pot 4. At this time, the discharge port is opened, the compressed air inlet 10 in the compression chamber 9 is opened, and compressed air is injected into the compression chamber 9 to discharge the material out of the compression chamber 9. The compressed material flows through the discharging pot 4 and the diversion trench 12, and flows into the electrolytic cell for electrolysis at the injection speed of 0.5m/s-2.0m/s according to the set angle of the diversion trench 12, namely the diversion trench 12 forms an inclined angle with the vertical direction, and the inclined angle ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees.

The initial speed of adding in the electrolysis trough charge point, can effectively reduce the super fine material and the lower material of unit weight of flying upward the loss, can directly discharge the electrolysis trough with superfine powder, improve the validity of unloading, simple structure is reliable, and the leakproofness is good, easy maintenance, adaptable long-time work.